Final Exam (Take Home) Fall

– 2020

Subject: Introduction to Development Studies Submission Day: Saturday

Instructor: Akhtar Hussain Submission Date: 30-01-2021
Program: BBA Max. Marks: 30

Department of Business Administration

Please follow the instructions carefully:

1. Write your answers in a Word file and upload the file before the due date on BB.
2. Use 12 pt. font size and Times New Roman font style along with 1-inch page margins.
3. Follow the requirements of the word limit and the marking criteria while writing your
answers.
4. Provide relevant, original and conceptual answers, as this exam aims to test your ability
to examine, explain, modify or develop concepts discussed in class.
5. Do not copy answers from the internet or other sources. The plagiarism of your answers
will be checked through Turnitin software.
6. Recheck your answers before the submission on BB to correct any content or language
related errors.

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Instructions:

 Attempt all questions from section A.

 Each question carries 5 marks.
 The words limit for each answer is 300 words.

SECTION A

Q1. Do you agree with the statement that “Democracy is the best mode of Governance”? Provide
reasons and examples to justify your answer.

Q2. Describe any two challenges of urbanization to the Developing Countries which you foresee.
Explain how robust urban planning can help to counter the problems being faced by urban
population in Pakistan?

Q3. Human Development is the cornerstone of Government Policymaking. Pakistan consistently

scores low on Human Development Indexes. Suppose you are in responsible position, what
particular policy steps would you take to ensure improved Human Development Index ranking of
Pakistan?

Q4. Environmental Degradation is major policy issue for 21st century Social Scientists. Share
your experiences of any environmental catastrophe in your surroundings and what steps could be
taken to mitigate the risks of such calamities?

Section B

Instructions:

 Please read the following case study carefully and answer the questions being followed.
 The marks and word limit for each answer is mentioned against the question.

Pakistan

History

Pakistan’s history contains many rulers both local and international rulers. After gaining
independence in 1947 from the British rule, Pakistan and India came to war with each other. In
1949 Pakistan’s constitution assembly passed objectives resolutions, but these resolutions were
mainly based on Islam in comparison to today’s democracy. After the initial war with India,
instability within the country caused another war in 1965, this instability escalated into the use of
gorilla weapons and warfare followed by another war in 1971 paving the way for what is known
as Bangladesh. The military took over in 1977 followed by restoration of Democracy in 1988.
Military took over again in 1999 followed by restoration of Democracy in 2008. The country
witnessed the third transfer of power after the recently concluded elections in July 2018.

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Geography

Pakistan is a southern Asian country which borders India, Afghanistan, Iran and China. Pakistan
has a very hot and dry climate to offer with most of the days being hot. This has caused the
terrain to be flat, plain and have a fairly desert environment. The country has many natural
resources such as extensive natural gas, petroleum and copper. All of which that can be used for
economic uses. Pakistan is rated 146th in the world’s development index as they still have
environmental issues such as water pollution, which has caused a lack of freshwater resources.
Pakistan is also a country that is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes and flooding
caused by heavy monsoon rains.

Economy & Trade

Pakistan’s growth since independence has been higher than the world’s average growth rates.
Since Pakistan’s recession 5 years after independence they economy have been growing every
year. But due to the current economic climate, Pakistan has now reached a balance of payments
crisis. The International Monetary Fund bailed out Pakistan in November 2008 to avert a balance
of payments crisis followed by another bail out in 2014 and in July last year increased the loan to
$11.3 billion from an initial $7.6 billion.

Some facts and figures:

Pakistan Population: 203,709,174 Youth population below 30 years: 64%

GDP growth rate: 3.9% Inflation rate: 9.41%

Labor force: 59.21 million Rural Population: 62%

Urban Population: 38% Literacy Rate: 57%

Unemployment rate: 5.9% External Loans: $99 billion

Exports: $24.824 billion Imports: $56.002 billion

GDP per capita: $1,641 Tax to GDP ratio: 11%

Pakistan's Human Development Index: 150 out of 189 countries

Pakistan’s Corruption Perception Index 117th place out of 180 countries 

Child Mortality: 74.9 deaths per 1,000 live births

Pakistan’s official Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) = 40%

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Please answer following questions with reference to above case study:

Q5. Explain any four Economic challenges of Pakistan with consideration of above data.
(4 Marks) (Words limit 200).

Q6. Explain political struggle of Pakistan since its inception and is effects on development
agenda of country. (4 Marks) (Words limit 200)

Q7. Discuss how you can contribute for development agenda of Pakistan. (2 Marks) (Words
limit 150)

!!!Good Luck!!!!