RASHTRAPATHI

BHAWAN
• ARCHITECT : EDWIN LANDSEER LUTYENS
• TIME PERIOD : 1913-1930
• ARCHITECTURAL STYLE : THE MUGHAL
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS, PERSIAN ART FORMS,
INDIAN DESIGNS AND THE EUROPEAN
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES.
• FLOOR AREA :200,000 SQ FT
• MADE FOR : RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN IS THE
OFFICIAL RESIDENCE OF THE RASHTRAPATI OR
THE PRESIDENT OF INDIA.
• NO STEEL WAS USED TO CONSTRUCT
RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN.
• IN 1916 THE IMPERIAL DELHI COMMITTEE
DISMISSED LUTYENS'S PROPOSAL TO ALTER THE
GRADIENT. LUTYENS THOUGHT BAKER WAS MORE
CONCERNED WITH MAKING MONEY AND PLEASING COMPOSITION:
THE GOVERNMENT, RATHER THAN MAKING A •H SHAPED PLAN
GOOD ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN. •SYMMETRICAL
• FORMAL WITH STRONG CENTRAL AXIS WITH RASHTRAPATHI
BAWAN AS FOCUS ON TOP OF RAISINA HILLS
•STRUCTURE BUILT USING BRICKS AND STONES
• H SHAPED BUILDING
• THE RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN IS
THE BIGGEST RESIDENCE OF THE
HEAD OF THE STATE IN THE
WORLD.
• 340 ROOMS.
• THE STRUCTURE IS BUILT USING
700 MILLION BRICKS AND THREE
MILLION CUBIC FEET OF STONE.
• RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN HAS
BUDDHIST RAILINGS, CHHAJJAS,
CHHATRIS ,JAALIS AND INDIAN
TEMPLE BELLS IN ITS PILLARS.
• DOME OF THE BUILDING IS SAID
TO HAVE BEEN INFLUENCED BY
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE, IT
INDICATES AN INFLUENCE OF THE
FAMOUS SANCHI STUPA.
• THE LAYOUT OF THE PALACE IS
DESIGNED AROUND A MASSIVE
SQUARE WITH MANY
COURTYARDS AND OPEN INNER
AREAS WITHIN.
• THERE ARE SEPARATE WINGS
FOR THE VICEROY AND ANOTHER
WING FOR GUESTS. THE
VICEROY’S WING IS A SEPARATE
FOUR-STOREY HOUSE IN ITSELF,
WITH ITS OWN COURT AREAS
WITHIN.
• AT THE CENTRE OF THE MAIN
PART OF THE PALACE,
UNDERNEATH THE MAIN DOME,
IS THE DURBAR HALL.

COURT
• JAIPUR COLUMN PLACED IN THE FRONT OF THE MAIN
BUILDING IN EAST SIDE.

• MUGHAL GARDENS LOCATED IN THE BACKSIDE OF THE

FAÇADE ON WEST SIDE.

• THE DOME IN THE MIDDLE, INSPIRED FROM

SANCHI STUPA INVOLVED A MIXTURE OF
INDIAN AND BRITISH STYLES. IN THE CENTER
SURMOUNTED ON TOP OF A DRUM, WHICH
STANDS OUT FROM THE REST OF THE
BUILDING, DUE TO ITS HEIGHT.
• THE JAIPUR COLUMN, 145 FEET TOPPED BY A
BRONZE LOTUS FROM WHICH RISES A
SIX-POINTED GLASS STAR.
• AN INTERESTING DETAILS ABOUT THE COLUMN
IS THAT INSIDE THE STONE SHAFT RUNS A STEEL
TUBE WHICH ATTACHED THE LOTUS AND THE
STAR, WHICH WEIGH A LITTLE MORE THAN FIVE
TONES, TO A CONCRETE BLOCK IN THE
FOUNDATION.
• HINDU TEMPLE MOTIFS LIKE BELLS,
SCULPTURES WERE USED

STYLES:
BUDHST STYLE: DOME(SANCHI STUPA)
CLASSICAL STYLE: COLUMNS AND COLLONANDED VERANDAHS
INDIAN MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE -CHATRIS, JALLIS, CHAJJAS
INDIAN HINDU ARCHITECTURE- TEMPLE MOTIFS, BELLS..
• IN THE HALL, THE
COLUMNS ARE MADE IN
DELHI ORDER WHICH
COMBINES VERTICAL
LINES WITH THE MOTIF
OF A BELL.
• THE VERTICAL LINES STATE
FROM THE COLUMN DRAWING
WERE ALSO USED IN THE ROOM
FRIEZE AROUND THE
ROOM, WHICH COULD
NOT HAVE BEEN DONE
WITH ONE OF THE
TRADITIONAL GREEK
ORDERS OF COLUMNS.
STATE
SUPPER
ROOM

STATE
LIBRARY
THE HALL HAS A
2-TON CHANDELIER THE TWO STATE DRAWING ROOMS, THE STATE
WHICH HANGS SUPPER ROOM AND THE STATE LIBRARY ARE EACH
FROM A 33-METRE ON THE FOUR CORNERS OF THE HALL.
HEIGHT
 THERE ARE ALSO OTHER ROOMS SUCH AS MANY
STATE STATE LOGGIAS (GALLERIES WITH OPEN AIR ON ONE SIDE)
DINING BALL WHICH FACE OUT INTO THE COURTYARDS, A LARGE
ROOM ROOM DINING HALL WITH AN EXTREMELY LONG TABLE,
STAIRCASE COURT SITTING ROOMS, BILLIARDS ROOMS, AND A LARGE
BALL ROOM, AND STAIRCASES.

STATE DRAWING OTHER PARTS OF BUILDING

ROOM • YELLOW DRAWING ROOM.
• BANQUET HALL.
STAIRCASE

• ASHOKA HALL.

STAIRCASE
DURBAR HALL • NORTH DRAWING ROOM.
• MUSEUM.
• MARBLE HALL (LEFT, CENTER AND RIGHT).
• DURBAR HALL.
• MUGHAL GARDENS.

ENTRANCE PORTICO
THE RASHTRAPATI BHAWAN IS A LARGE AND VAST MANSION WITH FLOORS AND HAVE
340 ROOMS. IT IS BUILT ON A FLOOR AREA OF 200,00 SQUARE FEET (19.000 M2).
VIJAY CHOWK IN FRONT OF RASHTRAPATI BHAWAN AND ENDS AT INDIA GATES ON
THE WESTERN END OF THE ROAD. THE ANCILLARY DOME – LIKE STRUCTURE ON TOP
OF THE BUILDING IS KNOWN AS A CHATTRI AN INTEGRAL PART OF INDIAN
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN.
• THE DOME IS EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF THE DIAGONALS BETWEEN THE FOUR CORNERS OF THE BUILDING.
• THE DOME IS MORE THAN TWICE THE HEIGHT OF THE REST OF THE BUILDING.
• THERE IS ALSO AN OPEN AREA IN ONE ROOM TO THE SKY, WHICH LETS IN MUCH OF THE NATURAL LIGHT.
SECRETARIAT
BUILDING
• THE SECRETARIAT BUILDING WAS DESIGNED BY
ARCHITECT HERBERT BAKER IN INDO-SARCENIC
REVIVAL ARCHITECTURE.
• MUCH OF THE BUILDING IS IN CLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURAL STYLE, YET IT
INCORPORATED MUGHAL AND RAJASTHANI
ARCHITECTURE STYLE AND MOTIFS IN ITS
ARCHITECTURE.
• THESE ARE VISIBLE IN THE USE OF JALI.
• ANOTHER FEATURE OF THE BUILDING IS A DOME-LIKE
STRUCTURE KNOWN AS THE CHATRI.
• THE STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE USED IN SECRETARIAT
BUILDING IS UNIQUE TO RAISINA HILL. IN FRONT OF
THE MAIN GATES ON BUILDINGS ARE THE FOUR
"DOMINION COLUMNS", GIVEN BY CANADA,
AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND SOUTH AFRICA.
THESE LINEAR BUILDINGS HAVE A LARGE CENTRAL
RECESSED SPACE WHICH LEADS ONE INSIDE THE
CENTRAL ENTRANCE INTO THE SPACE BELOW THE
MASSIVE DOME.

THERE ARE PROTRUDING ARMS ON EITHER SIDES

WITH MASSIVE COLONNADED PORTICOS TO CREATE
A VERY FORMAL COMPOSITION.
1. THE NORTH & THE SOUTH BLOCKS ARE
MIRROR IMAGES OF EACH OTHER,
DESIGNED BY BAKER.
2. THE FACADE IS PLAIN, COMPOSED OF
SANDSTONE CLAD WALLS WITH RED
SANDSTONE BEING USED ON THE
GROUND FLOOR WALLS AND YELLOW
SANDSTONE ON THE UPPER FLOORS.
YE
LL
OW
3. THE RED SANDSTONE PORTION TENDS SA
TO ANCHOR THE WHOLE BUILDING ON A ND
ST
SOLID BASE. ON
E
4. IN CONTINUATION WITH THE VICEROY
HOUSE, THESE BUILDING ALSO USED
CREAM AND RED DHOLPUR SANDSTONE
FROM RAJASTHAN WITH THE RED
SANDSTONE FORMING THE BASE.
RED D
HOLPU
R STO
NE
1. BOTH THE IDENTICAL BUILDING HAVE FOUR
LEVELS, EACH WITH ABOUT 1,000 ROOMS, THE
NORTH AND SOUTH BLOCKS WERE MADE SPACIOUS
ENOUGH TO HOUSE THE MANY DEPARTMENTS AND
THEN LEAVE SOME MORE IN THE INNER
COURTYARDS TO MAKE SPACE FOR FUTURE
EXPANSIONS.
2. THE BUILDING WAS THE DESIGNED FROM TWO
SQUARES. THEY HAVE BROAD CORRIDORS
BETWEEN DIFFERENT WINGS AND WIDE STAIRWAY
TO THE FOUR FLOORS AND EACH BUILDING IS
TOPPED BY A GIANT DOME, WHILE EACH WINGS
AND WITH COLONNADED BALCONY.
3. MUCH OF THE BUILDING IS IN COLONIAL
ARCHITECTURAL STYLE, YET IT INCORPORATION
FROM MUGHAL AND RAJASTHANI ARCHITECTURE
STYLE.
4. ANOTHER FEATURE OF THE BUILDING IS A DOME –
LIKE STRUCTURE KNOWN AS THE CHATRI A DESIGN
UNIQUE TO INDIA.
INDO SARACENIC CHARACTERISTICS INCRPORATED
•SECRETARIAT BUILDING
•RASHTRAPATHI BHAWAN
• CHHAJJAS ARE STONE SLABS WHICH ARE FIXED BELOW THE ROOF OF A BUILDING AND ARE DESIGNED FOR THE
PURPOSES OF PREVENTING THE SUNRAYS FROM FALLING ON THE WINDOWS AND PROTECTING THE WALLS FROM
THE RAINS IN THE MONSOON.
• CHHATRIS ADORN THE ROOFTOPS OF THE BUILDING AND MAKE AN EXCEPTION TO THE HORIZONTAL LINE
THROUGH THEIR ELEVATED POSITIONS.

CHHATRIS

JAALIS
CHAJJAS

• JAALIS, LIKE CHHAJJAS AND CHHATRIS, ARE ALSO OF TYPICAL INDIAN DESIGNS WHICH
ADD BEAUTY TO THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN. JAALIS ARE THE
• THE ANCILLARY STONE SLABS CONTAINING LOTS OF PERFORATIONS WHICH ARE DESIGNED WITH
DOME-LIKE STRUCTURE DELICATE FLORAL AND GEOMETRIC PATTERNS.
ON TOP OF THE • LUTYENS VERY CAREFULLY USED CHHAJJAS, CHHATRIS AND JAALIS AND SKILLFULLY
HARNESSED THE UTILITY OF THESE DESIGNS BY DEPLOYING THEM AT APPROPRIATE
BUILDING IS KNOWN AS
PLACES.
A CHATTRI, AN INTEGRAL
• IN FEW OF THE JAALIS THAT ARE INSTALLED IN THE RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN, LUTYENS
PART OF INDIAN
ALSO BLENDED EUROPEAN STYLES TO FURTHER ENHANCE THEIR AESTHETICS AND
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN.
PARLIAMENT HOUSE, DELHI
 1. PARLIAMENT HOUSE OR SANSAD
BHAVAN IS ONE OF THE MOST
IMPRESSIVE BUILDINGS IN DELHI.
2. LOCATED AT THE END OF SANSAD
MARG THE PARLIAMENT BUILDING

G
WAS DESIGNED BY BRITISH

MAR
ARCHITECT EDWIN LUTYENS AND

D
HERBERT BAKER.

A
NS
3. THIS ICONIC BUILDING WAS

S A
INAUGURATED IN 1972 BY LORD
IRWIN, THE THEN
GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA
 PARLIAMENT HOUSE IN ITS FINAL FORM WAS
BAKER'S CONCEPTION, AN ODD CIRCULAR FORM
IN A PREDOMINANTLY ORTHOGONAL PLANNING
SCHEME. IN SPITE OF THE DIFFICULTY OF CITING
A CIRCULAR BUILDING IN THE URBAN PLAN,
BAKER CREATION IS NOT WITHOUT
ARCHITECTURAL MERIT, WITH AN IMPOSING
EXTERIOR COLONNADE AND AN INTERIOR
THREE-POINTED PLAN WITH A CENTRAL, DOMED
SPACE.
• THE PARLIAMENT HOUS WAS DESIGNED
BY EDWIN LUTYENS AND HERBERT BAKER.

• IT WAS BUILT WITH INDIGENOUS MATERIALS AND

BY INDIAN LABOUR AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF
THE BUILDING BEARS A CLOSE IMPRINT OF THE
INDIAN TRADITION.

• THE LAYOUT OF FOUNTAINS BOTH INSIDE AND

OUTSIDE THE BUILDING, THE USE OF INDIAN
SYMBOLS, THE "CHHAJJAS” AND THE VARIED
FORMS OF "JALI" IN MARBLE ARE REMINDERS OF
THE STORY OF THE CRAFTSMANSHIP DISPLAYED
IN ANCIENT MONUMENTS AND MEMORIALS.
 174 M THE SHAPE IS CIRCULAR, WHICH IS BASED ON THE
ASHOKA CHAKRA.

THE BUILDING IS SURROUNDED BY LARGE

GARDENS AND THE PERIMETER IS FENCED OFF BY
SANDSTONE RAILINGS (JALI) MODELED AFTER THE
GREAT STUPA OF SANCHI.
GARDEN
BASIC GEOMETRY OF THE LAYOUT IS A CIRCULAR
THREE-POINTED PLAN WITH A CENTRAL, DOMED
CHAMBER SPACE.
CHAMBER
THE PARLIAMENT HOUSE COMPRISES OF A
CENTRAL HALL WHICH IS CIRCULAR IN SHAPE AND
98 FEET IN DIAMETER.
GARDEN
GARDEN THE BUILDING HOUSES THE LOK SABHA, RAJYA
SABHA AND A LIBRARY HALL.

IN BETWEEN THESE THREE CHAMBERS LIES A

CHAMBER
GARDEN

IT HAS A DIAMETER OF APPROXIMATELY 174 M.

THE CENTRAL HALL OF THE PARLIAMENT
HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO BE CIRCULAR IN
SHAPED THE DOME IS 98 FT (29.87
METERS) IN DIAMETER AND IS BELIEVED
THAT IS ONE OF THE MOST MAGNIFICENT
DOMES IN THE WORLD.

THE CENTRAL HALL IS A PLACE OF

HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE IN INDIA FOR
TWO REASON. THE TRANSFER OF
COLONIAL POWER TO THE PROVISIONAL
GOVERNMENT UNDER NEHRU IN 1957 AND
THE FRAMING OF THE CONSTITUTION BY
THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY TOOK PLACE
IN THIS VERY HALL.

ORIGINALLY , THE CENTRAL HALL WAS

USED AS THE LIBRARY OF THE ERSTWHILE
CENTRAL LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY AND THE
COUNCIL OF STATES UNTIL 1946, WHEN IT
WAS CONVERTED AND REFURNISHED INTO
THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY HALL.
COMMON
FEATURES
THICK BAND

http://www.hindustantimes.com/The-Budget-s-journey-through-Parliament/Article1-1056
JALIS 413.aspx

BUDDHIST DOME
THICK BAND

JALIS

http://monuments-in-india.blogspot.in/2009/12/rashtrapati-bhavan.html

BUDDHIST DOME

THICK BAND

JALIS

http://www.indiansecretsrevealed.com/secratariat-building-trip/
ADORNED WITH AN OPEN VERANDAH WITH 144
COLUMNS AND A 28 M CENTRAL DOME
ALL-INDIA WAR MEMORIAL ARCH
 ABOUT 2.3 KM FROM THE
RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN, IT IS
LOCATED ON THE EASTERN
EXTREMITY OF THE CEREMONIAL
BOULEVARD, RAJPATH. INDIA
GATE IS A WAR MEMORIAL
DEDICATED TO HONOR THE
SOLDIERS OF THE UNDIVIDED
INDIAN ARMY WHO DIED
DURING WORLD WAR I
BETWEEN 1914 AND 1921.
TYPE : WAR MEMORIAL

CONSTRUCTION STARTED : 10 FEBRUARY, 1921

CONSTRUCTION COMPLETED : FEBRUARY 12, 1931

WHERE IS IT LOCATED : NEW DELHI, INDIA

WHY WAS IT BUILT : MEMORIAL TO UNDIVIDED INDIAN

ARMY SOLDIERS WHO DIED DURING WORLD WAR I

DIMENSIONS : 42 M IN HEIGHT; 9.1M IN WIDTH; THE

COMPLEX IS 625M IN DIAMETERS AND 306,000 M² IN AREA

MATERIALS USED : YELLOW AND RED SANDSTONE AND

GRANITE( FROM BHARATHPUR)

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE : TRIUMPHAL ARCH(CENOTAPH)

DESIGNER : SIR EDWIN LUTYENS

STRUCTURE: STRUCTURE STANDS ON A LOW BASE AND

RISES IN ASYMMETRICAL STEPS CROWNED WITH A
SHALLOW DOME AT THE TOP
1. THE GATE IS BUILD AS A SPECIAL MEMORANDUM FOR
ALL THE SOLDIERS WHO BELONGS TO INDIAN ARMY AND
TO ALL THOSE WHO WHO HAVE GIVES THEIR LIVES
LIGHTING FOR THE PROTECTION OF THEIR COUNTRY.
2. IT IS CONSIDERED THAT APPROXIMATELY 90,000 AND
MORE SOLDIERS NAMES HAVE BEEN ENCRYPTED OVER
THE WALLS OF INDIA GATES WHICH IS A SPECIAL THING IN
ITSELF.
3. THE EXPLICIT INDIA GATE ARCHITECTURE EXPLAINS YOU
THAT THERE IS A HUGE PATH WHICH IS ALSO KNOWN BY
THE NAME OF RAJ PATH AT THE END OF WHICH IS
CONSTRUCTED A 42 METERS HIGH INDIA GATE THAT WAS
PREVIOUSLY KNOWN BY THE NAME OF ALL INDIA WAR
MEMORIAL.
4. THE DESIGNING OF INDIA GATE WAS DONE BY FAMOUS
ARCHITECT SIR EDWIN LUTYEN. STANDING BEHIND THE
GATE IS AN EMPTY CANOPY MADE OUT OF SANDSTONE,
ALSO DESIGNED BY LUTYEN AND INSPIRED BY A SIXTH –
CENTURY PAVILION FROM MAHABALIPURAM.
5. IT IS MASSIVE, AT 30' WIDE AND NEARLY 140' HIGH
6. THE TALL CANOPY OR CHATTRI SEEN THROUGH THE ARCH
USED TO PROTECT THE STATUE OF GEORGE V, AND
ACCENTUATE ITS HEIGHT.
7. BETWEEN THE ARCH AND THE CANOPY IS A LATER
ADDITION TO THE AREA, A BLACK MARBLE CENOTAPH ON
A PLATFORM, DEDICATED TO THE "IMMORTAL WARRIOR,"