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WEB BASED 3D GARMENT SIMULATION: A FUTURISTIC APPROACH TO E-

SAMPLING

Conference Paper · February 2013

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3194.5041

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WEB BASED 3D GARMENT SIMULATION: A FUTURISTIC APPROACH
TO E-SAMPLING
Manoj Kumar Paras
Asst. Professor, Deptt. of Fashion Technology,NIFT, Jodhpur, Email: manoj.kr.paras@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: This paper extensively reviews the
probable and possible scope of web based 3D
Garment Simulation. Using this technology, a fashion
Industry can reduce time and cost of multiple
iterations of garment sampling. In general, sampling
is very tedious, time consuming & Costly process
because most of time money is wasted in making
samples and re-correcting them as per buyer
comments. By application of above technology,
Garment manufactures will not follow iterative
methods for sampling by making physical samples for
correct fit at various stage of sampling. Fitting and
drape of 3D virtual garment can be checked on
virtual dummy (Avatar). Motion can also be given to
this dummy to check stress on different part of
garment during motion/movement of body. This
function will be very helpful in defining and
correcting the garment fit which otherwise can be
only felt by live model.
Web based Simulation will give an extra edge to the
Buyer to see and comment on the virtual sample sent
by manufacturer. Concerned Designer/Garment
1. INTRODUCTION
One of the oldest industries which fulfill the basic
needs of humans is the garment industry. Garment
industry contributes a high percentage in the
country’s total revenue. But still there are many
challenges that the garment industry has to face in
future. The main areas of concern are:
Technologist can login to the particular website from
remote location or office to see & evaluate virtual
samples. Comments/Correction will be reached to
Product Development/Merchandising Team at
manufacturer end on Real time. Hence rectified
virtual pattern can be send back to the buyer
immediately for approval. Beside this web based 3D
Garment Simulation Software will easy & cheap to
use than currently available window based. This can
be accessed from multiple locations after validation
of Login details. Hence separate installation of
software at Manufacturer/Buyer end can be avoided
and thus it will be a saving for both partners. Cloud
computing will further enhance this technology.
Moreover this frame work will try to integrate 3D
Garment simulation with CAD system. Finally Web
Based/Online 3D Simulation will be revolutionary
approach over conventional tedious/ iterative
Garment sampling Process.
Key words – Online Sampling, Web Based 3D
Simulation, CAD, Garment Sampling
Cost saving
Quality Fabric
saving
Garment
industry
concern
Communica Product
tion developme
nt
Figure 1: Areas of concern for garment industry 1
Due to high competition & decentralized
manufacturing many of the garment industries are
looking forward to the software solutions provided by
various companies so as to streamline the processes
& to overcome some of the challenges mentioned
above as fast as possible.
“Garment industry is labor intensive, raw material
intensive, capital intensive, product intensive,
inventory intensive and with just one exception i.e.
profit margins, which are non-intensive.”2
This industry is highly dependent on the skill of the
pattern master, pattern grader, cutting master, sewing
operators, finishing operators etc.
The garmenting process can be divided into various
stages such as Merchandising, cutting, sewing,
finishing & packing. It can be stated that if garment is
correct in terms of fit, style, color, design & drape at
the product development stage then there are less
chances of error at the later stage. 3 So Merchandising
is most crucial stage of garment industry. More over
if automation is done this stage then are very less
chances of error. There is a need to atomize the
merchandising/Product Development process because
of various reasons. 4 First is that buyers are at far of
places so if a merchandiser sends sample it takes a
long time to get back the sample after approval/
recommendations. More over it involves cost & time.
After every variation or correction pattern master has
to make the pattern again & again to see the results.
Moreover now a day’s fashion is changing at a very
fast pace so quick response is the main key factor for
success. An agile automation system will allow
responding quickly to rapidly changing market
conditions.5
Technology adoption is mostly used by garment
industrialists to have a competitive edge over their
competitors by cost cutting & increasing profit.6 By
software such as CAD, the pattern can be made
easily and correction can be done as many times as
possible. Smartmark can be used to get the most
efficient marker in a few minutes. E-fit or virtual
prototyping can be used to drape garment on model
on the screen & animation helps to see fit & drape.7
2. WEB BASED 3D GARMENT SIMULATION:
2.1 CAD
CAD system was invented in 1970 by CAMSCO.
Lectra entered in the field of garment CAD from
1980s. After this Gerber technology purchased
CAMSCO CAD. 8 By the end of 1993 many vendors
were having automatic spreader, automatic marker
making. The technique of making marker &
arranging the pattern pieces efficiently in 30-45 sec
was developed in this era. 9
Sometimes, pattern is prepared manually then
digitized with digitizer and then graded with CAD.
Then marker is prepared with the help of marker
making software and plotter. This involves the
development of pattern manually & the marker with
the help of different marker making software i.e.
Tukamark, Modaris. 10
In garment manufacturing process there are various
tasks that are performed repetitively. So many
industries are offering software which performs these
tasks quickly & efficiently. 11
Hence pattern development, grading & marker
making is done completely with the help of CAD,
Smart mark or other software. Considering the
complexity involved with different fabrics and
silhouettes, a CAD system makes it easier & faster. A
mistake anywhere down the line in the prototyping or
cutting process becomes very difficult and often
impossible to rectify. So a CAD system deskills some
of the processes involved in mass manufacturing,
namely the preproduction processes so that perfectly
cut parts can be fed to the operators. Additionally, the
fabric saved in bulk cutting while using a CAD
12
system is enormous.
2.2 3D Simulation System/e-fit:
The first applications of cloth simulation in the field
of computer graphics started in 1987. This was
simple simulation of rectangular cloth like flag
draping. However first garment simulation was
started in 1990 with consideration of many
technologies. This was the first virtual simulation of
garment in which fabric is sewed around a model.13
“In this a pattern maker can create a virtual sample
garment to verify the fit of their patterns. Moreover,
by emailing a digital apparel sample, designers can
visualize a garment’s design and fit within days of
submitting technical specifications.” 14
e-fit Simulator software creates a digital sample of
the garment, draped on a 3D virtual fit model, using
the latest in cloth simulation technology with a digital
(CAD) pattern and a set of fabric values (such as
stretch, weight, etc). 15
Many samples can be created in much less time than
it would take to sew and deliver a real garment.
Virtual fitting allows user to see the effect of
alterations immediately on the screen without
actually making the garments.16
Using 3D draping the digital pattern is wrapped onto
the model, and an appropriate movement is applied to
test the fit. Any fit issues are immediately apparent.
The pattern can be adjusted, the garment is then re-
draped to view in the e-fit Simulator, and the file can
be forwarded to supply chain partners. 17
2.3 3D Body scanning:
Concept of mass customization in mass production is
one of the tools for delighting the customers. It
provides a competitive strategy to many
manufacturers. Meanwhile it also reduces inventory
cost and overstock problems. A designed garment
that fits requires lot of information about human
body. An automatic body measurement system is a
basic need for maximizing customer satisfaction. 3D
body scanning involves the scanning of human body
& recording the data automatically. It utilizes the
technique of acquiring body data and provides
accurate body measurements which were not possible
with conventional system. From scanned data a body
form/model can be constructed. This body can be
treated as digital model of body for garment design.
Now data can be utilized for product development.
The Scanning technology and its software has
provided apparel manufacturers a tool to make
customized garments.18
2.4 The Virtual Try-On:
Garment designing and innovation will be incomplete
without customer satisfaction. In this technology
customers are free to choose the garment of their
preference & they can try on 3 D mannequins which
are according to their body measurements. With this
they can move the body in different postures and feel
the effect on fit & drape of the garment. This
technology is composed of two components first is
web server and other is client application. Web server
is having two databases one is keeping all the details
of the mannequins while the other is keeping details
of available garments with its measurements. When
clients request for the mannequins, then particular
size model will be downloaded on the client systems.

Then garment is designed with design tools and

exported into garment database. This web client
application provides body/garment sizing module &
the real time garment simulation module.
Body/garment sizing module changes 3D
mannequins according to the client’s body
measurement. After this animation take care of real
time simulation of garments.19

Figure 2: Architecture of virtual try-on

application2

2.5 Web Based 3D Garment Simulation increase the process. The concept of web based 3D
simulation is an integration of different technology in
There is need to realize the benefits of using
web based environment i.e CAD, 3D Simulation
technology because one time investment will lead to
System. Following will be benefit of the above
great profits in future. Product development
proposed technology:
constitutes a major portion of the total lead time. This
is because at this buyers approval is very important at Manufacture:
each point. So merchandiser needs to send samples
after every stage. This takes a substantial amount of E-Sampling: Sampling will be completely on the

time. By using the advanced technology the patterns web based technology. Hence Merchandiser, Cad

can be sent directly via computers and fit/drape can Technician can work from remote location by login

be seen by the use of 3D simulation/e-fit. With the in on web.

increasing convergence of technologies, CAD has

Reduction in Cost/Lead Time: with the elimination
evolved into an integrated environment that drives
of physical sample requirement, Cost and Time can
the entire industry. No longer serving just design or
be saved. This will help early start of
production functions within the industry, CAD is
Sourcing/Production. Hence overall process will be
becoming an integral part of the industry. Moreover
improved.
availability of technology on web will further
Tracking: Tracking of different style for sample will E-sample will reached within a seconds hence the
be much easy. All data of a style will be available on complete process will be simplified.
web. This will help to monitor these styles by DMM
Tracking: Tracking of different style for sample will
& others seniors.
be much easy. All data of a style will be available on
web. This will help to monitor these styles easily.
Web Buyer Login for E-
ERP/
Based 3D Sample Integration of above technology with ERP/PLM will
PLM
further improve the process. Enterprise resource
Simulation View/Comments
planning will allow more data/information sharing to
System
3D Web Based Simulation system. Application of
Cloud computing will bring more easiness in above
Manufacturer login
system.
to Amend/Load E-
samples
Figure 3: Architecture of 3D Web based 3. CONCLUSION:
Simulation
IT intervention has bring out significant profits in
terms of fabric saving & time reduction. Now a day’s
Buyer/Buying house:
Most of the garment manufacturers are adopting
E-Sampling: E-Samples will help Buyer’s Garment software use for different purposes of product
technologist to check sample in his own system. Even development and marker making. The concept of E-
if they are away from office they can see samples by Sampling/3D web based simulation will be
log in on web and give comments on particular revolutionary steps. Dramatically this concept will
sample. change the process of garment sampling. In the future
also intervention of IT in different process of garment
Reduction in Cost/Lead Time: Time required for
manufacturing will increase.
Buyers or Buying house will be relatively less to
review E-sample than Physical sample. Commented

4. REFERENCES

 Tukatech website: http://www.tukatech.com/  4- An integrated simulation platform for the

Tukatech Your Fashion Business validation of a novel garment manufacturing
Concerns.htm system by Dott. Ing. Marco Principi

 2-ERP in aipparel industry by P.Ganesan,  5- An integrated simulation platform for the

fibre2fahion.com validation of a novel garment manufacturing
system by Dott. Ing. Marco Principi page:
 3-Body Scanning and Modeling for custom 24
fit garment, By B.Xu, Y.Huang & T.Chen
  6- Technology Adoption of Indian garment
manufacturing firms by Venu Varukolu
B.Tech., Osmania University, 2003 August,
2007, pg-8
 8- The Comparison of the Manual and CAD
Systems for Pattern Making, Grading and
 9,10, 11- Patternmaking: Past to Present,
By Dr. Kim Anderson
 12- DP241,CAD: A comparative study by
Shilpa Sarwate,2004-06, GMT, NIFT, Delhi
 13, 14-tukatech website,
http://www.tukatech.com/products/efit
 15- From Early Virtual Garment Simulation
to Interactive Fashion Design Pascal
VOLINO, Frederic CORDIER, Nadia
MAGNENAT-THALMANN MIRALab
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Ondogan, Cetin Erdogan in Fibres &
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