“The Reasons behind disintegration of Pakistan & the

role of Sheikh Mujib towards the emergence of

Bangladesh.”

Name – Sabina Khan

Course - Emergence of Bangladesh Course

Title - HIS103
Section - 22
Submitted to - Marzan Bintey Kamal

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 Table of contents

No Topic Pg No

1 Introduction 3

2 Bangabandhu and the emergence of 3

Bangladesh

3 The role of the 1969-70 election 4

campaign in forging a national identity

4 Awami League 4-5

5 Historical 7th March Speech 5

6 Bangladesh’s declaration of 6
independence

7 Conclusion 6

8 References 7

Introduction
The deterioration of Pakistan and the introduction of another sovereign state, Bangladesh, was one of the
awful accidents of 1971 throughout the entire existence of the political world. The introduction of
Bangladesh was 'novel as in it arose out of a fruitful public freedom development pursued against inward

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imperialism. In 1947, the British left India and Pakistan was made as a free state followed the Indian
Independent Act, 1947 passed in the British Parliament. The new country. Pakistan was made out of two
wings, West Pakistan, at that point focused round· Karachi, and East Pakistan (presently Bangladesh)
focused round Dhaka. Since 1947 East Pakistan had spent her 25 years with the association of· Pakistan.
However, inside this 25 years there was no new extreme change in the monetary existence of the mass of
the occupants of East Pakistan. Ii1 the expressions of Just Fallana and J.R. Parkinson; their lifestyle is still
much as it was a century or even two back. The Bengali financial specialists named this period as a period
of monetary misuse, truth be told, a second pilgrim time after British. The monetary development that had
occurred in Pakistan, really profited West Pakistan at the expense of East Pakistan which turned out to be
step by step more unfortunate during the time spent turn of events. At the end of the day, west Pakistan
walked ·two ventures forward while East Pakistan walked two stages in reverse during the 25 years of
Pakistani 23 pioneer rule.
In August 1947, the British chose to end their 200-year long guideline in the Indian subcontinent and to
partition it into two separate countries, Muslim-lion's share Pakistan and Hindu-greater part India. India
and Pakistan got autonomy from British announcement 1947. Pakistan was framed for the Muslims and
India had a lion's share of Hindus. Pakistan had two sections, East and West, which were isolated by
around 1,000 miles. Individuals' Republic of Bangladesh was essentially the eastern a piece of the region
of Bengal. The Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 was for freedom from Pakistan.

Bangabandhu and the emergence of Bangladesh

The arising feeling of uniqueness between the people groups of East and West Pakistan didn't
consequently develop into a feeling of public personality in light of the fact that the Bangalis of Pakistan
actually considered themselves Pakistani. It required a significant political exertion to weave together
ideas of separateness inside the awareness of Bangalis into a feeling of nationhood.Whilst notable political
figures, for example, HS Suhrawardy, Sher-e-Bangla Fazlul Haq and Moulana Bhashani all assumed a
vanguard part in the political battles of the individuals of Bangladesh, the reactant demonstration of
political business to manufacture a feeling of nationhood was given by Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur
Rahman. A urgent constraint was the hesitance of Pakistan's decision tip top to give up their capacity. In
this way, the six focuses were dismissed not simply by the imperious system of Field Marshall Ayub Khan
yet in addition by the political resistance of West Pakistan who were important for its decision class.
Consequently endeavors to smother activation related with the six focuses were coordinated to a great
extent at Bangalis. Bangabandhu and the vast majority of the Awami Alliance central leadership were
captured and kept in prison for a very long time. It took a mass uprising in the two wings of Pakistan,
coming full circle in the destruction of Ayub Khan in Walk 1969, to get the arrival of Bangabandhu and
his associates. Ayub Khan's renunciation constrained him to hand capacity to General Yahya Khan. Yahya
Khan apparently looked for convenience by promising public decisions. Despite the fact that Pakistan was
administered by military law, Bangabandhu was certain he could win a mind-boggling order to outline
another constitution. He accepted that discretionary help would convince the military junta that
smothering the widespread interest of individuals would endanger the very establishments of the Pakistan
state. This ended up being a prophetic presumption by Bangabandhu.

The role of the 1969-70 election campaign in forging a national identity

Building a mind-boggling command for the six focuses requested complete help from the individuals of
Bangladesh. To construct this solidarity, Bangabandhu's center message to convince Bangalis turned into

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that in addition to the fact that they were discrete in their social, political and monetary life from Pakistan,
however they were one individuals who should cast a ballot together to broadcast the option to live
independently. Mass solidarity requested an attention on personality legislative issues and an ability to
extend this into the awareness of each resident in Bangladesh. It was adequately not to depend on the
metropolitan, taught center class.The key message, embodied in a political banner set up by Awami
Association laborers in each town in Bangladesh, Purba Bangla Shashon ordered in basic language the
measurements of divergence among East and West Pakistan. The job of the Awami Association as a
gathering in conveying Bangabandhu's message into each family of Bangladesh ought not to be
underemphasized. Tajuddin Ahmad, General Secretary of the Awami Alliance, and other key figures and
devoted laborers gave enormous scope party association and committed work which should be perceived.
Bangabandhu guaranteed overpowering help from electors for Awami Class applicants by rising above his
gathering to turn into a public symbol who spoke to the desires of all Bangalis. The appointment of
December 1970 brought about the Awami Alliance winning 167 out of 169 seats challenged from
Bangladesh with 75% of the vote.

Awami League

Sheik Mujibur Rahman abbreviated as Sheik Mujib or just Mujib, was a Bangladeshi government official
and legislator who is well known as the "Father Of The Nation" which is Bangladesh. He turned out to be
politically dynamic when he joined the All India Muslim Understudies Alliance in 1940. He joined the
Bengal Muslim Association in 1943. During this period,he turned out effectively for the Association's
reason for a different Muslim province of Pakistan, and in 1946 he proceeded to become general secretary
of the Islamia Understudies Association. M. Bhaskaran Nair depicts that Mujib "arose as the most
influential man in the gathering" due to his closeness to Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy. After the Segment
of India, Mujib decided to remain in the recently made Pakistan. On his re-visitation of what got known
as East Pakistan, he joined up with the College of Dhaka to consider law and established the East
Pakistan Muslim Understudies' Class. He got quite possibly the most conspicuous understudy political
pioneers in the territory. During these years, Mujib built up a liking for communism as the answer for
mass destitution, joblessness, and helpless everyday environments.

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 Historical 7th March Speech
On March 26, the Pakistani forces caught Sheik Mujibur Rahman. On the undefined day, he denoted an
official assertion for the opportunity of Bangladesh. M. A. Hannan, an Awami bunch pioneer, is affirmed
to have been the basic individual to examine and report the Revelation of Freedom over the radio.Political
events pushed toward a pinnacle. The fight between the Pakistan Armed force and as such the Bengali
political protesters, the Mukti Bahini, began. The most elevated purpose of the Mukti Bahini was General
Muhammad Osmani. The Mukti Bahini were readied like guerillas. India offered shelter to the evacuees
and arranged the Mukti Bahini. India furthermore helped with ammunition and its own champions. They
attacked the Pakistani outfitted power. During the planning season of the Mukti Bahini, the Pakistani
Armed force upheld Razakars, the Bengalis who fail to require Bangladesh to transform into a free
country, to cover the defiance. The Pakistani Armed force stood up to issues because the tempest
came.This helped Mukti Bahini considering the way that they may counter the moves of the Pakistanis.
India expected a stacked with life work. Indira Gandhi mentioned air and ground attacks. India, having
common stuff and powers, mounted a three-pronged improvement on Dhaka from the Indian region West
Bengal, Assam, and Tripura. The Indian contenders, Flying corps, and Naval force squashed the Pakistani
outfitted power, while the Bangladeshi Naval force helped India.On the last, three social events of Mukti
Bahini and Indian forces struggled the Pakistanis. The Pakistanis endeavored to fight back, yet didn't
evade them. On December sixteenth, 1971, Dhaka tumbled to the Mitro Bahini, the a-list forces of the
Mukti Bahini and in this manner the Indian equipped power. An "Instrument of Give up" was embraced
by the vanquished Pakistani General Niazi and by the Indian manager General Aurora at 16:31 Indian
time.This is the methods by which Bangladesh got liberated and self-sufficient. December16th is seen
because the independent day in Bangladesh, while Walk 26 is seen considering the way that the July 4.
With power, Bangladesh is progressing all around viewpoints.

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 Bangladesh’s declaration of independence

By March 25, 1971, Bangladesh was a sovereign state in the psyches of its residents. Bangabandhu's
declaration of freedom on Walk 26, because of the military attacks requested by Yahya Khan, was a
juridical demonstration perceiving a true and genuine position.

The post-freedom banter over who announced autonomy of Bangladesh is to a great extent immaterial. It
is undeniable that Bangladeshis attested their autonomy during Walk 1971. Around then, the one
individual with the believability to proclaim freedom in the lawful sense was Bangabandhu.

Any nearby affirmations of autonomy must be acknowledged as proxy follows up for his sake. It is just in
the politically isolated Bangladesh of today that a dreamlike political discussion could endure over who
pronounced autonomy

Conclusion
From the dispatch of the Six Guide Program in 1966 toward the characterizing two-year time span from
Walk 1969 to 1971, Bangabandhu assumed a predominant part in the battle for self-rule. He was
supported by the commitment of partners in the Awami Group, just as by other mainstream political
powers, also people outside politics. All these powers were united and kept by Bangabandhu to guarantee
that any division among the Bangalis couldn't be utilized to divert from requests for self-rule for
Bangladesh. Bangabandhu assumed the basic job in regulating the developing feeling of separateness
among East and West Pakistan by introducing the notable Six Point Program in 1966. The six focuses
mirrored a conventional acknowledgment that just through devolution of political force and authority over
financial assets could the two regions of Pakistan want to get by inside a solitary country state.

References
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3599&context=theses

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https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40021

https://www.dawn.com/news/1392750

https://www.efsas.org/publications/research-dossiers/1971-liberation-war,-birth-of-bangladesh-and-
comparison-with-present-day-pakistan/