ASSIGNMENT

Submitted By:
Md. Abdullah Al Mamun
Roll:19221053
Section: A
Finance & Banking-04

Submitted To:
Md. Mozahidul Islam
Professor,Department Of History
Jahangirnagar University

[School]
[Course title]
BANGLADESH IN 1960's
Ayub Khan upheld the Convention Muslim League.
Officialy Bangladesh is known as the People's Republic of Bangladesh. It's an autonomous
country situated in South Asia which is arranged at the apex of the Bay of Bengal and is
circumscribed by Myanmar and India, and isolated from Bhutan and Nepal by the slender
Siliguri Corridor

At present Bangladesh turned out as a sovereign nation in 1971 in the wake of splitting without
end and picking up freedom from Pakistan in the Bangladesh freedom war. Its initial history was
described by inner battling, a progression of Indian domains, and a fight among Buddhism and
Hinduism for predominance. The fringes of present day Bangladesh were shaped after the
segment of India and Bengal in August 1947, when the zone turned out to be East Pakistan as a
segment of the recently settled State of Pakistan following the Radcliff Line. The name
Bangladesh was at first composed as two words, Bangla Desh. Bangla is a watchword for both
the Bengali language and the Bengal district. The definite starting point of the term is, be that
as it may, not known. Underneath, a portion of the key occasions in 1960's of Bangladesh have
been clarified in a word.

In 60's century the financial and social condition had agreat contrast from today. On that time
the populace Bangladesh were close to 70 million. As this was time after dividation of two
nation that India and Pakistan, there was likewise two sections of Pakistan called East Pakistan
and West Pakistan yet the matter of distress that two sections of Pakistan had nothing more
than a bad memory connection and the West Pakistan tourchuring on Bengalis, that is the
reason there was not well codition of socio economy of Bangladesh. Yet, on that time the time
estimation of cash was practically nothing. I got notification from the individual man that on
that time they purchased 1kg rice just at .50 paisa which is above 100% lower from today.
In 1960 to 69, the cyclone assaulted on Bnagladesh for 7 time. In 1965 violent wind assaulted in
our nation for twice in May and December. Just in 1965 , over 1200 individuals are kicked the
bucket and around 60 thousand individuals were straightforwardly influenced by the cyclone.
In February,1960, Ayub Khan was chosen as President for a five-year term by his supposed
80,000 chose 'Essential Democrats' and same year In April Lt. General Azam Khan had been
designated as legislative head of East Pakistan. Following the burden of military law all through
Pakistan on 7 October 1958, Bangabandhu was captured on 11 October and involved in one
case after another. Discharged following fourteen months, he was re-captured at the
correctional facility entryway. He was liberated in 1961 after he had documented a writ request
before the East Pakistan High Court. On 6 February 1962, he was captured again under Public
Sequirity Act yet discharged on 2 June. He ventured out to Lahore in September and helped his
pioneer Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy in the arrangement of the National Democratic Front, a
coalition of ideological groups restricted to the Ayub Khan routine. Ayub Khan lifted the military
law. The BDs chose the National Assembly as indicated by Ayub Khan's orders. He lifted the
restriction from ideological groups, Sheik Mujib was liberated. Pakistan Muslim League had
been part in to two gatherings – Council and Convention
Suhrawardy's demise in Beirut on 5 December 1963, Sheik Mujib restored the Awami League in
January 1964. It was a move which unmistakably shown his craving to shape the gathering
along the lines he thought would transform it into a voice of the Bengali masses. He battled all
over East Pakistan to find support for Miss Fatima Jinnah at the forthcoming presidential
decision. He was captured by the routine fourteen days before the race however later liberated
by request of the High Court. In 1964, Combined Opposition Parties (COP) of Pakistan had been
framed and selected Miss Fatima Jinnah (sister of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, famously called her
"the Mother of the Nation") as the hopeful in Presidential Election against Ayub Khan for the
expected race of January 1965. COP raised their 9 points requests including 'reclamation of
direct races', 'grown-up establishment', 'democratization the Constitution of 1962.

When it was 1965, Sheik Mujibar Rahman had been accused by the legislature of dissidence and
putting forth shocking expressions, he got one year prison term by the court, he was discharged
later on a request of the High Court. In same year on Jamuary, Ayub Khan turned into the
President again for the second term by crushing Fatima Jinnah.On August-September, the
second war began among India and the Pakistan over the fringe issue of Kashmir. Be that as it
may, right off the bat it was the concealed clash and the Pakistan specialist concealed away it
from the general population. In September, Ayub Khan uncovered it openly by powers into
Jammu and Kashmir to encourage a revolt against Indian guideline. India struck back by
propelling a full-scale military assault on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused a huge
number of setbacks on the two sides and saw the biggest commitment of shielded vehicles and
the biggest tank fight since World War II.In December, Ayub Khan offered Nurul Amin to be the
Vice President of Pakistan. Nurul Amin then raised the requests to shape local self-governance
for East Pakistan, expanded establishment, and to end the dissimilarity between 2 regions,
including decent amounts of outside trade.

SIX POINT MOVEMENT

In February 1966,Sheikh Mujibar Rahman Sheik Mujibur Rahman was chosen the gathering
President. The Awami League under the administration of Sheik Mujib, reported the Six Point
program of territorial self-rule at a gathering of Pakistan's restriction parties in Lahore.The Six-
point Program alongside a proposition of development for the acknowledgment of the requests
was put before the gathering of the working advisory group of Awami League on 21 February
1966, and the proposition was completed consistently. A booklet on the Six-point Program with
presentation from Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur Rahman and Tajuddin Ahmad was distributed.
Another booklet titled Amader Banchar Dabi: 6-dafa Karmasuchi was distributed for the sake of
Sheik Mujibur Rahman, and was dispersed in the board meeting of Awami League hung on 18
March 1966.

The six are noted as being:

1. The Constitution ought to accommodate a Federation of Pakistan in its actual sense

dependent on the Lahore Resolution, and the parliamentary type of government with
matchless quality of a Legislature specifically chose based on all inclusive grown-up
establishment.

2. The government should manage just two subjects: Defense and Foreign Affairs, and all
other remaining subjects ought to be vested in the unifying states.
3. Two independent, yet uninhibitedly convertible monetary standards for two wings
ought to be presented; or if this isn't plausible, there ought to be one money for the entire
nation, yet viable established arrangements ought to be acquainted with prevent the trip of
capital from East to West Pakistan. Moreover, a different Banking Reserve ought to be set up
and separate financial and money related arrangement be embraced for East Pakistan.

4. The intensity of tax assessment and income accumulation ought to be vested in the
unifying units and the government focus would have no such power. The alliance would be
qualified for an offer in the state assessments to meet its uses.

5. There ought to be two separate records for the outside trade income of the two wings;
the remote trade necessities of the government ought to be met by the two wings similarly or
in a proportion to be settled; indigenous items should move free of obligation between the two
wings, and the constitution ought to engage the units to build up exchange joins with remote
nations.

6. East Pakistan ought to have a different military or paramilitary power, and Navy home
office ought to be in East Pakistan.
President Ayub Khan in 24th March,1966 burst out on those 'six points requests', they trusted
them as secessionist requests – the West Pakistani foundation and their military routine
couldn't get those as the requests of equity and respect of the East Pakistanis. Or maybe they
assessed it as the trick of India and the Hindus of East Pakistan. Be that as it may, the East
Pakistanis couldn't get his discussion of depending on weapons and common war, they made a
decision about it gravely and practically all East Pakistanis hated his talks.Government of
Pakistanlost its understanding with Mujibur Rahman. GOP captured him on 18 April, discharged
on safeguard, re-captured on another charge lastly again discharged on safeguard. On 26th
April,the left wing National Awami Party (NAP – Bhasani) gave extensive help, they conceded
that Sheik Mujib's Six Points Program for further self-rule. December in 1967 the charge of
fruitless upset death plot against Ayub Khan.The Ayub government designed a peculiar claim
against a similarly modest number of Bengali government employees, ex-military officers,
military officers and lawmakers, who mutually intended to kill President Ayub Khan amid his
ongoing visit to East Pakistan. Not just that they additionally requested that after the death,
they would dismiss the Government with a rebellion went for setting up a free state in East
Pakistan. As indicated by their creation, they thwarted the scheme and along these lines
captured somewhere in the range of 50 and 60 Bengalis. In 1968,Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
captured again on the charge of the Agartala Conspiracy Case.

This case turned the suppositions of the Bengalis of the East Pakistan against separation of the
ruler class, they began to trust that the foundation of West Pakistan and their military routine
would keep proceeding with the misuse of the East Pakistanis in all fronts, they didn't pay any
respect to the Bengalis and by snare or law breaker, the West Pakistanis would commanded
and kept the state control in their grasp to suck East Pakistanis not surprisingly. In 1968,August,
The preliminary of the supposed Conspirators in East Pakistan demolished the picture of the
GOP. The GOP created the denounced 36 lawmakers, Bengali CSP Officers, armed force/ex-
armed force Offices in the Trial, however it moved toward becoming sham when the indictment
witness separated in the court and stated that he had been tormented and compromised with
death by military officers who wished him to affirm dishonestly against the asserted
conspirators.In November, The financial report which distributed in that time uncovered the
difference between two regions that augments, not decrease. Thus, the "Six Points" requests of
AL got profound established status among the East Pakistanis once more

In 1969,January-February, the entire Pakistan, viciousness had been broken out between
individuals exhibiting against Ayub Khan's military law routine and the police.To reestablishing
harmony, the 'Agartala Conspiracy Case' had been rejected and Sheik Mujib had been
discharged by the GOP.

11 Point Movement

Amid the time of 1968 to 1969 the counter Ayub mass development in East Pakistanreached its
pinnacle. The energy of the development was backed off as the AwamiLeague chiefs got
captured for their job in the mass development. In this circumstancestudents took the authority
of the development. Understudies' inclusion turned the massmovement to mass upsurge. At
the joint activity of Chhatra League, Chhatra Union(Matia and Menon gathering) and Dhaka
University Central Students Union (DUCSU),student pioneers sat together at DUCSU office on 5
January 1969 and formrd a unitedfront known as Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad (All
Party Student's ActionCommittee) under the administration of Tofael Ahmed, the then Vice
President of DUCSU.Chhatra Sangram Parishad called for mass upsurge dependent on their 11
points demand.This 11 points program caused motivation among understudies as well as
among masspeople for the development. The 11 request of the understudies likewise
incorporated the sixpoints of Bangabandhu. Other critical requests incorporated the expansion
of educationalfacilities after the withdrawal of famous DU Ordinance, the right to speak freely,
individualfreedom, opportunity of the press, nationalization of huge enterprises, reasonable
pay for laborers,right to frame worker's guild, flood control and appropriate utilization of water
assets, withdrawal ofacts for declaration of time limitation, crisis and other oppressive
measures, unbiasedforeign approach, quick arrival of pioneers and activists
In 1969 "The Mass Uprising'' East Pakistan was a popularity based political development in
Bangladesh. The uprising comprised of a progression of mass exhibitions and sporadic clashes
between government military and the demonstrators.
In spite of the fact that the distress started in 1966 with the Six point development of Awami
League, it got force toward the start of 1969 and finished in the renunciation of Ayub Khan, the
main military leader of Pakistan. The uprising additionally prompted the withdrawal of Agartala
Conspiracy Case and vindication of Sheik Mujibur Rahman and his associates from the case.In
Dhaka, police started shooting at a parade against the standard of Ayub Khan, Asad (an
understudy chief) and a secondary school understudy Matiur Rahman had been killed. It made
feelings of hatred among the Bengali, offered ascend to the Mass Uprising of 1969 (gono-
abhyuththaan) in East Pakistan. On February, The Army slaughtered Sergeant Zahurul Haq, one
of the 35 denounced in the Agartala Conspiracy Case, while he was in the military care at the
Dhaka Cantonment. This occurrence touched off in the mass uprising in East Pakistan as well.
On twentieth February,according to the CIA's report, the prominence of Ayub khan was just
about 'zero'. His ideological group, the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) - never turned into a
compelling association, it seemed to have the for all intents and purposes fallen and they (CIA)
began to trust that Pakistan remained on the brink.Sheikh Mujib raised his requests again to set
up the full provincial Autonomy in the round table meeting to make the Federation effective in
the East Pakistan in March 13. In March 24,General Yahya Khan caught the power by a
concealed rebellion in which Yahya constrained Ayub Khan to hand over his forces and leave.
General Yahya Khan quickly forced the military law in Pakistan. On the 31st of March, he
proclaimed himself as the President of Pakistan.In April 11,1969, Roy Fox's chatted with Sheik
Mujibur Rahman on the issue of independence of East Pakistan. Mujib asked to understand the
interest of the Bengali by the West Pakistani foundation and military routine to make the
legitimizations between the two wings. He demanded that he would in any case need to remain
in one Pakistan, however the West Pakistani foundation and military routine couldn't
understand it. Indeed, even they endeavored to ruin the circumstance by making false
promulgation against the Bengali heads of East Pakistan.In November, The Bengali charged the
GOP that it did nothing to attempt to limit the uniqueness between the two territories, which
were progressively countered by secretly communicated West Pakistan sees that the
insufficiencies on the East Pakistani side assumed the more prominent job in hampering
advancement - the constantly ominous climate, wasteful aspects in people in general segment,
nonappearance of a sufficient enterprising class, absence of financial specialists intrigue, and so
on. Along these lines, the disdain of the Bengalis over purportedly lacking GOP intrigue
conflicted with West Pakistan sentiments that Bengali requests were unreasonable.In
November 28, Yahya announced through his location to the country that general decision
would be held in 1970. In December 5,at an exchange meeting, Sheik Mujib proclaimed that
starting now and into the foreseeable future the East Pakistan would be called Bangla Desh. He
included: "Sometime in the past all endeavors were made to delete the word 'Bangla' from this
land and its guide. The presence of the word 'Bangla' was discovered no place with the
exception of in the term 'Cove of Bengal'. I, in the interest of Pakistan, report today that this
land will be called 'Bangla Desh' rather than 'East Pakistan'." In December 8,From each side of
the East Pakistan, Sheik Mujib's interest to rename East Wing as Bangla Desh had been hailed.
Among them, Chief of NAP, Maulana Abdul hamid Khan Bhasani bolstered this interest as
certified. He named that the name of East Pakistan was persuasively forced on the Bengali
country."