The direction of the magnetic field around bar magnetic is from the North Pole to the South Pole.

When we change the polarity of magnetic poles, the magnetic compass needle automatically
align against the direction of magnetic field. The magnetic field lines are generating from the
north poles and terminate at the South Pole.

The behavior of electromagnetic is similar to bar magnetic. The left side of electromagnetic act
as a south pole because north poles of the compass needle are attracted toward electrometric and
right side act as a north pole. When we applied AC to the electromagnet its magnetic field
direction is continuously changing after every half cycle. At Dc supply, the direction remains the
same.

The main difference between bar magnetic and electromagnetic is that the bar magnetic has a
permanent magnetic field and electromagnetic has a temporary magnetic field. And when we
applied current to any conductor coil it behaves as magnetic which is known as electromagnetic.
If we switched off the power supply the electromagnetic loses its magnetic property. This means
that electromagnetic is a temporary magnet.

The electromagnetic has variables characteristic are the direction of the magnetic field is
continuously changing at Ac supply. And similarly, its magnetic field is shifting from maximum
to zero and again zero to maximum. Other characteristics of electromagnetic are that its polarity
can be changed by changing the direction of the current. And electromagnetic loosed its
magnetic property when we cut off the power supply and magnetic field of electromagnetic
returned to zero.

As from simulation we observed that the magnetic field strength is stronger near the bar
magnetic and when we moved away from the bar magnet the strength of the magnetic field is
decreasing. This can be observed by that field lines are spreading away from each other at a large
distance. Quantitatively the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the distance from bar
magnetic or from electromagnetic so the magnetic field is decreased when we move further away
from magnetic.
As we know that magnetic field is very strong as compared to the gravitational field. A magnetic
field applied forces on particles in the form of magnetic force and charge carries of magnetic
force are photons. The magnetic force is repulsive as well as attractive. On the other hand, the
gravitational field is always attractive and acts on an object in the form of gravitational force. but
the gravitational field is very week and we can’t observe directly. The magnetic field is very
strong and we can observe directly when two magnets are close to each other.

The magnetic force is a short-range force and its strength is decreased with the distance as
compared to the gravitational force. The gravitational force is a long-range force and acts at
infinite distances. All phenomena on earth happen due to gravity for example motion of planets,
free-fall motion of the object toward earth due to gravity.

For the gravity experiment, we can consider two balls in the laboratory, having different masses
and we can measure their masses with measuring balance. The distance between them can be
measured by using a meter scale. The gravitational force of attraction due to gravity can be
calculated using the newton gravitational law. The gravitational force always acts in the pairs