Frederick A.

Bettelheim
William H. Brown
Mary K. Campbell
Shawn O. Farrell
www.cengage.com/chemistry/bettelheim

Chapter 23
Enzymes:
Amino Acid Sequencing

William H. Brown • Beloit College

Ikatan peptida
Analisis aa dari peptida

PEPTIDE BOND

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Ikatan Peptida

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Ikatan Peptida
• Peptides adalah polimer linier terdiri dari 8 – 4000 aa.
• Dipeptida, tripeptida, tetrapeptida, oligopeptida
• Polipeptida: BM 10.000
• Protein: BM jutaan

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Ikatan Peptida
• Ada berapa kemungkinan molekul peptida?
• Jika ada 20 aa esensial, maka ada :

AA1 AA2

20 x 20 = 400 variasi molekul dipeptida

AA1 AA2 AA3

20 x 20 X 20 = 8000 variasi molekul tripeptida

Jika protein terdiri dari misal 100 aa maka
akan ada kemungkinan:
20100  1.27 x10130
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Ikatan Peptida: convention

Gly Lys Phe

H2N- -COOH
end Peptide bonds
end
Glycyllysylphenylalanyl

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Tetra peptide Ala-Tyr-Asp-Gly or AYDG

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Analisis AA dari Peptida
• Peptida dihidrolisis
• Reflux protein/peptida dengan
• asam (mis: H2SO4 ) atau
• basa (mis. Ba(OH)2) atau
• Enzyme
• Analisis aa dengan chromatography.
• Aa tidak berwarna jadi dibutuhkan ninhidrin.
• Rf value spesifik dan dapat dicek.

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Enzyme Catalysis
Enzyme: A biological catalyst.
• With the exception of some RNAs that catalyze their own self-
cleavage, all enzymes are proteins.
• Enzymes can increase the rate of a reaction by a factor of 109 to
1020 over an uncatalyzed reaction.
• Some catalyze the reaction of only one compound.
( NH )C=O + H O urease
2 2 2NH + CO
3 2
Urea
• Others are stereoselective; for example, enzymes that catalyze the
reactions of only L-amino acids.
• Others catalyze reactions of specific types of compounds or
bonds; for example, trypsin catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bonds
formed by the carboxyl groups of Lys and Arg.

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Enzyme Catalysis
Figure 23.1 Trypsin catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide
bonds formed by the carboxyl group of lysine and
arginine.

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Akibat Zwitterion - Isoelektrik
• pKa untuk aa spesifik
• pH diatur pada pI untuk tiap aa
• spesifik,
• jadi dapat digunakan untuk mengenali aa tertentu.
• Pemisahan berdasarkan isoelectric point dan pengaruh
muatan listriknya pada pH tertentu dinamakan electrophoresis.

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