Year 10 Biology Research Task

Background Information
DNA molecules are structured such that it can be easily replicated. The sequence of bases along a segment of DNA is
called a gene. Genes are the instructions used to make specific proteins. Proteins are the building blocks of living
things and determine our traits, like hair colour, nose shape and the ability to taste certain chemicals.

The understanding of how each cell uses DNA to make the proteins that determine traits is used as a basis for
understanding current genetic technology. Humans have been modifying the traits of plants and domestic animals
through selective breeding since agriculture began. Since the discovery of DNA, technologies have been developed
whereby DNA can be altered within living organisms.

Task Overview
There are two parts to this task. You must complete both parts.

Part 1
The process of copying specific genes occurs within the cell’s nucleus and is called transcription. The process of using
these copies to make a protein is called translation and it occurs outside the nucleus.

Explain the processes of transcription and translation within a cell using the diagram below and the following
keywords: DNA, mRNA, tRNA, ribosome

You may use the table provided in the digital template

Part 2
Research one of the following topics and use it as a context to respond to the following statement:

“Genetic Engineering is one of the most important developments in human history. Controversy and ethical concerns
aside, the ability to manipulate the very genetic code of organisms is a very powerful tool.”

Topics:
 CRISPR gene editing
 mRNA vaccines

As part of your research, you will need to:

 Provide a description of the technique and how it works, including any relevant diagrams
 Provide information on both the ethical issues and useful applications of the technology (at least 3 points for
each side)
 Use your research to draw your own conclusions and respond to the statement above
 Submit your research through SEQTA, including a Harvard-style reference list

Word Limit: 1000 (excluding reference list)

Marks Mark
Criteria
available awarded
1 Explanation of Transcription and Translation 6
2 Technology Description 3
3 Research on ethical issues and applications 6
4 Evaluating and Analysing – response to statement 3
5 Communicating 2
Final Mark /20