LAB # 05

TO ANALYZE THE SUPERPOSITION THEOREM

OBJECTIVE:
 To understand the concept of superposition theorem.
 To verify superposition theorem using PSPICE.
Abstract:
Superposition theorem states “That the current through, or voltage across, any element
of a network is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced
independently by each source.”
 Superposition theorem is used to analyze the circuits that have two or more than
two sources that are not in series or parallel
 It reveals the effect of each source on a particular quantity of interest.
 For sources of different types (such as dc and ac which affect the parameters of
the network in a different manner), apply a separate analysis for each type with
the total result simply the algebraic sum of results.
 When removing a voltage source from a network schematic, replace it with a
direct connection (short circuit) of zero ohms. Any internal resistance associated
with the source must remain in the network.
 Setting a current source to zero amperes is like replacing it with an open circuit.
Therefore, when removing a current source from a network schematic, replace it
by an open circuit of infinite ohms. Any internal resistance associated with the
source must remain in the network.

 Since the effect of each source will be determined independently, the number of
networks to be analyzed will equal the number of sources.
 Superposition cannot be applied to power effects because the power is related to
the square of the voltage across a resistor or the current through a resistor. The
squared term results in a nonlinear (a curve, not a straight line) relationship
between the power and the determining current or voltage.

Superposition Theorem:
Superposition theorem states “That the current through, or voltage across, any
element of a network is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced
independently by each source.”
Procedure steps:
 Press CTRL+G and type V dc for dc voltage source, r for resistor and Idc
for dc current source.
 Connect the circuit according to the circuit diagram.
 Give each component proper value as shown in the circuit diagram.
 To use voltage source set I dc =0A, and to use current source set
Vdc=0v.

Task-01
Use the procedure steps mention above design the given circuit in PSPICE and
find the current through 6Ω resistor of the network using just one source at a time. Show
that whether it verify superposition theorem.

Calculation:
Considering the 9A source effect on 6 ohm resistor, shorted the voltage source.
By current diveder rule:
I’=(9*12)/(18)= 6A
Now considering 36 v Vltage source:
I ’’=36/18=2A

As both the currents are in same direction so

I = I ’+I”
 I = 8A

TASK 1:
TASK-02
Use the procedure steps mention above design the given circuit in PSPICE and
find the current through 2Ω resistor of the network using the effect of 12v, 6v and 3A
source.
Circuit Diagram:

Calculation:
Considering 12 v source:
 I1’= 12/6 = 2A
In upward direcion!!
Considering 6v source:
 I1” = 6/6 = 1A
In Downard Direction!!
Considerining 3 A soutce:
 I1”’= (3*4)/6 = 2 A
In Downward Direction!!
Net Current:
 I = 2A-2A+1A = 1 A
In Downward Direction!!
TASK 2:

Conclusion:
In this lab we proved the all famous preposition theorem with the help of PSpice
software.We used one source at a time and left other short or open for observing
individual effects.We also compared our results with written ones, all were same to the
ones Given by PSpice.