Matrik Jurnal

Judul Penelitian Disertasi :

PERAN TRUST SEBAGAI MEDIASI eWOM DAMPAKNYA PADA PRILAKU GIZI SEIMBANG

Judul Artikel Tahun Nama Tujuan Tema Metode Jumlah Pembahasan Kesimpulan/Rekomendasi
Jurnal sampel
Positive and 2018 Internation  service major the effects of Survei Online Two independent eWOM motivations As the world is becoming
negative eWOM al Journal eWOM eWOM platforms such samples (sample were divided into smaller than ever, more and
motivations and of motivations motivations on as MTurk 1: positive hotel positive (self- more companies are dealing
hotel customers’ Hospitalit  negative customers’ provide a diverse service enhancement and with customers from other
eWOM behavior: y encounters eWOM pool of encounter, n = enjoyment, altruism, cultures. Hospitality companies
Does personality Managem independently behavior in the individuals; it is 246; sample 2: and economic are no exception. It will be
matter? ent  eWOM hotel setting. becoming negative hotel incentives) and interesting to see any cultural
motivations popular as a data service negative motivations effects on eWOM motivations
(positive and source for encounter, n = (venting negative or eWOM posting behavior or
negative) consumer 230) were feelings, altruism, and moderating/indirect roles of
 actual eWOM behavioral collected online economic incentives). cultural values in the link
behavior in the research via MTurk Self-enhancement and between eWOM motivations
hotel service (Amazon enjoyment was the and eWOM creation.
setting Mechanical critical predictor of
 the moderating Turk). positive eWOM
role of personality behavior whereas
traits in the link venting and economic
between both incentives were
types of eWOM prominent predictors
motivations and of negative eWOM
actual eWOM behavior.
behavior in the
hotel service
setting.

eWOM effects on 2015 Internation Thus, it is natural intentions,  determine A survey among In terms of the This study offers interesting
hotel booking al Journal that the present attitudes, trust, whether the 800 university overall perception of and relevant results concerning
intentions, attitudes, of study focus on and website (positive and students has the quality of the the influence of social networks
trust, and website Hospitalit Facebook, which is negative) confirmed all the website, respondents on the choice of a hotel. The
perceptions y justified by the fact comments hypotheses of the exposed to positive study examines the influence of
Managem that the platform generated on study on the comments reported comments generated by friends
 ent offers great Facebook influence of significantly higher on the Facebook network on the
opportunities in influence the comments mean ratings in intentions of booking a hotel,
terms of page intention of generated on relation to both the 2- the appreciation of it, the trust
creation (specialized booking a Facebook in the star (F = 10.416, p = . that users have in it, and the
groups, small hotel, its users’ decision- 001) and the 4-star perception of the quality of its
communities, general making process. hotel (F = 13.451, p = website. The results of the
creation of events), appreciation, .001) in comparison experiment demonstrate the
illustration users’ trust in with those exposed to existence of this influence and
(photo/video it, and the negative comments. emphasize the moderator role
albums), and posting perception of These results support of the trust that users have in
opinions or quality of its hypothesis H4 those comments
evaluations website;
(comments, status  assess
sharing). It includes whether these
a number of Web effects are
2.0 features which moderated by
allow the creation of the degree
even more oftrust which
sophisticated users have in
collaboration comments
platforms through generated by
which users share their
information. The Facebook
interest is also friends.
motivated by the
undeniable
popularity of the
platform. Facebook
has become the
world’s most
popular social
network with 1.3
billion monthly
active users
worldwide and 830
million daily active
users
Perceived 2019 Journal of The aim of this Emotions, During the Data was Through experimental Investigating the impact of
helpfulness of Retailing research was to fairness and literature review, collected using a studies it was found emotions on perceived
eWOM: Emotions, and examine how rationality it became convenience that regret has a helpfulness of the review is
fairness and Consumer discrete emotions apparent that sample of UK positive effect on important for marketers.
rationality Services embedded in online differences in consumers aged helpfulness of both Understanding how some
reviews affect results between 18+ via an online product and service emotions can lead to a review
perceived studies might be survey platform reviews, while being perceived as more helpful
helpfulness. caused by as well as paper- frustration has a will aid the development of
Applying variation in based negative effect. It was more effective retail websites,
cognitive appraisal review focus, distribution of also observed that as more helpful online reviews
theory, the study e.g. product the survey. expressed price will be displayed first helping
investigated how reviews (Ahmad A total of 680 fairness mediates the alleviate information overload.
different emotions and Laroche, responses were relationships between Also, knowledge about review
of the same valence, 2015; Kim and received. After emotions and review emotions can help managers to
such as frustration Gupta, 2012) or deletion of helpfulness. improve attitudes towards
and regret, influence seller reviews unusable Investigating the products and brands, and so
consumer judgment (Yin et al., 2014) responses - based impact of emotions on increase sales. This research
(Lerner and Keltner, on eligibility perceived helpfulness advances current understanding
2000). criteria, attention of the review is of the role of emotions in an
check questions, important for information-seeking situation
and engagement marketers. and leads to a richer
- a final test Understanding how understanding of the
sample of 519 some emotions can characteristics that review
remained. lead to a review being readers consider helpful during
perceived as more the decisionmaking process.
helpful will aid the
development of more
effective retail
websites, as more
helpful online reviews
will be displayed first
helping alleviate
information overload.
Also, knowledge
about review
emotions can help
managers to improve
attitudes towards
products and brands,
and so increase sales.
This research
advances current
understanding of the
 role of emotions in an
information-seeking
situation and leads to
a richer understanding
of the characteristics
that review readers
consider helpful
during the
decisionmaking
process
eWOM source 2017 Computers This study examined credibility, whether eWOM Non-probability It reveals that eWOM Furthermore, this study
credibility, in Human the relations perceived risk source purposive has examined that
perceived risk and Behavior between source and food credibility and samples of 300 positively influenced comprehensiveness and the
food product credibility of product perceived risk active on perceived risk by relevance of information are
customer's eWOM (electronic would impact participants were source credibility to most dynamic elements that can
information word of the degree of taken through the extent of impact on online consumers
adoption mouth),perceived information questionnaire information adoption buying behavior. Companies
risk and food adoption through from several and, should manage better strategies
products customer's argument quality regions for this, customers to improve the usability for
information and information of the Republic use eWOM for the online communities, provide all
adoption mediated usefulness of China and reduction of the related information about
by argument quality analyzed the data potential hazards companies, and encouraging
and information through when decision customers to share their
usefulness. structural making. Companies experiences to attract the users.
equation can make their Further study can be focused to
modeling (SEM) marketing strategies explore other factors such as
accordingly. according to their trust inclination, persuasion,
target towards loyal effectiveness and cultural
clients' needs through difference concerning the
online food- product adoption of information and
forums review sites reduce the involvements to
customers' perceived risk.
The power of 2013 Computers this study attempts examination of On RMP, During the data Overall, this study Although online ratings and
eWOM: A re- in Human to push the online student students evaluate collection period supports the notion reviews of professors may be
examination of Behavior discussion to a evaluations their professor s (spring 2009), that eWOM valence inaccurate or unfair, they are
online student deeper level by on three there were a total fully mediates the nevertheless an important factor
evaluations of their illustrating that attributes of 1331 causal relationship to consider when looking at
professors students ’ (easiness, professors listed between perceived course enrollment in higher
evaluations on RMP helpfulness, and as part of the professor quality and education. A number of prior
or similar websites clarity) on a 1- sample students ’ course studies have discussed the
may lead to biased to-5 scale, with 5 university on enrollment, and that impact of RMP on higher
ecision-ma king, being very easy, RMP. Based on this effect is education in general over the
independen t of helpful, and alphabetical moderated by volume. past few years, raising the issue
validity. As clear. order and No known prior study of whether educators and
understood by The website also starting from the has tested these institutions should use students’
Kowai-Bell et al. provides space first professor, effects together. evaluations on RMP as a
(2011) for students to every fifth Therefore, these secondary source of teaching
post written professor was findings will advance improvem ent (e.g., Bowling,
reviews of their systematical ly educators’ and 2008; Davison & Price, 2009;
professors. In selected. This institutions’ general Felton et al., 2004, 2008; Otto
order to sampling method understanding of how et al., 2008; Sonntag et al.,
statistically yielded a sample RMP or similar 2009 ). This study supports
control a size of 266 websites influence Davison and Price (2009)
potential professors, students’ decision-ma conclusion that it is prudent for
confounding covering a total king process with higher-educati on institutions to
variable (course of 236 courses at regard to their course think about testing new
electivity: that time. The selection (as depicted teaching evaluation models
whether a course course in Fig. 3). online to ensure data
is mandatory or enrollment data Incorporating findings are presented in an accurate and
elective) in the (actual from both study 1 and unbiased manner.
data analysis, a enrollment study 2, it is clear that
large southern number and perceived easiness,
university in the maximum helpfulness, and
United States enrollment clarity determine
was selected as number allowed perceived professor
the sample for each course) quality. Higher
university for were collected quality leads to a
which curricular from the sample higher proportio n of
requiremen ts university’s positive reviews,
were known website after the which, in turn,
last date to drop generate s a more
a course. favorable attitude
toward the professor
and a higher
enrollment percentage
for the course taught
by that professor.
This effect, however,
is moderated by the
number of student
 reviews. When the
number of reviews is
larger, relevant
exemplars (either
positive or negative)
of the professor are
easier to retrieve, so
that the valence of
reviews is strengthene
d. In contrast, when
the number of reviews
is smaller, relevant
exemplars are more
difficult to retrieve
and the valence effect
is weakened.
Adolescent's eWOM 2017 Journal of Given this the roles of This study uses Students from The findings suggest The findings of this study
intentions: An Business background, the peers, the consumer Grades 8–12 that normative and should be interpreted in the
investigation into Research present research Internet and socialization completed the informative influence context of
the roles of peers, employs the gender perspective to paper and pen of peers and the study limitations. Though the
the Internet and socialization examine how survey in the Internet have research in consumer
gender framework to age, peers and class. Students significant positive socialization has widely used
understand the Internet usage were association with the survey method to collect
eWOM intentions of influence representative of eWOM. Moreover, data, it may not be able to
adolescents. This teenagers' the teenage these influences also completely cover the
study contributes to eWOM population that is mediate the direct complexity involved in
the existing intentions. fairly active on influence of age and answering various constructs.
literature in three the Internet. A Internet usage on Further research may focus on
ways. First, it majority of the eWOM. Further, the observational techniques and
provides a respondents had potential eWOM experiments to address this
comprehensive and social media behavior of male issue.
integrative profiles, e-mail teenagers is
perspective on accounts, and influenced by the Finally, various examples
eWOM intentions of used instant existing peer norms, (situations) were provided to
adolescents in an messaging whereas for females, participants to measure their
emerging economy applications. All their reliance and general eWOM intentions (to
(India) using the the relevant belief in the create or share information on
consumer ethics approval credibility of online the Internet). But, teenagers'
socialization model, from the information is more eWOM intentions may vary
including specific Institutional critical. The insights with their interests in different
 societal and cultural committee and are valuable for product categories. Thus, we
aspects (e.g., school marketers interested recommend the inclusion of
susceptibility to the authorities were in the powerful and specific product categories
inter-personal obtained before growing teenage (hedonic vs. utilitarian) that can
influence of peers, administering the consumer segment, provide comparable insights
exposure to media, survey. A total of especially in the new into the potential eWOM
and gender). nine-hundred emerging markets. participation of teenagers. Also,
Second, the study and eight the purpose to use the Internet
analyzes the role of students (e.g., academic, entertainment,
traditional (peers) participated in or social) may influence the
and virtual (the the study. After eWOM activities of teenagers,
Internet) removing invalid which can be analyzed in
socialization agents, or incomplete further research.
and provides responses, 797
empirical evidence valid responses
on the relative were obtained
importance and for the final
relevance analysis. The
of these agents. average age of
Third, a majority of students was
consumer 14.8 years and
socialization the sample had
research primarily 42.2% females
examines how
antecedents and
agents directly
influence the
outcomes
The study on 2017 Procedia This study identifies relationship to This qualitative Data collected The study findings
negative eWOM and Computer emerging key consumer’s research from the online include eWOM
its relationship to Science mobile service intention to leverages on community contains multiple and
consumer’s consumption switch Mobile netnography include replies to relevant consumer
intention to switch elements highlighted Service method [17] to the negative behavioural
Mobile Service by consumers in Provider examine a viral, eWOM and contextual elements
Provider discussion thread negative eWOM cross-replies that may be leveraged
revolving a viral, on mobile between upon to understand
negative eWOM product or members within how negative eWOM
through qualitative service and its the discussion influences mobile
method of related thread revolving consumer switching
netnography discussion the negative intentions in
 thread in a telco eWOM between Malaysia.
discussion board 10th March 2016
in a local, to 31st March
popular online 2016 due to its
community highly
forum via the voluminous
netnography attribute. Of the
method. consumer posts
The sampling of in the discussion
the posts thread, 337 posts
surrounding this were identified
negative eWOM as informational
for the study is and on-topic and
described as used as the
purposive sample data for
sampling and the qualitative
this is relevant to analysis in
the study as the NVivo11.
data contains
large volumes of
mobile
consumers
indicating
switching
intentions due to
a negative
eWOM which is
the central idea
of this study
The role of 2019 Journal of This paper the role of Theory of we used a The results show This research contributes to
emotional value for Business investigates these customer Planned purposive emotional value is a understanding eWOM and
reading and giving Research gaps by proposing perceived value Behaviour and sample of central value concept customer perceived value in
eWOM in altruistic and empirically for reading and used a seven- Australians that mediates the altruistic services. The thought-
services testing a model giving positive point semantic recruited through relationship between provoking findings of the
and negative differential the Australian reading eWOM and importance of emotional value
electronic scale. The Red Cross Blood other value as a mediating influence on
word-of-mouth measures Service. The dimensions, whereas reading eWOM, and the
(eWOM) of an included three initial sample altruistic value is importance of altruistic value in
altruistic attitudinal items consisted of 149 shown to be important giving, can motivate
service towards reading current for giving eWOM. researchers to take a more
 positive Australian blood The findings have holistic approach to studying
comments and donors (to theoretical importance eWOM in the future. As
the same three represent current for understanding the altruistic services face
items in consumers of an nature of customer challenges with consumer
response to altruistic service perceived value in recruitment and retention, these
reading negative who can engage altruistic services and findings have important
comments. Items in giving are also useful to implications for practitioners
for emotional eWOM) and 217 managers of altruistic and provide suggestions to
value (Nelson & non-donors (to services seeking to think strategically as to how
Byus, 2002), represent increase eWOM as a managers in altruistic services
functional value potential customer recruitment can understand and better
(Mathwick, consumers of an and retention strategy deploy the influence of eWOM
Malhotra, & altruistic service on consumer behaviour.
Rigdon, 2001), who can read
altruistic value eWOM),
(Mostafa, 2010) resulting in a
and social value total sample of
(Sweeney & 366 which is
Soutar, 2001) above the
were also recommended
adapted from the minimum sample
literature. size of 200 for
Validated items structural models
for measuring with over five
giving eWOM constructs
were adapted
from Goyette et
al. (2010) and
used seven-point
Likert scales
Advancing the 5E's 2016 Journal of The study providing a A purposive A total of 274 The data was assessed The study is not without
in festival Destinatio recognizes the memorable sampling usable using a structural limitations. The results are
experience for the n importance of music festival technique was surveyswere equation model. The driven by a
Gen Y framework in Marketing creating a music experience will used in order to collected. With results reveal that if quantitative case study analysis
the context of & festival experience encourage Gen guarantee an attendance of festival organizers and should therefore be
eWOM Managem that would influence Y attendees to representation approximately craft an overall replicated in the context of
ent attendees’ intentions share their from Gen Y 2000 tourists, the memorable music different music festivals,
to promote the event experience via tourists surveys festival experience destinations, and a larger
and destination via electronic word attending the represented that incorporates the representation of Gen Y
eWOM, thus of mouth event. 13.7% of the 5Es, then Gen Y tourists. Additionally, a
 increasing market (eWOM) for a In other words, total festival attendees are likely to qualitative inquiry may
reach and small island the sample was attendance provide positive expound upon the results of the
decreasing destination purely eWOM for the current research. A qualitative
promotional (SID) and a represented by festival and the inquiry may determine if it is
expenses. music festival Gen Y destination. The the memorable nature of a SID
tourists results address some music festival motivating
immediate industry eWOM from Gen Y tourists, or
concerns of Aruba’s if the eWOM behavior is a
destination managers result of other latent factors.
and festival Another cautionary note is
organizers. offered with regard to long-
versus short-haul tourists. The
study investigated Gen Y
tourists that traveled long
distances to consume an
experiential product. However,
shorthaul tourists might require
different experiences that could
impact the 5Es and the
memorable experience. These
different experiences and the
5Es impact may result in
different eWOM intentions.
New consumer 2014 Internation This study aims to eWOM Hotels Analysis of these The present Measuring eWOM Studies have not yet been
behavior: A review al Journal gather and analyze articles has study has impacts is a recent identified that analyze the
of research on of published articles identified two reviewed articles and highly management of these impacts
eWOM and hotels Hospitalit regarding the main lines of published in the changeable from the company perspective,
y influence of research: last five years issue, due to new i.e. what would be the best way
Managem electronic word- review- (2007–2011) variables related to to manage review impact and
ent ofmouth (eWOM) generating regarding new consumer measure the results? Are the
on the hotel factors (previous electronic word- behavior and online efforts of the company to
industry. factors that of-mouth communication that manage these impacts
cause consumers (eWOM) related constantly introduces effective? How do companies
to write reviews) to the hospitality new interaction evaluate their actions and
and impacts of industry. With forms. These new measure their performance in
eWOM (impacts the objective of forms of terms of results? How can
caused by online reflecting the communication are in client reviews affect the brand
reviews) from majority of a changing image of an individual hotel an
consumer expressions and environmentthrough entire hotel chain?
perspective and variations on this new networks, new Another point to consider
company topic, articles groups, new review would be a comparison of hotel
perspective. were identified websites and new companies in different
that included in social networking destinations and the behavior of
their titles, tools, among others. their clients by nationality.
keywords or These new tools Does eWOM generate different
abstracts terms andmedia allow the impacts on hotels in different
such as eWOM; consumer to destinations? Do clients of the
WOM; online evaluatemore quickly same nationality behave
reviews; and receive a high differently depending on the
UserGenerated volume of destination they choose?
Content (UGC); information, which, in These are some of the issues
Consumer- a way, can reduce the where additional research
Generated risk in the buying possibilities related to eWOM
Content (CGC); process for certain and hotels were observed.
online products and services. Further studies could be useful
recommendation; Due to the not only for a greater
e-satisfaction; e- development ofthese understanding of consumer
complaints; channels and behavior but also for companies
online considering the needs to establish and develop
reputation; of this new behavior, appropriate marketing
online travel new ways to measure strategies.
communities; satisfaction are
online opinions; introduced; including
social media rankings, new scoring
marketing; methods or qualitative
hospitality assessments of
industry and consumers.
hotels Regarding eWOM
impacts, it would also
be interesting to
analyze what
differences exist
between different
nationalities and
cultures, i.e.
differences in impacts
that can be caused by
online
evaluations among
consumers in
 different European
countries or
even between
Americans and
Europeans, among
other possible
comparisons. It is also
worth considering, for
example, that in
countries with less
access to information
technology, the
impact of the use of
these tools is probably
not as significant as in
countries with greater
access.
Understanding the 2018 Electronic This study develops effects of A field study Of the 286 Results reveal a Second, we only introduced
effects of eWOM Commerce a moderated eWOM social was conducted respondents, doubleedge” perceived value as an
social ties on Research mediation model ties via an online 61.9% were moderating role of intermediate variable to explain
purchase intentions: and that incorporates survey to test the female and weak-tie eWOM. the mechanism between eWOM
A moderated Applicatio perceived value to research model 38.1% were Weak-tie eWOM is source and purchase intentions.
mediation ns explain the effects and hypotheses. male. 69.9% of found to positively During the actual purchase
investigation of eWOM social ties We used a the respondents moderate the process, consumer purchase
(strong-tie and snowball ranged in age relationship between intentions can be influenced by
weak-tie eWOM) on sampling from 18 to 30 perceived value and emotional factors, such as
purchase intentions method to invite and 23.1% were purchase intentions, affective response (Hwang et
respondents to aged between 30 while it has a negative al., 2011) and perceived
fill out the and 40. In oderating effect on enjoyment (Parboteeah et al.,
questionnaire. addition, 93.0% therelationship 2009). External cues may
The collection had received at between strong-tie stimulate consumers’ affective
process was least some eWOM and purchase reactions (perceived
conducted in the college intentions. enjoyment), and then
form of a education. 57.7% Furthermore, when subsequently affect the
recalled of respondents weak-tie eWOM is magnitude of impulsive buying.
scenario. At the were university high, there is a Future research should take
beginning of the students, and significant indirect affective factors into
survey, the 36.0% were effect of strong-tie consideration to further
respondents employees in eWOM on urchase supplement what is known in
were asked to enterprises and intentions through the literature
 recall a recent institutions. perceived value,
purchase Moreover, whereas the indirect Third, the field survey of this
decision which 61.9% of the effect becomes non- study was only conducted in the
was triggered by respondents had significant under a Chinese context and the
shared messages a monthly low level of weak-tie majority of respondents were
on SNS. If they disposable eWOM. These from younger groups of people.
had no such income for findings shed light on Our special research context
experience, the spending below the influencing may limit the generalizability of
questionnaire 4000 RMB, and pathways of eWOM our findings. Future research
was defined as monthly social ties on should pay more attention to
invalid. In order disposable consumer purchase data collection issues in terms
to encourage income of intentions, and of their sources and the
appropriate between 2000 provide some multiple cultures that are
respondents to and 4000 RMB implications for represented.
complete the characterized theory and practice in
questionnaire, a 28.3% of the evoking purchase
random red respondents. intentions.
packet, ranging
from 3 RMB to
5 RMB was sent
to each
respondent
The effects of hotel 2019 Internation We treated hotel attribute An online The participants The results show that This study was based on the
attribute al Journal electronic word-of- performance instrument was had to be at least hotel attribute premise that eWOM activities
performance on of mouth (eWOM) developed to 18 years old performance, (i.e., intention, frequency, and
electronic word-of- Hospitalit behavior as a capture the because they previous eWOM thoroughness) and eWOM
mouth (eWOM) y multidimensional effects of hotel were more likely experience, and praise are affected differently
behaviors Managem construct and attribute to make or platform convenience by hotel attribute performance.
ent investigated the performance on influence the are the drivers of The present study produced
salient predictors for the four chosen hotel reservation eWOM behaviors in four findings to add to the
each individual eWOM decision. To test general. eWOM literature. First, eWOM
eWOM behavior in behaviors the validity of Demographics and behavior is a multidimensional
this study, with an (intention, the instrument, a lodging preference do construct. Although some of the
emphasis on hotel frequency, pilot study with not affect eWOM behaviors may be correlated,
attribute thoroughness, 35 participants behaviors. Economic individual behaviors have their
performance. and praise). The was conducted, incentives also have own unique predictors. Second,
instrument has who are regular no effect on eWOM demographics and lodging
three sections. individuals who behaviors, which preference do not predict
The first section had stayed at a suggests that good eWOM behaviors. Contrary to
collected hotel during the reviews cannot be common belief, monetary and
 information previous bought. The non-monetary incentives have
about sixmonth period. performance of core no effects on eWOM. The
respondents’ Revisions based attributes can improve drivers of eWOM behaviors are
demographics, on the pilot test eWOM activities and hotel attribute performance,
lodging were eWOM praise, but the previous eWOM experience,
preferences, incorporated in performance of and platform convenience.
previous eWOM the final facilitating attributes Third, the performance of core
experience, and questionnaire to helps only with attributes is positively and
attitudes toward improve clarity eWOM praise directly related to intention,
incentives and and validity. frequency, and praise, but the
convenience As a result, only performance of facilitating
provided by 252 out of the attributes is directly related to
eWOM 517 observations praise only. Fourth, the
platforms collected were performance of facilitating
retained for attributes can positively affect
analysis. To intention, frequency, and
check non- thoroughness only when the
response bias, performance of core attributes
the incomplete is positive. We also found that
responses were the positive performance of
compared to the facilitating attributes decreases
complete the intention to post eWOM
responses for when the performance of core
demographics, attributes is negative. A
hotel preference, possible explanation could be
and previous that the intended posting is
eWOM negative, and a positive
experience. performance of facilitating
attributes could partially
recover the damage done by a
negative performance of core
attributes.
Examining the 2017 Asia This study aims to Mediating The online In analysing the A total of 280
mediating effect of Pacific investigate the effect of survey was data, an questionnaires were
attitude towards Managem influence of trusting attitude towards hosted by exploratory collected from
electronic words-of ent electronic word-of- electronic SurveyMonkey factor analysis respondents via an
mouth (eWOM) on Review mouth (eWOM) words-of mouth (www.surveymo using principal online survey. The
the relation between sources available (eWOM nkey.com). component findings indicate that
the trust in eWOM online and attitude Links to this analysis with trust in the honesty,
source and intention on intention to questionnaire varimax rotation competence and
to follow eWOM follow eWOM were distributed was done on benevolence of
among Malaysian among travellers in through the each variable. eWOM sources has a
travellers Malaysia social media. By Trust variable significant impact on
distributing the included 18 attitude towards
questionnaires items, attitude eWOM as well as the
online, it directly towards eWOM intention to follow it.
aimed at the and intention to However, the results
targeted samples follow eWOM also indicate that
i.e. Internet contained five attitude partially
users. items mediates the
Furthermore, respectively. relationship between
using online Three factors trust in eWOM source
survey achieved were derived and intention to
faster results and from this follow it. The
proved to be exploratory findings of this study
more effective in factor analysis can have significant
terms of time after the final implications for the
run. These are tourism industry
competence,
honesty and
benevolence.
Meanwhile, the
factor analysis
for attitude
towards eWOM
and intention to
follow eWOM
variables were
performed in one
run with the
unidimensional
factor.
eWOM, revisit 2017 Journal of investigates the revisit Turkey as a Data were Result from structural While this paper has shed some
intention, Hospitalit impact of eWOM on intention, medical obtained from equation modeling (n light on eWOM literature, it has
destination trust and y and intention to revisit destination trust destination has med-tourists in ¼ 240) suggests the some limitations. The nature of
gender Tourism and destination trust, and gender about 32 Istanbul, using a following: (1) that the research design e.g. sample
Managem and the moderating international convenient eWOM influences size, data collection method,
ent role of gender in accredited sampling intention to revisit potentiality of causal inference,
medical tourism hospitals; the technique. This and destination trust; and the absences of
industry country offers sampling (2) that destination experimental control establish
top-notch technique was trust influences causality. The response rate
medical services employed intention to revisit; was somewhat low, which may
in various areas because of (3) that the impact of limit the generalizability of the
e.g., cardiology, subjects’ eWOM on intention model. However, the results
endocrinology, accessibility and to revisit is about 1.3 from a bias-corrected bootstrap
nephrology, proximity to the times higher in men; indicated that sample size was
oncology, researchers. Data (4) that the impact of not a problem. As this research
neurology, obtained were eWOM on destination utilized samples with a single
dermatology, analyzed using trust is about 1.2 country focus, future research
gynecology/obst SPSS and times higher in men; should examine the
etrics, AMOS version and (5) the impact of generalizability of these
orthopedics, hair 21 to estimate destination trust on findings via cross-cultural
transplantation the proposed the intention to revisit studies. A similar model can be
and others structural model. is about 2.3 times tested in other tourism industry
(Skylife, 2011). We initially higher in women. to augment the current finding
Some hospitals contacted the 10 Implications and e.g. geo-tourism, educational
have certified Med- future research tourism and others. Finally, the
partnerships tour hospitals directions are effect of eWOM on destination
with top and discussed. trust and image simultaneously,
American establishment for and behavioral outcomes like
hospitals such as permission to vacation satisfaction, intention
Harvard Medical conduct the to travel and intention to revisit
Center and Johns study. These can be investigated
Hopkins, and are hospitals were
staffed with selected for the
many highly study due to their
skilled, English high
speaking, and participating in
western trained medical tourism
doctor (Foreign and high number
Economic of Med-tourist
Relation Board, participation.
2012; Four out of ten
Organization of agreed and
Medical granted
Tourism, 2015) permission to
conduct the
study. We then
proceed by
sending 100
questionnaires to
each of the 4
participating
hospitals
together with
cover letter
detailing the
purpose of the
study, assurance
of anonymity,
confidentiality
and return
envelope for
each respondent
the participating
hospitals; 350
questionnaires
were initially
returned
accounting for
87.5% response
rate. However,
after careful
screening using
the five inclusion
criteria of: (1) 18
years of age or
older; (2) fluent
in English and/or
Turkish; (3)
foreign
nationals; (4) A
member of any
online
community; (5)
read or post
online reviews,
we have 240
final useable
sample. The
 screening was
done to allow the
selection of med-
tourists who
have used online
reviews to make
travel decisions
following
Abubakar and
Ilkan (2016)’s
procedures. All
data were
collected in total
of 8 weeks
PENGARUH 2018 Jurnal Penelitian ini eWOM, Teknik Sampel yang Berdasarkan hasil 1. Electronic word of mouth
ELECTRONIC Ilmiah bertujuan untuk Keputusan, pengambilan digunakan dalam analisis HLM, berpengaruh signifikan
WORD OF Mahasisw mengukur pengaruh kepercayaan sampel yang penelitian ini mengindikasikan terhadap keterlibatan keputusan
MOUTH a Ekonomi Electronic Word of digunakan dalam adalah bahwa Electronic pembelian.
TERHADAP Manajeme Mouth terhadap penelitian inj mahasiswa Word of Mouth 2. Electronic word of mouth
KETERLIBATAN n Keterlibatan adalah purposive Universitas berpengaruh positif berpengaruh signifikan
KEPUTUSAN Keputusan sampling. Syiah Kuala terhadap Keterlibatan terhadap kepercayaan.
PEMBELIAN DAN Pembelian dengan yang mangakses Keputusan 3. Kepercayaan berpengaruh
KEPERCAYAAN Kepercayaan aplikasi Shopee Pembelian, Electronic signifikan terhadap keterlibatan
SEBAGAI sebagai variabel yang berjumlah word of mouth keputusan pembelian.
PEMEDIASI PADA mediasi pada 204 responden. berpengaruh positif 4. Kepercayaan memediasi
KONSUMEN konsumen Shopee di terhadap secara parsial pengaruh
SHOPEE DI Universitas Syiah Kepercayaan, electronic word of mouth
UNIVERSITAS Kuala. S Kepercayaan terhadap keterlibatan keputusan
SYIAH KUALA berpengaruh positif pembelian
terhadap Keterlibatan
Keputusan
Pembelian, dan
Kepercayaan
memediasi hubungan
Electronic Word of
Mouth terhadap
Keterlibatan
Keputusan
Pembelian.
PERAN 2020 Jurnal Penelitian yang Kepercayaan Jenis penelitian Jumlah sampel Hasil penelitian Adanya pengaruh e-WOM
KEPERCAYAAN Ilmu dilakukan memiliki dan eWOM yang digunakan yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa negatif terhadap kepercayaan
SEBAGAI Manajeme tujuan untuk adalah penelitian dalam penelitian e-WOM negatif konsumen JD.id. Kepercayaan
MEDIASI n (JIM). mengkaji dan kausal dengan adalah sebanyak berpengaruh memiliki pengaruh pada niat
PENGARUH E- Universita mengulas pengaruh pendekatan 200 responden signifikan terhadap beli pada e-commerce JD.id. E-
WOM NEGATIF s Negeri dari e-WOM negatif kuantitatif. yang pernah kepercayaan. WOM negatif memiliki
TERHADAP NIAT Surabaya terhadap Teknik melihat Kepercayaan pengaruh terhadap niat beli
BELI PADA E- kepercayaan yang pengumpulan komentar di memiliki pengaruh pada konsumen JD.id. Pada
COMMERCE dimiliki oleh data Instagram JD.id yang signifikan penelitian ini memiliki
JD.ID konsumen, pengaruh menggunakan namun belum terhadap niat beberapa keterbatasan yakni
dari kepercayaan snowball pernah membeli. penelitian terkait eWOM
konsumen terhadap sampling. melakukan E-WOM negatif negatif hanya dilakukan kepada
niat beli serta Teknik analisis pembelian mempengaruhi niat pengguna media sosial
pengaruh e-WOM yang digunakan produk di JD.id. membeli Instagram, Selain itu, penelitian
negatif terhadap niat adalah analisis yang dilakukan hanya
untuk melakukan jalur dengan menggunakan platform belanja
pembelian pada program AMOS. online yaitu e-commerce. Pada
ecommerce JD.id. penelitian ini, besar pengaruh e-
WOM negatif dan kepercayaan
terhadap niat beli sebesar
29,3% dan sebesar 70,3%
disebabkan oleh variabel lain,
sehingga variabel independen
yang digunakan kurang
memiliki kontribusi terhadap
variabel dependen. Berdasarkan
penjelasan terkait keterbatasan
penelitian tersebut, terdapat
beberapa saran bagi penelitian
selanjutnya yaitu menggunakan
e-WOM negatif pada media
sosial lainnya seperti twitter,
facebook, blog maupun grup
komunitas online lainnya.
Penelitian selanjutnya juga
dapat dilakukan di berbagai
bidang lainnya yakni kuliner,
fashion, dan beauty. Penelitian
selanjutnya dapat menggunakan
variabel lain yang dapat
memiliki pengaruh terhadap
 niat beli seperti brand image,
perceived risk, serta perceived
ease of use.
Pengaruh e-Wom 2015 Petra eWOM, Brand Penelitian ini Jenis penelitian populasi untuk Berdasarkan hasil eWOM terbukti berpengaruh
Terhadap Brand Business Image, Brand Trust bertujuan untuk yang dilakukan penelitian ini analisa data yang terhadap Brand Image.
Image dan Brand & menganalisis adalah penelitian adalah didapat, eWOM eWOM terbukti berpengaruh
Trust dan Managem pengaruh kuantitatif masyarakat di berpengaruh terhadap terhadap Brand Trust.
Dampaknya ent eWOM bersifat kausal. Surabaya yang brand image, brand Brand Trust terbukti
Terhadap Minat Beli Review terhadap brand Yang berarti berusia minimal trust dan minat beli, berpengaruh terhadap minat
Smartphone di image, brand bahwa penelitian 17 tahun dengan brand image beli Smartphone di Surabaya
Surabaya trust dan minat menggunakan pertimbangan berpengaruh terhadap Brand Image terbukti
beli smartphone angka – angka pada usia brand trust dan minat berpengaruh terhadap minat
dan analisis tersebut beli dan brand trust beli Smartphone di Surabaya
menggunakan seseorang berpengaruh terhadap eWOM terbukti berpengaruh
statistik dan diasumsikan minat beli. terhadap minat beli Smartphone
dilakukan untuk dapat menjawab di Surabaya
menentukan serangkaian Brand Image terbukti
hubungan sebab pertanyaan yang berpengaruh terhadap Brand
akibat dari suatu diajukan penulis. Trust
fenomena yang Jumlah sampel
terjadi yakni yang penulis
dalam penelitian tentukan
ini digunakan menggunakan
untuk teori yang
mengetahui dikembangkan
pengaruh brand oleh Isaac dan
image, electronic Michael, yaitu
word of mouth, untuk penentuan
dan brand trust jumlah sampel
terhadap minat dari populasi
beli smartphone yang tidak
di Surabaya. terbatas dengan
tingkat kesalahan
5% ialah 249
sampel.
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