Types KBCH 120, 130, 140

Differential Protection for

Transformers and Generators

T&D
Energy Automation & Information
Types KBCH 120, 130, 140
Differential Protection for Transformers and Generators
Introduction
The KBCH relay provides a package of functions primarily for the protection
of transformers and generator transformers but may also be applied to
protect reactors and generators. As a part of the K-range of relays, the
KBCH can be integrated into an overall protection and control system by
utilising its integral serial communications facility.
Features
• Fully numerical design
• Biased differential protection
• Restricted earth fault protection
• Overfluxing protection
• Integral CT ratio and vector
group compensation
• Remote transformer tap control
• Measurement of phase,
differential and bias currents
• Record of fault current
magnitudes for the last fault
• Relay flag details for the
previous 5 faults
• 8 programmable optically
isolated inputs to monitor the
status of external plant
• IEC870-5 compatible
communications via K-Bus
• Integral disturbance recorder
accessible from a remote PC
• Integral event recorder
accessible from a remote PC
• Comprehensive self-checking and
alarms
Models Available
• KBCH120
offers 2 bias inputs per phase
for the protection of a two-
winding power transformer.
• KBCH130
offers 3 bias inputs per phase
for the protection of a three-
winding power transformer or a
two-winding power transformer
with 2 sets of CTs on one
winding.
• KBCH140
offers 4 bias inputs per phase
for all applications requiring up
to 4 bias circuits.
All models are available with either
1A or 5A inputs on the primary
and secondary side. Alternatively
the KBCH 120 and 140 can be
provided with 1A CTs on the high
voltage windings and 5A CTs on
the low voltage windings.
Models are available with menus
written in English, French, German
or Spanish.
Application
Type KBCH relays offer biased
differential current, restricted earth
fault and overfluxing protections
primarily for the protection of two
or three winding power
transformers, auto transformers or
generator-transformer units.
The KBCH is also suitable for other
applications where biased
differential protection is
appropriate
(eg. generators, reactors and
motors).
2
Figure 1 KBCH relay withdrawn from case
All models are three phase units
with internal vector group
compensation and line current
transformer ratio correction, thus
eliminating the need for interposing
transformers in most cases.
Up to four biased current inputs per
phase can be provided to cater for
power transformers with more than
two windings and/or more than
one circuit breaker controlling each
winding, as in mesh or one-and-a-
half circuit-breaker busbar
arrangements. Versions are
available that can accommodate a
mixture of 1A (HV) and 5A (LV)
CTs.
Typical applications are shown in
Figures 7, 8 and 9.
In addition to the biased differential
protection, restricted earth fault
protection has been included to
cover a larger percentage of the
transformer windings. Figure 10
shows some typical restricted earth
fault applications. The differential
protection has been designed to
restrain when the transformer is
overfluxed so that an instantaneous
trip is not issued for transient
overfluxing. Since a transformer
cannot withstand a severe
overfluxing condition indefinitely,
time delayed overfluxing protection
and an alarm stage has been
incorporated.
Contacts that monitor the status of
external plant, such as Buchholz
protection and temperature
measuring devices, can be
connected to any of the eight
control inputs that are available.
Each input can be routed to any
number of the output relays via a
variable time delay if required.
The functions of each of the
auxiliary inputs can be recorded on
the table situated on the relay
frontplate.
This allows the indication on the
relay, which flags the operation of
the timers associated with these
inputs (AUX0, AUX1 etc.) to be
readily interpreted.
Functions
Biased differential element
Each relay, contains a biased
differential element per phase with
a characteristic as shown in Figure
2. The minimum differential current
required for operation is adjustable
between 10% and 50% of rated
current. The KBCH has a dual slope
bias characteristic (Figure 2).
The initial slope of 20%, from zero
to rated current, ensures sensitivity
to faults whilst allowing for up to
15% mismatch when the power
transformer is at the limit of its tap
range,
in addition to current transformer
ratio errors. At currents above
rated, extra errors may be
gradually introduced as a result of
CT saturation. The bias slope is
therefore increased to 80% to
compensate for this.
A magnetising inrush element and a
selectable overfluxing element are
included. These are used to inhibit
the relay and prevent unwanted
tripping under these conditions.
The use of the traditional second
harmonic restraint technique, to
block the relay during inrush
conditions, may result in a
significant slowing of the relay
during heavy internal faults. This is
due to the presence of second
harmonics as a result of saturation
of the line current transformers.
To overcome this, the KBCH uses a
waveform recognition technique.
3
Figure 2 2
Operate
Differential current (xIn) = pe
Biased slo Restrain
I1 + I2 + I 3 + I 4 0%
differential 8
characteristic
1
able
Allow o error
20% r
ati
slope
Setting range 20%
0.1 - 0.5In
0 1 2 3 4
Effective Bias (xIn) = |I1| + |I2| + |I3| + |I4|
2
Figure 3
A
Typical
magnetising
inrush
B
waveforms
C
The current waveform associated In applications where heavy internal
with magnetising inrush is earth fault levels can occur and
characterised by a period of each where a high stabilising resistor
cycle where its magnitude is very setting is used, a voltage limiting,
small, as shown in Figure 3. By non-linear resistor may be required.
measuring the time of this period of
Overfluxing alarm and
low current, an inrush condition can
tripping protection
be identified.
Overfluxing restraint is conditioned A single phase-phase connected
by the percentage of fifth harmonic voltage input is provided to enable
current present. overfluxing detection. Alarm and
tripping characteristics, which are
High set differential element based on a measurement of the
voltage/frequency ratio, are
An additional high set
provided.
instantaneous differential element is
provided to ensure rapid clearance The alarm is definite time delayed
of heavy faults. This element is whilst the trip characteristic may be
essentially peak measuring to selected as either definite time or an
ensure fast operation for internal inverse time curve, as shown in
faults with saturated CTs. Figure 4.
Restricted earth fault
protection
Greater sensitivity for earth faults is
obtained by including restricted
earth fault protection. A separate
element per winding is provided.
An externally mounted stabilising
resistor will be necessary for
optimum performance.
3
Configuration Operating time as a function of the actual excitation and the set
starting value for different time multiplier settings (K)
time (s)
Logic 1000 Figure 4

The configuration of the relay is Inverse time

accomplished in software. characteristic for
The setting of logic function links, 100
overfluxing
together with the input and output K = 63
protection
masks, define the way the relay will K = 40
operate. This allows: 10 K = 20

• Selection of features K=5

• Implementation of user defined
logic using auxiliary timers
• Control of the integral
disturbance recorder.
These may be user defined via the
relay front panel function keys, or
remotely by a PC (personal
computer) via the communications
system.
The logic also allows the local or
remote control of the transfomer tap
changer.
Inputs and outputs
KBCH has 8 optically isolated
inputs which may be reassigned by
the user with any of the available
functions from the setting menu.
There are 8 programmable outputs,
each comprising a relay with
1 normally open contact, which
may also be reassigned by the user.
A dedicated watchdog contact with
1 normally open and 1 normally
closed contact is also available.
Typical applications diagrams
(Figures 7, 8 and 9) show the
default settings of functions as they
are assigned in the factory.
Alternative setting group
Two setting groups are provided.
This allows the user to set one
group to normal operating
conditions while a second group
may be set to cover alternative
operating conditions.
1
1
1 1.1 1.2
M=
Ancillary functions
Measurements
The relay can display the
magnitude of phase currents for
each input, differential current and
average bias current.
Primary display quantities are
based on the ratios of the line
current transformers which may be
programmed into the relay as a
setting.
The power system frequency is also
displayed.
Fault records
The fault flags for the last five faults
are recorded by the relay.
Additional records of the magnitude
of the fault currents are also stored
for the last fault.
All of the records are stored in a
non-volatile memory for local or
remote retrieval.
K=1
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
(V/f)
(V/f) setting
Event records
Fifty events can be stored in a
buffer. Software is available to
allow the events to be accessed
remotely by a PC via the
communications system.
Any change of state of a control
input or output relay, local setting
change or operation of a control
function, is logged by the relay with
a resolution of 1ms. Fault records
and alarms are also stored as
events.
Disturbance records
The internal disturbance recorder
has sixteen analogue channels and
sixteen digital channels.
The analogue channels record up to
nine phase currents (three per
transformer winding) three
differential currents, three average
bias currents and the voltage.
The digital channels record the
status of the output relays and
control inputs.
The disturbance records can be
accessed and displayed remotely by
a PC, via the communications system.
Test features
A number of features are provided
to enable the relay to be thoroughly

tested during commissioning,

routine maintenance and fault
Figure 5 finding operations:
• The measurement functions allow
Communication terminal
arrangement
each analogue input and its
associated wiring to be checked.
• The on/off states of the digital
54
56

inputs and relay outputs can be

K-Bus
displayed.
Screened 2 core cable
• Trip test facility

4
Power-on diagnostics and
self monitoring
Power-on diagnostic tests are
carried out by the relay when it is
energised. These tests include
checks on the timer, microprocessor,
memory and the analogue input
circuitry. Continuous self-monitoring,
in the form of watchdog circuitry
and memory checks are also
performed. In the event of a failure,
the relay will either lock out or
attempt a recovery, depending on
the type of failure detected.
Hardware Description
The relay is housed in a Midos size 8
case, suitable for either rack or panel
mounting as shown in Figure 11.
The relay uses a highly integrated
16-bit micro-controller, which
performs most of the major software
functions such as input signal
processing, scheme logic, output
relay control and handling of the
operator interface.
An additional digital signal
processor is provided to carry out
the protection algorithm.
The number of analogue inputs
depends upon the version of the
relay. There are 6, 9 or 12 bias
current inputs, 2 or 3 zero
sequence current inputs for the
restricted earth fault protection and
a voltage input for the overfluxing
protection.
The internal transducers are used to
isolate, step down and condition
the inputs from the VT and CTs.
Their output signals are then
converted into digital data for
further processing.
Relay 32 Relay 4 Relay 3 Relay 2
Protocol
converter
KITZ
IEC870-5
RS232
Desktop
computer
The front plate contains a 2 x 16
character, alphanumeric liquid
crystal display (LCD) and 4
pushbuttons to provide local access
to the relay’s menu. There are also
3 light emitting diodes (LED) for
visual indication of the relay’s
status.
Standard Midos terminal blocks are
located at the rear of the relay
providing connections for all input
and output circuits.
User Interface
Front panel user interface
The features of the relay can be
accessed through a menu-driven
system. The menu is arranged in the
form of a table, into each column of
which related items (menu cells) are
grouped.
The user can move around the
menu by means of the keys on the
relay frontplate. This can be done
with the cover in place, but any
change to the settings requires the
cover to be removed.
Remote access user interface
The menu table can also be
accessed via the remote
communications facility. This allows
all of the menu cells in a column to
be displayed simultaneously on the
screen of a PC. Changes to the
menu cell can be made from the PC
keyboard.
Relay interconnection
The relays can be interconnected
via a shielded, twisted wire pair
known as K-Bus. Up to 32 relays
may be connected in parallel across
the bus.
Relay 1
Figure 6
Basic communication
system
K-Bus
RS485
5
The K-Bus is connected through a
protocol converter known as KITZ,
either directly or via a modem, to
the RS-232 port of the PC. The K-
Bus is RS-485 based and runs at
64kbits/s. The K-Bus connection is
shown in Figure 5.
This system allows up to 32 relays
to be accessed through one RS-232
communications port (Figure 6).
Software is available with each
KITZ to provide access to the relays
to read and change settings.
Additional software entitled
‘Protection Access Software &
Toolkit’ is also available. This
provides access to the disturbance
recorder and the event recorder
together with other additional
functions.
Each relay is directly addressable
over the bus to allow
communication with the PC.
It should be noted that protection
tripping and blocking signals are
not routed via the K-Bus. Separate
conventional wiring is used for
these functions. Where appropriate,
the isolated 48V dc supply
available on each relay is used to
energize its optically isolated inputs
via external contacts.
Communications protocol
The communications protocol used
with K Series relays is designated
Courier. The Courier language has
been developed specifically for the
purpose of developing generic PC
programs that will, without
modification, communicate with any
device using the Courier language.
In the Courier system, all
information resides in the relay.
Each time communication is
established with the relay, the
requested information is loaded to
the PC. The protocol includes
extensive error checking routines to
ensure that the system remains
reliable and secure.
Password protection
Password protection is provided on
settings which alter the configuration of
the relay, any accidental change to which
could seriously affect the ability of the
relay to perform its intended function.
These include: enable/disable settings,
protection function characteristic selection,
scheme logic settings and system CT and
VT ratios.
 P1 P2 P2 P1
A A
S1 S2 S2 S1
B HV LV B
C C

63 69

64 70
65 71

66 72
67 73

68 74
75
KBCH 120
76
21 77

22 78
23 79

24 80
25 81

26 82
27 83
HV lo> (see Figure 10) LV1 lo> (see Figure 10)
28 84
A
4
A B WD 6 Relay healthy
13
AC/DC
C 3
supply
A B C 14
Vx WD 5 Relay failed
C B
Phase rotation 30
N Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL0 32 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
34
n Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL1 36 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
38
a b c Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL2 40 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
42
17 Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL3 44 Trip
57 1 Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
18
3 4 29 30 29
63 64
5 6 31 32 RL4 31 Tap up
65 66
7 8 33 34 33
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
67 68 9 10 35 36 46 RL5 35 Tap down
69 70 37 38 48
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1 37
13 14 39 40 Alarm = V/f alarm
71 72 RL6 39
41 42 50
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2 41
73 74 43 44
17 18 Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
52 RL7 43 Trip
75 76 45 46 Logic input common (1) Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
19 20
47 48 Initiate aux. timer 3 L3 57
77 78 21 22
49 50 45 1
79 80 23 24 47
51 52 Initiate aux. timer 4 L4
Case earth connection
81 82 25 26 53 54
49
55 56 Initiate aux. timer 5 L5 54
83 84 27 28
SCN See Note 4
51
Initiate aux. timer 6 L6 56 K-Bus communications port
Module terminal blocks SCN
See Note 4
viewed from rear 53
Initiate aux. timer 7 L7 7
+48V field voltage
55 8
Logic input common (2)

Notes:
1. (a) CT shorting links make 2. VT input must be supplied with phase - phase voltage.
before (b) and (c) disconnect. Connections are typical only.
(b) Short terminals break before (c). 3. Earth connections are typical only.
(c) Long terminals. 4. SCN = Screen connection for K-Bus.
(d) Pin terminal (PCB type)

Figure 7 Typical application diagram KBCH120

6
 P1 P2 P2 P1
A A
S1 S2 S2 S1
B HV LV1 B

C C
LV2

P2 P1
A
S2 S1
B

63 69

64 70
65 71

66 72
67 73

68 74
75
KBCH 130 LV2 lo> (see Figure 10)
76
21 77

22 78
23 79

24 80
25 81

26 82
27 83
HV lo> (see Figure 10) LV1 lo> (see Figure 10)
28 84
A
4
A B
13 WD 6 Relay healthy
AC/DC
C 3
supply
A B C 14
Vx WD 5 Relay failed
C B
Phase rotation 30
N
RL0 32 Trip Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
n 34
Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL1 36 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
a b c 38
Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL2 40 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
17 42
Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
57 1 RL3 44 Trip
18 Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
63 64 3 4 29 30 29
5 6 31 32 RL4 31 Tap up
65 66
7 8 33 34 33
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
67 68 9 10 35 36 46
RL5 35 Tap down
69 70 37 38 48
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1 37
13 14 39 40
71 72 RL6 39 Alarm = V/f alarm
41 42 50
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2
73 74 43 44 41
17 18 Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
45 46 52 RL7 43 Trip
75 76 Logic input common (1) Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
19 20
47 48 Initiate aux. timer 3 L3
77 78 21 22 57
49 50 45
47 1
79 80 23 24 51 52 Initiate aux. timer 4 L4
53 54
Case earth connection
81 82 25 26
49
55 56 Initiate aux. timer 5 L5
83 84 27 28 54
SCN See Note 4
51
Initiate aux. timer 6 L6 56 K-Bus communications port
Module terminal blocks SCN
See Note 4
viewed from rear 53
Initiate aux. timer 7 L7 7
55 +48V field voltage
8
Logic input common (2)

Notes:
1. (a) CT shorting links make 2. VT input must be supplied with phase - phase voltage.
before (b) and (c) disconnect. Connections are typical only.
(b) Short terminals break before (c). 3. Earth connections are typical only.
(c) Long terminals. 4. SCN = Screen connection for K-Bus.
(d) Pin terminal (PCB type)

Figure 8 Typical application diagram KBCH130

7
 P2 P1
A
S2 S1
HV LV1 B

C
LV2
P1 P2 P2 P1
A
S1 S2 S2 S1
B
P2 P1
C A
S2 S1
B

63 69

64 70
65 71

66 72
67 73

68 74
75
KBCH 140 LV2 lo> (see Figure 10)
76
21 77

22 78
23 79

24 80
25 81

26 82
27 83
HV lo> (see Figure 10) LV1 lo> (see Figure 10)
28 84
A
4
A B WD 6 Relay healthy
13
AC/DC
C 3
supply
A B C 14
Vx WD 5 Relay failed
C B
Phase rotation 30
N Trip Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL0 32
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
n 34
Trip Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL1 36
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
38
a b c
Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
RL2 40 Trip
Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
42
17
57 1 RL3 44 Trip Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
18 Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
63 64 3 4 29 30 29
5 6 31 32 RL4 31 Tap up
65 66
7 8 33 34 33
Initiate aux. timer 0 L0
67 68 9 10 35 36 46 RL5 35 Tap down
69 70 37 38 48
Initiate aux. timer 1 L1 37
13 14 39 40
71 72 RL6 39 Alarm = V/f alarm
41 42 50
Initiate aux. timer 2 L2 41
73 74 43 44
17 18 Id > A,B,C Id >> A,B,C
45 46 52 RL7 43 Trip
75 76
19 20 Logic input common (1) Io > HV,LV1,LV2 V/f trip
47 48 Initiate aux. timer 3 L3 57
77 78 21 22
49 50 45
1
79 80 23 24 47
51 52 Initiate aux. timer 4 L4
Case earth connection
81 82 25 26 53 54
49
55 56 Initiate aux. timer 5 L5 54
83 84 27 28
SCN See Note 4
51 56
Initiate aux. timer 6 L6 K-Bus communications port
Module terminal blocks See Note 4 SCN
viewed from rear 53
Initiate aux. timer 7 L7 7

55 8 +48V field voltage

Logic input common (2)

Notes:
1. (a) CT shorting links make 2. VT input must be supplied with phase - phase voltage.
before (b) and (c) disconnect. Connections are typical only.
(b) Short terminals break before (c). 3. Earth connections are typical only.
(c) Long terminals. 4. SCN = Screen connection for K-Bus.
(d) Pin terminal (PCB type)

Figure 9 Typical application diagram KBCH140

8
 P1 P2 P2 P1
A A
S1 S2 S2 S1
B B
C C
P2 S2

P1 S1
See
Note 2 Figure 10
63 69 Typical restricted
See Note 1 RS
64 70
earth fault connections
RS
65 71
See
See Note 1
Note 2 66 72
67 73

68 74
75
KBCH 120
76
21 77

22 78
23 79

24 80
25 81

Notes:
26 82 1. See Service Manual R8530 for the setting of
27 83
the external stabilising resistor.
2. Optional voltage limiting non-linear resistor
28 84
(see Service Manual R8530).

Technical Data • AC voltage • Vector group and ratio correction

Vn = 110V <0.002VA
• DC auxiliary voltage HV VectorCor (primary)
Ratings 4.8W to 12.0W* LV1 VectorCor (secondary)
• Inputs • AC auxiliary voltage LV2 VectorCor (tertiary)
AC current (In) 6.7VA to 21.0VA*
1A or 5A or HV 1A/LV 5A Yy0 (0deg), Yd1 (–30deg), Yd2 (–60deg),
*Note: depending on the power supply Yd3 (–90deg), Yd4 (–120deg),
(KBCH 120 and 140 only) rating, the applied voltage and the Yd5 (–150deg), Yy6 (+180deg),
number of inputs and outputs energised. Yd7 (+150deg), Yd8 (+120deg),
AC Voltage (Vn) Yd9 (+90deg), Yd10 (+60deg), Yd11 (+30deg),
110V • Thermal withstand
Ydy0 (0deg), Ydy6 (+180deg),
Current inputs (In)
3In continuous
• Auxiliary voltage (Vx) HV Ratio Cor (primary)
100In for 1s
Nominal Operative Absolute with a maximum of 400A 0.05 to 2 in steps of 0.01
(Vx) range (V) maximum (V)

24–125V dc 20–150V dc Voltage input (Vn) LV1 Ratio Cor(secondary)

or 190V crest
180V continuous 0.05 to 2 in steps of 0.01
110V
50/60Hz ac 50–133V ac 230V for 30s
LV2 Ratio Cor(tertiary)
48–250V dc 33–300V dc Operating time 0.05 to 2 in steps of 0.01
or 380V crest • low set typically30 – 35ms
220V
50/60Hz ac 87–265V ac • high set typically15ms
• REF typically20 – 40ms
• Frequency (Fn) 50/60Hz Accuracy 7.5% of setting (at
reference conditions)
• Output field voltage 48V dc
• Reference conditions
(current limit: 60mA)
• Temperature 20°C
• Auxiliary voltage
Burdens
Nominal dc voltage range
• AC current • Frequency 50Hz or 60Hz
Bias differential
In = 1A <0.045VA Transformer ratios
In = 5A <0.22VA
• Current transformers
Restricted earth fault (REF) HV 1:1 to 9999:1
In = 1A <0.085VA LV1 1:1 to 9999:1
In = 5A <0.24VA LV2 1:1 to 9999:1
Note: Figures for the REF
exclude the stabilising resistor.

9
CT requirements Stabilising resistance
Note: Values to be as given below with minima of 60/In for star-connected To assure stability for through faults
CTs and 100/In for delta connected CTs a stabilising resistor will be
Application Knee point voltage Through fault required;
Vk stability the appropriate value of series
X/R If resistance is calculated as follows:
Rs = Vs
Transformers Vk≥24In[Rct + 2RL]* 40 15In Is
Generators Vk
where: Vs = 4
Generator transformers Vk≥24In[Rct + 2RL]* 40 15In
Vs = setting voltage
Overall generator-
transformer units Vk≥48In[Rct + 2RL]* 120 15In Rs = value of stabilising
resistor
Motors
Is = current setting of
Shunt reactors restricted earth
fault element
Series reactors also Vk≥24In[Rct + 2RL]* 40 15In
The effective setting of the REF is
transformers connected
given by:
to a mesh corner
having two sets of Vk≥48In[Rct + 2RL]* 40 40In Ie = Is + Ir +∑Ιm
CTs each supplying
where:
separate relay inputs. 120 15In
Ie = effective fault
*Note: an explanation of the KBCH CT requirements is given in the current setting
Applications section of the Service Manual (R8530).
Ir = current taken by
Note: CTs should be of equal ratio and magnetisation characteristic Metrosil
where:
Im = magnetising
In = Rated line CT secondary current (1A or 5A) current of current
transformers at Vs
Rct = Resistance of line CT secondary winding
Non linear voltage limiting devices
RL = Resistance of a single lead from line CT to relay
‘METROSILS’ are available where
X/R = Maximum value of primary system required.
reactance/resistance ratio Further information on the
If = Maximum value of through fault current application of restricted earth fault
elements is available in the KBCH
The CT knee point should also satisfy the requirements for operation of the service manual.
REF element.
For general applications the following applies:
Vk = 2If’ (Rct + 2RL)
where:
If’ = maximum secondary fault current for which stability
is required
Rct = resistance of current transformer secondary winding
RL = resistance of a single lead from current transformer
to relay

10
Transformer configuration • Definite timer
tV/f (Trip) 0.1 to 60s
tV/f (Alarm) 0.1 to 60s
Setting No. of bias inputs Configuration Applicable to: tof 5th harmonic detector
HV
0.1s to 14.4ks (4Hrs)
HV + LV 2 KBCH120/130/140
LV
Digital inputs
HV Optically isolated inputs
HV + LV1 + LV2 3 KBCH130/140
8 energised from the
LV1 LV2 48V field voltage
HV
Contacts
HV (x2) + LV 3 KBCH130/140** • Output relays 8 single make
LV
• Contact ratings
HV

Make:
HV + LV (x2) 3 KBCH130/140
30A and carry for 0.2s
LV

HV Carry:
HV (x2) + LV1 + LV2 4 Only KBCH140 5A continuous
LV1 LV2

HV Break:
DC 50W resistive
HV + LV1 (x2) + LV2 4 LV1 LV2 Only KBCH140** 25W inductive
(L/R = 0.04s)
HV AC 1250VA
(5A maximum)
HV (x2) + LV (x2) 4 Only KBCH140

LV
Subject to maxima of 5A and 300V

• Watchdog relays
Current settings Time settings 1 make and 1 break
• Differential protection Auxiliary timers
Id> 0.1 to 0.5pu Make:
Id>> 5 to 20pu tAUX0 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) 10A and carry for 0.2s
• REF protection tAUX1 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs)
Io>HV (primary) tAUX2 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) Carry:
0.05 to 1.0pu tAUX3 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) 5A continuous
tAUX4 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs)
Io>LV1 (secondary) tAUX5 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) Break:
0.05 to 1.0pu tAUX6 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) DC 30W resistive
tAUX7 0 to 14.4ks (4Hrs) 15W inductive
Io> LV2 (tertiary) tTEST 0.5 to 10s (L/R = 0.04s)
0.05 to 1.0pu tTapUp 0.5 to 10s AC 1250VA
tTapDown 0.5 to 10s (5A maximum)
Overfluxing settings
Overfluxing element timers Subject to maxima of 5A and 300V
• Inverse timer
• Iof 5th harmonic
tV/f (Trip)= 0.8 + 0.18 x K • Durability
0.1 to 0.5pu (M – 1)2 Loaded contact
• V/f Trip 1.5 to 3V/Hz Where 10,000 operations minimum
• V/f Alarm 1.5 to 3V/Hz tV/f (Trip)= operating time
K = time multiplier Unloaded contact
setting (1 to 63) 100,000 operations minimum

M = (V/f)
(V/f)setting

11
Communications port (K-Bus)
• Language Courier
• Transmission mode:
Synchronous
• Signal levels RS485
• Message format HDLC
• Data rate 64 kbits/s
• Connection Multidrop (32 units)
• Cable type Screened twisted
pair of wires
• Cable length 1000m (maximum)
• Connector Screw terminals (M4)
• Isolation 2kV rms for 1 minute
High voltage withstand
• Dielectric withstand
IEC 60255-5: 1977
2kV rms for one minute between
all case terminals (except
terminals 1 and 57) connected
together and the case earth/
terminals 1 and 57.
2kV rms for one minute between
terminals of independent circuits
including contact circuits.1.5kV rms
for 1 minute across open contacts
of output relays 0 to 7.
1kV rms for one minute across
open contacts of the watchdog
relay.
• High voltage impulse
IEC 60255-5: 1977
Three positive and three negative
impulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs,
0.5J between all terminals
(except output contacts);
independent circuits; all terminals
connected together (except
terminals 1 and 57) and case
earth/terminals 1 and 57
• Insulation resistance
IEC 60255-5: 1977
>100MW
Electrical environment
• High frequency disturbance
IEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class III
2.5kV peak applied between all
circuits and case earth.
1kV peak applied across
terminals of the same circuit
(except metallic contacts).
• Fast transient disturbance • IEEE Radiated Immunity
IEC 60255-22-4: 1992 Class IV ANSI C37.90.2
25 – 1000MHz, zero and 100%
4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly to square wave modulated.
all inputs. Field strength 35V/m.
4kV, 2.5kHz applied via a • EMC compliance
capacitive clamp to the K-Bus port. 89/336/EECCompliance with
the European Commission
• Electrostatic discharge Directive on EMC is claimed via
IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class II the Technical Construction File
4kV air discharge. route.
4kV contact discharge.
• EN 50081-2: 1994
• DC supply interruptions Generic Standards were
IEC 60255-11: 1979 EN 50082-2: 1995
The unit will withstand a 10ms used to establish conformity.
interruption in the auxiliary
supply, under normal operating • Product safety
conditions, without de-energising. 72/23/EEC
Compliance with the European
• AC ripple on dc supply Commission Low Voltage Directive.
IEC 60255-11: 1979 • EN 61010-1: 1993/A2 : 1995
The unit will withstand 12% ac Compliance is demonstrated by
ripple on the dc supply EN 60950: 1992/A11: 1997
reference to generic safety
standards.
• IEEE Surge Withstand Capacity (SWC)
ANSI C37.90.1 (1990)
4 – 5kV fast transient and
2.5kV (Reaff 1994) oscillatory.
Applied directly to each input and
earth.
Applied directly across the auxiliary
power supply, opto isolated input
and each output contact.
Figure 11 Case outline size 8
155.4
4 holes Ø 4.4
200
24
168 159
Push button
203
projection 10 max.
Panel cut-out:
Flush mounting fixing details.
32 212
25 min.
177 157 max.
Reset
206 11
Flush mounting.
All dimensions in mm.
12
Atmospheric environment Mechanical environment Case
• Temperature • Vibration
IEC 60255-21-1: 1988 The KBCH unit is housed in a size
IEC 60068-2-1: 1990 (cold) Response Class 2 8
Storage and transit –25°C to +70°C Endurance Class 2 Midos case as shown in Figure 11.

IEC 60068-2-2: 1974 (dry heat)
Operating –25°C to +55°C
• Humidity
IEC 60068-2-3: 1969
56 days at 93% RH and +40°C
• Enclosure protection
IEC 60529: 1989
IP50 (dust protected)
Unit type KBCH1
• Shock and bump Additional Information
IEC 60255-21-2: 1988
KBCH service manual R8530
Shock response Class 2
Shock withstand Class 1
Bump Class 1
• Seismic
IEC 60255-21-3: 1993
Class 2
Information Required with Order
0

2 bias inputs per phase 2

3 bias inputs per phase 3
4 bias inputs per phase 4

Configuration:
Standard 0 1

Case size:
Size 8 Midos flush mounting H 1

Auxiliary voltage:
24/125V (See page 10 Ratings for dc/ac Operative range) 2
48/250V (See page 10 Ratings for dc/ac Operative range) 5

Rating:
Vn = 100/120V In = 1A L
Vn = 100/120V In = 5A M
*Vn = 100/120V In = 1A/5A P

Language:
English E
French F
German G
Spanish S

*Not available for KBCH 130.

Number of stabilising resistors and
‘METROSILS’ required for the
restricted earth fault protection
function.
Glossary
• Courier A communications language developed to provide generic
control, monitoring, data extraction and setting changes on remote devices
(primarily on protective relays) within the substation environment.
• K-Bus The 64 kbps twisted pair cable used to connect Courier
compatible devices and transfer Courier data.
• KITZ The interface unit which converts between K-Bus and
IEC870-5 FT1.2 format data which is used to transfer Courier data over
modems and RS232 connections.

13
 © 2003 ALSTOM - Electronic file only
Publication: KBCH/EN BR/Kb

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