Integrated Science

Incident Action Plan: Response Plan for Hazardous Material Spill

Presented by

Arinda Khampanich (Eve) ID 6161044 1204

Burin Intachuen (Burin) ID 6161015 1201
Suchanun Chantrapimol (Earn) ID 6161028 1202
Chanya Goysookho (Kib) ID 6161213 1201
Lalitphan Thaidej (Gene) ID 6161001 1202

Presented to
Mr. Andrew Filipczak

Mahidol University International Demonstration School

AY 2020-2021

SEMESTER 1
Table of Contents

Content Page
Bluf 2
Situational overview 3
Objective 6
Relevant information 7
Equipment 11
Response procedure 12
Conclusion 13
References 14

1
Bluf
This IAP is a response plan to a chemical spill at MUIDS, which is located under the tent
next to the big soccer field. At the site of the incident, two collapsed students can be spotted
and spills of four chemicals are needed to be cleaned up: toluene, polyurethane coating,
tetrachloroethylene and sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide solution. Each chemical
has its own hazards, however, in general, they are dangerous to inhalation, ingestion, contact,
have a potential to cause fire, cause damage to fertility and unborn children, and toxic
towards aquatic environments. This will require a type C suit to deal with the chemicals. Our
first priority will be to evacuate the students, by providing first aid to injured students, and
have our hazmat response team prepare to direct students out of the building through three
possible exits. After the students and staff are under control, contamination will be controlled
by absorbing with dry soil and covering entries of sewers with absorbent socks, and drain
gates will be covered with poly tarp. Lastly, the spill will be cleaned up with a chemical spill
kit and some absorbent, and kept in a container for later disposal.

2
Situational overview

Surrounding analysis
1) 2 collapsed students spotted close to 4 chemical barrels.

2) Several drainage points are spotted around 1 meter away from the chemical spill.

3) Chemical spill happens near the cafeteria and gym, possible gas chemical entry
points.

Chemical barrel spills

3.1) Toluene

3.2) Polyurethane coating

3.3) Tetrachloroethylene

3
 3.4) Sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide solution

4) Unclosed valve close by.

5) Several ventilation points can be entry points for airborne chemicals.

6) Soccer field in close proximity and is in high risk of contamination.

7) Dense tree area stationed away from the site about 90 meters.

4
Environmental analysis
Temp: 37
Humidity: 50%
Sunny/Few clouds
Wind: 10 km/h

Parameter analysis

Dormitory (คอนโด มหิดล ศาลายา) and parking lot are in close proximity for about 10 meters
from the site. There is a cycling lane behind the MUIDS main building and close to it is a
long water source. There are in total, three exits from the facility:
1) Exit connecting from the gym to the dormitory.
2) Gate that connects to the bike lane behind the main building
3) The main road connection

5
Objective
There are in total ​4 ​objectives

1) First priority: Evacuate students off contaminated areas.

Success ​: students are evacuated to an evacuation zone and receive further
treatment as medical staff would carry it out.
Failure ​: staff are not able to approach the students or that the students are not
recovered.
2) Second priority: Isolate the area and prevent more victims from being exposed to the
chemical.
Success ​: no untrained personals enter the proximity and response staff are
able to carry out their part.
Failure ​: unrelated personals are able to enter the proximity, whether or not
the personal is exposed to the chemical.
3) Third priority: Contain the chemical from spreading.
Success ​: Contamination proximity does not widen
Failure ​: Contamination reached the dense tree area nearby
4) Last priority: Cleaning the area
Success ​: Proximity is treatable and cleaning can be carry out over time
Failure ​: Proximity is not treatable due to large contaminated area

6
Relevant information
Toluene

Potential Hazard
● Highly flammable liquid and a vapour.
● Not soluble in water
● Can cause damage to skin and eyes.
● Harmful when inhaling (it can produce dangerous fumes which can cause nausea,
headaches, unconsciousness, and even death if inhaled.)
● Toluene is a colorless liquid with ​aromatic odour.

Properties
● Density: 0. 865 g/mL at 25ºC
● Appearance: ​Clear colourless liquid.
● Odour: ​Aromatic

Care for Toluene Exposure

● Skin Contact – Immediately flush skin with water, and cover the irritated skin with an
anti-bacterial cream along with finding medical attention.

● Eye Contact – Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, removing
contacts and seeking medical attention.

● Ingestion – Do not induce vomiting. Call a medical professional immediately.

Emergency response
● Exit the area immediately if there is a chemical leak or spill.
● Eliminate heat and ignition sources
● Avoid generating vapours or mists.
● Avoid skin contact with products or with contaminated equipment/surfaces.

7
Polyurethane coating

Potential Hazard
● May produce an allergic reaction.
● Extremely flammable aerosol.
● Pressurised container: may burst if heated.
● May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
● Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
● Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
● Containers can burst violently or explode when heated, due to excessive pressure
build-up. Bursting aerosol containers may be propelled from a fire at high speed. If
aerosol cans are ruptured, care should be taken due to the rapid escape of the
pressurised contents and propellant. Vapours may form explosive mixtures with air.

Properties
● Relative density: 0.870 @ 20°C/68°F
● Colour Clear: Amber
● Odour: Solvent.

Methods for cleaning up

● Approach the spillage from upwind. Under normal conditions of handling and
storage, spillages from aerosol containers are unlikely.
● Small Spillages: Wipe up with an absorbent cloth and dispose of waste safely.
● If it is not water-soluble, absorb the spillage with an inert, dry material and place it in
a suitable waste disposal container.
● Flush contaminated areas with plenty of water. Wash thoroughly after dealing with a
spillage. Dangerous for the environment. Do not empty into drains. Dispose of waste
to licensed waste disposal site in accordance with the requirements of the local Waste
Disposal Authority

8
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)

Potential Hazard
● Tetrachloroethylene is a nonflammable colorless liquid with a sharp sweet odor
● Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment,
long-term hazard]
● Suspect for causing cancer
● The major effects from chronic inhalation exposure to tetrachloroethylene in humans
are neurological effects, including sensory symptoms such as headaches, impairments
in cognitive and motor neurobehavioral functioning and color vision decrements.
Other effects noted in humans, generally at higher exposures, include liver damage,
kidney effects, immune and hematologic effects, and on development and
reproduction.
● Heavier than air - 1.62 g/cm3
● Tetrachloroethylene can be tested by gas chromatography
● Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area.

Protection CPF3
● Respiratory protection
● Eyes protection
● Gloves clothing

Methods for cleaning up

● Absorb liquids in dry sand, earth, or a similar material and place into sealed
containers for disposal.

9
Sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide solution

Label elements

Signal Word Danger

Potential Hazards:
● Reacts with water to generate flammable hydrogen gas at pH lower than 10 (water
sensitive), and increase the concentration of fumes in the air.
● Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
● Capable of eye damage and irritation.
● Can cause damage to fertility and unborn child
● Explode when heated
● Toxic for inhalation, ingestion and contact (eye and skin)
● Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause
pollution.

Properties
● Density: 1.4 g/cm3 (23 °C)
● Melting point: 13 °C (liquid)
● Oder: Odorless
● Appearance: Clear
● pH: 14

Emergency response
● Evacuate personnel away from spills to safe areas
● Remove all ignition source
● Cover sewers and drains

Methods for cleaning up

● Soak up with inert absorbent material.
● For small spills, cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material
then cover with plastic sheet.
● Can be extinguished with CO2, dry chemical, dry sand or alcohol-resistant foam.
● Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered
plastic containers for later disposal.
● DO NOT​ expose spills to water
● DO NOT​ dispose waste into sewers or drains

10
Equipment

● It is required that personal wear at least type C Hazmat suit which includes
○ full-face air purifying respirators
○ Chemical-resistant gloves
○ Proper footwear including Safety steel-toe boots with shanks on the outside
○ Goggles
As the spill contains multiple substance that are considered oxidizer and potential irritant
● For small spills use chemical spill kit which includes
○ Hazmat absorbent socks
○ Hazmat absorbent pads
○ Disposal bags
○ Some type of containers (preferably large bin)
○ polypropylene broom
● For further absorbent; dry earth and sand can be used to absorb the substances
○ Dry sand & earth from in or offsite
○ Shovels
○ Multiple large bins to contain the contaminated earth and sands
● The first priority is to contain and treat the two injured students which require First
aid kit for chemical spills
● Prepare 1000 N25 mask for students and staff as part of​ the evacuation procedure

11
Response procedure

1. Send the team into the area (Team with full protections, and equipment), begin to isolate the
contaminated area from students and flammable materials around the area.

2. Help injured students; DO the first aid check whether the student inhaled or contact the
chemical or not. Check for any severe damage.
First Aid for injured students
IF SWALLOWED : Immediately call a poison center or doctor/physician
IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse Skin with water/shower
IF INHALED: remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing
IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice

3. Injured students might be unconscious and not be able to move, in that case, use a cradle to
transfer them to the hospital for further care.

4. Block the drain by using a spill pillow to prevent water contamination. For the drain gate, use
poly tarp to cover it from possible leaking.

5. Inform the students and staff to remain in the building and wait for the hazmat response team
to distribute the N95 mask for all students and stuff. Prepared to evacuate. Shutdown the
ventilation and water supply system.

6. Chemical absorption ; Use soil from nearby areas (soccer field) to absorb the spilled
chemical. The soil that we use should be dry to prevent chemical reactions with water of the
hazmat.

7. Evacuate students and staff by the 3 possible exit from the facility,
1) Connecting from the gym to the dormitory.
2) Gate that connects to the bike lane behind the main building.
3) The main road connection

8. After the spilled chemicals are all absorbed, let the rescue team with hazmat suits clear the
area by collecting and containing the contaminated sand.

9. Make sure that the area is dry and clean the area again. The absorbent sand will be discarded
at the chemical waste land.

12
Conclusion
After the students are evacuated they will be picked up by their parents at the
evacuation point. The parents will be informed about the situation and suggest that if
the students are to show any symptoms, they should be sended to the hospital as soon
as possible. The two injured will be sent to Ramathibodi Hospital ER department
where doctors will further evaluate how severe the students’ condition is. The
chemical waste will then be sent to the chemical waste land where it will slowly
decompose which will be dealt with by Siam Waste Management Consultant (Asian)
Co., Ltd . To avoid further contamination the area will be isolated for 1 month with
weekly testing for chemicals.

13
References
NOAA Office of Response, & Restoration, U. S. G. (n.d.). SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE AND

SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION, WITH NOT MORE THAN 12% SODIUM

BOROHYDRIDE AND NOT MORE THAN 40% SODIUM HYDROXIDE. Retrieved from

https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/19221

Thermo Fisher SCIENTIFIC​. (​ 2019, March 07). Sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide soluti​on

SAFETY DATA SHEET. ​Retrieved fro​m https://www.fishersci.co.uk/chemicalProductData_uk/

wercs?itemCode=10119689&lang=EN

The solutions people, E. (n.d.). SAFETY DATA SHEET Polyurethane Coating. Retrieved September

10, 2020.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2018, October 01). TCE Removal From

Contaminated Soil and Ground Water. US EPA. Retrieved from

https://www.epa.gov/remedytech/tce-removal-contaminated-soil-and-ground-water

Zdrazil, T., & About Travis ZdrazilTravis has worked with spill containment products for over 20

years as a partner with PCI Products. (2013, September 05). What Should a Spill Kit Contain?:

Different Spill Kit Contents. Retrieved from https://www.absorbentsonline.

com/spill-containment-blog/what-should-a-spill-kit-contain/

14