BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Accountancy, Business Economics and International Hospitality Management

GRADUATE SCHOOL

BA 504 MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION THEORY

Reflection
Jeremiah R. Garcia

UNDERSTANDING THE MANAGER’S JOB

INTRODUCTION
The topic about understanding the manager’s job tackles all about management
including the different kinds, functions, skills, importance of history and theory,
evolution and major challenges and opportunities faced by managers today.

LEARNING AND INSIGHTS

Organization is defined as a group of people working together in a structured and
coordinated fashion to achieve a set of goals. Management is a set of activities
(including planning and decision making, organizing, leading, and controlling) directed at
an organization’s resources (human, financial, physical, and information), with the aim of
achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner. Manager is someone
whose primary responsibility is to carry out the management process. A Manager and the
organization should be efficient, using resources wisely, in a cost-effective way, and
effective, making the right decisions and successfully implementing them.
There are three levels of managers, the top, middle and first line managers. Top
managers who are relatively small group of executives who manage the overall
organization. It composes of president, vice president, and chief executive officer (CEO).
Middle managers who are probably make up the largest group of managers in most
organizations. They are the one coordinating instructions from the top managers to the
first line managers. It composes of plant manager, operations manager, and division head.
Lastly, First-line managers, who supervise and coordinates activities in the operation. It
composes of supervisor, coordinator, and office manager.
There are managers in different areas of organization, marketing managers,
financial managers, operations managers, human resources managers and general
managers. Marketing manager’s work in areas related to the marketing function—

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 BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Accountancy, Business Economics and International Hospitality Management
GRADUATE SCHOOL

getting consumers and clients to buy the organization’s products or services. Financial
managers deal primarily with an organization’s financial resources. Operations
managers concerned with creating and managing the systems that create an
organization’s products and services. This involves production control, quality control
and inventory control. Human resources managers are responsible for hiring and
developing employees. Administrative or general managers are not associated with any
particular management specialty. They are tend to be generalists.
Regardless of level or area, management involves the four basic functions:
Planning and decision making, organizing, leading and controlling. Planning and
decision making involves setting the organization’s goals and deciding how best to
achieve them. Organizing determines how best to group activities and resources.
Controlling monitors and correcting ongoing activities to facilitate goal attainment.
Leading motivates members of the organization to work in the best interests of the
organization.
To carry out these management functions most effectively, managers rely on a
number of different fundamental management skills: (1) technical skills, (2) interpersonal
skills, (3) conceptual skills, (4) diagnostic skills, (5) communication skills, (6) decision
making, (7) time management skills.
The science of management involves the approaching of the problems in ways
that are rational, logical, objective, and systematic. Managers can gather data, facts, and
objective information. They can use quantitative models and decision-making techniques
to arrive at “correct” decisions. The art of management involves frequency of making
decisions and solve problems on the basis of intuition, experience, instinct, and personal
insights. It can be conceptual, communication, interpersonal and time management skills.
Managers must blend an element of intuition and personal insight with hard data and
objective facts. The effective practice of management requires a synthesis of science and
art: a blend of rational objectivity and intuitive insight. Theory is simply a conceptual
framework for organizing knowledge and providing a blueprint for action. Awareness
and understanding of important historical developments are also important to
contemporary managers. Understanding the historical context of management provides a
sense of heritage and can help managers avoid the mistakes of others.

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 BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Accountancy, Business Economics and International Hospitality Management
GRADUATE SCHOOL

Here are the contemporary management issues and challenges: (1) Globalization,
(2) Ethics and social responsibility and their relationship to corporate governance (3)
Quality (4) The shift toward a service economy (5) The economic recession of 2008–
2010 and slow recovery in 2011–2014 (6) Rapidly changing workplace (7) Diversity (8)
Working environment (9) Organization change (10) New technology.
In my work, we have classified employees as Top Management, Middle
Management and Rank and File. Top Management composes of General and Plant
Managers, Production, Maintenance, Quality and Planning Control Managers which
formulates strategies to be implemented within the organization in order to achieve set
goals. Middle Management composes of Supervisors and Process Engineers that
coordinates all the strategies in actual workforce. They are the ones who monitored and
correct operating parameters in order to have a smooth and less trouble operation. Rank
and Files composed of Leadman and Operators wherein they are the ones who are
executing the operational procedures in order to achieve goals.

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