THE INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY(IU) - VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY - HCMC

FINAL EXAMINATION
Semester 2, 2013-14 • Date: June 12, 2014 • Duration: 120 minutes

SUBJECT: CALCULUS II for BT

Department of Mathematics Lecturers

Chair:

Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Dinh Prof. N. V. Thu, Dr. N. M. Quan

INSTRUCTIONS:

• Student is allowed a scientific calculator and a maximum of two double-

sided sheets of reference material (size A4 or similar), stapled together
and marked with their name and ID. All other documents and electronic
devices are forbidden.

• Answer any FIVE of the six questions. DO NOT answer more than
five questions.

1. (20 marks) The growth of cows in a region can be approximated by the

equation
dw
= 0.0152(486 − w),
dt
where w(t) is the weight in kg after t weeks.
Find the solution w(t) to the initial value problem with w(0) = 30 kg. When
does the weight of cows attain 200 kg?

2. Consider the following differential equation with the initial condition

dy/dx = 2x2 y, y(1) = 1.

(a) (5 marks) Solve the differential equation.

(b) (15 marks) Use Euler’s method with h = 0.01 to approximate y(1.05) to 4
decimal places. Find the differences between the approximate values and the
exact values.

3. The rate of change in the concentration of a drug with respect to time (in
hours) in a certain user’s blood is modeled by

dC
= −kC + e−t , C(0) = 0,
dt
where k = 0.02 is the rate that the drug leaves the bloodstream.
(a) (15 marks) Find C(t).
(b) (5 marks) When will C(t) attain its maximum value?

----- please turn over -----

4. The length of a leaf on a tree is a random variable with probability density
function defined by
3
f (x) = (kx − x2 ), x ∈ [0, k].
32
where k is a positive constant.
(a) (5 marks) Compute k.
(b) (10 marks) Find the expected leaf length and the standard deviation?
(c) (5 marks) Find the probability that the length of a given leaf is within one
standard deviation of the expected value.

5. A certain drug is known to cause a side effect 10% of the time and there
are five patients given this drug.
(a) (10 marks) What is the probability that at least one of five patients expe-
riences the side effect?
(b) (10 marks) What is the probability that four or more experience the side
effect?

6. A particular hypothetical human disease occurs with a probability of 0.08

in males and with a probability of 0.06 in females. Assuming that the frequency
of males is 0.5 and females 0.5 in a very large population.
(a) (10 marks) What is the probability that an individual selected at random
from this population will not have the disease?
(b) (10 marks) What is the conditional probability that an individual who had
the disease will be female?

—END—
 SOLUTIONS TO CAL2BT FINAL EXAM, SPRING 2014

1. (20 marks) Using the separating variables method. We have

dw
= 0.0152dt
486 − w
Integrating both sides of the equation
Z Z
dw
= 0.0152dt
486 − w

ln |486 − w| = −0.0152t + C0
This implies
w (t) = 486 − Ce−0.0152t ,
where C is a constant. Using the initial condition w(0) = 30 kg to get C = 456.
Therefore,
w (t) = 486 − 456e−0.0152t (15 marks)
w(t) = 486 − 456e−0.0152t = 200 when t = 1
0.0152
ln( 456
286
) = 30.69.
Thus, w(t) = 200 kg when t ≈ 30.7 weeks. (5 marks)

2. (a) (5 marks) Using the separating variables method, we have

Z Z
dy
= 2x2 dx
y
2
ln |y| = x3 + C0
3
2x3
y (x) = Ce 3

Using the initial condition y(1) = 1 to get C = e−2/3 . Thus, y (x) = e2(x )/3 .
3 −1

(b) (15 marks) Using Euler’s method

yi+1 = yi + g(xi , yi )h, for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,

where h = 0.01 and g(x, y) = 2x2 y. Therefore,

yi+1 = yi + 2x2i yi h = yi + 0.02x2i yi , i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,

where y0 = y(1) = 1, xi = 1 + 0.01i.

Hence,

y1 = 1.02, y2 = 1.0408, y3 = 1.0625, y4 = 1.0850, y5 = 1.1085

The exact values are y(1.01) = 1.0204, y(1.02) = 1.0416, y(1.03) = 1.0638, y(1.04) =
1.0868, y(1.05) = 1.1108.
 The differences between the exact value and the approximate value are

|y(1.01) − y1 | = 0.0004, |y(1.02) − y2 | = 0.0008, |y(1.03) − y3 | = 0.0013,

|y(1.04) − y4 | = 0.0018, |y(1.05) − y5 | = 0.0023.

3. (a) (15 marks) We solve the first-order linear differential equation:

dC
+ 0.02C = e−t
dt
dC 0.02t
e + 0.02e0.02t C = e−0.98t
dt
d 0.02t

e C = e−0.98t
dt
Integrating to obtain
e−t
C (t) = − + C1 e−0.02t
0.98
where C1 is a constant. Using C(0) = 0, we get

e−t e−0.02t
C (t) = − +
0.98 0.98
(b) (5 marks) We have

dC e−t e−0.02t e−0.02t −0.98t

= − 0.02 = e − 0.02
dt 0.98 0.98 0.98
Using the first derivative test, C(t) attains it maximum value when

dC ln 50
=0⇔t= ≈ 4 (hours)
dt 0.98

4. (a) (5 marks) We have

Zk
k3 k3
 
3 3
kx − x2 dx =


− =1
32 32 2 3
0

k 3 = 64 ⇔ k = 4
(b) (10 marks) The expected value is

Z4
3
x 4x − x2 dx = 2


E (X) =
32
0
The variance
Z4
3 2 24 4
x 4x − x2 dx − E (X)2 =


V ar (X) = −4=
32 5 5
0

The standard deviation is δ = √25 ≈ 0.89.

(c) (5 marks) The probability that the length of a given leaf is within one
standard deviation of the expected value is
Z2.89
3
4x − x2 dx ≈ 0.62


P (1.11 6 X 6 2.89) =
32
1.11

The probability that the length of a given leaf is within one standard deviation
of the expected value is about 0.62.

5. Let X denote the number of patients experienced side effect, then X is a

binomial random variable with parameters (n = 5; p = 0.1).
(a) (10 marks) The probability that at least one of five patients experiences
the side effect

P (X > 1) = 1 − P (X = 0) = 1 − (0.9)5 ≈ 0.41

(b) (10 marks) The probability that four or more experience the side effect is
 
5
P (X = 4) + P (X = 5) = (0.1)4 (0.9) + (0.1)5 = 0.00046
4

6. (a) (10 marks) Let D be the event that an individual has the disease,
M be the event that an individual will be male, and F be the event that an
individual will be female.
The probability that an individual selected at random from this population
will have the disease is

P (D) = P (M ) (M |D) + P (F ) (F |D)

P (D) = (0.5) (0.08) + (0.5) (0.06) = 0.07

Thus, the probability that an individual selected at random from this popula-
tion will not have the disease is

P (Dc ) = 1 − 0.07 = 0.93

(b) (10 marks) The conditional probability that an individual who had the
disease will be female is
P (F D) (0.5) (0.08) 3
P (F |D) = = = ≈ 0.43
P (D) 0.07 7