INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY – VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

PROJECT REPORT

PRODUCT DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT

FOLDABLE DINING TABLE

Lecturer: Dr. Đào Vũ Trường Sơn

Group members:

• Trương Trần Mai Anh IEIEIU18003

• Lê Phương Ngọc Anh IEIEIU18004

• Võ Thị Thiện Mỹ IEIEIU18057

• Ngô Đăng Triết IEIEIU18107

• Đinh Phú Vinh IEIEIU18118

• Trần Anh Thư IEIEIU18160

 Name Role Percentage of Chapter involved
contribution
Mai Anh Leader 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
Ngọc Anh Team Member 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
Thiện Mỹ Team Member 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
Đăng Triết Team Member 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
Phú Vinh Team Member 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
Anh Thư Team Member 100% Chapter I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X,
XI, Appendix
 TABLE OF CONTENT
I) INTRODUCTION: ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
A/ PROBLEM PROPOSAL: ................................................................................................................................................................ 4
B/ DEFINITION OF ‘FOLDABLE DINING TABLE’: ................................................................................................................................ 4
C/ STATE OUR PLAN AND APPROACH: ............................................................................................................................................. 5

II. DEVELOPING A MISSION STATEMENT ........................................................................................................................... 5

MARKET SEGMENT:................................................................................................................................................................. 5
KEY BUSINESS GOALS: ........................................................................................................................................................... 6
MANUFACTURING AND SERVICE GOALS: ......................................................................................................................... 6
FINANCIAL TARGET OF THE PROJECT:............................................................................................................................... 6
CONSTRAINTS:.......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
STAKEHOLDERS: ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6
III. IDENTIFYING CUSTOMER NEEDS ................................................................................................................................... 6
IV. DEVELOPING METRICS (PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS) TO ADDRESS CUSTOMER NEEDS IN
ENGINEERING TERMS .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
V. DEVELOP NEED-METRIC RELATIONSHIP AND HOUSE OF QUALITY ................................................................. 11

VI. GENERATING CONCEPTS ................................................................................................................................................ 16

PROBLEM DECOMPOSITION: FUNCTION DIAGRAM ......................................................................................................................... 16
EXTERNAL SEARCH: .................................................................................................................................................................... 16
INTERNAL SEARCH: ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16
SYSTEMATIC EXPLORATION: COMBINATION TABLE ...................................................................................................................... 17
VII. CONCEPT SELECTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 23

VII. PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE ........................................................................................................................................... 25

1. TABLE SET SCHEMATIC ...................................................................................................................................................... 25
2. CLUSTER ELEMENTS INTO CHUNKS .................................................................................................................................... 25
3. GEOMETRIC LAYOUT.......................................................................................................................................................... 26
4. INCIDENTAL INTERACTIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 27

VII. DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 28

1. ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY IN PRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 28
2. ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY IN USE ................................................................................................................................ 29
IX. DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING ............................................................................................................................ 29
A) NEW EQUIPMENT FOR ASSEMBLY (EASE OF ASSEMBLY): ..................................................................................................... 29
B) BILL OF MATERIALS: .......................................................................................................................................................... 30
C) FINAL SKETCH ................................................................................................................................................................... 30
X. PROTOTYPE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 31
XI. CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 35
APPENDIX.................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................................. 37
I) INTRODUCTION:

a/ Problem proposal:

In today's society, as the population rises, especially in big cities such as Ho Chi Minh City, Ha
Noi, Shanghai...etc., looking for a place to stay in big cities causes difficulties among people, for
which buying and renting apartments in big buildings become tendencies.

According to some reports, it is indicated that the average living area in Vietnam is 20m2 per
head, which is much lower compared to 32m2 per head and 30m2 per head of China and France.
In other words, an averaged-income family in Vietnam does not have enough space for their
basic needs such as display furniture, relaxation, personal space,...as well as causing stress
among the residents as their living space is too small to live comfortably.

Another problem that arises among residents’ concerns is the average price for basic furniture
nowadays is considered to be expensive, although those are essential appliances.

Additionally, traditional furniture is well-known among customers where they think that the
bigger the furniture, the more prosperous the owner would become, making them feel more
suffocated thereafter having so much furniture that does not fit for their living space, and as the
amount of space shrinks day by day, the stress rises at the same time.

Since most furniture on the market is quite heavy and cumbersome. Cleaning some small corners
is extremely hard, people even do not scrub those positions. This unintentionally makes their
house may easily get dirty with dust, living atmosphere be affected. As most furniture these days
is heavy, moving them to other places will cause lots of time and strength, particularly when
transporting them to new living places, this will cause more money comparing to lighter objects.

However, space-saving furniture, as a potential market, is introduced thanks to human creativity.

It is considered to be an affordable solution compared with buying a bigger house among
households. One stand-out product is the folding table set as the dining room seems to be an
unnecessary room to have in a house. The folding table set can deal with space-saving problems
where it can come from many designs and shapes that are suitable for every household, not to
mention having a competitive price with traditional furniture.

b/ Definition of ‘foldable dining table’:

A foldable table is the table that can be folded in half or more for quick, easy storage and is
ready to maneuver between venues with ease. Materials for foldable tables are typically light
such as plastic, aluminum or wood for straightforward portability. Like all folding furniture,
foldable tables are convenient for most of the available space or extending existing internal space
to externals in warm seasons. Folding tables provide a quick pop-up style which is easy to
assemble and compact when folded away.

For example, a small cafeteria is looking to increase its pace in the summer by using bistro
coffee pavement style steel tables to draw in more custom for alfresco dining. Folding tables are
a well-liked choice for pop-up street food vendors as they are easy to clean, carry at the end of
shift and fit into small vehicles.

There are two main usages when it comes to the functionality of the foldable dining table, for
example, it can be adapted for smaller dining space as well as can serve loads of people during
hustle service of food.

c/ State our plan and approach:

In this project, the group will design and develop a folding table set that can easily be stored,
cleaned, transported and most important is space-saving at an affordable price for the average-
income Vietnamese. The team will base on our survey and former products of some brands to
create a light but durable and rational prices for all types of customers. Specifically, the team will
identify the needs of customers then converting them into customer needs in engineering terms
sensibly. After that, the group will base on the raw data to determine which concepts are suitable
for designing and manufacturing with suitable materials. Finally, our team will note down results
after this project, evaluate the success of the project and experiences throughout the whole period
of work.

In this project, our team will design and develop the table by considering the following key
phases of product development:

I) Introduction

II) Developing a Mission Statement

III) Identifying customer needs

IV) Developing metrics (product characteristics) to address customer needs in engineering terms

V) Develop Need-metric relationship and House of quality

VI) Generating Concepts

II. Developing a mission statement

Market segment:

• Focus of families, newly married couples who can not afford to buy a bigger places to
live
• Families who live in apartments
 • Foldable Dining table with 4 chairs and one with 6 chairs
• Young people who like modest lifestyles

Key business goals:

• Environmental friendly (made of milled woods)

• Save space since dining room isn’t a necessary room to have in a house/ apartment
• Affordable price and can act as a decoration on the wall

Manufacturing and service goals:

• New product platform

• Compatible with any living space
• Materials are from Vietnam
• Manufactured in Vietnam
• Long life-span

Financial target of the project:

• Provide a suitable, yet affordable furniture with long life-span for families and couples.
• Save space and eco-friendly furniture helps improve the standard of living
• Make foldable furniture become well-known among Vietnamese as to be affordable,
diverse and luxurious products at the same time

Constraints:

• High competitive furniture market

• Compete with old-established furniture corporations
• Foldable furniture isn’t well known among Vietnamese

Stakeholders:

• Purchasers and users

• Manufacturing operations
• Service Operations
• Distributors and re-sellers

III. Identifying customer needs

From the survey, we have accumulated the data and analyzed it into the customer needs table:

number need importance

1 the table set is affordable for small-space household 5
2 the table set is well-mixed with other furniture in the house 3
3 the table set is made of wood 4
 4 the table set is lightweight 5
5 the table set lasts a long time 5
6 the table set is rectangular table with 4 seats 4
7 the table set 's size is suitable for everyone 4
8 the table set is made of trustworthy manufacturer 4
9 the table set is easy to fold and unfold 5
10 the table set is easy to install 2
11 the table set is easily stored on the wall 4
12 the table set is waterproof 3
13 the table set is easy to clean 3
14 the table set is safely stored on the wall without falling down 5
15 the table set is easy to access maintenance 3
16 the table set fits in a wide range of house sizes 5
17 the table set saves space 5

IV. Developing metrics (product characteristics) to address customer needs in

engineering terms

Because a foldable dining table has been in the marketplace long ago, we gathered information
of competitors that have products relative to existing ones and compare with our benchmark on
customer needs.

This table represents for comparing customers' thoughts on existing products to which can satisfy
their needs.

metric # need's # metric importance units

1 6,7 length from seat to table surface 4 cm
2 6,7 error value in length from seat to table surface 5 cm
3 6,7 ideal gap for legs 4 cm
4 6,7 error value in gap for legs 5 cm
5 6,7 table height (from the ground to the table surface) 4 cm
6 6,7 seat height (from the ground to the seat) 4 cm
7 6,7,17 seat width 4 cm
8 6,7,17 table width 4 cm
9 3,4 table surface thickness 5 cm
 10 3,4 seat surface thickness 5 cm
11 3,4,6,14 total mass 5 kg
12 3,4 maximum bearing weight 4 kN
13 3,4 safe bearing weight 4 kN
14 8 unit manufacturing cost 4.5 VND
15 10,11 time to assemble the table set parts 2 minute
16 10,15 special tools required for maintenance 3 list
17 5 expected life-span 3.5 year
18 1 standard price 4 VND

There are three competitors in Vietnam we chose to compare on customer needs: Phe Decor,
SPD, Vietnamarch. After synthesizing the available information that we found from the products
of competitors, we get the table called "Benchmark on metrics".

After that, using the table as followed helped us to consider again and set the marginal and ideal
value for our product.

metric
need's # metric importance units Phe Decor SPD Vietnamarch
#
length from seat to
1 6,7 4 cm 35 35.5 35
table surface
error value in length
2 6,7 from seat to table 5 cm < 0.3 < 0.1 < 0.1
surface
3 6,7 ideal gap for legs 4 cm 33 32.5 31.5
error value in gap for
4 6,7 5 mm < 1.0 < 0.8 < 0.9
legs
table height (from the
5 6,7 ground to the table 4 cm 75 75 75
surface)
seat height (from the
6 6,7 4 cm 45 50 50
ground to the seat)
7 6,7,17 seat width 4 cm 28x25 30x30 31x28
8 6,7,17 table width 4 cm 150x80 150x85 150x85
table surface
9 3,4 5 cm 2 3 3.5
thickness
10 3,4 seat surface thickness 5 cm 4 2 2
 11 3,4,6,14 total mass 5 kg 30 25-30 20
maximum bearing
12 3,4 4 kg 150 100 90
weight
13 3,4 safe bearing weight 4 kg 115 75 70
unit manufacturing 5,500,000 3,100,000 1,600,000
14 8 4.5 VND
cost VND VND VND
time to assemble the
15 10,11 2 minute 5 1 1
table set parts
special tools required
16 10,15 3 list none none none
for maintenance
17 5 expected life-span 3.5 year approx 8 approx 10 approx 7
8,100,000 6,000,000 3,400,000
18 1 standard price 4 VND
VND VND VND

Assign marginal and ideal value:

metric
Marginal value Ideal value
# need's # metric importance units
length from seat to table
20-25 20-23
1 6,7 surface 4 cm
error value in length from
0.1-0.3 0.1
2 6,7 seat to table surface 5 cm
3 6,7 ideal gap for legs 4 cm 10-20 12-15
4 6,7 error value in gap for legs 5 mm 0.7-0.9 0.7
table height (from the
70-80 70-75
5 6,7 ground to the table surface) 4 cm
seat height (from the
45-52 48-51
6 6,7 ground to the seat) 4 cm
7 6,7,17 seat width 4 cm 40-50 40-45
8 6,7,17 table width 4 cm 50-100 60-80
9 3,4 table surface thickness 5 cm 0,5-4 1-3
10 3,4 seat surface thickness 5 cm 1-6 1-4
11 3,4,6,14 total mass 5 kg 10-30 10-20
12 3,4 bearing weight 4 kg 80-170 90-150
13 3,4 safe bearing weight 4 kg 60-130 70-120
1.000.000- 1.000.000-
14 8 unit manufacturing cost 4.5 VND 6.000.000 5.000.000
15 10,11 time to assemble the table 2 minute 0,5-2 0,5-1
 set parts
special tools required for
1-5 1-3
16 10,15 maintenance 3 list
17 5 expected life-span 3.5 year 2-10 4-7
3.000.000- 3.000.000-
18 1 standard price 4 VND 10.000.000 8.000.000

After preparing design and finalizing the concept, we set the final specifications as followed.

metric # metric Value units

1 Length from seat to table surface 35 cm
2 Error value in length from seat to table surface <0.25 cm
3 Ideal gap for legs 32 cm
4 Error value in gap for legs <0.8 cm
5 Table height (from the ground to the table surface) 75 cm
6 Seat height (from the ground to the seat) 45 cm
7 Seat width 30x30 cm
8 Table width 150x85 cm
9 Table surface thickness 2.5 cm
10 Seat surface thickness 2 cm
11 Total mass 25 kg
12 Maximum bearing weight 90 kN
13 Safe bearing weight 70 kN
14 Unit manufacturing cost 1,296,000 VND
15 Time to assemble the table set parts 5 minute
16 Special tools required for maintenance none list
17 Expected life-span approx 8 year
18 Standard price 3,500,000 VND

Using the final specifications, we tried to figure out the expected cost to make one table (with the
highest price and the lowest price)

High Low High Total Low Total

Component Qty/Fork (VND ea.) (VND ea.) (VND/fork) (VND/fork)
Plywood panel 1 250000 165000 250000 165000
(or Medium Density
Fibreboard) 1 450000 305000 450000 305000
(or High Density
Fibreboard) 1 550000 410000 550000 410000
Stainless hinge 8 15000 4000 120000 32000
Stainless flat head
screw 12 150 100 1800 1200
Wood table leg 4 65000 55000 260000 220000
Table bracket hanger 1 60000 40000 60000 40000
0 0
Assembly at
150000VND/hr 30 min 20 min 75000 50000
Overhead at 25% of
direct cost 329200 229550
Total 1296000 877750

V. Develop Need-metric relationship and House of quality

We also created competitive benchmarking chart that is based on the needs above. In this table,
the square that has more dots means it has greater satisfaction of customers'need.

Metric need table:

We have finished necessary steps to determine figures and criteria for our concept. The final
process is to make a diagram which gives a clear summary for those factors above. This diagram
– House of quality - will help us avoiding error and improving efficiency in constructing the
project.
 Significantly relevant
Relevant

Insignificantly relevant

Irrelevant

Engineering metrics Competitor Research

error table
seat
value height special
length height
in error (from table seat maximu unit time to tools
Relative Importance from ideal (from safe
Phe Vietnam
length value in the seat table surface surface m manufa assemble require expected standard
seat to gap for the total mass bearing SPD
from gap for ground width width thicknes thickne bearing cturing the table d for life-span price decor arch
(Rating 1= low, 5=high) table
seat to
legs
legs to the
ground
s ss weight
weight
cost set parts mainte
surface to the
table table nance
seat)
surface surface)

the table set is affordable for small-space

5 3 2 4
household

3 2 3 3
the table set is well-mixed with other
furniture in the house

the table set is made of wood 4

4 5 5

the table set is lightweight 5

3 2 4

the table set lasts a long time 5 3 4 3

the table set is rectangular table with 4

4
seats 4 4 4

the table set 's size is suitable for

4
everyone 2 4 4

the table set is made of trustworthy

4
manufacturer 3 3 2

the table set is easy to fold and unfold 5 3 2 2

the table set is easy to install 2 1 3 2

the table set is easily stored on the wall 4 3 4 4

the table set is waterproof 3 2 1 2

the table set is easy to clean 3 2 1 1

the table set is safely stored on the wall

5 3 4 4
without falling down

the table set is easy to access maintenance 3 1 2 1

the table set fits in a wide range of house

5 4 4 4
sizes

the table set saves space 5 4 4 4

Measurement units cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm cm kg kN kN VND minute list year VND

 1,296,
approx 3,500,000
Object Target Value 35 <0.25 32 <0.8 75 45 30x30 150x85 2.5 2 25 90 70 000 10 none
8 VND
VND

Meet Criteria (y/n) y y y y y y y y n n y n n y n year

5,500,
approx 8,100,000
Phe Decor 35 < 0.3 33 < 1.0 75 45 28x25 150x80 2 4 30 150 115 000 5 none
8 VND
VND

3,100,
Engineering Metrics approx 6,000,000
SPD 35.5 < 0.1 32.5 < 0.8 75 50 30x30 150x85 3 2 25-30 100 75 000 1 none
Benchmark 10 VND
VND

1,600,
approx 3,400,000
Vietnamarch 35 < 0.1 31.5 < 0.9 75 50 31x28 150x85 3.5 2 20 90 70 000 1 none
7 VND
VND
VI. Generating Concepts

Problem decomposition: Function diagram

External Search:
• Lead Users
o benefit from improvement
o innovation source
• Benchmarking
o competitive products
• Experts
o technical experts
o experienced customers
• Patents
o search related inventions
• Literature
o technical journals
o trade literature

Internal Search:
• Suspend judgment
• Generate a lot of ideas
• Infeasible ideas are welcome
• Use graphical and physical media
• Make analogies
• Wish and wonder
• Solve the conflict
 • Use related stimuli
• Use unrelated stimuli
• Set quantitative goals
• Use the gallery method
• Trade ideas in a group

Systematic Exploration: Combination table

a. DROP-LEAF TABLE SET WITH CHAIRS STORED UNDERNEATH TABLE

b. DROP-LEAF TABLE WITH CABINET

c. UNSEPARATED MOUNTED-TO-WALL TABLE SET
d) FREE-LEG MOUNTED-TO-WALL TABLE
e) FOLDABLE TABLE COMBINE WITH SHELF
f) FOLDABLE MOUNTED-TO-WALL TABLE
g) MOBILE AND EASY-TO-STORE FOLDABLE DINING/PICNIC TABLE
VII. CONCEPT SELECTION

We now summary 7 concepts into the two tables below to choose what the best option for customer's
need is. After evaluating from the screening table, three concepts are chosen to continue developing. As
we can see in the concept scoring table, there are six criteria to be considered. The most important one is
fitting in small size space and the least factors are durability and ease of cleaning.

CONCEPT
CONCEPT VARIANTS
SCREENING
1 2 3 4 5 6 Folda 7
Selection Criteri
Drop- Drop- Unseparated mount Free- Foldable ble mounted-to- Dining/Picn
a
leaf leaf ed-to-wall table set leg mounte table wall table ic Table
 table table d-to- combine (Reference)
set with wall table d with
with cabine shelf
chairs t

Easy of
+ + - + + + 0
cleaning
Durability  + 0 0 - + 0 0
Ease of setting + + + -
0 + 0
up
Fit in small size + + + +
- + 0
house
Manufacturing 0 + 0 -
0 0 0
cost
Light weight - - + 0 - _ 0
PLUSES(+) 4 4 3 2 2 3
SAMES(0) 1 1 2 1 2 2
MINUSES(-) 1 1 1 3 2 1
NET 3 3 2 -1 0 2
RANK 1 2 3 6 5 4
CONTINUE? YES YES YES NO NO NO

CONCEPT SCORING  Concepts 

  1 3
2
Drop- Unseparated mounted-to-
Drop-leaf table set
leaf table set with chai wall table set
with cabinet
rs 
Selection Rating Weighted Scor Rating Weighted Scor Ratin
Weighted Score 
Criteria  Weight    e      e  g 
Ease of cleaning 10%  5  0.5 5  0.75  4 0.4
Durability  10%  4 0.4 2  0.2  3 0.3
Ease of setting
15%  4  0.6  4  0.6  3 0.45
up 
Fit in small size
30%  5 1.5 4  0.8   4 1.2
house
Affordable price 
20%  4 0.8 2  0.3   3 0.6
Light weight 15%  3 0.45 2  0.4   4 0.6
Total score  4.25 3.55  3.55 
Rank  1  3 4 
Continue?  Develop  No  No 
From the two tables, the drop-leaf table set with chairs is chosen to be the most suitable for customer's
needs with total score 4.25
 VII. PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE

In this project, we use the concept of modular to perform the product architecture

1. Table set Schematic

- Table:

Extension Hinge Support Support Hinge Extension

part 1 bracket bracket part 2

Main
tabletop

Table
legs

- Chair

Chair Front Folding Behind Chair

back legs bracket legs seat

2. Cluster elements into Chunks

- Table:

1st extension part 2nd extension part

Extension Hinge Support Support Hinge Extension

part 1 bracket bracket part 2

Main
tabletop

Table
legs
Table
- Chair

Chair Front Folding Behind Chair

back legs bracket legs seat

Pillar part Folding part

3. Geometric layout
The figures below are the 3D layouts of the drop-leaf table and the chair from the drop-leaf table
set:
a. Table:
Fixed section

Supported Base
legs Hinged
leaves

b. Chair:
 Rail

Seat

Connectors

Rear leg
Front leg

Spindle

4. Incidental interactions
a. Table:

1st extension part 2nd extension part

Extension Hinge Support Support Hinge Extension

part 1 bracket bracket part 2

Main Concentrated loads

tabletop

Table
legs
Table

b. Chair
 Chair Front Folding Behind Chair
back legs bracket legs seat

Pillar part Folding part

Vertical seat loads

VII. DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENT

One of the most important factors which we have evaluated throughout the development process is
how to build a product that is environmentally friendly. This criterion cannot be met without one of
these two characteristics: Environmentally friendly in production environmentally friendly in use.

1. Environmentally friendly in production

a) Source of electricity: We have installed new solar panels from First Solar company, which cost
$500,000. These panels help us to reduce the use of national (EVN) grid, which is now mainly
from unrenewable sources. Moreover, this equipment allows our firm to eliminate the loss of
performance and revenue in case of power cut.

Contribution in our electricity use

New First Solar panels National grid Biofuel (in demo)
15% 80% 5%
 b) Recyclable, sustainable raw material:
This foldable dining table set is mainly made from wood. Wood is one of the renewable natural
resource and it is the only building material whose amount is constantly increasing. Moreover, we
eliminate most of toxic chemicals in production process, except some essential compounds in
anti-insect paint.

2. Environmentally friendly in use

a) Durable components and materials: Our raw wood is Spruce wood, which is mainly used in ships
and aircrafts. This type of wood is strong and hard enough to have a long relative lifespan. The
metal joints and standings are stainless steel 304.

Ingredient
Spruce wood Additive compounds Stainless steel 304
65% 20% 15%

b) Ease to reuse and recycle: Both chair and table of our product can be broken down to use with
multiple purposes with suitable device. Customers can follow our instruction notes in boxes.
There are also specific guidelines for recycling plants.

IX. DESIGN FOR MANUFACTURING

Except the new design of chair and table, all of supporting parts like metal joints and standings are
standardized components. Therefore, we do not have any difficulties in dealing with excess
assembling cost for new components.

a) New equipment for assembly (ease of assembly):

This is the first time we launch robots in our plants. These machines increase performance of
firms, quality of products, maximize force of labor and avoid work accidents
• ABB handling robot:

• ABB painting robot:

 b) Bill of materials:
Component Purchased Processing Assembly Total Total Total
material (Machine+Labor) (Labor) Unit Unit Cost
Variable Fixed
Cost Cost
Spruce 500,000 20,000 19,000 539,000 50,000 589,000
wood
Steel 304 100,000 5,000 5,000 110,000 30,000 140,000
Additive 50,000 8,000 58,000 58,000
compounds
Total 650,000 25,000 32,000 707,000 80,000 787,000
Direct Cost
Overhead 250,000 50,000 101,000 108,000 509,000
Charges
Total Cost 1,296,000
(Cost per unit, in VND)

c) Final sketch
X. PROTOTYPE

3D sketching figures of the foldable dining table:

XI. CONCLUSION

In this project, we developed the design and development of the foldable dining table by considering the
various phases of product development. The mission statement of the project was defined first to serve as
a guideline during product development phases. To identify customer needs, the project team started by
gathering raw data from customers. After getting the voice of customers, the data was translated in terms
of customer requirements. The relative importance of needs was appropriately allocated to each need on a
scale of 1-10. To build the House of Quality, the team developed a list of metrics for each of the
customer needs to establish the relationship between the needs of the customers and the product
characteristic (in engineering terms). The highest characteristics were weight and space-saving. Therefore
it was concluded that improving these characteristics would lead to customer satisfaction. For concept
generation, the team came up with the seven design concepts. The concept combination table was used
for the systematic exploration of different design concepts. Finally, the concept scoring matrix was used
for concept selection in which concept a (Drop-leaf table set with chairs stored underneath the table)
received the highest score. Therefore, Concept was finally chosen as the best design for the foldable
dining table.

For the design and development of the foldable dining table, the team mainly focused on developing a
product and process plan and conducted the following activities:

• Product architecture.

• Design for manufacture

In the final phase, the foldable dining table were prepared and successfully demonstrated in the
classroom.
APPENDIX

FOLDABLE DINING TABLE SET SURVEY FORM

Part 1: demographic/ personal information
1. How would you describe your personal status:
 Just married
 Leave with family (>= 1 person(s))
 Leaving alone
 In a relationship (Cohabitation)
2. How much is your income?
 < 5 million VND
 5 million VND - 10 million VND
 10 million VND - 20 million VND
 > 20 million VND
3. How would you describe your living space
 Small (< 40 m2)
 Regular (40 m2 – 60 m2)
 Medium (60 m2 - 90m2)
 Large (> 90m2)
Part 2: personal insights:
4. Do you use a dining table at home? (yes/no)

5. What do you like about your dining table set?

6. What do you dislike about your dining table set?

7. Since foldable furniture can widen your living space to give you a sense of relaxation, are you
perhaps interested in foldable furniture? (yes/no/other)
8. What factors may determine your decision when buying furniture?
(Vote from 1 to 10)
 Price
 Color
 Material
 Shape
 Size
 Origin of manufacturing
 Brand
 Life-span
 User friendly
9. In your own opinion, what kind of main material should be used to create the foldable table set
that is light and store easily? (Stainless steel, wood, aluminum, other…)
10. What shape do you prefer as your suitable table? (Round shape, Rectangular shape, Square shape,
Oval shape)
11. Since tables has many sizes, what particular size do you prefer as the suitable table for your
home?
12. How interested are you in foldable dining table set that can fixed on the wall? (1 to 10 scores)
13. What was your range of budget when buying your current table set?
 2 million VND – 4 million VND
 4 million VND – 6 million VND
 6 million VND – 10 million VND
 > 10 million VND

14. What range of price you think is suitable to purchase a fold-up table set?
• 2 million VND – 4 million VND
• 4 million VND – 6 million VND
• 6 million VND – 10 million VND
• 10 million VND

REFERENCES

1. Sieuthiduan.vn. 2020. Diện Tích Nhà Ở Tại Việt Nam Thấp Hơn Nhiều So Với Thế Giới - Công Ty
Cổ Phần Bất Động Sản Thế Kỷ - ĐKKD Số 0101160306 Do Sở Kế Hoạch Và Đầu Tư Thành Phố Hà
Nội Cấp Ngày 20 Tháng 08 Năm 2001. [online] Available at: <http://sieuthiduan.vn/tin-tuc/chi-
tiet/3618/dien-tich-nha-o-tai-viet-nam-thap-hon-nhieu-so-voi-the-gioi>

2. Table, B. and Table, G., 2020. Benefits Of Folding Tables | Nisbets Buying Guides & Articles.
[online] Nisbets.co.uk. Available at: <https://www.nisbets.co.uk/benefitsoffoldingtables>
3. TODAY.com. 2020. This Foldable Desk Is Great For Working From Home — And It's Under $100.
[online] Available at: <https://www.today.com/tmrw/foldable-desk-working-home-under-100-
t177703> .