Bolt Marking & Identification – Metric & UNC/UNF

BM BM
Metric Imperial
M

Class 4.6 SAE Grade 5

(Mild Steel) (High Tensile)

BM
Metric Imperial
BM
8.8

Class 8.8 SAE Grade 8

M

(High Tensile) (Higher Tensile)

BM
Metric
10.9

Class 10.9
(Higher Tensile)

BM BM
Metric Metric
Grade 304 Class 8.8
(Stainless Steel) (Structural)
A2

8.8

70

BM
Metric
Grade 316 B7 B7 Studs
(Stainless Steel) (High Tensile)
A4

70
Nut Marking & Identification – Metric & UNC/UNF

BM BM
Metric Metric 304 Imperial
Class 5 Class 70 SAE Grade 8
(Stainless Steel)

A2-70

BM BM
Metric Metric 316 Imperial
Class 5 Class 70 SAE Grade 8

BM
(Stainless Steel)

A4-70

BM
Metric Imperial

BM
Class 8 SAE Grade 8
BM

Structural
Class 8

BM

Metric Imperial
Class 8 SAE Grade 8
BM

BM BM
Metric Imperial Imperial
Class 10 SAE Grade 5 SAE Grade 8
BM

BM BM

Metric Imperial
Class 10 SAE Grade 5

10
 Tensile Load Comparison

Metric Stress UNC Stress Tensile Load in kN *

Coarse Area Area PC 4.6 PC 4.8 SAE PC 8.8 SAE PC 10.9
sq mm sq mm G.5 G8
M3 5.03 5-40 5.14 2.01 2.11 4.25 4.02 5.32 5.23
M3.5 6.78 6-32 5.86 2.71 2.85 4.85 5.42 6.06 7.05
M4 8.78 8-32 9.04 3.51 3.69 7.48 7.02 9.35 9.13
M5 14.20 10-24 11.31 5.68 5.96 9.36 11.36 11.70 14.77
M6 20.10 1/4 20.50 8.04 8.44 16.97 16.08 21.21 20.90
M8 36.60 5/16 33.80 14.64 15.37 27.97 29.28 34.97 38.06
M10 58.00 3/8 50.00 23.20 24.36 41.38 46.40 51.72 60.32
7/16 68.60 56.77 70.97
M12 84.30 1/2 91.50 33.72 35.41 75.72 67.44 94.65 87.67
M14 115.00 9/16 117.00 46.00 48.30 96.83 92.00 121.03 119.60
M16 157.00 5/8 146.00 62.80 65.94 120.83 125.60 151.03 163.28
M18 192.00 76.80 80.64 159.36 199.68
M20 245.00 3/4 216.00 98.00 102.90 178.76 203.35 223.45 254.80
M22 303.00 7/8 298.00 121.20 127.26 246.62 251.49 308.28 315.12
M24 353.00 1 391.00 141.20 148.26 323.58 292.99 404.48 367.12
M27 459.00 183.60 192.78 380.97 477.36
1.1/8 492.00 356.27 508.96
M30 561.00 224.40 235.62 465.63 583.44
1.1/4 625.00 452.58 646.55
1.3/8 745.00 539.48 770.69
M36 817.00 326.80 343.12 678.11 849.68
1.1/2 907.00 656.79 938.27
M39 976.00 390.40 409.92 810.08 1015.04

Tensile Load derived from Stress Area in square mm,

Multiplied by Min Tensile Strength
 Yield Load Comparison

Metric Stress UNC Stress Yield Load in kN *

Coarse Area Area PC 4.6 PC 4.8 SAE PC 8.8 SAE PC 10.9
sq mm sq mm G.5 G8
M3 5.03 5-40 5.14 1.21 1.71 3.26 3.22 4.61 4.73
M3.5 6.78 6-32 5.86 1.63 2.31 3.72 4.34 5.25 6.37
M4 8.78 8-32 9.04 2.11 2.99 5.74 5.62 8.10 8.25
M5 14.20 10-24 11.31 3.41 4.83 7.17 9.09 10.14 13.35
M6 20.10 1/4 20.50 4.82 6.83 13.01 12.86 18.38 18.89
M8 36.60 5/16 33.80 8.78 12.44 21.45 23.42 30.30 34.40
M10 58.00 3/8 50.00 13.92 19.72 31.72 37.12 44.83 54.52
7/16 68.60 43.53 61.50
M12 84.30 1/2 91.50 20.23 28.66 58.05 53.95 82.03 79.24
M14 115.00 9/16 117.00 27.60 39.10 74.23 73.60 104.90 108.10
M16 157.00 5/8 146.00 37.68 53.38 92.63 100.48 130.90 147.58
M18 192.00 46.08 65.28 126.72 180.48
M20 245.00 3/4 216.00 58.80 83.30 137.05 161.70 193.65 230.30
M22 303.00 7/8 298.00 72.72 103.02 189.08 199.98 267.17 284.82
M24 353.00 1 391.00 84.72 120.02 248.08 232.98 350.55 331.82
M27 459.00 110.16 156.06 302.94 431.46
1.1/8 492.00 274.84 441.10
M30 561.00 134.64 190.74 370.26 527.34
1.1/4 625.00 349.14 560.34
1.3/8 745.00 416.17 667.93
M36 817.00 196.08 277.78 539.22 767.98
1.1/2 907.00 506.67 813.17
M39 976.00 234.24 331.84 644.16 917.44

Yield Load derived from Stress Area in Square mm,

Multiplied by min Yield Strength
 Recommended Assembly Torques

Class 4.6 ISO Metric Coarse Pitch Bolts & Screws

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Pitch (mm) kN Nm
M1.6 0.35 0.19 0.06
M2 0.40 0.31 0.12
M2.5 0.45 0.50 0.25
M3 0.50 0.73 0.44
M4 0.70 1.29 1
M5 0.80 2.08 2.1
M6 1.00 2.94 3.5
M8 1.25 5.34 8.5
M10 1.50 8.45 17
M12 1.75 12.4 30
M14 2.00 16.8 47
M16 2.00 22.9 73
M18 2.50 28.1 101
M20 2.50 35.8 143
M22 2.50 44.3 195
M24 3.00 51.6 248
M27 3.00 67 362
M30 3.50 81.9 491
M33 3.50 101 669
M36 4.00 120 864
M39 4.00 143 1115
M42 4.50 164 1378
M48 5.00 215 2064
M56 5.50 298 3338
M64 6.00 393 5030

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 External Thread Dimensions for Metric Coarse Pitch Screw Threads
Diameter Pitch Thread Major Diameter Pitch Diameter Minor Stress Tapping Clearance
Fit Diameter Area Drill Size Drill Size
Class Max Min Max Min Min mm² mm mm
M1.6 0.35 6g 1.581 1.496 1.354 1.291 1.075 1.27 1.25 1.65
M1.8 0.35 6g 1.781 1.696 1.554 1.491 1.275 1.7 1.45 1.85
M2 0.4 6g 1.981 1.886 1.721 1.654 1.408 2.07 1.60 2.05
M2.2 0.45 6g 2.180 2.080 1.888 1.817 1.539 2.48 1.75 2.25
M2.5 0.45 6g 2.480 2.380 2.188 2.117 1.839 3.39 2.05 2.60
M3 0.5 6g 2.980 2.874 2.655 2.580 2.272 5.03 2.50 3.10
M3.5 0.6 6g 3.479 3.354 3.089 3.004 2.635 6.78 2.90 3.60
M4 0.7 6g 3.978 3.838 3.523 3.433 3.002 8.78 3.30 4.10
M4.5 0.75 6g 4.478 4.338 3.991 3.901 3.439 11.30 3.70 4.60
M5 0.80 6g 4.976 4.826 4.456 4.361 3.868 14.20 4.20 5.10
8g 4.976 4.740 4.456 4.306 3.814 14.20 4.20 5.10
M6 1.0 6g 5.974 5.794 5.324 5.212 4.597 20.1 5.00 6.10
8g 5.974 5.694 5.324 5.144 4.528 20.1 5.00 6.10
M8 1.25 6g 7.972 7.760 7.160 7.042 6.272 36.6 6.80 8.20
8g 7.972 7.637 7.160 6.970 6.200 36.6 6.80 8.20
M10 1.5 6g 9.968 9.732 8.994 8.862 7.938 58.0 8.50 10.20
8g 9.968 9.593 8.994 8.782 7.858 58.0 8.50 10.20
M12 1.75 6g 11.966 11.701 10.829 10.679 9.602 84.3 10.20 12.20
8g 11.966 11.541 10.829 10.593 9.516 84.3 10.20 12.20
M14 2.0 6g 13.962 13.682 12.663 12.503 11.271 115.0 12.00 14.25
8g 13.962 13.512 12.663 12.413 11.181 115.0 12.00 14.25
M16 2.0 6g 15.962 15.682 14.663 14.503 13.271 157.0 14.00 16.25
8g 15.962 15.512 14.663 14.413 13.181 157.0 14.00 16.25
M18 2.5 6g 17.958 17.623 16.334 16.164 14.624 192.0 15.50 18.25
8g 17.958 17.428 16.334 16.069 14.529 192.0 15.50 18.25
M20 2.5 6g 19.958 19.623 18.334 18.164 16.624 245.0 17.50 20.25
8g 19.958 16.428 18.334 18.069 16.529 245.0 17.50 20.25
M22 2.5 6g 21.958 21.623 20.334 20.164 18.624 303.0 19.50 22.25
8g 21.958 21.428 20.334 20.069 18.529 303.0 19.50 22.25
M24 3.0 6g 23.952 23.577 22.003 21.803 19.955 353.0 21.00 24.25
8g 23.952 23.352 22.003 21.688 19.840 353.0 21.00 24.25
M27 3.0 6g 26.952 26.577 25.003 24.803 22.955 459.0 24.00 27.25
8g 26.952 26.352 25.003 24.688 22.840 459.0 24.00 27.25
M30 3.5 6g 29.947 29.522 27.674 27.462 25.305 561.0 26.50 30.50
8g 29.947 29.277 27.674 27.339 25.182 561.0 26.50 30.50
M33 3.5 6g 32.947 32.522 30.674 30.462 28.305 694.0 29.50 33.50
8g 32.947 32.277 30.674 30.339 28.182 694.0 29.50 33.50
M36 4.0 6g 35.940 35.465 33.342 33.118 30.654 817.0 32.00 36.50
8g 35.940 35.190 33.342 32.987 30.523 817.0 32.00 36.50
M39 4.0 6g 38.940 38.465 36.342 36.118 33.654 976.0 35.00 39.50
8g 38.940 38.190 36.342 35.987 33.523 976.0 35.00 39.50
M42 4.5 6g 41.937 41.437 39.014 38.778 36.006 1121.0 37.50 42.50
8g 41.937 41.137 39.014 38.639 35.876 1121.0 37.50 42.50
M45 4.5 6g 44.937 44.437 42.014 41.778 39.006 1306.0 40.50 45.50
8g 44.937 44.137 42.014 41.639 38.867 1306.0 40.50 45.50
M48 5.0 6g 47.929 47.399 44.681 44.431 41.351 1473.0 43.00 48.50
8g 47.929 47.079 44.681 44.281 41.201 1473.0 43.00 48.50
M52 5.0 6g 51.929 51.399 48.681 48.431 45.351 1758.0 47.00 53.00
8g 51.929 51.079 46.681 48.281 45.201 1758.0 47.00 53.00
M56 5.5 6g 55.925 55.365 52.353 52.088 48.700 2030.0 50.50 57.00
8g 55.925 55.025 52.353 51.928 48.540 2030.0 50.50 57.00
M64 6.0 6g 63.920 63.320 60.023 59.743 56.047 2676.0 58.00 65.00
8g 63.920 62.970 60.023 59.573 55.877 2676.0 58.00 65.00
M72 6.0 6g 71.920 71.320 68.023 67.743 64.047 3460.0 66.00 73.00
M80 6.0 6g 79.920 79.320 76.023 75.743 72.047 4340.0 74.00 81.00
M90 6.0 6g 89.920 89.320 86.023 85.743 82.047 5590.0 84.00 91.00
M100 6.0 6g 99.920 99.320 96.023 95.723 92.027 6990.0 94.00 102.00
 Recommended Assembly Torques

BSW Mild Steel Bolts & Screws

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Threads Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
1/4” 20 736 3
5/16” 18 1208 6
3/8” 16 1786 11
7/16” 14 2451 18
1/2” 12 3176 26
5/8” 11 5206 54
3/4” 10 7705 96
7/8” 9 10641 155
1” 8 13943 232
1.1/8” 7 17566 329
1.1/4” 7 22473 468
1.1/2” 6 32334 808

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

Class 8.8 ISO Metric Coarse Pitch Bolts & Screws

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Pitch (mm) kN Nm
M1.6 0.35 0.48 0.15
M2 0.40 0.78 0.31
M2.5 0.45 1.28 0.64
M3 0.50 1.9 1.1
M4 0.70 3.32 2.7
M5 0.80 5.35 5
M6 1.00 7.54 9
M8 1.25 13.8 22
M10 1.50 21.9 44
M12 1.75 31.8 77
M14 2.00 43.4 122
M16 2.00 59.2 190
M18 2.50 74.8 269
M20 2.50 95.6 372
M22 2.50 118 519
M24 3.00 138 640
M27 3.00 179 967
M30 3.50 219 1314
M33 3.50 270 1782
M36 4.00 319 2297
M39 4.00 380 2970
M42 4.50 437 3671
M48 5.00 573 5500
M56 5.50 792 8870
M64 6.00 1045 13376

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

Class 10.9 ISO Metric Coarse Pitch Bolts & Screws

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Pitch (mm) kN Nm
M5 0.80 7.67 8
M6 1.00 10.9 13
M8 1.25 19.8 32
M10 1.50 31.3 63
M12 1.75 45.5 109
M14 2.00 62.1 174
M16 2.00 84.5 270
M18 2.50 103 371
M20 2.50 132 528
M22 2.50 164 722
M24 3.00 190 914
M27 3.00 248 1339
M30 3.50 303 1817
M33 3.50 371 2449
M36 4.00 441 3173
M39 4.00 527 4110

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

Class 12.9 ISO Metric Coarse Pitch Bolts & Screws

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Pitch (mm) kN Nm
M3 0.50 3.17 1.9
M4 0.70 5.54 4.4
M5 0.80 8.97 8.9
M6 1.00 12.7 15
M8 1.25 23.1 37
M10 1.50 36.6 73
M12 1.75 53.2 128
M14 2.00 72.8 203
M16 2.00 98.8 316
M18 2.50 121 436
M20 2.50 155 620
M22 2.50 191 840
M24 3.00 222 1066
M27 3.00 289 1561
M30 3.50 354 2124
M33 3.50 437 2884
M36 4.00 515 3708

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

ly Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

SAE Grade 5 Bolts & Screws – UNF Thread

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Threads Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
1/4 28 2010 8
5/16 24 3180 17
3/8 24 4840 30
7/16 20 6560 48
1/2 20 8840 74
9/16 18 11240 105
5/8 18 14170 148
3/4 16 20600 258
7/8 14 28100 410
1 12 36600 610
1.1/8 12 41100 771
1.1/4 12 51600 1075
1.3/8 12 63200 1448
1.1/2 12 76000 1900

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

SAE Grade 8 Bolts & Screws – UNF Thread

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Threads Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
1/4 28 2820 12
5/16 24 4510 23
3/8 24 6820 43
7/16 20 9230 67
1/2 20 12480 104
9/16 18 15860 149
5/8 18 19950 208
3/4 16 29120 364
7/8 14 39700 549
1 12 51700 862
1.1/8 12 66700 1241
1.1/4 12 83700 1744
1.3/8 12 102500 2349
1.1/2 12 123300 3083

SAE Grade 5 & 8 Bolts & Screws – 1” SAE

Bolt Tension Recommended

Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter 1” SAE Threads Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
Grade 5 14 37500 625
Grade 8 14 53000 883

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

SAE Grade 5 Bolts & Screws – UNC Thread

Bolt Tension Recommended
Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Thread Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
1/4 20 1760 7
5/16 18 2890 15
3/8 16 4290 27
7/16 14 5880 43
1/2 13 7860 66
9/16 12 10070 94
5/8 11 12480 130
3/4 10 18460 231
7/8 9 25550 373
1 8 33470 558
1.1/8 7 36700 688
1.1/4 7 46600 971
1.3/8 6 55500 1272
1.1/2 6 67600 1690
1.3/4 5 91300 2663
2 4.5 120200 4007
2.1/4 4.5 156300 5861
2.1/2 4 192400 8017
2.3/4 4 237100 10867
3 4 287100 14355
3.1/4 4 341500 18498
3.1/2 4 400600 23368
3.3/4 4 464600 29038
4 4 532900 35527

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7
 Recommended Assembly Torques

SAE Grade 8 Bolts & Screws – UNC Thread

Bolt Tension Recommended
Corresponding to Assembly
65% of Proof Load Torque
Diameter Thread Per Inch lbf lbft
(TPI)
1/4 20 2470 10
5/16 18 4090 21
3/8 16 6040 38
7/16 14 8320 61
1/2 13 11050 92
9/16 12 14170 133
5/8 11 17610 183
3/4 10 26060 326
7/8 9 36000 525
1 8 47200 787
1.1/8 7 59500 1116
1.1/4 7 75500 1573
1.3/8 6 90000 2063
1.1/2 6 109500 2738
1.3/4 5 148200 4323
2 4.5 195000 6500
2.1/4 4.5 253500 9506
2.1/2 4 312000 13000
2.3/4 4 384500 17623
3 4 465600 23280
3.1/4 4 553800 29998
3.1/2 4 649700 37899
3.3/4 4 753400 47088
4 4 864200 57613

To convert kN to lbf; Multiply Kn by 224.809

To convert Nm to lbft: Multiply Nm by 0.737562

Surface Condition Torque Adjustment Factors

Plain Steel, as supplied x 1.0
Plain Steel, degreased x 2.0
Zinc Plated, as supplied x 1.0
Zinc Plated, lightly oiled x 0.9
Galvanised, degreased x 2.1
Galvanised, lightly oiled x 1.1
Heavily greased x 0.7