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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................5
5. PROTECTION CRITERIA................................................................................................9
6.4. Re-start operation and re-start checks (for impressed current only).................................................................... 17
7. MAINTENANCE.............................................................................................................18
8. RECORDKEEPING .......................................................................................................23
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................25
5. CRITERES DE PROTECTION.......................................................................................29
7. ENTRETIEN...................................................................................................................38
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Scope
This specification together with reference documentation is a manual for use and
regulation of cathodic protection system relevant to tanks installed in LNG plant
in Arzew, Algeria and includes instructions for the maintenance of such cathodic
protection system.
2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Appropriate PPE, such as safety glasses, safety shoes with electrically insulated
soles, etc., shall be worn. Fall restraining devices shall be used when working on
top of structures such as storage tanks.
4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The permanent cathodic protection for the external surfaces of bottom plate of
the firewater storage tank is achieved by impressed current cathodic protection
system with a Ti/MMO grid system utilizing mixed metal oxide ribbon anodes.
These anodes are installed beneath the tank bottom. Ti/MMO grid is powered by
a dedicated T/R unit.
The system comprises a T/R unit, anode junction, Ti/MMO grid system,
monitoring boxes, Ag/AgCl reference electrodes and connecting and monitoring
cables.
The cathodic protection for the internal surface of the Skimmed Oil Tank is
achieved by sacrificial anode cathodic protection system, based on the use of
zinc alloy sacrificial anodes.
The system comprises anode junction, sacrificial anodes, monitoring box, and
connecting and monitoring cables.
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 9 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
5. PROTECTION CRITERIA
The CP system shall provide a protective potential range between -0.85 V and -
1.05 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode for all buried carbon steel external
surfaces.
The above protective steel-to-soil potential is intended as polarized (IR free,
Instant Off) potential.
Upon completion of the construction of the tank, the as found tank to soil
potentials shall be recorded versus each of the installed permanent Ag/AgCl
reference electrodes.
Nomogram for the correction of potential readings made with the Ag/AgCl electrode of
varying resistivity against the SCE and Cu/CuSO4 reference electrodes
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 11 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
The measure principle is that interrupting the known cathodic protection current
source(s) eliminates voltage drops associated with the protective currents being
interrupted.
The following procedure shall be followed when this test is conducted.
Before the test, verify that cathodic protection equipment has been installed and
is operating properly. Sufficient time should be allowed for the tank potentials to
reach polarized values.
• Place in operation cyclic current interrupter equipment in all DC current
sources at the test site. The “Off” interval should be kept as short as possible
but still long enough to read a polarized tank to electrolyte potential after any
“spike” has collapsed (normally a cyclic is set of 8 sec ON and 2 sec OFF).
• Record the location of the electrode to allow it to be returned to the same
location for subsequent tests.
• Connect the voltmeter to the tank connection inside the test point and
reference electrode as described in above.
• Record the tank to electrolyte “On” and “instant Off” potentials and their
polarities with respect to the reference electrode.
• Record the measurements to determine the level of cathodic protection over
the entire structures in accordance with §5.2.1.
Cathodic protection shall be judged adequate at the test site if the polarized
(instant Off) tank to electrolyte potential is at -850 mV, or more negative, with
respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
This method is especially useful for and this method is advantageous in places
where as found potentials are low (for example, 500 mV or less negative) or the
current required to meet a negative 900 mV polarized potential criterion is
considered excessive.
The following procedure shall be followed when this test is conducted.
Before the test, verify that cathodic protection equipment has been installed and
is operating properly. Sufficient time should be allowed for the tank potentials to
reach polarized values.
• Connect the voltmeter to the tank and reference electrode
• Turn off the cathodic protection current sources that influence the tank at the
test site.
• Record the tank-to-electrolyte “On” and “instant Off” potentials and their
polarities with respect to the reference electrode.
• The instant-off tank to electrolyte potential is the “baseline” potential from
which the polarization decay is calculated.
• Record a sufficient number of measurements to determine the level of
cathodic protection over the entire structure in accordance with 5.2.1 and for
each location potential measure shall be taken at T1 (instant off),T2 (20 min
after T1) and T3 (2 hours after T1) time, and so on.
Continue to measure and record the tank-to electrolyte potential until it either:
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 12 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Cathodic protection shall be judged adequate at the test site if 100 mV or more of
polarization decay is measured with respect to a standard reference electrode.
After allowing the tank to polarise for a minimum of two weeks the polarised tank
to soil potential and T/R units output shall be recorded. If necessary the current
output shall be rebalanced to maintain an uniform current output and meet either
of the criteria §5.1.
When the polarized piping-to-electrolyte potential has been determined to be
equal to or greater than negative 900 mV, the tank “On” potential may be used
for monitoring unless significant environmental, structural, coating integrity or
cathodic protection system parameters have changed.
The purpose of this method is to demonstrate that current is able to enter the
structure at critical locations either:
• By determining the voltage drop across a shunt at the distribution boxes.
• With a clamp/clip type ammeter at the feeding cables.
The type and use of instrument for measurement should be suitable for the
prevailing electrical and environmental conditions.
During Normal Operation, for check T/R, follow the Vendor Documentation.
This section recommends procedures and practices for maintaining the effective
and efficient operation of cathodic protection systems for on-grade carbon steel
tank bottom.
Normal checks of the cathodic protection system could be divided into Monthly,
Quarterly and Annual Checks.
Major items involved - in visual (V) and instrumental (S) checks - are T/R unit,
cable, anodic chain, Positive and Negative Distribution Boxes.
All cathodic protection systems should be inspected as part of a
predictive/preventive maintenance program to minimize in-service failure.
The following chart suggests the frequency of the checks to be performed on the
major items of the cathodic protection system:
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 13 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
The first step in conducting a rectifier inspection is to record the rectifier number,
location, voltage, current and voltage ratings and "as-found" tap settings.
This can be done by Operations or Maintenance personnel who visit the site on a
regular basis for purposes other than those relating to cathodic protection. If the
checks are done by non-cathodic protection personnel, they shall report any
abnormality in rectifier operation to the cathodic protection personnel who
operate the system.
Cathodic protection personnel shall visit rectifier sites on a quarterly basis and
immediately prior to the annual survey, to read and record rectifier output volts
and amps.
Verify these readings with a portable meter and calibrate rectifier meters
accordingly.
Also check and record oil level and oil temperature on oil-immersed units.
Visual inspection
Annually, visually inspect the cabinet, terminals and components for mechanical
damage, continued serviceability, access and safety.
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 14 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Visually inspect the cabinet, terminals and components for mechanical damage,
continued serviceability, access, and safety.
Individually check all connections and fittings for cleanliness and tightness.
Annually, check individually all connections and fittings for cleanliness and
tightness.
Required maintenance if any shall be conducted as follows:
• For impressed current cathodic protection system only, switch off the channel
of the T/R unit relevant to the Anodes Distribution Box.
• Take apart and clean all connections and bolted fittings, using wire brush or
emery paper if rust or degradation is present.
• Apply an oxide inhibiting compound to all cables and connections, then
reinstall all cables and connections.
• Apply an insulating tape or compounds to all bare copper of cables and
connections.
• Replace the cable tags and ID codes if necessary.
• Inspect, and if required, repair or replace the door seals.
• Check grounding cable connection to box (if applicable), and tighten
connection if required.
Measure current output levels of impressed current anodes and prior to the
scheduled potential survey. For the impressed current anodic grid, the current
output levels are monitored and recorded quarterly by reading the cathodic
protection system current at feeder by feeder.
Anodic grid current output can be determinate by measuring the voltage drops
across the shunts, and applying Ohm’s law. If no shunts are available, measure
the anode current output levels using a DC clamp-on ammeter.
Anodic grid annual checks should evaluate the anodic grid to earth resistance
and anodic grid performance degradation.
The following method could be used:
• Measure the voltage output of the T/R unit.
• Measure current output feeder by feeder.
• Disconnect one feeder at time and measure Voltage drop increasing
(applying the Ohm law at T/R unit output).
If feasible, it’s suggested to perform also the following method in order to validate
the above:
• Measure the voltage output of the T/R.
• Measure current output feeder by feeder.
• Measure anode-to-soil potential with the reference cell.
The cathodic protection system shall be stopped (T/R unit switch OFF and
termination disconnection) during any welding operation on the protected tank of
the system and during any maintenance operation that can produce electric
interference and/or hazard conditions.
After any stop it’s suggested to proceed with the start procedure.
6.4. Re-start operation and re-start checks (for impressed current only)
7. MAINTENANCE
General notes for the T/R unit maintenance (Predictive/Planned and Corrective)
for the T/R unit please refer to Manufacture’s manual.
Visually check any internal degradation (e.g. due temperature rise or accidental
burnt or moisture entry).
Visually check any degradation of the cable, connection lugs and of the cable
termination (tanks pad connection, T/R unit connections, Anodes Distribution
Boxes connections).
This section gives some hints in order to solve more common problems that can
rise during the cathodic protection system life and during the relevant checks.
Yes
No
No
Has been generated Is T/R unit properly
an alarm to the Control working?
room?
Yes
Potential Test/Survey Yes Record potential values Record the status for the
at critical points Re-schedule potential survey equipment corrosion
assessment
Yes
No
No
Yes
Local alarm
generation? Local power alarm Solve power fault
No
Local level alarm
Lower T/R
Lower CC
operating voltage Applied voltage CV set CC set Applied current
output
Higher CC output required
Higher T/R
operating voltage
Fuse failure
Less critical
Drainage by Foreign
structures
Short circuit Anodic grid failure
Most critical damage
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 22 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Potential Test/Survey Yes Record potential values Record the status for the
Re-schedule potential survey equipment corrosion
assessment
No
8. RECORDKEEPING
Design and installation records for cathodic protection systems shall be kept,
including the following information:
a) design calculations and considerations;
b) power source capacity, circuit breakers, panels, etc;
c) number of anodes;
d) anode material and expected life;
e) anode installation details;
f) type, quantity, and location of stationary reference electrodes;
g) soil resistivity;
h) date of energizing, initial current and voltage settings and potentials;
i) cost of system;
j) as-built drawings of the installation.
Operating records for cathodic protection systems shall be kept, including the
following information:
a) tabulations of bimonthly readings of impressed current power source;
b) reports of periodic or annual inspections;
c) all adjustments, repairs, and additions;
d) costs of maintenance;
e) test equipment calibration records.
Records sufficient to demonstrate the evaluation of the need for and the
effectiveness of corrosion control measures shall be retained as long as the
facility involved remains in service.
Other related corrosion control records shall be retained for a period that satisfies
Client needs.
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 24 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Traduction en Français
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 25 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Objet
2. DOCUMENTS DE REFERENCE
4. DESCRIPTION DU SYSTEME
Le système de grille est constitué par une série de chaînes parallèles, installée
selon un espacement prédéterminé. La connexion de négatif est fait au moyen d’
une plaque métallique soudée à le jupe extérieure du réservoir.
Le réservoir est fourni d'électrodes de référence permanentes, pour le contrôle
du potentiel.
5. CRITERES DE PROTECTION
Nomogram for the correction of potential readings made with the Ag/AgCl electrode of
varying resistivity against the SCE and Cu/CuSO4 reference electrodes
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 31 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Cette méthode est particulièrement utile et avantageuse pour être utilisée dans
des lieux où on trouve des potentiels naturels faibles (par exemple 500 mV ou
moins négatif) ou, dans le cas où, le courant nécessaire pour satisfaire le
potentiel négative polarisée de 900 mV est considéré excessif.
La procédure suivante sera suivie pour l’exécution de l’épreuve :
Avant l’exécution de l'essai, vérifier que les équipements de protection
cathodique soient installées et fonctionnent correctement. Un délai suffisant est
demandé pour les potentiels du réservoir pour atteindre les valeurs polarisées.
• Brancher le voltmètre au réservoir et à l’électrode de référence
• Désactiver les sources de courant de la protection cathodique agissant sur le
réservoir intéressé aux essais.
• Enregistrer les potentiels,“On” et “instant Off,” réservoir / électrolyte et les
polarités en rapport à l'électrode de référence .
• Le potentiel de l'Instant Off réservoir/électrolyte est le potentiel de référence à
partir duquel la diminution de la polarisation est calculée.
Enregistrer un nombre suffisant de mesures pour déterminer le niveau de
protection cathodique sur toute la structure conformément au paragraphe 5.2.1 et
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 32 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
pour chaque localisation éventuelle, la mesure doit être prise au temps T1 (arrêt
instantané), T2 (20 min après T1) et T3 ( 2 heures après T1), et ainsi de suite.
Après avoir laissé le réservoir se polariser pour une période minimale de deux
semaines, les potentiels réservoir /sol et les potentiels de sortie des unités T /
R seront enregistrés.
Si nécessaire, le courant de sortie sera rééquilibré afin de maintenir un courant
uniforme et satisfaisant les critères § 5.1.
Lorsque un potentiel polarisé réservoir / sol, a été déterminé égal ou supérieur à
-900 mV négatifs, le potentiel "On", du réservoir, peut être utilisé pour le
contrôle, à moins que, l'intégrité de l'environnement, structural , des revêtements
ou des paramètres du système de protection cathodique soient significativement
changé.
Le but de cette méthode est de démontrer que le courant peut pénétrer dans la
structure à des endroits critiques, soit:
• En déterminant la chute de tension avec un shunt sur les boites de
distribution.
• Avec une pince ampérométrique aux câbles d'alimentation.
Inspection visuelle
Chaque année, sera prévu, une inspection visuelle de l'armoire, des terminaux et
des composants pour vérifier le fonctionnement, éventuels dommages
mécaniques et de sécurité.
Sur chaque Boite de Distribution, vérifier toutes les connexions et les raccords
pour que soit maintenue la propreté et l'étanchéité.
Vérifier visuellement, les terminaux et les composants , pour qui soient en bonne
état de fonctionnement et en sécurité.
A chaque boite de distribution d’anode, selon le § 5.3 et en appliquant la loi
d'Ohm, déterminer le courant , dans chaque câble en mesurant la chute de
tension à travers le shunt. Si des shunts ne sont pas disponibles, le débit de
courant sera déterminé à l'aide d'une pince ampérométrique de courant continu.
Annuellement, vérifier individuellement toutes les connexions et raccords pour la
propreté ,l'étanchéité, l'accès et la sécurité .
Les suivantes Opérations d’entretien , seront effectuées si nécessaire :
Des contrôles annuels seront effectués sur la chaîne d’anodes, pour évaluer la
résistance vers la terre, la dégradation et la perte d’efficacité .
La méthode suivante peut être utilisée:
Après des réparations importantes les contrôles suivants doivent être exécutés :
7. ENTRETIEN
Cette section donne quelques conseils afin de résoudre les problèmes les plus
courants qui peuvent parvenir pendant la durée de vie du système de protection
cathodique et pendant les contrôles appropriés.
Yes
No
No
Has been generated Is T/R unit properly
an alarm to the Control working?
room?
Yes
Potential Test/Survey Yes Record potential values Record the status for the
at critical points Re-schedule potential survey equipment corrosion
assessment
Yes
No
No
Yes
Local alarm
generation? Local power alarm Solve power fault
No
Local level alarm
Lower T/R
Lower CC
operating voltage Applied voltage CV set CC set Applied current
output
Higher CC output required
Higher T/R
operating voltage
Fuse failure
Less critical
Drainage by Foreign
structures
Short circuit Anodic grid failure
Most critical damage
Client SP Job No. SP Doc. No.
Sonatrach 318800 00-EA-E-40053
Plant Client Document No.
SAIPEM GNL- 3Z Project
318800-GNL3Z-SP-EL-00-40053
Location Sh. 42 of 43 Rev. A 0
Arzew, Algeria
Date 01MAR10 I.D. FI
Potential Test/Survey Yes Record potential values Record the status for the
Re-schedule potential survey equipment corrosion
assessment
No
Tous les valeurs enregistrées, des essais effectués pendant les inspections,
doivent être entretenus de façon à démontrer que les critères applicables pour la
protection cathodique sont satisfaites.
Un compte rendu des inspections et des tests comprendra :