PERSIAPAN UJIAN MANDIRI SET

BAHASA INGGRIS UNAIR 1

Superintensif Mandiri
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage
Most of the fastening devices used in clothing today, like the shoelace, the button, and the safely pin,
have existed in some form in various cultures for thousands of years. But the zipper was the brainchild of
one American inventor, namely Whitcomb Judson of Chicago. At the end of the 19th century, Judson was
already a successful inventor, with a dozen patents to his credit for mechanical items such as improvements
to motors and railroad braking systems.
He then turned his mind to creation a replacement for the lengthy shoelaces which were then used in
both men's and women's boots. On August 29th 1893, he won another patent, for what he called the "clasp-
locker". Though the prototype was somewhat clumsy, and frequently jammed, it did work: in fact, Judson
and his business associate Lewis Walker had sewn the device into their own boots. Although Judson
displayed his clasp-locker at the World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893, the public largely ignored it. The
company founded by Judson and Walker, Universal Fastener, despite further refinements, never really
succeeded in marketing the device.
The earliest zip fasteners were being used in the apparel industry by 1905, but it was only in 1913, after a
Swedish-American engineer, Gideon Sundbach, had remodeled Judson's fastener into a more streamlined
and reliable form, that the zipper was a success. The US Army applied zippers to the clothing and gear of the
troops of World War ‡T. By the late 1920s, zippers could be found in all kinds of clothing, footwear, and
carrying cases; by the mid-1930s, zippers had even been embraced by the fashion industry.
The term "zipper" was coined as onomatopoeia ( resembling the sound it makes ) by B. F. Goodrich,
whose company started marketing galoshes featuring the fastener in 1923. Regrettably, Whitcomb Judson
died in 1909, and never heard the term, or saw the success by which his invention would become ubiquitous.

1. The zipper differs from the other three fastening devices mentioned in paragraph 1 in which way?
A. It has been used in many more ways
B. It is more recent
C. It can be used in place of the other three
D. It is usually made from different materials
E. It is more profitable

2. The word “prototype” in line 8 is closest in meaning to…

A. device
B. design
C. model
D. original
E. fake

3. What is the author’s main point in the second paragraph?

A. Despite being a successful inventor, Judson failed with the clasp-locker
B. Judson lacked marketing skills
C. Judson was a poor businessman
D. Although Judson invented a workable product, it did not appeal to the public
E. Judson invented a workable product and sold it well

4. According to the passage, the zipper got its name…

A. when used in clothing
B. in 1909
 C. from Judson
D. from the army
E. due to its sound

5. Which of the following statements can best be inferred from the passage about zippers?
A. The imaginative name was a major factor in its success
B. A successful model had been developed commercially before Sundbach’s version because it was used
in the apparel industry by 1905
C. Judson was an inventor, not a business man
D. If Judson had still been alive by World War I his company would have been more successful
E. Judson enjoyed the popularity of his invention

6. During the course of its growth, a frog undergoes a true metamorphosis …. with a fishlike larval stage.
A. begin
B. began
C. beginning
D. is begun
E. is beginning

7. Any critic, teacher, librarian, or poet who hopes to broaden poetry’s audience faces the difficult challenge
of persuading skeptical readers.…
A. that poetry is important today
B. for poetry to be important today
C. to be important poetry today
D. poetry that is important today
E. today that poetry is important

8. The experts believe that future technology is predicted to give great benefit as well as …. to people’s
lives.
A. the harm is unexpected
B. unexpected harm
C. the harm which unexpected
D. unexpected is harm
E. to harm which is considered being unexpected

9. Mahalia Jackson, …. combined powerful vitality with great dignity, was one of the best-known gospel
singers in the United States.
A. it was her singing
B. which songs
C. who sang
D. whose singing
E. which sang

10. Had I not booked in advance, I would have had difficulties in getting good accommodation at a
reasonable price.”
This sentence means ___.
A. it was difficult to get a room although I had reservation
B. I found a room in advance but it wasn’t comfortable
C. the room I got was good but rather expensive
D. I was lucky to get a good room without reservation
 E. I got a good room and I didn’t have to pay much

Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage

On their way to participate in a Black Lives Matter protest in early June in Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
Jodyann and her fiancée drove past table after table of people dining at outdoor cafés. (11)… stay-at-home
orders, Milwaukee’s streets were crowded with protesters who wanted to make their voices heard against
police brutality, and with diners taking in a leisurely meal. Both were risking their health by exposing
themselves to others.
“The pandemic situation alone makes you not want to be out in a space with thousands of other people,”
says Jodyann, a Black woman who has participated in a (12)… of protests this year. For Jodyann and many
other protesters, making a difference to society is worth the risk. But, with the COVID-19 pandemic still
gripping the globe and tens of thousands of new cases appearing every day, the choice to march, dine out, or
join other social gatherings is complicated. While denial that the disease could hit us plays a part in some of
these decisions, even people who acknowledge the danger of contracting the coronavirus keep (13)… social
interactions. An evolutionary paradox that compels us to be social may be to blame.
Millions of years ago, our primate ancestors (14)… safety in cooperation, developing social structures
that protected them from predators and increased the likelihood of survival for them and their offspring. As
early primate communities became more complex, so did our ancestors’ brains, which evolved mechanisms
to process interactions and reward social behavior with positive neurochemical feedback loops.
Social interaction has been so key to the survival of our ancestors since the Pliocene Epoch millions of
years ago that the human brain may be hardwired to become (15)… it. Overcoming the primal urge to
socialize means going against millennia of evolutionary programming.

11. …
A. however
B. due to 14. …
C. since A. finds
D. as B. found
E. despite C. finding
D. was found
12. … E. finder
A. handful
B. hand off 15. …
C. hand over A. addicted in
D. hand in B. addicted over
E. hand down C. addicted on
D. addicted to
13. … E. addicted for
A. risky
B. risk
C. risking
D. risked
E. risk on