SSPC-Paint 5

November 1, 1982
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000

SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings

PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 5

Zinc Dust, Zinc Oxide and Phenolic Varnish Paint
1. Scope specification.

1.1 This specification covers a quick drying zinc dust,
zinc oxide, and phenolic varnish paint for steel or galvanized
surfaces. It has very good rust inhibitive characteristics, but
only fair wetting ability for rusting, greasy, or oily surfaces.
It has a drying time of about 12 hours, good durability even
when weathered before finish coating and may be used for
intermediate and finish coats.
3.2 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the
referenced standards in effect on the date of invitation to bid
shall govern unless otherwise specified.
3.3 If there is a conflict between the requirements of
any of the cited reference standards and this specification,
the requirements of this specification shall prevail.

1.2 This paint is supplied in two-package kits: one 3.4 SSPC STANDARDS AND JOINT STANDARDS:
package contains the liquid vehicle (Component A); the
other package contains the zinc dust-zinc oxide pigment PA 1 Shop, Field, and Maintenance
(Component B). Painting of Steel
SP YNACE No. 1 White Metal Blast Cleaning
1.3 This paint is suitable for exposure in Environmental SP GINACE No. 3 Commercial Blast Cleaning
Zones 1A (interior, normally dry) and 1B (exterior, normally SP 8 Pickling
dry), and is particularly suited for exposure in Environmental SP 10/NACE No. 2 Near-White Blast Cleaning
Zone 2A (frequently wet by fresh water). It is intended for
brush or spray application over steel surfaces prepared in 3.5 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATE-
accordance with SSPC-SP 6, “Commercial Blast Cleaning;” RIALS (ASTM) STANDARDS:
SSPC-SP 1O, “Near-White Blast Cleaning;” SSPC-SP 5,
“White Metal Blast C1eaning;”and SSPC-SP 8, “Pickling;”or D 12 Specification for Raw Tung Oil
over clean galvanized steel. D 79 Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
D 154 Guide for Testing Varnishes
1.4 This paint is suitable as a shop primer, field primer, D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pig-
maintenance primer, or intermediate coat and is to be ments, Pastes, and Paints
applied in accordance with SSPC-PA 1, “Shop, Field, and D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petro-
Maintenance Painting of Steel.” This paint will dry in about leum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning
12 hours and should be recoated within 24 hours for opti- Solvent)
mum intercoat adhesion. D 331 Specification for 2-Ethoxyethanol
D 520 Specification for Zinc Dust Pigment
2. Description D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints
Using the Stormer Viscometer
D 600 Specification for Liquid Paint Driers
2.1 The good weathering ability of this primer is the
D 801 Methods for Sampling and Testing Dipen-
result of its phenolic varnish vehicle. Details of the compo-
tene
sition are given in Table 1.
D 1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of
Certain Pigments
2.2 This paint contains approximately 60% by volume of
D 1210 Test Methods for Fineness of Dispersion
nonvolatile film-forming solids (pigment and binder). The
of Pigment-Vehicle Systems
theoretical spreading rate for a 2.0 mils (51 micrometers)
D 1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents
dry film thickness is 480 square feet1U.S. gallon (11.8
and Diluents
square meters1liter).Actual spreading rates can be signifi-
cantly lower.
D 1475 Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish,
Lacquer, and Related Products
3. Reference Standards D 1542 Test Method for Qualitative Detection of
Rosin in Varnishes
3.1 The standards referenced in this specification are D 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liq-
listed in Sections 3.4 through 3.7 and form a part of this

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 SSPC-Paint 5
November 1, 1982
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000

uids (Gardner Color Scale) Method 4321 Brushing Properties

D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Method 4331 Spraying Properties
Liquids by Bubble Time Method Method 4541 Working Properties and Appear-
D 1642 Test Methods for Elasticity or Toughness ance of Dried Film
of Varnishes
D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coat- 3.7 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE
ings (ANSI) STANDARD:
D 2371 Test Method for Pigment Content of Sol-
vent-Reducible Paints 2129.1 Hazardous Industrial Chemicals
D 3278 Test Methodsfor Flash Point of Liquids by - Precautionary Labeling
Setaflash Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 3734 Specification for High-Flash Aromatic 4. Composition
Naphthas
D 4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints 4.1 Ingredients and proportions shall be as specified in
Using Multinotch Applicator Table 1.

3.6 FEDERAL STANDARDS: 4.2 Each component of this paint based on the speci-
fied ingredients shall be uniform, stable in storage, and free
A-A-59106 Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, from grit and coarse particles. No rosin or rosin derivatives
Technical may be used. Beneficial additives such as antiskinning
A-A-59107 Toluene, Technical agents, suspending agents, or wetting aids may be added.
A-A-714 Linseed Oil, Alkali Refined
TT-N-97 Naphtha, Aromatic 4.3 The phenolic varnish portion of this paint shall
conform to the composition requirements of Table 2.
FED-STD-141 Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related
Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing 4.4 The mixed paint shall conform to the composition
(analysis) requirements of Table 3.
Method 2012 Preparation of Tin Panels
Method 301 1 Condition in Container 5. Properties
Method 3021 Skinning (Partially Filled Con-
tainer) 5.1 The phenolic varnish portion of this paint shall meet
Method 4021 Pigment Content (Ordinary Cen- the requirements of Table 4 and Sections 5.2 through 5.8.
trifuge)
Method 4053 Nonvolatile Vehicle Content 5.2 ODOR: Shall be normal for the materials permitted
Method 4061 Drying Time (ASTM D 1296).
Method 4203 Reducibility and Dilution Stability

TABLE 1
COMPOSITION OF THE MIXED PAINT
TYPICAL INGREDIENT
REQUIRED COMPOSITION STANDARDS
Min. Max.
INGREDIENTS wt. Yo wt. Yo Wt.% Vol.% ASTM Federal
PIGMENT (75 f 1 wt. %)
Zinc Dust 79 - 60.0 21.4 D 520 -
Zinc Oxide - 21 15.0 6.8 D 79 -

VEHICLE: (25 f 1 wt. "/o)

Phenolic Varnish 82.9 - 20.7 58.0 - -
Mineral Spirit Thinner - 16.5 4.1 13.4 D 235

Driers - 0.6 0.2 0.4 D 600, -

Class B
TOTALS 100.0 100.0

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 SSPC-Paint 5
November 1, 1982
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000

TABLE 2
COMPOSITION OF THE PHENOLIC VARNISH

REQUIRED TYPICAL COMPOSIT1ON INGREDIENT STANDARDS

Min. Max.
INGREDIENTS Wt. % Wt. % Lbs. (kg) Gals. (L) ASTM Federal
Unmodified Para
Phenyl Phenol-Formaldehyde
Resin 16.7 - 100.0 (45.4) 10.0 (37.9) - -
Linseed Oil (Alkali Refined) 17.1 - 103.0 (46.8) 13.0 (49.2) - A-A-714
Tung Oil 26.0 - 156.6 (71.1) 20.0 (75.7) D 12 -
Mineral Spirit Thinner - 28.1 169.0 (76.7) 26.0 (98.4) D 235

Dipentene - 4.7 28.3 (12.8) 4.0 (15.1) D 801

Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl
Ether - 3.8 23.4 (10.6) 3.0 (11.4) D 331 A-A-59106
Toluene - 2.4 14.5 (6.6) 2.0 (7.6) D 362 A-A-59107
Naphtha (Aromatic) - 1.2 7.2 (3.3) 1.0 (3.8) D 3734 TT-N-97

TOTAL 100.0

* The following cooking procedure is intended as a guide only. Heat the resin and the linseed oil to 550°F
(228°C) in 50 to 60 minutes. Add the tung oil and reheat to 465°F (241OC) in 15 to 20 minutes. Pull from fire
and allow to cool to 420°F (216°C) and thin; add the thinners in the order shown. The finish varnish should be
filtered or centrifuged to remove all visible foreign solid material.

TABLE 3
ANALYSIS OF THE MIXED PANT

REQUIREMENTS
Min. Max.
CHARACTERISTICS wt. Yo wt. Yo ASTM FED-STD-141
Pigment 74 - D 2371 4021
Volatiles - 14 D 2369 -
Nonvolatile vehicle
calculated by difference 11 - - 4053
Uncombined water - 0.5 D 1208 -
Coarse particles and skins,
as retained on standard
325 mesh screen - 1.5 D 185 -
Rosin or rosin derivatives - O D 1542 -

5.3 COLOR: The color shall be 10 to 12 (ASTM D 1544).
5.4 ELASTICITY: Shall be 130% using the run-kauri
method (ASTM D 1642).
5.5 REACTIVITY: The phenolic varnish shall be non-
reactive (ASTM D 154).
5.6 SKINNING: There shall be no skinning in a three
quarters filled closed container after 48 hours when tested
in the standard manner specified in FED-STD-141, Method
3021.
5.7 WATER RESISTANCE: Ten panels prepared in
accordance with FED-STD-141, Method 2012 shall be in
distilled water at 212°F (100°C) for 7 hoursfor the hot water
test and at 68°F (20°C) for 96 hours for the cold water test.
The panels during immersion shall be in a vertical position.
A recovery period of two hours shall be allowed before
examination of the panel under test. Acceptable specimens
shall show no whitening, dulling, or blistering.
5.8 ALKALI RESISTANCE: Dip the closed end of
a well cleaned 1 by 6 inch (2.5 by 15 cm) test tube to a depth
of 4 inches (1O cm) into the phenolic varnish and allow to dry
for 72 hours with the mouth of the test tube down. Dip the
closed end of the test tube to a depth of 2 inches (5 cm)

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 SSPC-Paint 5
November 1, 1982
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000

TABLE 4
PROPERTIES OF THE PHENOLIC VARNISH
REQUIREMENTS

CHARACTERISTICS Min. Max. ASTM FED-STD-141

Viscosity* (Gardner-Holdt) C-D - D 1545 -
Weight per U.S. gallon, pounds 7.7 - D 1475 -
Nonvolatile 59.0 61 - 4053
Drying time, hours
Tack free 1 4 - 4061
Dry hard - 12 - 4061

*Viscosity 48 hours or more after manufacture.

TABLE 5
PROPERTIES OF THE MIXED PAINT
REQUIREMENTS

CHARACTERISTICS Min. Max. ASTM FED-STD-141

Viscosity* sheer rate 200 rpm
Grams 150 275 D 562
Kreb units 72 92 D 562
Weight per U.S. gallon, pounds 21 .o - D 1475
Fineness of grind, Hegman units 4 - D 1210
Drying time, hours
Tack free 1 4061
Dry hard 6 - 4061
Flash point, degrees F 86 D 3278 -
Sag Resistance, mils 6 D 4400 -

*Viscosity 48 hours or more after manufacture.

below the surface of a 5% caustic soda (NaOH) solution at
68°F (20°C) for 5 hours. After removal, immediately rinse
under gently running water being careful not to touch the
treated film. Dry for two hours and examine under suitable
light. Acceptable specimens shall show no visible dulling,
checking, or blistering. Defects at the extreme bottom of the
test tube shall be disregarded.
5.9 The mixed paint shall meet the requirements of
Table 5 and Sections 5.10 through 5.12.
5.10 COMPATIBILITY: There shall be no evidence of
incompatibility of any of the ingredients of the mixed paint
when two volumes of the paint are slowly mixed with one
volume of mineral spirits (FED-STD-141, Method 4203).
5.1 1 WORKING PROPERTIES: The mixed paint shall
be easily applied by all three methods when tested in
accordance with FED-STD-141, Methods 4321, 4331, and
4541. The paint shall show no streaking, running, or sag-
ging after drying.
5.12 CONDITION IN CONTAINER: The mixed paint
shall show no thickening, curdling, gelling, or hard caking
when tested as specified in FED-STD-141, Method 301 1,
after storage for six months from date of delivery, in a full,
tightly covered container, at a temperature of 50-100°F (10-
43°C).
6. Labeling
6.1 Refer to ANSI Z129.1, "Hazardous Industrial Chemi-
cals- Precautionary Labeling." Other guidelines can be
found in the National Paint and Coatings Association (NPCA)
"Paint Industry Labeling Guide."
6.2 Zinc dust, zinc-oxide pigment (Component A) for
this paint shall be packaged separately to be mixed with the
phenolic varnish vehicle (Component B) shortly before use.
Each container of Component A or B shall be labeled to this
effect together with directions showing the correct mixing
ratios.

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 SSPC-Paint 5
November 1, 1982
Editorial Changes September 1, 2000
6.3 MARKING OF CONTAINERS: Each container of
Component A or B shall be legible marked with the following
information:
Name: Zinc Dust, Zinc Oxide, and Phenoic Varnish
Paint
Specification: SSPC-Paint 5
Color: Metallic Zinc
Lot Number:
Stock Number:
Date of Manufacture:
Quantity of Component in Container:
Information and Warnings as may be required be
Federal and state laws:
Manufacturer's Name and Address:
6.4 DIRECTIONS FOR USE: The following directions
for use shall be supplied with each container of paint:
Directions for Use of Zinc Dust, Zinc Oxide, and
Phenolic Varnish Paint
This paint is intended for use as a primer over pickled or
blast cleaned steel in atmospheric exposure. It may also be
used over clean galvanized steel. All rust scale, loose rust,
loose mill scale, and loose or nonadherent paint shall be
removed; oil and grease shall be removed to the fullest
extent practical, as residues of oil and grease remaining on
the surface will result in decreased paint performance.
Mix paint thoroughly before use. If less than the pack-
aged amount of components A and B are to be mixed, use
in the ratio 15 pounds (6.8 kg) of zinc dust-zinc oxide
(Component A) to 5 pounds (2.3 kg) of phenolic varnish
vehicle (Component B) to make one gallon of paint. Gradu-
ally add a small amount of the zinc dust-zinc oxide compo-
nent to the base liquid while stirring continuously or intermit-
tently, as the zinc dust-zinc oxide portion becomes thor-
oughly wetted with the liquid. Mixing may be made easier by
transferring contents to a larger container or by pouring the
paint to and from another container. Examine bottom of
container for unmixed pigment. Screen paint before apply-
ing.
Wait until gassing has ceased before using paint. Do
not store mixed paint in tightly sealed containers. During
application of the paint, take special precautions to see that
the zinc dust does not settle in the container.
Thin paint only if necessary, using only mineral spirits.
For brush application under normal conditions, no thinning
should be necessary. For spray applications, add up to one
pint of thinner per gallon (130 mI/L) of paint when necessary.
Apply by brush or spray to the specified film thickness
or, if none is specified, to at least 2 mils (50 micrometers) dry
or approximately 3 mils (76 micrometers) wet. The surface
to be painted shall be dry; the surface temperature shall be
at least 5°F (3°C) above the dew point; and the temperature
of the air shall be over 40°F (4°C). Do not paint outdoors in
320
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rainy weather or if freezing temperatures are expected
before the paint dries.
This paint is fast drying and will dry hard in about 12
hours; special care must be exercised to prevent this paint
from drying too hard before additional coats are applied;
otherwise, special precautions must be taken to ensure
adhesion of these coats. Recoating within 24 hours is
recommended for maximum intercoat adhesion.
7. Inspection
7.1 All materials (coatings) supplied under this specifi-
cation are subject to timely inspection by the purchaser or
his authorized representative. The purchaser shall have the
right to reject any materials supplied which are found to be
defective under this specification. (See Note 9.1 .) In case of
dispute, unless otherwise specified, the arbitration or settle-
ment procedure established in the procurement documents
shall be followed. If no arbitration procedure is established,
the procedure specified by the American Arbitration Asso-
ciation shall be used.
7.2 Samples of paints may be requested by the pur-
chaser and shall be supplied upon request along with the
manufacturer's name and identification for the materials.
Samples may be requested at the time the purchase order
is placed or may be taken from unopened containers at the
job site.
7.3 Unless otherwise specified, the sampling shall be in
accordance with ASTM D 3925.
8. Disclaimer
8.1 While every precaution is taken to ensure that all
information furnished in SSPC standards and specifications
is as accurate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC
cannot assume responsibility nor incur any obligation result-
ing from the use of any materials, coatings, or methods
specified herein, or of the specification or standard itself.
8.2 This specification does not attempt to address
problems concerning safety associated with its use. The
user of this specification, as well as the user of all products
or practices described herein, is responsible for instituting
appropriate health and safety practices and for insuring
compliance with all governmental regulations.
9. Notes
Notes are not requirements of this specification.
9.1 The procurement documents should establish the
responsibility for samples, testing, and any required affida-
vit certifying full compliance with the specification.