Hyperbolic Functions - definitions and solving We will see the definition and purpose of hyperbolic functions such as sinh x, cosh.x, their inverses, and how we can manipulate them, such as solving equations, differentiating and integrating. 1 :: Definition of hyperbolic Pen eal aie Clog RU old bite eles “Find the exact value Prove that of: tanh (In 4)” arcosh x = In(x + yx?=1) Piece) Rural en Solve for all real x 2cosh* x —5sinhx =5 x -x 1 | ee coshx => (e*+e™*) 2 x _ px 1 sinhx =< sinhx = 5(e* —e™*) Using these defintions, find the definitions of: sechx tanhx cosech x cothxHyperbolic sine: e*-e he = sinh x 5 x€R Hyperbolic cosin +2 2 cosh x xeR Hyperbolic tangent: sinhx _e*—1 xeER e+ Hyperbolic secant: 1 2 sechx = _—_—_— xeER cosh x Hyperbolic cosecant: cosech x = xERx #0 sinhx Hyperbolic cotangent: Gan) coth x = = tanhx e?*—1 xERx#0 Say as “shine” of x Say as “cosh” Say as “th-an” Say as “setch” Say as “cosetch” Say as “coth” Equations for hyperbolic functions Calculate (using both your sinh button and using the formula) sinh3 Write in terms of e: cosech 3Find the exact value of: tanh (In 4) Solve sinh x = 5 Sketching hyperbolic functions Odd or Even? y = sinhxh ee coshx = 2 sinhx To sketch y = tanh x, consider the usual features when tanhx = you sketch a graph. coshx When x = 0, Asx > ©, As x > —00,Sketching the reciprocal hyperbolic functions ccosech (1) sinh(2) sech o| [FP3 June 2011 Q5] The curve C; has equation y = 3 sinh 2x, and the curve C, has equation y=13-3e% (@ Sketch the graph of the curves C, and C; on one set of axes, giving the equation of any asymptote and the coordinates of points where the curves cross the axes. @) Ex 6AInverse Hyperbolic Functions sin! x =arcsin x sinh" x = arsinh x etc. y Given that hyperbolic functions can be written in terms of e, it make sense that inverse hyperbolic can be expressed in terms of In. Prove that arsinh x = In(x + Vx? +1)Prove that arcosh x = In(x +Vx2—1),x 21 | | orcos*_ But recall from the graph that we only include positive : values of y in the function to avoid it being one-to- many. Thus arcosh x = In(x + Vx? — 1) only. Prove that artanh x = zIn (8) vixl<1 | Ix,Summary arsinh x =In(x+ Vx? +1 arcoshx =In(x+Vx?=1), 9 x21 1 1+2 artanix =5in(7*2), xl <1 Hyperbolic Domain Sketch Inverse Hyperbolic | Domain Sketch y =sinhx xeER D y =arsinhx xeER cal y=coshx | x20 ENS y = arcosh x x21 mi y=tanhx | xeR ae y=artanhx | |xl<1 Z. yesechx | x20 | A_ yearsechx |o sinh and cos > cosh 2. Negate any explicit or implied product of two sines. tan(A — B) = sinAsinB > tan? A 3 cos2A = Ex 6C. QU, 2 Solving Equations You must to decide whether to use hyperbolic identiti hyperbolic functions. or the definitions of Solve for all real x 6sinhx — 2coshx =7Solve for all real x 2cosh? x — Ssinhx =5 Solve for all real x cosh2x — Scoshx + 4 = 0 Dowble Angle sind = Benne corde = costs — ain corde = Rete = 1 costs = 1 ~ 2am nr = 3If sinh x = ¢, find the exact value of: a) coshx b) tanhx o) sinh 2x Ex 6C Q3-9 Exam Questions [FP3 June 2009 Q1] Solve the equation 7 sech x — tanh x =5 Give your answers in the form In a, where a is a rational number. ©[FP3 June 2014 (1) Q3] Using the definitions of sinh x and cosh x in terms of exponentials, @ prove that cosh? x— sinh? @ (©) find algebraically the exact solutions of the equation 2 sinh x +7 coshx=9 siving your answers as natural logarithms. © [FP3 June 2011 Q5] (®) Solve the equation 3 sinh 2x =13 ~ 3e%, giving your answer in the form } In k, where kis an integer. ©1. Solve the equation 6cosh2x + 4sinhx = 7 giving your answers as exact logarithms. (6) 7. (a) Using the definition of coshx in terms of exponentials, prove that Acosh’x ~ 3coshx = cosh3x @) (b) Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation cosh 3x = 9coshx @)1. (a) Prove that I-x tank (x) = tn(122) -kexck stating the value of the constant k. (b) Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation 2x = tanh (In V2=3x)