PARTICIPLE FLOWCHART
Work out if it’s a
NO
Is it formed from a DEPONENT
VERB e.g. CONOR, LOQUOR,
HORTOR, SEQUOR etc.?
It’s PERFECT
YES
It’s ACTIVE in meaning.
Find out what it agrees with and
translate, e.g.:
NOM. puer puellam secutus laetus erat.
ACC. puer puellam locutam audivit.
DAT. puella puero conato donum dedit.
Have a think.
VERB, ADJECTIVE or NOUN you
Are you sure it’s a participle – ie NO
are trying to translate.
an ADJECTIVE which has been
formed from a verb?
YES
Does it have the letters ‘NS’
YES or ‘NT’ after the PRESENT
stem?
It’s PRESENT and ACTIVE
th
Is it formed from the 4
Principle Part with ending from Present participles go like 3rd declension
NO
‘BONUS’? adjective INGENS. Find what it agrees with
and translate, e.g.:
NOM. puella in mensa stans cantabat.
YES ACC. puer puellam in mensa stantem
spectavit.
It’s PASSIVE in meaning.
Find out what it agrees with and translate, e.g.: GEN. puer amorem puellae in mensa
NO stantis cupit.
NOM. puella a puero amata perterrita erat.
DAT. puer puellae in mensa stanti donum
ACC. puella donum datum non cupivit.
dedit.
ABL. puella a puero agitato effugit.
ABL. puella a puero donum danti effugit.

NO
Is it formed from a DEPONENT
VERB e.g. CONOR, LOQUOR,
HORTOR, SEQUOR etc.?
It’s PERFECT
YES
It’s ACTIVE in meaning.
Find out what it agrees with and
translate, e.g.:
NOM. puer puellam secutus laetus erat.
ACC. puer puellam locutam audivit.
DAT. puella puero conato donum dedit.
PARTICIPLE FLOWCHART
Are you sure it’s a participle – ie
an ADJECTIVE which has been
formed from a verb?
Does it have the letters ‘NS’
YES
th
Is it formed from the the 4
Principle Part with ending from
NO
‘BONUS’?
YES
It’s PASSIVE in meaning.
Find out what it agrees with and translate, e.g.:
NO
NOM. puella a puero amata perterrita erat.
ACC. puella donum datum non cupivit.
ABL. puella a puero agitato effugit.
Have a think. Work out if it’s a
VERB, ADJECTIVE or NOUN you
NO
are trying to translate.
YES
or ‘NT’ after the PRESENT
stem?
It’s PRESENT and ACTIVE
Present participles go like 3rd declension
adjective INGENS. Find what it agrees with
and translate, e.g.:
NOM. puella in mensa stans cantabat.
ACC. puer puellam in mensa stantem
spectavit.
GEN. puer amorem puellae in mensa
stantis cupit.
DAT. puer puellae in mensa stanti donum
dedit.
ABL. puella a puero donum danti effugit.