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52.16 US Dollar

Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019 Joint Operation News

Year 10 Vol.No: (109) Februar y 2019 M O N T H LY N E W S

Editor-in-Chief Eng. Riyadh Al-Hassan Editing Supervisor Salem J. Al-Dousari Technical Support Supervisor Falah Al-Ajmi www.kjo.com.sa

C-JOC holds a
Dinner Buffet for Al-
Hazaa
Ever Lasting
Brotherhood
The brotherhood between

3
Saudi Arabia and the State of
Kuwait is a true brotherhood
that has been established
over the years. It is an ever-
increasing friendship. It is a
love that generations pass
from generation to genera-
tion. It is a solid and unique
brotherhood.
It is a firm and sincere broth-
erhood between the two
wise leaders, represented by
Al-Khafji Joint the Custodian of the Two
Operations Launches its Holy Mosques King Salman
new Web Site bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and
Al Khafji Joint Operations His Highness Sheikh Sabah
Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah,
Offers to Amir of Kuwait, God Bless
them. Yes, it is the brother-
Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah hood that has proved fulfill-

4
ment at all times, and has be-
come the model for all time.
The Amir of Kuwait
(May Allah Protect Him)
On 25 and 26 February, the
State of Kuwait celebrates its
58th National Day and the
And his Highness Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah 28th Liberation Day.
On my behalf and on behalf
Crown Prince of Kuwait of my fellow employees of
Al Khafji Joint Operations, I
(May Allah Protect Him)
have the honor to convey my
sincere congratulations and
Visits Onshore Production And to the honorable people of Kuwait greetings to His Highness
Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Ja-
(OND) and Project ber Al-Sabah, the Amir of the
designs & Construction Congratulations on the occasion of the National Day and Liberation Day State of Kuwait, and to His
Offices & Facilities Highness the Crown Prince

25-26 February Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-

Jaber Al-Sabah, God Bless
May Allah protect Kuwait and its people them. This happy occasion
will return to the brotherly

5
State of Kuwait and its dear
people for further progress
and prosperity under their
wise leadership.
I congratulate my colleagues
on these two precious occa-
sions, and I ask Allah for the
leadership and people of Ku-
wait for all the glory, security
and prosperity.
The Executive Director
of Industrial Services Eng. Azeb Al-Qahtani
honors the group’s team Chairman of the Joint
Operational Committee
Joint Operation News Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019

On the Occasion of his Promotion and Appointment as Al-Khafji Governor

C-JOC holds a Dinner Buffet for Al-Hazaa

On Tuesday, February 12, 2019, Chairman of the Joint Operational Committee

Eng. Azeb Al-Qahtani held a dinner buffet in honor of His Excellency Governor
of Al-Khafji Mohammed bin Sultan Al-Hazza.The dinner was held at the Cultural
Tent of Family Accommodation in the presence of members of the Joint Opera-
tional Committee and KJO Managers.
The invitation came in celebration of the promotion given to Al-Hazza where
reached the rank of Al-Khafji Governor. A number of senior civil and military of-
ficials and a gathering of dignitaries in Al-Khafji Governorate attended the event.
At the beginning of the reception, the audience saw a visual presentation of
Aramco Gulf Operation’s most important achievements in the development
projects with the participation of Al-Khafji Governor from the beginning of his
appointment to support the growth and economic diversification of the gover-
norate. Al-Qahtani welcomed Al-Hazaa and congratulated him on gaining the
trust of the Government upon his appointment. He also thanked the guests for
accepting the invitation, and presented a gift and a souvenir shield to Al-Hazza.
Later on, Al-Qahtani invited Al-Hazaa and the attendees to the dinner on this
occasion and took a memorial picture with them.
Al-Hazza is a distinguished leader with extensive experience in the official work,
has had a clear impact on the development of the province in recent years, and
is working diligently to invest all the capabilities that qualify it to be one of the
most prominent provinces in the Eastern Province.

IT Department discusses its vision and road map with

all departments of the company
Eng. Nabil Al-Najrani, invited all KJO Managers
to discuss the IT vision and plan for the next
five years. It was a distinguished presence led by
department managers and their staff with frank
and effective participation that influenced the
dialogue and suggested that some priorities be
adjusted in the department›s road map to imple-
ment its vision. For four consecutive days, start-
ing on February 4, all the meetings were held
successfully and the participants› testimony was
confirmed.
At the beginning of each meeting, Eng. Nabil
Al-Najrani thanked the managers and their em-
ployees for their keenness to meet the invita-
tion and attendance, as well as asking them to
express their opinions and suggestions openly
and transparently so that the Department can
include the possible proposals in the road map.
Managers commended the initiative, valuing the
role of the leading department in moving KJO to
the world of IT.
Eng. Adwan Al-Adwani presented a brief expla-
nation of the department›s vision, mission and
values ​​derived from the vision and values ​​of KJO.
He also explained the journey of the SAP system
in KJO since 2004 to 2018, indicating the stages
in which the development of the system accord-
ing to the needs of the company›s business, sup-
ported b y some statistics from the company›s
departments, as they completed the work using
the company›s different systems. Al Adwani also
presented the objectives of the department for
the next five years which are as follows:
- Security and governance by improv-
ing the p rovisions of the security and formu-
lating m o dern policies and procedures for the
Department›s work.
- Complete all company procedures so
that the environment and procedures of work
are paperless.
- Ability to complete work procedures
smoothly inside and outside the company.
- Provide the highest rate of access to
Eng. Nabil Al-Najrani
company systems from anywhere.
Improve the functional structure of the depart-
ment and raise the awareness of the employees
so that they can respond to all the changes that
occur in the world of information technology.
With regard to the road map of the Department,
we include the project «i-Tawaiq» which includes
updating the infrastructure and applications of
the Department, which reflects the overall ser-
vices provided and suppliers of additional speed
of the Internet and greater capacity for e-mail
and other services. The next year, God willing,
will witness the continuation of the work of ap-
plying the analysis of the effects on the work
and the alignment with the global standards of
information technology and then the transition
to cloud computing.
The views of the managers and their depart-
ments were taken to be discussed by the IT de-
partments who were always present at all meet-
ings, receiving and responding to the inquiries of
the departments so as to include what can be
- added to the road map.

2 DORRAINewsletter

Al-Khafji Joint Operations Launches its new Web Site
On Sunday, February 10,2019, Al-Khafji Joint
Operations launched its new official website
in the presence of Executive Director of In-
dustrial Services Eng. Abdullah Al-Qahtani and
Acting Executive Director of Business Affairs
Mubarak Al-Saedi.
This new launch was the fruit of the team›s
efforts, in which Public and Government Re-
lations Department Manager Eng. Riyadh Al-
Hassan, Information Technology Department
Manager Eng. Nabil Al-Najrani, Media Affairs
Acting Superintendent Falah Al-Ajmi, and SAP
Superintendent Eng. Mohammed Al-Nufaei.
The project’s team was composed of Multi-
media Processor Ahmed Al-Azmi, E-Publisher
Faisal Al-Otaibi, and Yaser Al-Ribh.
The development gave a powerful addition to
the site and gained new interactive features
and rich content; it provides its browser with
a range of distinct options that have added
the characteristic of privacy and uniqueness.
The new homepage offers a great flexibility
to browse through a diverse menu that al-
lows users to dive deeper and easier, enabling
them to access rich information on many top-
ics related to common operations at the least
Aramco Gulf Operations Farewells Tariq Al-Mahfouz
On Wednesday, January 30, 2019, and in presence of
Eng. Azeb Al-Qahtani–President and Chief Executive
Officer, Aramco Gulf Business Operations held a cere-
mony honoring and paying tribute to Tariq Al Mahfouz–
Chief Financial Officer–on the occasion of the end of
his term at Aramco Gulf Operations.
The ceremony was held at Al Jazira Guest House on
Wednesday and was attended by members of the Ex-
ecutive Management, a number of Aramco Gulf Opera-
tions and Al Khafji Joint Operations personnel.
In his speech, Al-Qahtani expressed his sincere thanks
and appreciation to Al-Mahfouz on behalf of the Ex-
ecutive Management for his great efforts and achieve-
ments over the seven years he spent at Aramco Gulf
Operations.
Al-Mahfouz started his career at Aramco Gulf Opera-
tions as aChief Financial Officer in November 2011
until the end of January 2018 and has made significant
contributions during his tenure in the company›s busi-
ness.
At the conclusion of the ceremony, Al-Qahtani pre-
sented an appreciation gift to Al-Mahfouz, who ex-
pressed his thanks and appreciation.
Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019
time.
The developed site www.kjo.com.sa has
many advanced features including its use of
a sophisticated infrastructure system; it facili-
tates the dynamic collection and updating of
information; it also has the self-participation
of visitors; it allows them to meet their indi-
vidual needs in terms of creating a new fea-
ture. The subscription allows you to receive
instant alert signals when news related to
media events is added. The site also contains
collections of historical and modern imagery
and a video archive, reflecting the interest of
the Joint Operations in social and community
responsibility.
The homepage serves as a gateway to the
main sections of the Al-Khafji Joint Opera-
tions Website, which includes a profile of
joint operations, operations, health and safety,
environment, media center, employment and
eServices.
Users are also connected directly to the ac-
tivities of some of Al-Khafji Joint Operations
Departments, such as the Contracts Depart-
ment, where the site allows the registration
of contractors to enable them to participate
Joint Operation News
in automated bidding and other electronic pared by Al-Khafji Joint Operations, includes
services. keeping pace with the change that our region
In the new update, all technical precautions is currently experiencing.
have been taken to achieve the highest level Media Affairs Acting Superintendent Falah Al-
of safety of the website. Ajmi pointed out that the new site is based
on a range of advanced programs that allow
Site users can obtain printed copies of current
and previous versions of Joint Operations for expansion and development. The launch-
bulletins stored on embedded programs, and ing of the new site is the nucleus that we will
can also print or resubmit them. all develop after listening to the opinions of
visitors› and their proposals in the coming
The update included a photo gallery full of
months.
historical images, historical and modern vid-
He said: «Going to the site that is currently be-
eos that can be viewed, updated and expand-
ing presented supports the vision and mission
ed continuously to give users the greatest
of the future of Al-Khafji Joint Operations in
benefit.
the world of technology. Statistics show that
In a comment to Public and Government
the number of visitors to the Joint Opera-
Relations Department Manager Eng. Riyadh
tions site is about 1,500 visitors per day and
Al-Hassan said: «The Joint Operation’s con-
that they record about 150 applications per
tinuous development and diversity of its
month. The site is expected to attract large
operations have led the team to update and
numbers of visitors, which will provide a vivid
develop the new site to make the visit to
picture of the technical progress achieved
the official website more enjoyable and easy,
by Al-Khafji Joint Operations, while allowing
bringing it to an advanced level that allows
visitors from around the world to access and
visitors to access at the same time a large
learn about the works, projects and culture of
amount of information displayed in a high
Al-Khafji Joint Operations in their industrial,
technical way.
economic and social fields and activities.
Al-Hassan added that this site, which was pre-
DORRAINewsletter 3
Joint Operation News Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019

Executive Management Safety Review Team

Visits Onshore Production (OND)
and Project designs & Construction Offices & Facilities

Consistent with the requirement of KJO’s Safety Management System, Executive

Management Safety Review (EMSR) Team continued its effort of maintaining and
promoting highest level of safety standards throughout KJO facilities by conducting
the first EMSR for the year 2019.The review was conducted on 13th February 2019.
The EMSR Team, consisting of Mr. Azeb M. Al-Qahtani (Chairman – Joint Opera-
tions Committee), Mr. Mohammed R. Al-Khatib (Executive Director of Operations),
Abdullah M. Al-Qahtani (Executive Director of Industrial Services), Mr. Sulaiman
Malek (A/Executive Director of Human Resources), Mubarak Al Saeedi (A/Executive
Director of Business) and the department heads and representatives of concerned
departments, visited PCD & OND operations and facilities.
The individual groups checked and verified the departments’ compliance with the
safety requirements for offices, Control room, and plants. Executive management’s
presence in those areas provided opportunities for interaction with operations and
maintenance crew primarily to discuss safety and operational issues that clearly
showed company’s active leadership and interest in the personal safety of employees
on top of promoting safe and efficient operation.
Following the tour, the Team headed for a presentation meeting at the Headquarter
Conference Hall presented by ISD Loss Prevention Safety Engineer Nasser Al-Suena.
The meeting started with a welcome note by Mr. Hassan M. Sahaim, Superintendent
of Loss Prevention. This was followed by LPD Safety Engineer, Mr. Arnel Arcos pre-
sentation of all KJO Safety Performance for the year of 2018 and first quarter of
the year 2019 focusing on OND’s and PCD’s safety performances. A Safety training
statistics for all KJO was highlighted followed by an open session of the findings and
observations from all groups that included essential safety related issues requiring
executive management’s urgent attention and direction.
In his closing remarks, Mr. Azeb M. Al-Qahtani, JOC Chairman conveyed his apprecia-
tion and gratitude to the host departments and to the EMSR team for their active
participation in ensuring that safety is given its primary place in KJO’s operation as
envisioned in the company’s HSE vision, mission and policy.
At the end of the EMSR, ISD has concluded the EMSR session with a Safety Recog-
nition Program. Mr. Azeb M. Qahtani has recognized the PCD for the outstanding
safety performance among all KJO departments where a safety award was received
by Mr. Kuhail Al-Otaibi (Manager of PCD). ISD has also recognized the best contrac-
tor with an outstanding safety performance and award provided to JGC contractor
received by JGC Project Manager. The last safety awards has been awarded to Mr.
Ahmed Al Wazan, EDD HSE Engineer for his outstanding safety performance as a
Safety Coordinator.

4 DORRAINewsletter
 Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019 Joint Operation News

In Presence of C-JOC
The Executive Director of Industrial Services
honors the group’s team

In the presence of C-JOC Eng. Azeb Al-Qahtani and the Executive Directors, the Executive Di-
rector of Industrial Services Abdullah bin Mufleh Al Qahtani honored the team of the Industrial
Services Group. The group consists of four departments: the Public and Government Relations
Department, the Community and Business Services Department, the Medical Services Depart-
ment and the Industrial Security and Safety Department.
The ceremony was held on Wednesday 13 February 2019 at the Cultural Tent in the attendance
of Executive Director of Operations Eng. Mohammad Al-Khatib, Acting Executive Director of
Human Resources Eng. Sulaiman Malek, Acting Executive Director of Business Affairs Mubarak
Al Saeedi, Public and Government Relations Department Manager Eng. Riyadh Al Hassan, Indus-
trial Security and Safety Department Manager Sultan Al Sadoun, Medical Services Department
Manager Dr. Saud Al-Theeb, Community and Business Services Department Manager Jibreen
Al-Azmi, and the departments superintendents, supervisors and a number of departmental staff.
Mohammad Abdulrahim from the Public and Government Relations Department delivered a
speech in which he welcomed the Chairman of the Operational Committee, the Executive
Directors, the Managers and the attendees. He congratulated the honored and then invited
the Executive Director of Industrial Services Abdullah Al Qahtani to address the occasion. He
welcomed the Chairman of the Operational Committee and the attendees: This honoring is for
your outstanding performance in your work, and for your sincere efforts, and for your excellent
results, to achieve the goals according to your business plans and responsibilities.
The honorees were invited to receive their gifts from Eng. Azeb Al-Qahtani and Abdulla Al-
Qahtani. The total number of employees was 84. This award came in the context of rewarding
the employees for performance in 2018 and motivating them to make more efforts in 2019.After
the employees were honored, Al-Qahtani honored the departmental managers which were Eng.
Riyadh Al Hassan, Sultan Al Sadoun, Dr. Saud Al Theeb and Jibreen Al Azmi.
At the end of the ceremony, the Chairman of the Joint Operational Committee Eng. Azeb Al-
Qahtani addressed the honored, and said in his speech: I would like to thank all those who are
present at this ceremony and express their satisfaction and satisfaction with the achievements
of the Industrial Services Group during this past year and to achieve more achievements in the
new year.
Then everyone ate lunch prepared for this occasion in a wonderful family atmosphere, inter-
spersed with friendly conversations.

DORRAINewsletter 5
Panorama
| Safety |
Every day, 6,300 people die as a result of
occupational accidents or work-related
diseases – more than 2.3 million deaths
per year. 317 million accidents occur on
the job annually; many of these resulting
in extended absences from work. The
human cost of this daily adversity is
vast and the economic burden of poor
occupational safety and health practices
is estimated at 4 per cent of global Gross
Domestic Product each year.
The ILO’s campaign for the 2017 World
Day for Safety and Health at Work
focuses on the critical need for countries
to improve their capacity to collect and
utilize reliable occupational safety and
health (OSH) data.
The United Nations 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development adopted on
September 25, 2015 encompasses a
global plan of action with specific targets
to end poverty, protect the planet,
and ensure prosperity for all. With its
adoption, the capacity to collect and
utilize reliable OSH data has also become
indispensable for countries to fulfil their
commitment to implement and report
on some of the agenda’s 17 sustainable
development goals and their targets.
The World Day for Safety and Health
at Work is an annual international
campaign to promote safe, healthy and
decent work. It is held on 28 April and
has been observed by the International
Labour Organization (ILO) since 2003.
A national occupational safety and health
culture is one in which the right to a
safe and healthy working environment
is respected at all levels, where
governments, employers and workers
actively participate in securing a safe and
healthy working environment through a
system of defined rights, responsibilities
and duties, and where the highest
priority is accorded to the principle of
prevention.
6 DORRAINewsletter
Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019
| Science |
What Is Infrared?
Infrared radiation (IR), or infrared
light, is a type of radiant energy
that›s invisible to human eyes but
that we can feel as heat. All objects
in the universe emit some level of
IR radiation, but two of the most
obvious sources are the sun and
fire.
IR is a type of electromagnetic
radiation, a continuum of
frequencies produced when
atoms absorb and then release
energy. From highest to lowest
frequency, electromagnetic
radiation includes gamma-rays,
X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible
light, infrared radiation, microwaves
and radio waves. Together, these
types of radiation make up the
electromagnetic spectrum.
British astronomer William
Herschel discovered infrared light
in 1800, according to NASA. In
an experiment to measure the
difference in temperature between
the colors in the visible spectrum,
he placed thermometers in the
path of light within each color of
the visible spectrum. He observed
an increase in temperature
from blue to red, and he found
an even warmer temperature
measurement just beyond the red
end of the visible spectrum.
Within the electromagnetic
spectrum, infrared waves occur
at frequencies above those of
microwaves and just below those
of red visible light, hence the name
«infrared.» Waves of infrared
radiation are longer than those
of visible light, according to the
California Institute of Technology
(Caltech). IR frequencies range
from about 3 gigahertz (GHz)
up to about 400 terahertz (THz),
and wavelengths are estimated to
range between 1,000 micrometers
(µm) and 760 nanometers
(2.9921 inches), although these
values are not definitive, according
to NASA.
Similar to the visible light
| Health |
The
Best
Type
of
Exercise
to
Burn
Fat
spectrum, which ranges from
violet (the shortest visible-light
wavelength) to red (longest
wavelength), infrared radiation has
its own range of wavelengths. The
shorter «near-infrared» waves,
which are closer to visible light
on the electromagnetic spectrum,
don›t emit any detectable heat
and are what›s discharged from
a TV remote control to change
the channels. The longer «far-
infrared» waves, which are closer
to the microwave section on
the electromagnetic spectrum,
can be felt as intense heat, such
The receiver converts the light for targeting.
as the heat from sunlight or fire,
pulses to electrical signals that Infrared spectroscopy measures
according to NASA.
instruct a microprocessor to carry IR emissions from materials
IR radiation is one of the three
out the programmed command. at specific wavelengths. The IR
ways heat is transferred from one
Infrared sensing spectrum of a substance will show
place to another, the other two
One of the most useful characteristic dips and peaks as
being convection and conduction.
applications of the IR spectrum photons (particles of light) are
Everything with a temperature
is in sensing and detection. All absorbed or emitted by electrons
above around 5 degrees Kelvin
objects on Earth emit IR radiation in molecules as the electrons
(minus 450 degrees Fahrenheit or
in the form of heat. This can be transition between orbits, or
minus 268 degrees Celsius) emits
detected by electronic sensors, energy levels. This spectroscopic
IR radiation. The sun gives off half
such as those used in night vision information can then be used to
of its total energy as IR, and much
goggles and infrared cameras. identify substances and monitor
of the star›s visible light is absorbed
A simple example of such a sensor chemical reactions.
and re-emitted as IR, according to
is the bolometer, which consists of According to Robert Mayanovic,
the University of Tennessee.
a telescope with a temperature- professor of physics at Missouri
Household uses
sensitive resistor, or thermistor, State University, infrared
Household appliances such as
at its focal point, according to the spectroscopy, such as Fourier
heat lamps and toasters use
University of California, Berkeley transform infrared (FTIR)
IR radiation to transmit heat,
(UCB). If a warm body comes into spectroscopy, is highly useful for
as do industrial heaters such as
this instrument›s field of view, the numerous scientific applications.
those used for drying and curing
heat causes a detectable change in These include the study of
materials. Incandescent bulbs
the voltage across the thermistor. molecular systems and 2D
convert only about 10 percent
Night vision cameras use a materials, such as graphene.
of their electrical energy input
more sophisticated version of Infrared astronomy
into visible light energy, while the
a bolometer. These cameras Caltech describes infrared
other 90 percent is converted to
typically contain charge-coupled astronomy as «the detection and
infrared radiation, according to the
device (CCD) imaging chips that study of the infrared radiation
Environmental Protection Agency.
are sensitive to IR light. The image (heat energy) emitted from
Infrared lasers can be used for
formed by the CCD can then objects in the universe.» Advances
point-to-point communications
be reproduced in visible light. in IR CCD imaging systems have
over distances of a few hundred
These systems can be made small allowed for detailed observation
meters or yards. TV remote
enough to be used in hand-held of the distribution of IR sources
controls that rely on infrared
devices or wearable night-vision in space, revealing complex
radiation shoot out pulses of IR
goggles. The cameras can also structures in nebulas, galaxies and
energy from a light-emitting diode
be used for gun sights with or the large-scale structure of the
(LED) to an IR receiver in the TV,
without the addition of an IR laser universe.
according to How Stuff Works.
A few minutes of brief, intense exercise may be blood sugar
as effective as much lengthier walks or other
moderate workouts for incinerating body fat,
control,
pressure
blood
and
according to a helpful new review of the effects other measures of
of exercise on fat loss. The review finds that health and fitness
super-short intervals could even, in some cases, to the same or
burn more fat than a long walk or jog, but the a greater extent
effort involved needs to be arduous. than standard
I have written many times about the health,
fitness and brevity benefits of high-intensity
endurance training,
such as brisk
interval training, which typically involves a few
minutes — or even seconds — of strenuous
walking or jogging, even if it lasts two or three
times as long.
exertion followed by a period of rest, with the People being people, though, the most common
sequence repeated multiple times. Most H.I.I.T.
workouts require less than half an hour, from
question I hear about quickie intervals and have
asked, on my own behalf, is whether they also
beginning to end (including a warm-up and
cool-down), and the strenuous portions of the
will aid in weight control and fat loss.
Only a few past studies have directly compared
workout are even briefer.
But despite this concision, studies show that
the fat-burning effects of endurance training
to those of short interval workouts, however,
interval workouts can improve aerobic fitness, and their results have been inconsistent. Some

| Environment |
Top 7 science anniversaries to celebrate in 2019
Identifying anniversaries to celebrate is not exactly the most pressing issue
facing the scientific community these days.
There’s much more important stuff. Like articulating the seriousness
of climate change and searching for new knowledge that will aid in
combatting it. Or coping with sexual harassment and discrimination.
Or securing reliable funding from a nonfunctioning government. Not to
mention figuring out what dark matter is.
Still, maintaining sanity requires occasional diversion from all the sources
of darkness, despair and despondency. In bleak days it sometimes helps
to recall happier moments and reflect on some of science’s great
accomplishments and the scientists responsible for them. Fortunately
2019 offers numerous opportunities for celebration, many more than can
fit in a Top 10. So don’t be dismayed if your favorite isn’t listed (such as J.
Presper Eckert’s centennial, John Couch Adams’ or Jean Foucault’s 200th
birthday or Caroline Furness’ 150th).
7. Magellan’s circumnavigation of the globe, 500th
anniversary
On September 20, 1519, Ferdinand Magellan set sail from southern Spain
with five ships on a transoceanic trek that would require three years
to circumnavigate the globe. But Magellan made it only halfway, killed in
a skirmish in the Philippines. Still, the voyage retains his name, although
some modern sources prefer to call it the Magellan-Elcano expedition to
include Juan Sebastián Elcano, commander of the Victoria, the only ship of
the original five to make it back to Spain. Historian Samuel Eliot Morison
noted that Elcano “finished the navigation, but he was only carrying out
Magellan’s plan.”
Among the great navigators of the Age of Discovery, Morison opined,
“Magellan stands supreme,” and because of his contributions to navigation
and geography, “the scientific value of this voyage is beyond doubt.”
Although it certainly wasn’t necessary to sail around the Earth to prove
that it was round, circumnavigating the globe for the first time surely
qualifies as a significant human achievement, even if ranking slightly behind
going to the moon.
6. Moon landing, 50th anniversary
Apollo 11 was mainly a symbolic (though technically difficult) achievement,
but nevertheless scientifically significant. Besides boosting the science
of lunar geology by bringing back moon rocks, the Apollo astronauts
deployed experiments to measure moonquakes (thereby learning more
about the moon’s interior), studied the lunar soils and the solar wind, and
left behind a mirror as a target for Earth-based lasers to measure the
distance to the moon with high precision. (Later Apollo missions deployed
more extensive experiments as well.)
But even more than providing new scientific results, the Apollo mission
represented a celebration of past scientific achievements — the
understanding of the laws of motion and gravity and chemistry and
propulsion (not to mention electromagnetic communication) —
accumulated by earlier scientists who had no idea that their work would
someday make Neil Armstrong famous.
5. Alexander von Humboldt, 250th birthday
Born in Berlin on September 14, 1769, von Humboldt was perhaps the
19th century’s best candidate for the designation of Renaissance man. Not
only a geographer, geologist, botanist and engineer, he was also a world-
indicate that intervals prompt significant fat loss and others
that any losses are negligible when compared to the effects of
endurance training.
But those studies have almost all been small and short-term.
They also used many different approaches to interval and
endurance exercise, making the findings difficult to interpret.
So, for the new review, which was published in January in The
British Journal of Sports Medicine, researchers from Brazil and
Britain decided to pull together as much data as possible from
all of the existing, high-quality studies looking at intervals and
body fat.
Scrolling through medical library databases, they eventually
found 36 studies that involved randomized experiments —
not surveys or other epidemiological data — comparing the
effects of endurance training to those from interval workouts.
The experiments had to have lasted at least a month and
included body-composition measurements at the start and
finish, even if changes to body fat had not been the primary
focus of the study. (And in most of these experiments, they
were not.)
Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019
class explorer and one the most important writers of popular science
of his century. With the botanist Aimé Bonpland, von Humboldt spent
five years scouring South America and Mexico for new plants while also
recording 23 volumes’ worth of observations on geology and minerals,
meteorology and climate, and other geophysical data. He was both a deep
and broad thinker, composing a five-volume work called Cosmos that
essentially conveyed the totality of modern (as it was then) science to the
general public. And he was also one of science’s leading humanitarians,
arguing vigorously in opposition to slavery, racism and anti-Semitism.
4. Thomas Young’s paper on measurement error,
bicentennial
An Englishman famous for an experiment showing the wave nature
of light, Young was also a physician and linguist. This year’s anniversary
celebration recognizes one of his more obscure papers, published two
centuries ago (January 1819), on the math related to the probability
of errors in scientific measurements. He commented on the use of
probability theory to express the reliability of experimental results in “a
numerical form.” He found it interesting to show why “the combination of
a multitude of independent sources of error” has a natural tendency “to
diminish the aggregate variation of their joint effect.” In other words, if you
make a lot of measurements, the size of the probable error of your result
will be smaller than if you make just one measurement. And math can be
applied to estimate the probable size of the error.
Young warned, though, that such methods could be misused: “This
calculation has sometimes vainly endeavoured to substitute arithmetic
for common sense,” he pointed out. It’s necessary to guard against
any “constant causes of errors” (now known as “systematic errors”) in
addition to random error. And he noted that it is “very seldom safe to rely
on the total absence of such causes,” especially when the “observations
are made by any one instrument, or even by any one observer.” Trust in
math without concern for such considerations, he warned, could lead to
erroneous conclusions: “For want of considering this necessary condition,
the results of many elegant and refined investigations, relating to the
probabilities of error, may in the end be found perfectly nugatory.” So
there.
3. Johannes Kepler’s Harmonices Mundi, 400th
a n n i v e rs a r y
Kepler, one of the greatest physicist-astronomers of the 17th century,
attempted to reconcile the ancient idea of the harmony of the spheres
with the modern astronomy that he had helped to establish. The original
idea, attributed to the Greek philosopher-mathematician Pythagoras, was
that spheres carrying the heavenly bodies around the Earth generated
a musical harmony.
Apparently nobody
heard this music
because, some
Pythagoreans
contended, it was
present at birth and
so was unnoticed
background noise.
Kepler believed
Then the researchers pooled numbers from the studies, giving
them a total of more than 1,000 participants, young and old,
male and female.
The moderate-exercise routines used in the studies varied
considerably, with some involving walking and others jogging,
cycling or swimming. In general, the endurance-style workouts
lasted for about 40 minutes.
The interval sessions likewise differed from one study to the
next, but most involved intervals lasting for a few minutes at
a time, at a pace just below all-out effort, which is typical of
H.I.I.T. Others required a few seconds of absolutely all-out
exertion, an approach the researchers dubbed sprint-interval
training, or S.I.T.
Then the researchers simply compared fat loss after the
different exercise programs.
The results should be encouraging for anyone who exercises.
Both moderate training and intervals, of all types, led to
reductions in body fat, the researchers found.These reductions
were absolute, meaning that people shed some of their actual
fat mass, and also relative, meaning that they lowered the
Panorama
Joint Operation News
the construction of the universe, with the sun rather than Earth at its
center, observed harmonious mathematical ratios. He had long sought to
explain the architecture of the solar system as corresponding to nested
geometrical solids, thereby prescribing the distances separating the
(elliptical) planetary orbits. In Harmonices Mundi (Harmony of the World),
published in 1619, he admitted that solids alone could not accurately
account for the details of planetary orbits — additional principles were
needed. Most of his book is no longer relevant to astronomy, but its lasting
contribution was Kepler’s third law of planetary motion, which showed
the mathematical relationship between a planet’s distance from the sun
and the time the planet takes to complete one orbit.
2. Eclipse expedition validates Einstein, centennial
Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity, completed in 1915, predicted
that light from a distant star passing near the sun would be bent by
the sun’s gravity, altering the apparent position of the star in the sky.
Newtonian physics could explain some such bending, but only half as
much as Einstein had calculated. Observing such light seemed like a good
way to test Einstein’s theory, except for the slight problem that you can’t
see stars at all when the sun is in the sky. Both Newtonian and Einsteinian
physics agreed, though, on when the next solar eclipse would be, making
stars near the edge of the sun briefly visible.
British astrophysicist Arthur Eddington led an expedition to observe an
eclipse from an island off the coast of West Africa in May 1919. Eddington
found that deviations for some stars from their previously recorded
location matched general relativity’s forecast close enough to declare
Einstein the winner. Apart from making Einstein famous, the result didn’t
matter much at the time (apart from encouraging general relativity’s
use in theorizing about cosmology). But general relativity became a big
deal decades later, when it was needed to explain new astrophysical
phenomena and also to make it possible for GPS devices to be accurate
enough to do away with road maps.
1. Periodic Table! Sesquicentennial!
Dmitrii Mendeleev was not the first chemist to notice that several
groups of elements had similar properties. But in 1869 he identified a
guiding principle for classifying the elements: If you list them in order of
increasing atomic weight, elements with similar properties recur at regular
(periodic) intervals. Using this insight he created the first periodic table
of the elements, one of the grandest accomplishments in the history of
chemistry. Many of science’s great achievements appeared in the form
of inscrutable mathematical formulas, or required elaborate experiments
requiring intuitive genius, great manual dexterity, enormous cost or
complex technology.
But the periodic table is a wall chart. It allows anybody to grasp at a
glance the foundations of an entire scientific discipline. Mendeleev’s table
has often been reconstructed, and its guiding rule is now atomic number
rather than atomic weight. But it remains the most versatile consolidation
of profound scientific information ever constructed — an iconic
representation of all the types of matter from which earthly substances
are made. And you can find it not only on classroom walls, but also on
ties, T-shirts and coffee mugs. Someday maybe it will decorate the walls of
a chemistry-themed restaurant — called The Periodic Tables.
percentage of their body mass that was fat.
The changes also for the most part occurred whether or not
people lost a noticeable amount of overall weight, suggesting
that they might be losing fat while gaining muscle.
Perhaps most important for people drawn to quickie exercise,
interval training, especially S.I.T. workouts, often burned more
fat, in absolute terms, than prolonged, moderate exercise, with
interval trainers dropping an average of about 3.5 pounds of
fat during most studies, versus about 2.5 pounds for moderate
exercisers.
It is worth noting that this is a one-pound difference, which in
real-world terms is almost negligible.
In fact, the primary takeaway of the review could be that, “due
to the similarity of outcomes, there can be flexibility in choice
of exercise approach,” for anyone hoping to trim fat, says James
Steele, an associate professor of sport and exercise science
at Solent University in Southampton, England, who conducted
the review with colleagues from the Federal University of
Goiás in Brazil and other institutions.
DORRAINewsletter 7
Last Page Year 10 Vol.No: (109) February 2019

٢٠٤ ‫احمد السعدي يتراس اجتماع ملندوبي الدوائر بعد جوله تفقد اجرآ السالمه‬

RUSSIA PLANS TO BRIEFLY

DISCONNECT FROM THE INTERNET
TO SEE WHAT HAPPENS
Russia is planning to disconnect itself from the internet as part
of a planned experiment designed to protect the country from
state-backed cyber attacks.
Internet service providers in the country are working with the
Russian government in preparation for the test, which comes
in response to a proposed new law that will see all internet
traffic pass through Russian servers.
When it is passed, the Digital Economy National Program leg-
islation requires the local internet, known as the Runet, to pass
through exchange points managed by Russia’s telecommunica-
tions regulator Roskomnazor. | Technology |
The test will see the Runet separated from the wider internet
for a short period of time at some point before 1 April, accord- Ferrari announces new F8 Tributo, its
ing to local news agency RosBiznesKonsalting (RBK).
Once in force, the Digital Economy National Program will si- most powerful V8 supercar ever
multaneously protect Russia in the event of cyber war, while
Out with the 488 GTB, in with the F8 headlights has allowed Ferrari to use
also filtering internet traffic to the country in a similar way to
Tributo. Ferrari is justifiably proud of its that space for extra cooling air ducts
the ‘Great Firewall of China’.
powerful 3.9-liter twin-turbo V8 engine, to the wheel arches, which will help
The idea of cutting Russia off from the broader internet was
so it has busted out its favorite infinity the Tributo›s brakes stay within their
first proposed in 2014, after the Security Council of Russia
background photo studio to introduce favored temperature zone. Spoiler
warned of the risks of relying on other countries to provide
its latest supercar ahead of a public alert: there›s a spoiler. Not a very big
essential parts of the country’s internet infrastructure.
debut in Geneva next weekend. one, but made more effective using a
By creating a self-contained system, the bill’s authors claim
The vented engine cover will be one «blown spoiler» design like that on the
Russia will be immune from having its internet severed as a
of the F8 Tributo›s signature design rear engined Ferrari supercars. We look 488 Spider (sweet background!). The
result of a cyber attack.
elements forward to seeing it right up until Ferrari rear flanks of the car hide the engine air
Russia has consistently been accused of being behind cyber
The fully redesigned interior leaves little releases its final product in 2055: a V8 intakes beneath the tail lights.
attacks on Western countries, with the UK National Cyber
doubt about this car›s intentions to be carbon fiber walking frame for the last The vented engine cover will be one
Security Centre identifying a campaign in October that was al-
driven hard surviving people with driver›s licenses. of the F8 Tributo›s signature design
legedly carried out by the Russian military intelligence service
An aerodynamic reworking of the 488 The S-Duct vented hood looks terrific. elements
GRU.
GTB shape, using elements from the 488 The whole car looks terrific. Better braking is necessitated by more
In response, the UK joined previous calls by Nato to take an
Pista As to the F8 Tributo, it looks ... Well, power and speed, and it wouldn›t be a
“offensive defence” against Russian-backed cyber attacks.
Welcome back, twin round tail lights! frankly, almost exactly like its predecessor supercar launch without those. The F8
“These cyber attacks serve no legitimate national security in-
If the photos of this F8 Tributo look despite the fact that Ferrari calls this Tributo (which I keep misreading as tri-
terest, instead impacting the ability of people around the world
familiar, you›ve been paying attention. «a bridge to a new design language.» turbo) gains 49 horsepower for a total of
to go about their daily lives free from interference, and even
Where most brands agonize over The overall body shape has remained 710 ponies – an admirable achievement
their ability to enjoy sport,” UK Foreign Secretary Jeremy
photoshoot locations for each new all but identical, while each detail has out of a 3.9-liter engine and the most
Hunt said at the time.
vehicle, Ferrari has been using this been tweaked just enough to call it a powerful V8 Ferrari has ever built. The
“Our message is clear: together with our allies, we will expose
particular grey-carpet-with-dramatic-sky different car. It›s like the designers hit company claims that even though its
and respond to the GRU’s attempts to undermine interna-
backdrop for the last six years or more. randomize on all the bolt-ons. The key exhaust gases are being forced through
tional stability.”
We first spotted it in 2013 with the 458 visual difference to the casual fan will be two turbines, there›s still an «evocative
Certain elements of the partial black out remain unresolved,
Speciale, but since then it›s been used the scoopier hood, heavily reminiscent soundtrack.»
according to former Kaspersky CEO Natalya Kasperskaya,
for everything from the California T, the of the «S-Duct» on the 488 Pista track Expect performance in the realm of
who sits on the Information Security Working Group who
458 Speciale A Spider and the Portofino, special. Hey, nice studio backdrop you›ve 2.9 second sprints from 0100-kmh (0-
agreed the legislation.
to the 812 Superfast, F12 Special Edition, got there guys! The vented Lexan engine 62 mph). That›s no joke for something
Issues that remain unresolved include the extent of the impact
and all manner of others. cover will also be distinctive, a nod to the without electric help. Top speed,
that the test will have on Russian citizens, businesses and gov-
This background was there when the F40. None of this is necessarily bad – like should you find enough road and grim
ernment agencies.
488 GTB replaced the 458, bowing to the 488 GTB before it, it looks terrific. determination to go looking for it, will be
www.independent.co.uk emissions regulations and giving up its There›s more to it, of course; that S-duct 340 km/h, or 211 mph. Those are lovely
full-throated naturally aspirated V8 for a alone boosts the car›s downforce by numbers to quote to your friends at the
twin turbo, so now it can claim to have some 15 percent at speed, and the shrimp bar after you›ve just idled it down
ushered in three generations of mid- lack of blingy LED «eyelashes» on the Hollywood Boulevard in traffic.

8 DORRAINewsletter https://newatlas.com/ferrari