SUMMARY

Student: Alex Mauricio González Reinoso

Professor: DANIEL ENRIQUE CASALIGLIA GORDON

Subject:

Materials Science

2021-03-22
 STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR

FLOW RATE OF METAL POWDERS USING THE HALL FLOW METER

FUNNEL

This test method covers the determination of a flow rate, by the use of the Hall

Flowmeter funnel of metal powders and powder mixtures.

It is suitable only for those powders that will flow unaided through the Hall Flowmeter

funnel.

The ability of a powder to flow is a function of interparticle friction. As interparticle

friction increases, flow is slowed. Some powders, often fine powders and lubricated

powder mixtures, may not flow through the Hall Flowmeter funnel. Nevertheless, if a

larger orifice is provided, a meaningful flow rate may be determined, providing specific.

Humidity and moisture content influence flow rate. Wet or moist powders may not flow.

Apparatus

• Powder Flowmeter Funnel A flowmeter funnel

having a calibrated orifice of 0.10 in. (2.54 mm) in diameter.

• The dimensions shown for the flowmeter funnel,

includ- ing the orifice, are not to be considered controlling

factors.
 • Stand A stand to support the powder flow- meter

funnel.

• Workbench A level, vibration free table or

workbench to support the powder flowmeter stand.

• Timing Device A stopwatch or other suitable

device

capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 s.

• Chinese Emery An emery powder used to calibrate

the flowmeter funnel.

• Balance A balance readable to 0.01 g suitable for

weighing at least 50.0 g to the nearest 0.1 g.

Sampling

A test sample of powder sufficient to run the desired number of flow tests.

Preparación del aparato

✓ Limpiar el embudo con papel de toalla limpio y seco.

✓ 8.2 Limpie el orificio del embudo con un limpiapipas seco y limpio.

Calibración de aparatos

The manufacturer supplies the powder flowmeter funnel calibrated as follows:

1. Heat an open glass jar of Chinese emery in a drying oven at a temperature of

102° to 107 °C (215° to 225 °F) for 1h.

2. Cool the emery to room temperature in a desiccator.

3. The correction factor for the unused flowmeter funnel is 40.0 divided by this

number.
 4. The value was 40.0. It represents the flThe flow rate of Chinese emery

powder was established by an interlaboratory study conducted by Subcommittee

B09.02 in 1995. ow rate through the master flowmeter funnel that had been used in

a previous interlaboratory study with the former Turkish emery calibration powder,

which is no longer available.

5. It is recommended that the flow rate be checked periodically, at least every

six months

6. If the flow rate has changed from that stamped on the instrument, the new

correction factor will be 40.0 divided by this new flow rate. Before adopting the

new correction factor, however, it is recommended that the cause of the change be

investigated. If the flow rate has increased (faster flow), it is probable that repeated

use has burnished the orifice and the new correction factor may be used. A decrease

in flow rate (slower flow) may indicate a plating of soft powder upon the orifice.

Procedure

Method 1

Stationary Powder Start to Flow Measure- ment (Static Flow Method):

▪ Weigh out a 50.0 g mass of powder, as sampled, into a clean

weighing dish.

▪ Block the discharge orifice at the bottom of the funnel with a dry

finger.

▪ Carefully pour the 50.0 g sample of powder into the center of the

flowmeter funnel without any tapping, vibration or movement of the funnel.

▪ Place the emptied weighing dish on the flowmeter stand directly

under the funnel orifice.

 ▪ Simultaneously start the timing device and remove your finger from

the discharge orifice.

▪ If the powder fails to start flowing, one light tap on the funnel rim is

permitted

Stop the timing device the instant the last of the powder exits the orifice.

Record the elapsed time to the nearest 0.1 s.

More than one flow may be run if desired. Use a fresh 50.0 g quantity of

powder for each flow test. Average the flow times.

Method 2

Moving Powder Start to Flow Measure- ment (Dynamic Flow Method):

• Place an empty receptacle directly under the dis- charge orifice.

• Weigh out a 50.0 g mass of powder, as sampled, into a clean

weighing dish.

• Pour the 50.0 g powder specimen into the center of the funnel and

start the timing device the instant the powder exits the orifice.
 • Stop the timing device the instant the last of the powder exits the

orifice.

• Record the elapsed time to the nearest 0.1 s.

• More than one flow may be run if desired. Use a fresh 50.0 g quantity

of powder for each flow test. Average the flow times.

Calculation

Calculate the correction factor by dividing 40.0 by either the flow rate stamped on

the bottom of the funnel, or the new calibration flow rate established in 9.3.

✓ Multiply the elapsed time by the desired correction factor.

Report

Report the corrected Hall flow rate (FRH) as:

FRH = t s/50 g, where t is the flow time in seconds, to the nearest second.

Precision and Bias

Precision for the static flow method has been determined from an interlaboratory

study performed by seven laboratories of Subcommittee B09.02.

In 95% of flow rate determinations, on the basis of test error alone, duplicate tests in the

same laboratory by the same operator on one homogeneous lot of powder will differ by no

more than the stated amount in seconds.