GRADE 8 (WEEK 1) SOURCE: OUR WORLD OF MATH (VIBAL)

Chapter 1: Finding Special Products and Factoring Apply the distributive property to find each product.
Lesson 1.1: Special Product ( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a ( a 2−ab+ b2 ) +b ( a 2−ab+b 2 )
NAME: __________________________________________________________
( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a3 −a2 b+ab 2+ a2 b−a b 2+ b3
ENGAGE
In this lesson, you learn that there are some products that come in special forms. Since they ( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a3 +b 3
occur frequently, it will be advantageous if you can recognize them quickly. Can you name these
products that have special forms?
( a−b ) ( a 2+ ab+b2 ) =a ( a 2+ ab+b2 ) −b ( a 2+ ab+b2 )
BUILD YOUR UNDERSTANDING ( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a3 +a 2 b+ ab2−a2 b−a b 2−b 3
Consider these illustrations.
( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a3 −b3
( x +4 )2=( x+ 4 )( x +4 ) ( 3 m−4 )2=( 3 m−4 )( 3 m−4 ) You should have noticed that the products in the above illustrations are binomials. Each term of the
¿ x 2+ 4 x +4 x+16 ¿ 9 m 2−12 m−12 m+16 binomial product is a perfect cube like a 3 and b 3. There is either a plus or minus sign between each
¿ x 2+ 8 x +16 ¿ 9 m 2−24 m+16 term of the binomial product. The general forms can be stated as:
Notice that the two illustrations show how a binomial is multiplied by itself. If you take a look at their SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF TWO CUBES
products, you will see that the square of a binomial takes a special form.
( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) =a3 +b 3
PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIAL
The square of a binomial, called perfect square trinomial, is the square of the first
( a−b ) ( a 2+ ab+b2 ) =a3 −b3
term, plus or minus twice the product of the two terms, plus the square of the second Let us take a look at more examples a ismultiplying
where of the first term and b is involving
polynomials the second term.products.
special
term. In symbols, LET’S SAY
( a+ b )2=¿ a 2+2 ab+ b2 Find each product.

( a−b )2 =¿ a 2−2 ab+b2

1. ( 7 x+ 2 )2 a=7 x ; b=2
Multiplying a sum and a difference of two binomials also to a special form. Study the following 2
Substituting the values in the form ( a+ b ) =¿ a 2+2 ab+ b2, we have
illustrations. 2
( x +2 )( x−2 )=x −2 x +2 x−4 ( 1+ x )( 1−x ) =1−x + x−x 2 ( 7 x+ 2 )2=(7 x )2+ 2(7 x)(2)+(2)2
¿ x 2−4 ¿ 1−x 2 ¿ 49 x 2 +28 x+ 4
2. ( 7 x−2 ) 2 a=7 x ; b=2
( 2 x−3 ) ( 2 x +3 )=4 x 2 +6 x−6 x−9
2
Substituting the values in the form ( a−b ) =¿ a 2−2 ab+b2 , we have
4 x2 −9The product consists of only two terms, both squares with a minus
You must have noticed a¿pattern.
sign between them. Hence, the product is called difference of two squares. ( 7 x−2 )2=(7 x)2−2(7 x )(2)+(2)2
DIFFERENCE OF TWO SQUARES ¿ 49 x 2−28 x +4
The product of the sum and difference of two quantities is a difference of two 3. ( x−4)( x +4)
squares, that is, the square of the first quantity minus the square of the second. In The given factors are a sum and a difference of two quantities, so we can find the product using the
symbols, general form ( a+ b ) ( a−b )=a 2−b 2.
2 2 REMEMBER
( a+ b ) ( a−b )=a −b Since, a=x ; b=4 Hence, we have a 2−b 2=( x )2−(4)2  The square of a binomial is called a
Aside from the difference of two squares, we also have the sum and difference of two cubes. perfect square trinomial.
Consider finding a general pattern for the product of a binomial and a trinomial of the following forms: ¿ x 2−16  ( a+ b )2=¿ a 2+2 ab+ b2
2 2
(a+ b)(a −ab+b ) 4. ( x +2 y)¿)  ( a−b )2 =¿ a 2−2 ab+b2
(a−b)(a 2+ ab+b 2) The given is in the form ( a+ b ) ( a2−ab+b2 ) where a=x ; b=2 y .  The product of the sum and
difference of two terms is a
difference of two squares.
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 ( a+ b ) ( a−b )=a −b 2
2

 The product of the sum or difference

of two terms and the sum of their
negative product is the sum or
difference of two cubes.
GRADE 8 (WEEK 1) SOURCE: OUR WORLD OF MATH (VIBAL)
So, the product can be written in the form a 3+ b3. out the greatest common factor 3 x , the other factor is ( x−3). Finally, you will have 2 y 3−11 y 2 as
Thus, we have ( x +2 y ) ( x 2−2 xy +4 y 2 ) =(x )3+(2 y)3 y 2 (2 y−11).
Thus, we have ( x +2 y ) ( x 2−2 xy +4 y 2 ) =x 3+ 8 y 3
CHECK YOUR UNDERTANDING LET’S SAY
A. Find the product, and express in simplest form. (15 points) Take a look at the polynomials below.
1. ( x +4 )2 2 ab+2 ac−2 a; 20 x 2−12; x ( a−b )+ y (a−b)
Solutions:
2. (7 a−3)2 1. In the expression 2 ab+2 ac−2 a . What is the greatest common factor (GCF) of the
3. (3 x 2−6 x)2 terms?
4. (3+7 x )(3−7 x ) 2 ab=2∙ a ∙ b 2 ac=2 ∙ a∙ c 2 a=2∙ a
5. ( x +3)¿ ) Notice that the three terms above have a common factor 2 ∙ a. Thus, the GCF is 2 a.
Write each terms as the product of the GCF and its other factor.
Lesson 1.2: Factoring Polynomials with a Common Factor 2 ab+2 ac−2 a=2 a(b)+2 a(c)−2 a
NAME: __________________________________________________________ 2 ab+2 ac−2 a=2 a ( b+c−1 ) ( factor out the GCF)
Check factors by the distributive property.
ENGAGE
2. What about the factors of the expression 20 x 2−12?
In previous lessons., you learned how to find the products of algebraic expressions with
special characteristics. You identified the results as special products. This time, you will deal with 20 x 2=4 ∙ 5 ∙ x ∙ x
simply reversing the process, and this reverse process is called FACTORING.
12=4 ∙ 3
Finding products is “putting many into one” and factoring is “decomposing one to many.” Find
the product of the following algebraic expressions:
Notice that the two terms above have a common factor 4 . Thus, the GCF is 4 .
a. a ( x+ y + z )
Write each terms as the product of the GCF and its other factor.
b. 6( x−2) 20 x 2−12=4(5 x 2)−4 (3)
c. 3 k (k−3)
20 x 2−12=4(5 x 2−3)(factor out theGCF )
d. y 2 (11 y +2) 3. To factor x ( a−b )+ y (a−b), notice that
(a−b) is a factor of each term, hence the
How will you do the factoring? Each of the expressions involved in the decomposition is called
FACTORS. Find the factors of the following expressions: greatest common binomial factor, therefore x ( a−b ) + y ( a−b )=( a−b)( x+ y ).
a. kx +ky + kz In all the given examples, after identifying the greatest common factor, the remaining factors from
each term are expressed as a sum, and the other factor was taken. It is important that the polynomial
b. 12−6 x factor is prime, but the monomial factor is not necessarily prime. This is what we call “complete
c. 3 x 2−9 x factorization.”
For now, complete factorization is limited to expressions with integral coefficients. Deeper
d. 2 y 3−11 y 2 factorization techniques will be considered after prerequisite concepts are developed.
The factoring process done in all examples can be checked by multiplying the factors. If the original
BUILD YOUR UNDERSTANDING expression is obtained, then the factors are correct.
From the discussion in previous lesson, you obtained special products from factors that had
certain observable patterns and properties. On the other hand, factoring is decomposing the given CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
product into factors. Finding all the factors means finding all the prime factors other than the monomial
factor. In the above expressions, you factor kx +ky + kz as k ( x+ y + z ) and 12−6 x as 6(2−x) , A. Find the GCF of the following monomials. (10 points)
2 1. 3 w 3∧6 w 2
and the terms of each polynomial have a common factor. For the polynomial 3 x −9 x , after factoring
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GRADE 8 (WEEK 1) SOURCE: OUR WORLD OF MATH (VIBAL)
2. ax 4 , a2 x 6 ,∧a3 x 2
3. 50 a 4 b 4 ∧30 ab
4. 24 x 3 , 8 x 2∧4 x
5. 21 x5 ∧1 4 x 4
B. Factor completely each polynomial. (15 points)
1. 4 x+2 y
2. 6 a−3 b
3. 18 b3 −30 b2
4. 4 m+ 12n
5. 15 c 2−15 c

PAGE | 3 SUBJECT TEACHER: LUDGI G. RUIZ (CONTACT #: 09515871074)