BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

1.1 DATA-DATA PERENCANAAN KASPANT KAYU

Diketahui :

a. Panjang bangunan = 4 x 4 meter

b. Lebar bangunan = 20 meter
c. Overstek kiri – kanan = 1,5 meter
d. Plafon/Langit – langit = Asbes
e. Tinggi plafond = 4 meter
f. Tekanan angin = 60 kg/m2
g. Penutup atap = Asbes gelombang
h. Sudut kemiringan = α 200
i. Kode mutu = E25

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1.2 PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG
1.2.1 Batang Tegak
CX
Tan 20° = 0,555
1
C
0.59 70°

CX = Tan 20° . 0,555

B 20°
20° X
= 0,3639 . 0,555
0.555
i
= 0,2 m

Jarak CX = XO = 0,2 m

Maka panjang batang tegak :

Cl = CX + XO

= 0,2 + 0,2

= 0,4 m

Panjang smeua batang tegak sama, maka : BM = Cl = Dk = Ej = Fi = Gh =

Hg = If = Je = Kd = Lc = Mb = Na = OZ = PY = QX = RW = SV = TU =
S’V’= R’W’ = Q’X’ = P’Y’ = O’Z’ = N’A’ = M’b’ = L’c’ = K’d’ = J’e’
=I’f’ = H’g’ = G’h’ = F’i’ = E’j’ = D’k’= C’l’= B’m’= 0,4 m

1.2.2 Batang Tepi Atas, Tepi Bawah dan Diagonal

PX
Cos 20° = PO
Q
0,555 70°
Cos 20°= PQ
20°
P
0,555 X
PQ = cos 20° 0.555

= 0,5906 m

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 Panjang semua batang tepi atas dan tepi bawah sama, maka BC = CD = DE =
EF = FG = GH = HI = IJ = JK = KL = LM = MN = NO = OP = PQ = QR =
RS = ST = S’T’ = R’S’ = R’Q’ = Q’P’ = O’P’ = P’O’ = O’N’ = N’M’ = N’L’
= L’K’ = K’J’ = J’I’ = I’H’= H’G’= G’F’= F’E’= E’D’= D’C’= ml = lk = kj
= ji = ih = hg = gf = fe = ed = dc = cb = ba = aZ= ZY = YX = XW = XV =
VU = U’V’ =V’X’ =W’X’ = X’Y’ = Y’Z’ = Z’a’ = a’b’ = b’c’ = c’d’ = d’e’ =
e’f’ = f’g’ = g’h’ = h’i’ = i’j’ = j’k’ = k’l’= l’m =Bl = Ck = Dj = Ei = Fh = Gg
= Hf = Ie = Jd = Kc = Lb = Ma = NZ = OY = PX = QW = RV = SU= S’U’=
R’V’=Q’W’= P’X’= O’Y’= N’Z’= M’a’= L’b’= K’c’= J’d’ = I’e = H’f’=
G’g’= F’h’= E’i’= D’j’= C’k’ = B’l’ = 0,5906 m

I.2.3 Batang Tepi Bawah Overstek

Bm
Tan 20° = Am B
0,4
Tan 20° = Am 0.4

0,4 20°
A
Am = Tan 20° m

Am = 1,11 m

Panjang batang tepi bawah ovestek sama maka Am = A’m’ = 1,1 m

1.2.4 Batang Tepi Atas Overstek

AP
Cos 20° = AB B
1,11
Cos 20° = 0.4
AB
1,11 20°
AB = Cos 20° A
m
1.1
1,11
AB = 0.9396

AB = 1,181 m

Panjang batang tepi atas ovestek sama maka AB = A’B’ = 1,181 m

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 1.2.5 Hasil Perhitungan Panjang Batang

Tabel I.1 Panjang Batang Kuda-Kuda

Jenis Batang Nomor Batang Panjang (m) Jumlah Total

Tegak/Vertikal S39 = S39’ 0,4 2 0,8
S41 = S41’ 0,4 2 0,8
S43= S43’ 0,4 2 0,8
S45 = S45’ 0,4 2 0,8
S47 = S47’ 0,4 2 0,8
S49 = S49’ 0,4 2 0,8
S51 = S51’ 0,4 2 0,8
S53 = S53’ 0,4 2 0,8
S55 = S55’ 0,4 2 0,8
S57= S57’ 0,4 2 0,8
S59 = S59’ 0,4 2 0,8
S61 = S61’ 0,4 2 0,8
S63 = S63’ 0,4 2 0,8
S65= S65’ 0,4 2 0,8
S67= S67’ 0,4 2 0,8
S69 = S69’ 0,4 2 0,8
S71 = S71’ 0,4 2 0,8
S73= S73’ 0,4 2 0,8
S76 = S76’ 0,2 2 0,4
S75 0,4 1 0,4
Tepi Atas S2 = S2' 0,5906 2 1,181
S3 = S3' 0,5906 2 1,181
S4 =S4' 0,5906 2 1,181
S5 =S5' 0,5906 2 1,181
S6 = S6' 0,5906 2 1,181
S7 = S7’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S8 = S8’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S9 = S9’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S10 = S10’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S11 = S11’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S12 = S12’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S13 = S13’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S14 =S14’ 0,5906 2 1,181

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 S15 = S15’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S16 = S16’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S17 = S17’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S18 = S18’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S19 = S19’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S79 = S79’ 0,5906 2 1,181
Tepi Bawah S20 = S20’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S21 = S21’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S23= S22’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S24 = S23’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S25 = S24’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S26 = S26’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S27 = S27’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S28 = S28 0,5906 2 1,181
S29 = S29 0,5906 2 1,181
S30 = S30 0,5906 2 1,181
S31 = S31 0,5906 2 1,181
S32 = S32 0,5906 2 1,181
S33 = S33 0,5906 2 1,181
S34 = S34 0,5906 2 1,181
S35 = S35 0,5906 2 1,181
S36 = S36 0,5906 2 1,181
S37 = S37 0,5906 2 1,181
S38 = S38’ 0,55 2 1,1
S78 = S78’ 0,55 2 1,1
Diagonal S40 = S40’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S42 = S42’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S44 = S44’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S46 = S46’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S48 = S48’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S50 = S50’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S52 = S52’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S54 = S54’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S56= S56’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S58 = S58’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S60 = S60’ 0,5906 2 1,181

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 S62 = S62’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S64 = S64’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S66 = S66’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S68 = S68’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S70 = S70’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S72 = S72’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S74 = S74’ 0,5906 2 1,181
S77 = S77’ 0,5906 2 1,181
Jumlah 153 82,355

PERENCANAAN KAYU KELAS B MUTU E25

Ew → 25.000 Mpa = 25.000 x 0,63 = 157500 kg/cm2

Fb → 26 Mpa = 260 x 0,63 = 163,8 kg/cm2

Ft → 22,9 Mpa = 229 x 0,63 = 144,27 kg/cm2

Fc → 18 Mpa = 180 x 0,63 = 113,4 kg/cm2

Fv → 3,06 Mpa = 30,6 x 0,63 = 19,278 kg/cm2

Fc⊥→ 6,11 Mpa = 61,1 x 0,63 = 38,493 kg/cm2

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Tabel 1.2 Nilai Desain dan Modulus Elastisitas Lentur Acuan

Sumber : SK SNI 7973 – 2013

Tabel I.3 Nilai Ratio Tahanan

NILAI RATIO
KELAS MUTU
TAHANAN
A 0,8
B 0,63
C 0,5
Sumber : SK SNI 7973 – 2013