Finn Alexander. - Persian For Travellers

fcmîssssmimvs
H
FS\ /V
PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.
By ALEXANDER FINN, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,
H.J1. CONSUL AT RESHT,
$art h \
OW GRAMMAR.
RTJIDIIMENTS
ENGLISH-PERSIAN VOCABULARY,
LONDON:
TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.
1884. *!'
^2*~$
\_All rights reserved.'] ( •
TO
MADAME SCHOFER,
IN REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE
SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS
RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT
SERVANT,
THE COMPILER.
PREFACE.
This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin-
ners. To those who wish

for a complete grammar I can recommend
no better than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson's
still holds its own as the best extant. There are even
Dictionary
words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon,
but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holding
intercourse with the natives {i.e. slang). No learned attempt has
here been made words or always to represent the

to phoneticize the
same Persian by the same English letters; each word has been
written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be
able
VI PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight

and without
hesitation.
Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain their
mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they imagine
to be a proper accent and sound, especially when dealing with the
vowels. I entreat those who may use this book to treat the words as
though they were English. I have done my best to produce the
proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronounced

long, or broadly, I have marked it with the sign we used at school in
dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunterian
marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in producing
results as curious as unnecessary.
PREFACE. Vit
The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, as in

give and get.
As a rule h when met with must be aspirated (unless after c.
g, k, s,
t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in belt-

ter (better). When at the end of a word h has to be aspirated it has
been written double as in vazehJi (evident).
Here I beg to express thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee,

my
of the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered me
in writing in the Persian words of this
Vocabulary.
ALEXANDER FINK
INTRODUCTION,
Pebsian Grammar is There
simplicity itself. is
only one declension and
two conjugations.
Substantives have the nominative and
aocusative, the latter formed
by adding ra to the former the other cases, with the exception of the
:
genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual as be to the

particles, (to)
dative, az (from) to the ablative, &c. The genitive alone is peculiar,
and is formed either by the particle az, or, as in other Oriental languages*
by the termination of the previous word in i ; for example,
J^d. t. . Utah.
The cover of (sign of genitive) the book.
Sag* », shuma.
The dog of (sign of genitive) i.e.
you, your dog.
X PERSIAN GRAMMAR.
A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.
A'i Oh! (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) shumd

you amad came of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (sign
jild cover i
of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon

outside burd took.
ADJECTIVES
are declined in the same way as substantives. There are three degrees
of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the super-
lative add tereen ; for example,
bad badter badtereen

bad worse worst
x ii PEESIAK GEAMMAB.
There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other indans
as a rule the latter is The perfect tense is formed
perfectly regular.
directly from the root of the infinitive, in both conjugations, ex. grat.,
person singular add an

dddan '
to give,' dad being the root. For the first to
the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as the
root. In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for the
second, and and for the third, thus :—
^.ita Dddan. — Infinitive.

Singular. Plural*
1.
pata dadam, 1.
âta
dadeem
2. \jo^ dadee 2. Jjota dadeed
3. <>b dad 3. ^b dadand
Veebs. xm
^f Kardan.-*" To do."
Imperative. Past Participle.
2nd pers. sing., jTbe koon i^rkardeh
2nd pers. plur., JuiJo be kooned
PEESENT.
1
Singular . Plural.
1. *^« mi kiinam 1. ^C* mi kuneem
2.
jj^c mi kiini 2. »v*l«mi kuneed
3. jJ^* mi kunad 3. .xô mi kunand
PeEFECT.
1.
j.^ kardam 1. *}.}/' kardeem
2.
^^kardee 2. Jj^T kardeed
3. ^T kard 3. Jj^Tkardand
XIV FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
FlJTUEE.
1. »sf j»\y» kbabam kard 1. >ap *jj»lja.

kbabeem kard
2. if ^y* kbabee kard 2. if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard
3. ^Jjfclji.
kbabad kard 3. i>j J^lji.
kbaband khard
,J-- Shudan. — " To become."

2nd pers. sing., ^ besbo
besbaveed
sJw. shudeb
2nd pers. plural, Jjj^j
Peesejstt.
Singular. Plural.
L. « V
ft'i i'
;t .O mi sbavam 1. *jj^« mi sbaveem
9 '
.
mi sbavee 2. Jj^ô mi sbaveed
mi sbaveed 3. Jo*£-<a mi sbavand
VEEBS. XV
Pekfect.
1. -J-i. shudam 1. ^Jwi shudeem
2. i^Jî shudee 2. OiJ£ shudeed
3. oi shud 3. JJJ-2> shudand
Ftjtuee.
1. >X£> ** ^» khaham shud khaheem shud
kkahee shud khaheed shud
khahad shud khahand shud
o 0j> Boodan. "To be."

2nd pers. sing., Jil? bash sjjj boodeh
2nd pers. plur., J^l. basheed
XVI PERSIAN GRAMMAR,
Present.
1, bastam 1, basteem
2, hastee 2, hasteed
3, o-a bast 3. bastand
Perfect.
boodeem
1* **y boodam 1 p>ty.
2. boodee 2 boodeed.
^sy .
Joji^j
3, zy bood 3» Jisy boodaud.
Future,
1. *y iSk
^ kbabam bood
1 1. *y t*^y* kbabam bood
2. j»jj i^ ^*-
1
kbab.ee bood 2. zy JuaI^. kbabeed bood
3. ^y, kbabed bood 3. ty kbahaud bood
iy Xjklji.
XV U
VEBBS.
^.sb Dadan.—" To give."
ImperaWi*.
^ s' PatrUcvple
bedeb ».>b dadeb.

2nd pers. sing., »^>
2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.

Present
Plural.
Singular.
mi dabam 1. ^stbj-*
mi dabeem
1. **J**
j^jujo mi dabeed
,/^ m dabee 2.
2. i
3. j^j«-o mi daband.
3. JaJ-o mi dabad
Perfect.
1. ..ab dadan 1. âb dadeem
2. Joob dadeed
2. t$ib dadee
3. jjjb dadand
3. ab dud
xvm PEESIAN GEAMMAB.
FUTTJEE.
1. alo khaham dad
y*'»i. 1. jU **»)_>» khaheem dad
r^y-
2. ÎJ>
c^y-1*3. khahee dad 2. ^b J^W> khaheed dad
3. jb Jj»1 khahad dad 2. jU jjj^ji- kbaband dad
y^Jî. Khdstan. — •" To will ; to wish ; to want."

2nd pers. sing., s\j& bekhah .vzwlfti. kbasteb
2nd pers. plur., J*fcjy» bekhaheed
Pee sent.
Singular. Plural.
1. **ly** mi khaham 1 .
*t*>\y&*
mi khaheem
2. ^'â** nii khahee 2. J** 1
^" mi khaheed
3. jjklyt* mi khahad 3. J^Jkly** mi khahand
XIX
VERBS.
Perfect.
khastam 1. *=-Jj±.
kkasteeni
1.
khastee 2. Jtf-»V" khasteed
2.
3. L**'
'
Iti.
j khast 3. J^-ly- kkastand
Future.
-_t. khaham khast 1. (^Jy. khaheem khast
1. ê»lj»
2. Us. kkahee khast 2. o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast

^fclî. '
khast 3. i» khahand khast

oJî. J*lji khahand
jj^ly.
3.
Eemark
Persians give, as nearly as they
In quoting another person's words the - He said that
used. In English we say,
can, the words that he actually '
" said I am coming.
he was coming ;" in Persian they say, He
XX PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
PRONOUNS.
The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian they have
no geuder, and are as follows :
—
I, ^ Mun We, L Ma
Thou, y To You, Li Shuma
He or she, \
An, vulg., Oon. They, l«3l .AnTia, vulg., Oon/ia
Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,
In the Singular, ui, o, m, t, sh

f
In the Plural, ^li, 'J, U ma, tan, shan
In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.

XXI
KTJMEEALS.
t* fcJ3 aspi-rna, our horse

IS aspcm, my horse
JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse

£2\ aspat, thy horse
horse
his horse at£\ aspi-shdn, your
jJL\ aspash,
NUMEEALS
10. »J $a7i
1. eL yek
11. yazdah
j* do
o^jlj
2.
3. a-, seh
12. s^ doazdeh
13. sisja*
seesdeh
4 # .lâ. chehfir
jj
14. sj.'^ chehardeh
5. panj
6. shesh 15. s^jb panzdeh
16. s^b shdnsdeh
7. oft* 7ia/£
17. jjift heevdeh
8. hasht
ii noh 18. *>*£* lieejdeh
9.
xxu PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
19.
PEESIAN VOCABULARY.
VOCABULARY.
A. Abettor, Jk ydr ; e!^* moharek.
A, an, ek yek. Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a &pi j^>

{
Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan. sukna nemoodan.

Abase, v., ^sf <-«*& khafeef Jcardan. Ability, «y kooveh, ^jj zarangi.
Abash, v., C^-»L sJ^~»ji>
sharmandeh Able, d3jj zarang.
sakhtan. Ablution, J~£ ghasl.
Abbreviate, «., ^^T^s* mukhtasar Abode, ^K* makdn; j^» sukna.
{
/cardan. Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-

dan.
âta W=— istefa dadan.
*
Abdicate, v., \
Abdomen, &> shaJcam. Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.

Abet, v., &sy>j {jj^. yari nemoodan.
'
Above, ^? bald.
YOCABTJLAEY.
About, jj± dor. — (concerning), Absurdity, ^â beehoodehgee.

yj>yi^. ji
dur Jchesoos.
Abundance, ,J^J faravani.
Absolute, jlia* mutlak; Jax~n> mus-
Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.
takil.
Abuse, v., yj^ »U£.> doshnam da-
Abscond, v., crM, jJ dur r oftan, dan.
tf&kf gureekhtan. Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.
Absent, c J-i t-*il£ gha'ib shudan ;
v.,
Accelerate,
3"
— in mind, J»lc ghafil ; Je\± ^^.ji kardan.
v., ±J~ J-? ta'ajeel
perishan-i-khater. Accept, v., ytjf^jj kabool kard.an.
Abstain,!'., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan; Acceptance ^J \j> Aj pezeerdi'.

(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar- Access, cj/ fcwrb.
dan.
Accident, jlol itifak.
Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez. M
bee Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.
Absurd, jou^j bee hoodeh; ^/j***-?
ma'ani. Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.
VOCABT/LAKY.
Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;

Tcardan. (false), o-^j' tuhmat.
Accomplice, <2k^£. shareeJc. Accuse, îf oiî shilcdet Jcardan ;
Accomplish, v., ^ j»US

tamam Tcar- i>f\s.±\ ida'a Jcardan.
dan. Accuse (falsely), ^j o»# tuhmat
le haza. zadan.
Accordingly, IJ*!
Accuser, ^= £ ]
shalci muda'i
According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc ; ^^_^ w
(J ; ^ji>

dard Jcardan.
Account, yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan.
v., Acid, <J>j tursh.
Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan. Acknowledge, v., o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jcar-
dan.
Accuracy, i^*-" sihhat.
Acorn, baloot.
Accurate, ->*"" sahheeJih. kjij
4 VOCABULAKY.
Acquaint, v.,
tan ; a iUS
Û U^l
!W»1 -it-iZa
ashnd
dadan.
salch Adhere, v., ^J* chaspeedan ;
t ^ysjf jlai' ta'aluk giriftan.

Acquaintance, U-l ashnd. Adhesive, e)U-~~*. chaspndk.
Acquire, v., ^jl »-iyaa fee tesaroof
Admire, v., ^^x^jpasand kardan.
awardan ; ^t* ydftan.
Acquit, v., yj^j t-iW ma' af kardan; Admit, v., o^J* 5 kabool kardan;
(to a
room), ^f Ji-b ddkhel
2zjT ue>'h» khelass kardan.
{
kardan.
Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.
Admonish, v., ^ta otf^' naseehat
Across, ^--^jl az sar be sar.
dadan.
Act, v.,
moodan.
^f kardan ; ^^J %e-
Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.
Action, âs fi-el. Adopt, v., ^^j jUil ikhtidr ne-
Actual, hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh. moodan.
J*??*-
Add (arithmetic), v., ^j/a^. jam' Adoration, o^Lc ibddet ; J^~^ P *
kardan; (increase), O ^js\afzoodan. ris£es7i.

YOCABTJLAET.
Adversary, &+Z* do simian ; <-kj*

Adore, ^^^ji peresteedan.
v.,
vandal.
Adorn, v., &»\j\ arastan; ^[^jpee- hareef ; j^^
rastan. Adversity, \ held; j^^ lad bakhti.
malhloot
Adulterate, v., *f tjli Advertise, v., a afj^> viuntesher
kardan. kardan; a &\a /-^ intishfir da-
Adultery, lij
zena. dan.
Advance (money), v., âta J~ri peesh
Advice, \s^f naseehat.
dfidan ; (proceed), ^j J~j peesh
Advise, v., d* o&* naseehat da-
raftan. dan.
ka-
Advance-guard, J 5 l/» J~i peesh amr.
Affair, j Vkfir; j*\
raool ; (advanced camp), a*-* Jî
Affidavit, hasam.
peesh Tcheimeh ; (advanced in ^S
sal Tchoordeh. Affirm, aifj)f\ Mr fir Jcardan.
years), ti>j^^>
Affirmation, j\j\ ikrar.
Advantage, »J^ fai-edeh.
VOCABTTLAEY.
Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal), Age,j+* umr.

^.i^gj
nemooden. Agent Jij vakeel.
Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor
kardan ; Agile, jjfirx ; &j) zarang.
e)U^ ghumnak boodan.
sy.
dowlet mundee..
Agility, &J firzee ; J^jj zarangi.
Affluence, ^J^j^ Aggrandize, v., ±f ^jj->. btizurg
Affluent, J^^j* dowlet onund. kardan.
Affront, v., ^f
*s~j# bee hormat
Agree, v., c ^> ^f>\ rdzi shudan.
kardan.
Afraid (to be), a *~>j tarseedan.
Agreement, j\j kardr.
zaru'at.
Agriculture, u~p1j
After, ±*> la'
Afternoon, j^- asr.

ad; u^fus.
Ague (and fever), j)3
tab va larz. ^
Ah ! si ah; »\j
vali ; J\j vdi.
Afterwards, v. See After.
Ahead, J~i peesh.
Again, jl> bdz ; ^^ do bdrah. &Skomek «>J- medad.
Against, <-i^« khelaf ;
mukabil.
^> zid ;
1
J* *-
Aid,
Ail, 1'., o*# ^ ^ ;
^ ee boodan.
VOCABULARY.
Allegiance, o*U»l
itd-at
&y*U mdhsood ifj\*j$*j
;
Aim (object),
; (tar-
-ullj nishdneh. ferman berdari.
&*ff kam
get), hardan.
Alleviate, v.,
Icaraool giriftan.
Aim, v., &*/ JjI/ Alliance, J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak.
haw a.
Air, lj*
Allow, v., ^\^guzdshtan ; ^b &**
Alarm, i^-t* * Mrs >'
p**
êem; uiji izn dddan.
fe/iof.
Alloy, j \? iydr.
Alas. See Ah.
Alloy, v., o*£M *V« r fccwôm.
Alcove, iÂ5 «^» s ^"^ nesheen. Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb
dadan.
Alert, jl-A* ho shy dr. Ally, £& ra/eefc; ,U a/ar ; cv-jJ
Alien, aJ^j beegdneh. doost.

tahveem.
Alight, v., e)J^ *>»W piddeh shudan, Almanack, *jj&j
J\>& khodd
Alike, ^
** hameh.
barabar ; Ji* raisl. Almighty
ta'ald.
(the), JU
All,
8 V0CABT7LAKY.
Almond, JÎj bddam. Although, ** f\ igur cheh.

Almost, eloji nazdeek ; >-*>.J^
an Altitude, t^xL boolandi; clai'jl irtifa\
kareeb. Altogether, **U bahum ; U^**. ja-
Alms, <wJw> sadakeh. mee'dn.
sabr. Alum, zak.
Aloe,^ Jl'j
Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc. Always, *£-* hameesheli.

Along, ^jljJo be derdzee.
Am (I), *x~a hastam.
J^ ba'eed. Amanuensis, *_J :
lf katib.
Aloof,
Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ; Amass, v., sjf *j? jam' kardan.
(as a question), tjsj)
zoodee.
be een ^ Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcardan.
Amazement, <—*s? ajab; hayrat; o^
hum yj neez ; \J»\ a'izan. t—.s50 ta'ajub.
Also, ** ;
'
Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liar dan. Ambassador, J* eelchi.

,
Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh. Amber, \^

kahruba.
VOCABULARY.
Ambition, yj>j» Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar Ample, \î^kejdiet ; ^kafi.

buland. Amputate, v., ^^ji buridan.
Ambitious, Ji5jJb buland nazar. Anathema, eâJ la'anat.
o
Amble, &/_ yurgheh. Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.
Amble, v., ^j &ji yurgheh raftan.
Anchor, f£ langar.
Ambuscade, v^Skameen.
Ancient, **J£ kadeem ; i^kohneh.
Amend, v., ^jô--,^ drust kardan; And, j xa, o.
cJ
iJT ^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.
Anecdote, a-oS kisseh.
Amendment, **?*** tas'hheehh.
Anew, y)\ azno.
Amiable, iy^j^ ndzeneen.
Angel, *£>j ferishteh ;
ell* malak.
Amity, j^j* doostee ; <J^*« mehri-
bdnee. Anger, ^3 kahr.
Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil. Angle, jS'kung i^^goosheh.

;
Amount, *i*o mublagh. Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.

10 YOCABULAET.
Ant, ^jy murcheh.

AnguJsh,jlj1 azdr. mo-
o^ haiwdn. Antagonist, u%» hareef; J>'*«
Animal, jjSW jawwer s
dosh- kabil.
Animosity, i^Tceeneh; j+£±
mdni; ojIj^ adawat.[]chan i zoreki Antelope, 1p* jay ran.
ustu- ^y^ ]
Anterior, Jpeesheen.
c^ c^r-s-i
Ankle, srTwtssefc; J, 5j
Annals, &,\y tawdreekh. Antimony, ^ surmeh.

tashveesh.
Annex, v., ^jH payvastan. Anxiety, J^.^
Annihilate,
dan.
v., o*f ^ tamdn Tear- Any,
Apart,
,*» lieech.
\J«. jwd# ; \y»
seevd.
manzel.
Announce, &&\*j& Wwhr dadan. Apartment, ^y->
mos'hil.
charl kardan ' Aperient, J4-*
Anoint, «., ^f^Jrs «zr TcMstan.
Apologize, v., tr-ly- jj*
Another, f.s Jk yeki deeger.
Answer, Apology, j <& uzr.
vlja. jaivab.
*£~> sakMeh.
Answer, v., &a\a v\j> jawal dadan. Apoplexy,
VOCABTTLAEY. 11
Islt
Apostle, Jj~^ resool. Apply (to put together), v., a tyj
Apothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-a
dawfi- alka nemoodan; (to ask), ^^-^
sfiz.
Tchdstdn c^/Jlf- soofil Tear dan.
;
Apparatus, uLI ash fib ; i=>511 alat.

Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor
Tcardan.
Apparel, db_# poshfiTc. Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-et.

Apparent, >lt zfiher ;
^vfizehh. Apportion, v., d j/ow Tcismet kar-
Appear, v., ^
o^.Uj nimayfin
dan; ^J^ta^ nemoodfir
shu-
shudan.
dan.
Appraise, v., ^/c^" Tcaimat Tcar-
U5 nema dan.
Appearence, y»Ui sa7ier;
.
Apprehend (to sieze), v., jaf girif-

jj£, zehoor.
Appertain, v., ^ ^ tfibeh shudan. tan; (to fear), ±*~>J turseedan;
^\z vfihemeh dasMan.

Appetite, l^l ishtiha.
&+s>\j
Apprehension, v*J turs; a+*\j vfihe-

Applaud, v., ^^.}\ afereen guftan.
<-~-» seeb.
meh.
Apple,
12 VOCABULARY.
Apprentice, ^/li shagird. Architect, o-J^ mohandaz.

-
Approach, v., v&izj nazdeek. Archives,^! Is ^ deftiter.

Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^* Ardour, o^c gheirat.
sawdbdeed. Are, (v., Introduction).
Approve, ^^jJj—j pasandeedan ;
v., Area, Îj^ may dan.
*p Jw-j pasand kardan. Argue, 'u., *f ^sS guft o goo kar-
Apricot, jlbj zard aloo. dan ; yîb J^+zS' keshmdkish

ddshtan.
Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik ; t_—»L«
Arid, elli. khuskh, j>_[i bdyer.
Aquatic, <^1
abee. Aries, J*a. hernial.
Arbiter, cJU sd-liss.
Aristocracy, ^y> buzurgdn.
Arbitrary, ,JU;
zdlim. Arithmetic, l-jL-s. hisdb.
Arch, jll» £a& ; ul^ mihrdb. Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.
Archer, j ljiJ-» sadaltddr. Arm, jjl bazoo.
VOCABULARY. 13
Arm, v., j^x-j as^' asleheh bastan; Arrest, v., j&f giHftan; ±f
bastan. habs Tcardan.
ly^jSkamar
Armoury, aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh. Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool
Armour, j\j. yea rah. &±~>j rasidan a JLmI -sjJ

\
Arrive, v., ;
Armpit, J*j baghal. vdrid shudan.
Arms, asM aslaha, t^j* o^l alat i Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.

harbieh; elba.
oj.il adawati jang. Arrogant,jjî* maghroor.
Army, J& leshkar^jC^- asTcar.
Arrogate, v., ^J
U^l ida a Tcardan.
dor.
Around, tjîjfgerdagerd; j^ Arrow, j£ teer.
Hi
Arouse, v., ^^TÎjuj beedar Tcardan. Arsenal, *3 1* x&jubbeh Tchaneh.
Arrange, v., ^^0-,^ drust Tcardan;
Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.
^ta J*3 nazm dddan.
Arrangement, o~j j ^ band bast. Art, ^ /an ,• (jpl. yi /anoon-).
Arrear, JU bafct; a*3 tetumeh. Artery, \^> sher'yan ; is), rag.

14 VOCABULAKY.
hI
Articulate, v., oif^ talafuz kar- Ashamed, »Jû/. sharmandeh.

dan. Ashes, i~^»ls. klictkistei:
Artifice, aL* Jieeleh. Aside, jbTjJ der kendr ; <J>}> j* bar
masnoo-ee.
Artificial, ^y** taraf.
Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh. Ask, i?., cj J^-î purseedan ; &*/$}*

Artless, <-jj3j*j bee vekoof ;
i*\~> soodl kardan.
Seidell.
Asleep, sJ^jî. kliabeedeh.
As, ay* clioon. war choobeh.
Asparagus, ajjÛ
Ascend, v., ^J^l 91} bdld-dmadan ;
Ass, j* khar ; s$\ olak.
^jbol^j ber
dmadan.
tahkeek kar- Assassin, <jy* khoonee ; Jjls fcatil.
Ascertain, v., &sf&**
Assassinate, jd^kusJitan.
dan ; ^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan. Assassination, Jx§
v., l
featl.
Ascribe, v., .o^ta c>»—i nisbat dadan.
zeban, gunjishk. Assault (military), <u** hamleh ;
Ash (tree), eLt^V»j
VOCABULAEY. 15
c
Assembly, o*Ua. jemd'at ; <j*hs
J.j^yoorish; pp
hejoom ; (high-
way) o-ij'^ vah zadan. majlis.
Assault,!?., a &) zadan; (military),

iU* Assent, J/M pezerd-ee J^ kabool.
;
burdan Assert, &sf j\j\ ikrar kardan;

a aj> hamleh ; &*jj\ fj** v.,
kardan.
hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*], y&fi-aijsj ta'areef
zf rah zani kardan ; (night), Assertion, j \j>\ ikrar.

kardan. mukay-id.
^fjSju shalgeer Assiduous, J.*s*
Assay (metal), jU iyar. Assign, v., ^^fv^ ta-yeen kardan.
Assemblage, u-V majlis ; o***?» Assist, Û eUS" komek dadan ; aa*
jam'eeat. îb mojdad dadan.

Assemble, v., *J\ f)f feraham
kardan ;
Assistance,
ix» madad.
<&£' komek; ^ ydri;
dverdan ; *f <**=> iom'
nemoodan. Assistant, jî yar ; ;U-J dustyar.

d ^*5 Jgyrf tah-seel
16
YOCABULAET.
W^
humrah ; c>-Û» Astrologer, munajim.
Associate, *)/**
Asunder,
humdust; &j rafeek; e^ sliereek. jwda.
staUj pendligah.
&f J>V» hamrahee Asylum,
Associate,
Icardan;
v.,
^^
Assurance (certainty),
^ shereek shudan.
&k yakeen ;
At, ^ wuza' u^ pees/i.
Atheist, uâ
,•
duhri.
oJUUmowat; *\s&\ itakadj Athirst, aî' tishneh.

(trust),
bee sliurmee. hdwa.
(impudence), ^j^ Atmosphere, !j»
Assure, v., &*}&& V dkeen kardan; Attach, v., ji~,j-ipayvastan.
kliaterjcim' kardan. Attach, A+=» hamleh ; J^ji yoorish ;
vzffi**-}^ 6
ass
Asthma, u-» ** t an gi' e nef hijoom.
-
f^sf
Astonish, d-*/ e>W

».,
*«*«**» fecw- Attain, v., ^l* yaftan.
ckm ; (to be astonished), o-'/W 1
Attempt, v., ^^\ ikdam kardan;
taajub kardan. ^ \g~>

sa-ee kardan.
Attend (to be present), v., &*y. S"
Astonishment, c-^' taajub.
VOCABTJLAET. 17
Mzer hoodan ; (to pay attention), Auction, ^\jt hardj.

mo-azib loodan. Aunt <wc ummeh; (ma-
ij> v-Jj)j-
(paternal),
Attendance, ux>^ khidmeb. ternal), ilU. klialeli.

fc/ad- i=*aa eU neefc 6ttfcM.
Attendant,^ noker ; j£-Ai Auspicious,
metgar. Authentic, sahheehh.
_^°
Attention, a^y tavajuh ; o-Wj* we- Authority, o,j5 kudrtit.
Autograph, Wj£->.> dust fcTmi.
i>a;zet>w£.
bjÛ o.sl«£
shehadet da- kliassees-
Attest, v.,
Avarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~i-
dan.
sat.
Attire, v., ^ji pooslxeedan. Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.
Attitude, £-»j uuz'e.
Avert, v., c)
,>
./'£f'
3 â/'e kardan ;
Attorney, Jij vakeel.

jj\sf gardaneedan.
Attract, ±~sfkeslieedan.
v.,
nisbut da-
Avoid, v., ^J'^^ ijtenab kardan.
Attribute, v., & *\* i=*«~i
kardan.
Avow, v., oifj\fi\ ikrdr
dan.
1% VOCABTJLAEY.
B.
Await, v., a ±Z>Jaz^ muntezir shudan.
Tcardan. Babe, as: bachali ; J^ ti/L
Awake, v., &sfj\<**> beeddr
Baboon, ^^^ maymoon.
Awake, jW* beeddr.
Bachelor, sjj* azctb.
Away (absent),
turss
Lj-jIs gliaib.
Back, o^ T pwsW ;
bdz
^ zahr ; (back
do-bdreh ;
Awe, \j»j ; <-»>» hhof. again), "jU ; *j\>j&
Awhile, <JJ« mudetti; lJUj zamdni. u-j puss.

s& tdkht i nurd.
Awl, u^ darafsh. Backgammon,
Bad, Jo bacL
&j
Awry, J"fcej ; us—ljli

ua ?'asi; j1j»»li
Badge, nishdn ; ex.'&e. aldmat.
&^
na hamvdr.
Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's nose-bag),
tabar eUT £o-
Axe, j~> ; (pickaxe),
yy tubreh; (sack), Jlj* jaual;
lan-ci. (saddle-bags), ^j* hhoorjeen ;
chanta.
Azure, samavi ; l|I
aM. (carpet bag) a^-
,j;j*-
VOCABULARY. 19
Baggage, & honeli ; yL! asbdb. Band (party), jo-^ dusteli.

Bail, ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat. Bandage, J^ bund.
Bailiff, Jij vakeel ; J-o** moliussil. Bandit, ^jt\j rdh zan ; ^ duzd.
Bake (in oven), cîi jyS j* der tanoor Banish, v., cJ .^r_lj»l ikhrdj kardan.
•pookhtan ; e^ jpookhtan. Bank (of river), jSkendr ; t-J lub.
Baker, l_yU ndnvd.
Bankrupt, y-la* mufliss ; az~&j ver-
Balance (scales), jj\j> tardzoo ; (of
shekesteh.
an account) J>[) bake; a*i> tetum-
Banner, J& alam ; J^j bayduk.
meh.
Banquet, oiL» zidfat ; <iW> meh~
Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel.
mdnee.
Bale, az—j basteh.
Ball (playing), toop ; (musket) Bar, J*« meel ; (of a river), Jw» sudd;
i_>jj
Aft' galooleli ; (globe), sjS^kureh,

Barb (of an arrow), jU. khdr.
Bamboo, &\;j± kliayzerdn.
VOCABULARY.
20
o>>/^ U modvezeh
Barbarian,
reek.
^ ajnahi ; Vi> 9^' Barter, «.,
dan; ^/^moladelehkardan.
^
Tear-
fcato0r; (of a
Barber, A dalldh ; jU-
^
salwawi. Base, JJJ zaleeZ;
building), aVft honydd.
Bare, ^jV herehneh;
kerdr ;
as* ata.
arydn.
Bashful, »J^> sharmandeh.
ree/iaw.
Bargain,
c _rie71 ^ s,odon '
Basil (berb), d W,
Bargain, v, d ^3 -»W A.J fkdseli.
Basin, ^1
Zegraw;
Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost. *is feu#0%j &j)
Basket, J-- sabad;
Barley, 3* >. zanbeel-
serlazhhaneh.
Barracks, »W)V
BarreKofagun),^
looleh ; (cask),
Bastard, ^ f 1>
hardm zddeh.
Bastion, ^/. burj.
Sr-4 P eeP-
Barren (land), ^ bfiyar.-j
,
(season),
x
Bat (animal), ^ u^ s7mb pereh.
Bath, r
U» hammdm.
iClo. Tchuski.
Jimvmdmi.
JL, sudd ; ^ bund. Bathman, ^W*
Barricade,
VOCABTJLAEY. 21
Ml
Bathe, ^j *La. hammam raftan. Bear (suffer), v., (0^) j^sAb J*as ta-
Battle, t&j*jang ; 1^-i dd-wd. hamuldashtan,orkardan; (carry),
na'areh zadan. burdan.
Bawl, ^j tjxi yj^j
Bay (sea), g±* Tchaleej ; (colour), j^ Beard, ^j reesh.
kahar. Bearer, J*U. hdmil.
Bayonet, »js^-*
sar nayzeh. Beast, jylja* hayvdn ; jy\* janivar.
Beat, £•>; zadan; (conquer), ^Jte
Be, »., £&y boodan ; c ^~* hastan. 1?.,
Hi
^sXi glxdlib shudan.
Beach, sjbTfcenare/i; JoZshutt; Ja.U
sa7ieZ. Beautiful, o,^-> yiî fcTios/i, soorat ;
jija. fc/ios7i
roo ; <sLi» kashang.
Bead, ddneh; i&o molvreh.
jjla jj
Beau, s.,
ebis kasliang.
Beak,jlou murikdr ; «& n>«fc. fe/jor.
Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer
Beani,â> teer.
Because, il/j zeera fceh; d_j» choon.
Bean, îU bdkld.
Beckon, v., &fsJJS>\ islidreh kardan.
a
Bear, y*^. khirss.
*
VOCABUIiAET
22
Tcardan.
Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-ee
Become, v., a ±* shudan. Beggar, \SSTgeda.
Bed, B^y. Miabgah. ** M™'* ardan -
rakht * kMh
Begin, v., c^/er
Bedding, 5
M^ ^ -
Beginning, \<&\
ibtidd ; Jj\ avaZ.
Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk M>0 5fc '
vaseteh.
Bedfellow, v^r* ham
Wldl -
v^molafeh.
B Behalf, AJj
Behave (respectfully), v., M
0^ ^
sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd; adab beja aivardan; (carelessly),
*<*»boor-
Bee,^j zanboor; J-^J gM/ZZ sTwdan.
^JA J»l*
i-asal.
Behaviour, oi> harakat ; (good),
Beer, 3*
Beetroot,
^ 06 ijo.
j J^ cheghondar.
î\ aclab.
Behind, u-j pus; ^ ahab ; c^
pusht.
o*> «™ z sMdan UW
-
Befal, J£
i'., tf
Behold, ^/xK negdhhardan;
Before, jM P eesJl » J** peeahter ;
lardan.
j ^ftamasba
aval.
Jjl
VOCABULAET. 23
'
Belch, v., i$j\ arogh (vulg. or oh) Bend, v., sf j» khum Tcardan.
Jcardan. Beneath, jij zeer ; oj£ taht.
Belief, .ilL^l itikdd ; ÛjI ayman. Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.
Believe, v., $f } )\>
haver kardan ; neekoo kardan
Benefit, v., tJ~jSZj
iib .ilLxsl itikad dashtan.
£*fjt±. khair kardan.
cJ
Bell, ebj zang. khair kliahee.

Benevolence, ^y- j**
Belly, J3. shulcum.
, Benevolent, slji^ khair khdh.
Belong, v., <xi,
jjlsx* muta alah shu-
Bent (past of to bend), S'kej ; J-
dan.
khum.
Beloved, jijc azsez.
zeer. Bequeath, v., d ^c>s-»j veseeyet kar-
Below, jij
dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan.
Belt, ^jSkummerband.
Bemoan, y±jy» i^-^~il afsooss khur- Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.
dan. Beseech, ^^TÛxJl iltimass kardan ;
24 YOCABTTLABY.
istida'a kardan Bet, shart

j jo nuzr.
^ÎcjiJ ; ^J>j^ \>jti ;
liar dan. Bet, v., ^~shart bastan

j
j J5
^sfarz \>jt>
ir ;
j;^— nuzr bastan.

>
Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan.
Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _â Betray, v., ^^5 oj^ khidnat ne-
moodan.
pahloo.
Betroth, v., d ^T^l3 namzad kardan.
Besides, iy^s- eldveh.
Better,^? behter.
Besiege, ^^j^W mohassereh kar-
Between, ^L* midn ; ca-> bayn.
dan.
Beverage, u-jji shurbut.
Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.
Bevy, xjj" grooh.
Best, behtereen,.
tf.jH*
Bewail, v., ^^j^- —
(_^-j
»1
afsooss khur-
Bestir, îfy^Sj^. harakat kardan. dan.
Bestow, S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi khabrddr
Beware, v., ôi. j\*j?*
bakhshesh kardan ; ^Jâ, bakh-
shudan; ^^ dgah boodan ; tV]
slieedan. ^ ji aik* mutili' shudan.
VOCABULARY. 25
Beyond, i_iâ>i an taraf; c^ ^1 an Bird, c^* murgh.

samt. Birtb, J^« mowlood; jJy tavalud.
Bible, w>&» i->\£* kitab-i-molcaddas. — day, t^fe&f?- eed i mowlood.
Old Test. &\jy tor at. New Test. Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekkeh;
J-s^ anjeel. (snaffle), \jjy£.\ ab khoory ; (curb),
Bid (order), Û ^jUy/ermaw dddan. is** dahaneh ; (curb chain), j^j
Bier, o»jIj taboot. zanjeer.
Big, buzurg. Bitch, eL* ».ilo mddeh sag.

djjj
Bigot, Lg^wgj mttta-assib. Bite, i\, ^_f gazeedan ; ^f gtjfa
Bile, !/*» sufra.

denddn giriftan.
Bill (money), s!^ her at; (of a bird), Bitter, Jj talkh.
talkhi.
Bitterness, j^
*t-»
Bind, v., j^—j bastan. Black, siydh.
Biped, ii'^j^ dojpdyah. Blackbird^ L sdr.
VOCABtTLAET.
26
o^? larakat.
Blessing,
Blacken, v., &/*+siyah lardan. ** par-
Blind, ,/fcoor ; (window),
hardmzadeli.
Blackguard, .dj-lj- dah.
Blacksmith, £»\ ahenger. Urdan.
Blame, je*3 takseer ;
^ ^ eta '>
Blind, v., v*fjfkoor
sbT gunah.
Blameless, >U tf
*<* ^ seer ' zadan.
Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.
Bland, pi*. mol«i/em.
Blister, A>\ abileh.
Blanket, &petoh.
Blaze, ^ shuuleh ; $* 0X0.
sefeed lcardan -
Block, sj3 teereh.
Blockhead, j—1 alimdk.
Bleach, v., &f*>* Blood, y» fcTioon.
Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan; Bloodshed, J^ kail ; &jy> ^ oon '
zadan.
tj d, rag
reezy.
Blemish, y-~? anjb*
Ble8B,i;.,o^^ w" barttidadaW Bloody, ^> Tihoonee.
VOCABTTLABY. 27
Boast, <-i^ laf fc7iw<2

Bloom, ihj&> shekoofeh. ; ,jZ>jj» •>>»
Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul. /roos7iee.

Blot (stain), ad) lekeh. Boast, v., ^^j <-i^l laf zadan.
Blow, ^y> zarb. Boat, ?^ kerejee ; j~£ keshti ;

Li
£) lotka.
Blow, v., o^jjj varzeedan.
Blue, ^jf alee ; ijfkebood; (dark), Boatman, ^ j*S kerejee ban.
Ju> neeli ; (light), &*)}j<? feeroo- Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.

zeh-ee. Body, *> badan; J> tan ; (dead),
Blunder, 'J** kheta ; laic

ghalat. jl^l AasTi.
Blunt, J^ kund. Bog, ivh&p murdab.

Blush, v., ^J^ 3f>j-*
surkhroo shu- Boil, v., oif ji ^ abpuz-kardan ;
dan. ^jujjâ. joosheeddn ; ^^ \J>j*-
Boar, e)ji fcTioofc ;

^» khanzeer. joosh dadan.
Bold,^^ dileer jj~*> jassoor.
Board, aî takhteh. ;
28 VOCABTJLAET.
&> mutaka soi* inulih- sooraTch kardan.

Bolster, ; Bore, r., i^f ^jy
adeh. Born, &£y> moivlood.
w
Bond (for debt), cL~»J tamasulc ; Borrow, v., ^^ \j>J karz giriftan.
bund Bosom, a~-. seeneh.
(ligament), J^ ; J^J A:a?/d.
Both, j^/» liar do.

Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri ; \jJ*>J^girif-
tari. Bottle, Aîi sheesheh
eXo tung.
; ^^ butree ;
Bone, ^>£~^ ustikhan.

Book, ^JtTketab; —
keeper, u«ls* Bottom, j>_j zeer ; c^ taht.
mohdssib ; ; b jiz daftar dar ; Bough, ^M> sliakh.
—binder, uJU-» sahc/f; — seller, Bought, sJoî- khareedeh.
^jj L_>l6 Icetab feroosh. Boundary, da. hud ; J^-j sarhud.
Boot, *£*. chekmeh. Bound (gratified), ^y** mamnoon ;
Booty, o,lc glutrat. (obliged), jy^s* majboor ; (tied),
Border, tJ^S'kenuveh; ^b daman. busteh.
VOCABUIAEY. 29
Bounteous, Jil> bdzil. Boyhood, ,j\y>- jdwdni.

Bracelet, Sjj y \> bazoo band.
Ja? bazl.
}
Bounty,
Bow }C) Uf feem«n; u-j5 ôs;
—maker, Brackish, jy> shoor.
yTiUT Icemanger ; saddle

— J^
, Brag, v., ^j — « s"^
Idf zadan.
Tcaltdlc. Braid, v. ^l* bdftan.
Bow ta'azeem. Braid, s.,j\y navdr.

(reverence), ^ku
roodeh. Brain, sU^ demdgh.
Bowels, s&jj
Bowl, ,.1?. jam; ^Xltdseh. Bramble, j l» fc7i«r.
Box, jjJ^-» sandook ; (small),

i*£3* Bran, i^r- sa booss.
ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree),

.i Branch, ~\2> shdhh.
sliemshdd' ; (theatre), U^VL tak Brand, &U d##7i,
t ., a"3
1
^ a ^1 Cardan.
nemd; (on the ear), ,J~>
seelee. Brand, /"^ m iss
'
«^-£m> musht zadan. Brasier (brass- worker), ^C~

Box, «., &*)
ger.
Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.
YOCABULAEY.
30
Breast, a~-> seeneh.
Brass, Jj> Urenj.
Brave, Z>\^ hajura*
Bravery, x>\j> jura'
at ;
at;
^
o*W*
shuja.
shu-
Breath, u-w
Breathe, v.,
Tie/ass.
oû-" nefasskesliee-
dan.
ja'at. ( noseew.
Breeze, -s-J
&j\ afereen.
Bravo
Bray
!
(exclamation)
(of a donkey), &ff f a™ r Brethren, c^jj braderdn.
ikhtissdr.
Brevity, j\*&-\
Tcardan.
«-»Ki shekaf. Briar, Û. &&«*••
Breach (opening), JJ^j fcarteeZ.
Bribe, *j£, risTireTt ;
Bread, U rwm (vulg. pr. noon). WsfouaTi d^dan.

Bribe, *., o^b yA,
Breadth, W* patina.
—faith, Brick (unburnt),
o^ khisU ;
Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; *jf

,J «jw; (tile),
-j& â s7iari sliekastan; —one's
(baked),
word, ^ Jy fcol sliekastan.

Breakfast, j W weMr.
kooreh ; -maker, JU o^ &&*&*'
YOCABTTLAEY. 31
&L\* Brim, t-J lub.

Bride, u-j^ arooss ; —groom,
ddmdd. Brimful, j+J IvJbreez.
Bridge, s., Jj pul. Brimstone, sffgoogird.
Bridle, s., <u*»> dehaneh. Brine, }y^\ ab-shoor.

kardan. awardan, or averdan.
Bridle, v., ^.sâjjo dehaneh Bring, v., &*j}\
Brief, s\ijTkootah; j-*&

mukhtasser. Brink, lJ lub ; } \^kendr.
o
Briefly, \j<£& mukhtussirdn ; fcaSJI Brisk, Jl?. juld; JoUj o-^ c?w$£
chabook.
il kisseh ; -»WU b'iljumleh.
Briskness, ^^L. juldee.
Bright, adj., ^jj roshan. ndzuk.
Brighten, v., Û ^jj roshan
Brittle, djU
Broad, ^ pV» ; u*^ areez.
sakhtan.
Brocade, LgJj^^ 3 kolabdoozee.
Brightness, fj^jj roshnaee.
Broken, a=~Jw> shekesteh.
Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl Ml
dbddr. Broker, J"^ deZ«I.

—
YOCABTFLARY.
32
Brute, tfV- /iayv«w.
Brook, > nalvr. Bubhle, i->^» 7iw6«b.
Broom, uÛ J" roob -
dulu.
Broth,
Brother,
^^ shorU.
brod-r (adopted),
Bucket,^
Buckle, el>*- sei/e7c.
/
^«der kh'andeh. Bud, **V ghunchehi »f* shetoofeh.
«ji\y.j^
«werdefc, or aiourdeTi Buffalo, j^^gclvmeesh.
Brought, rtj
s ^ ss *
«^ fc^â^T/rf Bug, u- -"
1
Brown,
gandoom goon J^ ^ kee ^
;
>
Bugle, j_îs7iaypoor.
a horse), > fcaTiar.
Build, v., cv»A
beu ^ fcar(2au; J^
Browse, «., .^ chereedan. c)
j.
j
rbenn^-ee-fcai"dau.
Bruise, vjj* zurl.
r- Builder, *U> ben-na.
Brush s., J*j br«s7i; (hair), u-^
whX£i (clothes),
e)^
^ Building, Jl*
balm** J c>A*
toons (wood), imdrat.
jmahootpak
he&meh.
VOCABULARY. 33
Bulb, jL$ peedz. Bush, ai} buteh.
Bull, i^J nur gdv. Business, Jfkdr ; Jii. shugh'l.

Bullet, A^f gelooleh. Bustard, tjyt. hooberreh.
Bullrush, kjj> burydh. Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.
&2>y» khoosheh ;
a=-».j dusteh.
Bunch, Busy, s., Jîi* mushghool.
5
Bundle, ax— busteh ; as bukcheh.
j ?
Busy, v., 2>jf ^yJL* mushghool kar-
Burden, s.,j\i bar. dan.
Burden,!'., o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan. But, jQ laykin ; U! am-ma.
Burial, ij^c*. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen. i_>L>9 kassub.
Butcher,
Burn, v., j&-j~>
i
sookhtan.
Burnish, v., ^ta ^ jeld dddan.
Butler, ^kl3 ndzir.
Butt (mark), ailii nishdneh ; (of a
Burst,!., ^sfj tarakeedan ; ^\£L
gun), (jlj-3 konddk.
shekdftan.
Bury, v., duf'n kardan
^sf ^z ; Butter, sj^kcreh.
^^TdU. khdk kardan. Butterfly, *>\jjj parvdneh.
34 VOCABTTLAEY.
Button, dJ^j pulek ; a*Sj dukmeh. Cake, J^ komdj ; ^.jtf J^> ndn i
Buy, v., &^.J» hilar eedan ; ±f e\^\ shireen.

ibtid kardan. Calamity, toil dfat; "&> beld.
Buyer, j^.j* kJvareeddr ; \jj£~* Calculate, v., cJ ^/'vr

)L«a. hissdb kar-
mushtery. dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.

By, jl aa; k bd. Caldron, u&a deeg.
Calendar, mju takveem.
C.
Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.
Cabbage Jfkalam. Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*. khosh nevees-
Cabin, jlkl otdk. see.
Cabinet, *$!$)* doldbcheh. Call, v., O i>j-S~\x~o sedd kardan;

talabeedan ; (out) ^b
Cage, vJS kafass. jjjjJJ* i>j
Cajole, v., ±f\Jo y ]

navdzesh kar- dad zadan; (to account) oi^Ji*
dan. mas'ool kardan.
TOCABULAET. 35
Call, s.,
\ J-» sedd ; iJJ nedd ; ^b dad ; Cancel, v., ^f Jkl? baieZ Tcardan.
eUU bong. Cancer, Ûj^ surtan.

Calm, s., Ai ardm; o^L sdkat; Candid, cJU sdf; JjJw» sadeeh; \J>J^.
moldyem. bee gharaz.

^^L.
Calm, v., u^ fV or«m kardan; Candle, ££ shani'e.
ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan. Candy (sugar), oUi nabdt.
Calumniate, v., ^.jj o^j tuhmat Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney shelcer;
L»* asd; choob ;
zadan; ^y&'si bad guften. (walking), ±>f$
Camel, î- shutur.

— driver, q^jA ^»,.1«j
taaleemi.
shut-urban. Cannibal, j ly. *^1 «da?ra khor.
Camp, j£j\ urdoo. Cannon, ujy toop.
Camphor, }y>V kdfoor. Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi.

Cannot (it cannot be), *jt~^ neh mi
Can, **y* doolcheh.
s.,
Canal, »\j>'\ dbrdh; J Us handl. shavad; o—s* jyC* murrikin neest;

36 VOCABULAET.
(I cannot do), J& f\y+& neh mitd- Captivate,?;., o^siJ^J* dilroha'i kar-
ivdnam bekunam. dan.
>
Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.
Captive, j~»\ aseer; u*^s* maliboos ;
Cap, t^lcola. (to take) ^fjÂ aseer giriftan.

Capable, J>U kabil. Captivity, J-9 kayd; ^J^sjTgiriftaree.
Capacious, *~~j vasee'. Caravan, \^kdrawdn; JiU kdfileh;
Capital (of a county), ois ^V P^ ijlr1 ^J^ kdrawdn serai.
takht.
Carcass, ^^ lash.
Cape (headland), acL.5 demdgheh.
3 Cards (playing), jjj varak; <u*P gun-
Caper (jump), j^-o—» just o kheez ;
jafeh.
(plant), jS" Tcdber. in
Cardboard, \yU mukavd.
Capitulate, v., ±\a *Jl-J tasleem da-
ttl
dan. Care, c^*a him-mut; <jj\&k» khabr

> '.
Captious, Ty4 lojooj. ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.

VOCABTTLABY. 37
Careful (to be),^^fLUa.1 ihtiyat Carriage, t&j* droshTceh; jOIT ka-

kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shu- La. hamdlee.
—^
leskeh; (of things),
dan. Carrion, ^"i Idsh. eater, J\y» yi^l
Careless, kUa*.!^ bee ihtiyat. lashkhor.
Caress, v., ^-^y navdkhtan. Carrot, e)j,j zardek; £y>. haveej.
Caress, ndz; navdzish. burdan;
jli \J»j\y> Carry, v., tj> zjT Jâ.
Cargo, j U bar. haml kardan.
Carnage, J» katl; ^jjij &j± khoon Cart, i>\f- erdbeh; ^ gdree.
reezee. Cartridge, <&£6 fashang.
Carnation (flower), e%° meekhek. Carve, v., J±j bureedan.
Carnelian, j-Jic akeek. Cascade, jUujI dbshar.
Carpenter, j U najjdr. Case (legal), a*jJu> mukadammeh;
Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh; ^ (box, large), jjX^sandook; (sheath),
Tcdlee. i_i}U gheldf; (pen case), ÎJ-Js ka-
38 VOCABTJLAEY.
lamddn; (condition), cJU. hdlat; Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.

(in no), **•_)$# be heech vuj'h; Catarrh, -ISj zukdm; &y nazleh.
(statement of), JU. <jjs. arz-hdl. Catastrophe, "k> fceZ#.
Cash, J& nukd.

Catch, v.j cr»/' giriftan.
— cold,
Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr. sermd khurdan; ^J^l*.
&3jy» \»j*
Cask, 1--^ peep. chd'idan.
Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.
Cast, v., jyii.ljJl anddkhtan.
Catchword, ^b pasekh.
Castle, Asia kala'eh.

Catechise, v., ^^Jlj-j sooaZ kardan.
Castor oil
el^S^cj^ roghan karchek; Cauliflower, JT^lT kalam gul.
i[ft ^jj roghan cherdgh. Cause (reason), c---. subub; C*U

Castrate, v., sjT*x»\ akhteh kardan.
Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee. Cause, v., sJ'kardan.
Cat, iij'gurbeh. Caused, tsfkardeh.
YOCABULARY. 39
Caustic (nitrate of silver), ^t- ^ Celerity, ^^ chdbukee.

zdrneen.
i Cellar, &+jf..j zeer
sang jehennum.
Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU dagh kardan. Cement, ^j,j\~>
sdrooj.
Cemetery, ^1^5 kabristdn.

Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.
Cautious, kU»ll; ha ihtidt. Censure, J*jj»> sarzanish.
Cavalcade, j 1^-. «—s dusteh saw

dr. Cent, jTgraz.
sawdr. Centipede, \>J\j* hezdrpd.
Cavalier (horseman), j\>~»
midneh; vast.
sawdran. Centre, ajW« la~»j
Cavalry, ^j- aJUj-» sad sdleh.
Century,
Cave,jlc ghdr.
Cease, u, &f *-*$y* mowkoof Tear- Ceremony, uXl taUeef; <Jfc taka-
luf.
dan.
Certain, && yakeen; g*° saheehh.
Ceiling, <-&-> sukf.
Z}\ albetta; <s&"h leld
Celebrated, ^*- mdroof; jj^» Certainly,
shah.
mash-hoor.
40 TOCABULAEY.
Certificate, a«Ij
c^^ rezdyet nameh. Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.
Certify, v., ^.sta sjlî, shehddet liar-
Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\ itifdk.
dan.
Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh.
Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.
Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chirdgh.
Chagrin, *£• ghum.
Change, jJu taghieer; (money), *$jy»
Chain, j^j zanjeer. khoordeh.
Chain, v., ^jT^j zanjeer Tcardan. Change, v., ydzjJZ taghieerdddan;
Chair, ^J^ sandali. cjV u^ avaz kardan; ^J J Jo
badal kardan.
Chalk, J-a-» Jf gil-i-safeed.
o > Channel, ^jjsfi mujrd.
Chamber, tj^- hujreh; jltjl otdk;
Chapel, Os-** musjid.
*il». khdneh.
Chapter, Û bub ; J-oj fusl.
Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee. Character (writing), *-»/-»• harf;
YOCABULABY. 41
(reputation), 3j\ dbroo; (good), Chaste, ^\<&\ pdkddmen ; y»U» iaTi-
J.U5Q neekndm; (bad), |.U^» bad- 7ier.
ndm. Chastise, ^jTû-uj tanbeeh kardan.
Charcoal, Jlej zughal. Chastity, ^tae)^ pdkddmeni.

(custody), oiU imanet ; Chat, j&S gzift o goo.
Charge (v.,
(accusation), oj^ shekdyet; cî Chattels, »->L-l «sbab ; Li.1 dshiyd ;
tuhmat; (of soldiery), A** hamleJi. JU wiaL

Cheap, cwzart.
Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms), >\j* Îjjl
Cheapen, a *j&» arzdn kar-

khairdt ; <w.x« sadakat. v., &))J
dan.
Charm (amulet), Uj> du-a.
*£»£ nuksheh. Cheat, v., âb c-o> /areeb dadtan ;
Chart,
Chase,j&. shekar.
Chase, v., &*/]&> shekar kardan. Check, o«jU« memana'at.
Chasm, <-i&i> shekdf. Check, -Wbj c^^ wa'e kardan.

42 VOCABTTLAKY.
Checkmate, oL »l- shah mat, or oL Chess, jj**> shatranj.

mat. Chessman,^, muhr ; king, »t- shah;
Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan. queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y rukh;
Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^>} \s. driz. bishop, Js» feel ; knight, »-— asp 1
;
Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ; pawn, »^Lj piddeh.

y^L. JW**î. khosh hdl sdkhtan. Chest (box), <jjX** sandook; ÎJis
Cheerful, isJUrî. khosh hdlat; yakhddn ; (breast), <i~-» seeneh.
khandeh roo.
Chestnut,^ »li shah baloot;(co\oxir)
^
,
Cheese, paneer. tskjTkorang.

Cherish, v., ^^ToiUa. hamayet kar-
Chew, v., Qîy? javeedan.
dan ; o^jJL^ parvareedan. Chicken, joojeh.
Cherisher, ^ parvar. Chide,
dan.
v.j
a*.j*.
zf^jj~> sarzanish kar-

Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;
(morella), j]yi alabaloo. Chief, tr-jj rey-iss ; tiLyt buzurg.
VOCABULARY. 43
UU Choice, oU* inthikhab.

3
!
Chiefly,^ akser; ghdliban.

Child,* isi bacha. Choke, v., ly^Tito. khufeh Tcardan.
Cholera, vebd.
Childhood, J^. bachagee. *1jj
sarmd. Choose, v., ^/m^ 5

' intikhab kar-
Chill, \+j»
eLi. khanuk. dan.
Chilly, ^r» sard ;
Chimney, jX'*)* dood hash. Chosen, «-»i^ muntikhib.

Eesd.
Chin, aJU. chdneh. Christ, ^^ câ* Huzret i
cheen Eesdvl.
China (country), v& ; (porce- Christian, ,jrj~~c-
Chuckle, *f J^-vJ lubkhund kar-

lain), jj-^ cheenee.
Chintz, o** cheet. dan.

Cinder, )y* *s» neemsooz.
Chisel, aJw! eskeneh.
Cinnamon, j** j\?
darcheeni.
* This word is used by Persians when rumz.
Cipher (secret writing), J>j
calling for their servants— a remnant
of
Circle, *jjb ddyereh.
feudal times.
44 VOCABULAEY.
Circulate, v., sf J,i>j' gerdesh

[
~kar-
(to Lave a), Îj t_-it talab ddsh-
dan. tan.
Circumspect, j Lla hoshydr. Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.

Circumstance, iz+JS hey'-fee- at. Clamour, tlj farydd.
Cistern, «U chdh; ^Lil t_»l db-ambdr. Clan, 4wll»
tdyefeh.
shahri.
Citizen, (^- Clandestine, ^^ mukhfee.
Citadel, d,l a?'gr. Classify, v., î/îL sdfhardan.
Claw, isLa.
Citron, dJÛ bddrang. chang.
City,j4& shahr. Clay, JTsftlL
Civil, w)^ moad-dub. Clean, db pat.

Civility, u->^1 adwb. Clean, v., ^^T e)b pat Tcardan.
Claim, v-JJ» talab ; »U^1 ida'd. Cleanliness, ^/ijî pdheezegee.
Claim, v., ^.sjT *U.iWcZa'a Jcardan; Clear, lJU s#/.

VOCABULABY. 45
Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar.

Clothes (clothing), o», rukht ; oî,
Clemency, ^ neveessendeh.
rahhm. rukhoot
^jlji.
; u-U
rukht-i-khdb.
lebdss ; (bed), c>i.j
Clerk, sJ±~jy
Clever, Jo*lib ddneshmund ; <J>j*\> Cloud, j>\ abr.
bd hoosh. Clove (spice), <&&* meekhek.
Climate, \y» vl db o hawd. Clover, && yungia.
Clock, c^L sd-at.
Club (stick), jU* chomdk ;
— to-
Clockmaker, jLo*!- sd-at sdz. gether, ^jfiii'!^

slierdket kardan.
Clod, -.^ kelookh. Coal, eL- Jlfcj swgrfral i sang ; (char-
Close, v., c^~j bustan.
coal), J^J zughdl.
Close (near), vk±j> nazdeek.
mahoot; (table), »>-
Coarse, o^>> drusht.
Cloth, ojJkL
Coast, ij\£~kindreh.
sufra; (saddle),^"Jj* arak geer.
Clothe, v., >yj\-*>i pooshaneedan. Coat, ^ fcafca.
YOCA.BTJLABY.
46 ham
*~**
Colleague, &?j rafeeh
; r*
atikeboot.
Cobweb, &yfr
Cock (bird),
wpvdeK
u-j> ^ ^'^
oos 5
w/iwisub.
Collect, *., o^/e^ ' W fcordan -
sheer; (gun), jU* cWmai College, i-,J-

medresseh.
sarfcong. Lieut.-
kahveh. Colonel, bLv-
Coffee, j^5 »uw?> sarhang.
colonel, eUr- w*«
Coffin, c^ taboo*. Colour, «&, rang.
hardan, or
Coil,
î
yeecfc. Colour, v., *>f&j rang
Coin, ^- sikkeh. i\ &j rang zadan.
Coin, *., ^J & "»* zadan '
„ Colt, tfMrreh.
Cold, *., V soma"; (rheum), fi

nuzleh.
Column, aj~ setoon.
Comb, *3^ shtineh.
zulidm; *j>
sard. Combat, \?& dawa.
Cold, adj., Aj*
Come, v., o^ amadan.
Colic, peecli.
gi
VOCABULABY. 47
Come, imp., Lj lee-ah. Commend, v., c,^T«-ai /

aJ ta'areefkar-
>
stdreh dum ddr. dan.

Comet, j\& f* ij\z->
Commendation, *-»*/« ta'areef.
Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald ;
Commerce, cÛ: tejdret.
o»]j rdhat. Common emoo-
(ease), (universal), ^y&
Comfort, v., o*f ^ L
tessald lardan.
mee; (plenty), ^J feravdn.
Comical, ds-** muz- hik. Commotion, \zS^- harakat.
Coming (future), *J±>.\dyendeh. — Communicate, v., ^J j\&>\ iz'har
and going, >x- tx»\ drnad o shud. kardan.

ham
Command,
•J dmr.
^ hukm; J^>J fermdn ; Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^
rah.
Command, ^r-J fermoodan ;

v., Company, u-W* mijliss ; (soldiers),
âta ^>J> ferman dddan. JutjJ' goroohdn.

U~J nisbetan.
Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh. Comparatively,
«o VOCABULARY.
YOCAiJU-LAiix.
Compare, •, <fif'A»U
^rMbdek I Competence, M****
la'ik.
kardan. Competent, Ji$
khdshdil.
aL5 kibleh nemdh. Complacent, Jj^y.
Compass, U3 *>&> shekayat
Compassion,
rahm.
&£• meru-at ;
fj
Complain, «., *•>/
kardan ; ^
nalidan.
Compassionate, ^j rahman ; s-*^ Complainer, ^^^ shakee. X ^
o>J& shekdyet; gel-

ba me- Complaint,
-», sahib rahm; &3j* ^
leh; *\>Jferyad.
ruat.
u— U mwnassib. Complaisance, J>y» ^ dilkhdshi.
Compatible,
*oor awardan. Complete, r
U tamdm.
Compel, v., oi,j\ j3)
-
Complete, v., &f ^ *a ™"~™ kai"
Compensate, a *f j^ tel«/i fcardan-
dan.
aaiv,
^\* J>^ avaz dadan. &j> & peech
der peech
ompe
Compensation, J>f avaz; ^
.-. ,
te-
|
I
Complex,
^ f .^ ^
Complexion,/;
>
mnMUt i roo
*, rang i
roo. .
lafi.
VOCABTJLAET. 49
m >
Compliance, cwUj rezdyet. Composer, Cii** musannif.

Complicate, sf ***# peecheedeh Comprehend, v., J~+& fahmeedan ;
Icardan. yzjT^^ji dar ydfi Icardan,

Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee. Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh.
Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ; j.^-. Compromise, v., ^jâJlo. musdlih-
saldm ; e>~# tahhniet. heh Icardan.
Compliment, O ô~4> tahhniet

v.,
Compulsion, ^} zoor ; j*> jubr.
Icardan; âta j»^-» saldm da dan ; Compunction, i-s-Ij ta-asuf.
<-^' takaluf be jd dwar- Icardan.
&*jj\ W*. Conceal, v., o'ifo^H penhdn
dan.
ijdzeh dddan.
Comply, v., ^ ^j rdzi shudan ;
Concede, v., &*\*
Conceited, jjju maghroor.
«jW-l
Icardan.
^•JjTJ^J Icabool *s^ ildlceh ddshtan;
Icardan
Concern, ^\i
Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb ;
selahh ^xib J»^ dukhl ddshtan.

(a difference),
dddan.
^•aU ^> Concession, *jM ijazeh.
VOCABTJLAET.
50
Conciliate, v,^/^ *^^^^ 5 Conditional,

Conduct, j^j
^ra/tar.
ba s7iuri.
dan; ^f^j Bdzilardan. as

Conduct, v., 0*1 bfirdan,; (lead,
j^^ muUasser.
Concise,
tor troops), ^kesheedan.
tomam
Conclude, w ., ^/fU Conductor, LJ t\j
rah nema. j
fe/iatm feardaw.
Confer (discuss), v.,
a/v^Jl£
e,^^ flêr- jawab Tcardan; *S^*~
sooal o
^ Ma*™ >1
moUlemeh lardan; (give), ^^.
;
Conclusion,
seegheh.
Concubine,
^ luhhsheedan ; a *\* dddan.

***->
Concur, «., ^^V^ J*

movafihsJiv^m.
(^
Confess, v., ^fjjb «»* torda^.
Condemn, Confession,^ *™r; u*1^1 t'tara/.
».,
seyasset dddan. 0*/^ b^»" feardarl;
Condition, JW Ml* c^ ^ let '

Confide, «.,
J^\ aliwal; i*f bay fiV et; & d ^T,iUfr\

Confidence, -sUp!
itimad
itimad.
Tcovrdan.
imfe; (stipulation),
V shurt.
V0CABT7LAET. 51
Confine (imprison), v., cJ ^T'Lr-a. hubs Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash; yî*

kardan ; ^J^jjj bund kardan. mustarib.
Confirm (investigate), v., ^sjT £<&£ Confusion, ol^kil istirdb.
tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen), Confute, v., iJ~^>\ja.)l Idjawdb kar-
dan.
^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify),
Congratulate, v., ^yîLfJU mobarek
jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan. bad guftan; *f ^~ $ ;~ tuhniet
Confiscate, v., i>jf)*~<> zubt kardan. kardan.
Conflict, el-La.
jung ; ^ji. j jj zad o Congratulation, ^.slTjL. mobarek
khurd. bddi ; ts-ytf tuhyiiet.
Confound, v., gdj *«y bar hum zadan; Conjugate, v., ^j^ *+*.jam' shudan.
^jjy evjLc" makhloot kardan. \£ gemdn ; J& zun.
Conjecture,
Confuse, v., jÛ y\£±ji perishdn Conjecture, v., ^sf yU'gemdn kar-
sdkhtan tashveesh dan.
; $$f yii^J
kardan. Conjurer, jb «3* hokkeh bdz.
YOCABTJLAEY.
52
reas«
payvastan; J-y
Consent, Jy* kabooU} ^Su L,
Connect, v., ^jH mwidi.
i*4 **»
dadan. 57lMdcm
,sU i"usl
Consent, v., o^ ;
Connivance,
she ; u*^
^jj
ighmaz.
^ •*«*» 3300.
e^/M** kalool kardan.
afr
5
nateejeh ; *>jA
Consequence,
desta ^ 00 '
Connive, «., tt *** r^ dkherat.

fcarda*.
•Mdofi; ^/ÛWfffcnwa " Consider, v., o*// &? £"*£'"
5
u-^ s7reria ss
(with
Connoisseur,
before it motale-eh kardan; &**&*
the requisite substantive ^zjTuM**
a connoisseur of sanjeedan.
as asp-shenass,
Consideration (thoughts), >5 .prj
(importance), jU»\
hoi'ses).
Conquer, v., *>/# M™ kardan. ^s tafdkur;
^^ W ^ ^
Conscious, fV\ agah. ^- su-
J Consign (give in charge),
Consecutive,
purdam>.
Uti, nedee/j i3*l*j rea«o/et.
VOCABULARY. 53
Consist,^, ^Ji murakib shudan. Consume, v., ^.s^Tt-i,* sarf kardan.

Console,^., ^^S^JLm tussald kardan
Contact, JUjI itissdl.
Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.
Contain, v., gs&ld ddshtan.
Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; jWl itifdk;
âi' ta'ahood.
Contaminate, v., ^^T^-ai nejess kar-
dan.
Constancy, Uj ve/«.
Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.
Constant,^ U 5 vefd dar; jIj day em;
Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet:
J-c mutassil.
w
Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa eZ itissal ;
&Z~*jb hamoesheh. Contest, -taW mujadileli.

Continual, .»»> » hameesheh'ee.
Consternation, (J^«» hayrdni.
Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.
Continue (remain), v., ^JoL manddn.
Consult, v., sf CJ'jiT*" wiashvarat Contraband, *y** wwwnoo' ; A*
kardan. ha/ram.
54 VOCABULAET.
Contract, Ask Is* mukati-eh ; \ojZ>

tan ; O ^^^gufto goo kardan ;
shurt ; J^fr ahd. *f \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve sooal
Contract, v., ^tf A*kl<u mukatieh kardan.
kardan ; c^-j ^J^ shurt bustan ; Convert (to change), v., ^jJta^f
ysjTj^c. ahd kardan. gerddneedan ; &*f u»j* avaz
Contradict, cfsSûJs-j bur aks guftan. kardan.
«-iÛ. khelaf. Convert, a., Jo j*. jedeed.

Contrary,
Convey, v., ^^ burdan ; ^J^L;
Contrivance, ^Jj' tadbeer.
Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.

Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U» tub-bdkh.
Conversation, o-sf suh but; aJ£»
mukalimeh
Cook, i;., c^sJ jpilkhtan ; ^J' _>1»
; jS&fguft o goo ; MJJ9-
tubkh kardan ; ^Jji, Â
J
1
^ j jaivab ve soo-al. (to boil),
Converse, v., &&\& o^ suhbut dash' db-puz kardan; (to broil), sjf~s«
T0CABU1AEY. 55
surlch Mr dan; (to roast), & *f\^\f Corn, ale
ghileh; (wheat), ÔuTûn-
kebab kardan.
doom; (barley), y* jo. field,
—
Cool, eU. Ichonuk.
A^y* muzra'a.
Cool (from anger), oS"li Corner, i^fgoosheh
v., ôi ;
pfkunj.
s#&e£ shudan. Corporal, ^l ,* dah bdshi.
Coop (for fowls), u-is fco/ass.
Copious, oly »M/ad

Corpse, s*j*
Correct,
murdeh; ^
sahheehh ; o--,^ drust.
Idsh.
,•
^J,]^ faravdn. g=->
Copper, ,j«. miss. Correct, v., *f ^S tass-heehh
kardan; *f^z~,j* drust kardan.
Coppersmith, /*, missger.
Copy, *!* saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.
Correspond (by letter), v., ^h ajK.
mukdtibehddshtan; (agree), jjlk,
Coquet, «., c,^/jl5 waz kardan.
&j> motdbik budan.
Coral, ^lay* murjdn.
Corrupt, JO--JJ poossideh ; sju Jcf
Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.
56 VOCABTJLAEY.
poosidan $ Ji^xa Count, v., &*/*£> shumurdan.

Corrupt, v., &J*»>yi ;
Count, d J^vl— a. hissdb kardan.

gandeedan.
Cost, oî kaimat. Countenance, ^ roo.
Cost, ^îb o^» kaimat ddshtan.

v., Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.
Contemporary, oij«« ham vukt. Counterfeit, to, (money), c i>j
Cotton, *~jpuribeh.
kulb zadan ; (persons), *f jJ#
takleed kardan.
Couch (sofa), oi***5 neemtakht.
Country, ojÎj veldyet.
Cough, as^-j surfeh.
Countryman, ^^j veldyeti.
Cough, v., *jf iij~> surfeh kardan. bayt.
Couplet, ii~rJ
Council, *\jy* u-V° mejlis shorn. Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.

nasseehat
Counsel, c^j**^ ; c^yu Courageous, cUA shujd ; ^J^ daleer.
mushverat ; (to take), ^^Tc^yL* Courier, j UU. chdpdr.
mus7it'era£ kardan ; (to advise), Course, Îj^ mayddn ; (race),
g.ita
o* -1
nasseehat dadan. ^jljj l_~» 1 jjjl
j*« mayddn asp devdni.
VOCABTTLABY. 57
Court (palace), j\, z darbdr ; Cover, s., yi^ poosh.
(quad-
rangle), dL hay at. Cover, v., <xZyf poosheedan.
Courteous, eJ^L, jly. Jchosh selook ;
Covet, v., ^b ^J, tama ddshtan.
»-j>>j-° moaddub. Covetous, dj» tama'.
Courtesy, i-j.il adafc. Cow, j)V gdv.

Coward, ^li ndmard.
Courtier, cjI£ ^"kc muldzim i rehab.
Cousin Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.
(through paternal uncle),
Coxcomb, eliii
Tcashang.
i*\jj+s. amoozddeh ; (through pa-
Ml Crab, cs^î. kharchang.
ternal aunt), s*\j i+e- amehzddeh; Crack, i_jl& shelcdf.
(through maternal uncle), s^j)U. Crack (split), v., ^K^, shekdftan.
khdloozddeh ; (through maternal
Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano.
aunt), aJU. Jchdlehzddeh. Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.
t*\j
Covenant, J*c ahd. Crane (bird), lâ durnd.

58 YOCABULABY.
Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J j^ chehdr Cress (water), jyVL balakooty.

dust o pa raftan. Crier (public), ^W-
jdrchi.
Crazy, ajI^-s deetdneh. Crime, s\Sgonah.

Cream, ^^- sar i sheer. Criminal, ra&« mokasser.
_
Crease, Is ta. Crimson, j*J kirmiz.

Create, v., ^J*/! dfreedan. Crocodile, cl^j naheng.
Created, tJi/\ afreedeh. Crook (shepherd's stick), <stykajak.
Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik. Crook-backed, oi^ jy ftooz pusht.
Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ; Crooked, S'kej ; *i. khum.
(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh. u.L
Cross, —U. khaj ; saleeb.
Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\
Crow, clj z«£f7i.
itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L»1
itimad dashtan. Crowd, f»l*.ijl
izdiham.
yjiiib
Crown, -Ij t«j.
Crescent, JÛ 7*,gZaJ.
V0CABT7LAEY. 59
Crucify, v., &*? ^*;W chehar meekh Cuirass, zereft.

r,j
kardan.
Culminate, v., a Juw, \#i\> be intiha
Cruel, ^*j bee rahm ; &xr*r> bee raseedan.
merooat. Hi
Culprit, âi. mulcussar ; jfclfgondii

Crush, v., ^j^TaJ leh Jcardan. Tear.
Cry (weep), v., zf *f giryeh Tear. Cultivate, v., ^f^s^Xjj zard'at kar-
dan; dan.
(call), if\x<, sed« harden.
Cry, «., z\p feryad ; sm na'areh. Cultivation, jtf izZTkeshteh kdr.
Crystal,^ feaZoor. Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.

Cup, A\-j pialeh [£> _jjs
Cubit, c,j zar. ; finjan ;
kadahh; a— ^ kdsseh.
Cucumber, jU k7u<m
Cue (hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh. Cupola, ±J?gunbad.
Hi
Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta ; Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.

(of sleeve),
u^-ir- sar-i-dsteen. Curds (and whey), sj^ doo^Ti.
60 VOCABULARY.
Cure, -.Û ildj ; »,l*.

char eh. Cushion,
Ml
^^ bdlesh ; £U mutakka ;
Cure, v., sf~~Sks- ildj kardan ; »,l>. jAi" mukhaddeh.

^sfchareh kardan. Custom, —j, russm ; sJ^ls kd'ddeh.
'
1 CI
Curl, «-i!j
zw ^/- Customs, &jS gumruk.
Currency, -.1^, rowaj. Customs' house, ail* d^ gumruk
Current (money), ^}j rdyej. khdneh.
Cut, v., ^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fer«-
Curry (horse), v., ^fj\^j teemdr
kardan.
Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; sjî.]/ terdshee-
Currycomb, jls kasho. deh.
Curse, o^jJ la'anat. Cutlass, ^-~.».ii
sham-sheer.
Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan. Cylinder, aJ_j!

looleh.
Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon. Cymbal, jy±~> suntoor.

surv.
Curtain, 5^ purdeh. Cypress, j^-.
VOCABULARY. 61
j^lov numdaslitan; y±fj turr

D.
kardan.
Dagger,^* khanjar. Dance, ^j£j rukss.
Daily, j*j> jj^ rooz be rooz. Dance, u, ^J^, ruksseedan.

m
Dale, sjt der-reh. Dancer, Îsj ruhdss.
Damage, Jrb zarar ; «_~say&; c^L-i. Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssnee.
khessdrat.
Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy» kJiof.
Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdni- Dangerous, dli Jai. khattarndk.
dan; ^sf^s. ayb kardan. Dare, v., ^^0,1—a. jessdrat kardan.
Damascus, «l£ shdm. Dark, <siy\)
tdreek.
Damp, s., ojj1»j retoobut ; J nwm. Darkness, ^Jx tdreekee.
Damp, adj., jv^j retoobuti; jIj^J Darling, l_>j-** mahboob.
numddr ; JJ turr. Darn, rafoo kardan.
v., ^J'yj
Damp, v., ^1 J~*i num dadan; Dart, tjJ teereh*
VOCABTTLABY.
62
bdhwn î jocmj s7mnbe/i. — of
Dash (together), v., v*j~v
zadan. Judgment, 1=**^ J3j roozi kiamet.
Date (of time),

tareekh; (fruit), — and nighty j L--i s/iwb ve rooz.
gfi — by day, jjyi jjj
rooz be rooz.
lî khurma. — Jjj;^ hur rooz.
Every To-day,
Daughter, j*** dokhter.
j3r imrooz.
\
— hook, eb-.» das-
Dauntless, bJU^j bee laic.
tafe ; **bjsj
rooznameh.
Dawn, ^\J-^ bamdad.
murdeh.
rooz
pi ydm ; (Friday), Dead, tt>j*
^
;
Day, jjj
£j* juma'a ; (Saturday), Deadly, eV muhlik ; s^^kushen-

shunbeh; (Sunday), -~i£ y<* deh.
do
shunbeh; (Monday), *-**•> Deaf, jT fear.
*-**- s « 71
shunbeh; (Tuesday), boodan
<*~ijW
Deaf (to be), v., *y. fkar ;
become), C M fkar shudan.,

siiMibeh; (Wednesday),
(to
cte?w sTiurabeTt ; (Thursday),
VOCABULAEY. 63
Deal (quantity), j Jl kudr ; (a great), Decide, v.,^z SL hukm dddan.

jL*j bisydr. Decision, SL hukm.
1
o
Deal, v., ^î *«—«j talcseem Tcardan. Declaration, -yi shurhh; ^s-\ i'ldn;
Dealer (trader), J^\^ sodager.
^Lj biydn.
Dear (expensive), \fgerdn; (affec- Declare, p5'_ ri shurhh guftdn ;
v., c
tionate),^^ azeez. jb ^Ûl t7«u dddan ; ^sj \^

Death, d^ mcwv/ ; oj< mot. biydn kardan.
Debt, \j>J Jcarz. Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.
Debtor, jU^^S karzddr. Decorate, v., ^^-Î drdstan.
Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom. Decrease, ^tfS'kam kardan.
Deceit, ^ ghubn. Decree, ^5^9 fetva.
Deceive,
Tcardan
v., ^y ajJu maghboon Decrepit, ~is«-» zaeef.
awardan.
Deduce, v., ^j}]/- ^ ar
Decency, ^fs~>\2> shdyestegee. Deduct, r., ±f S'kam kardan.
VOCABULARY.
64
~~ Defendant, *J1 mudda'i aleyhi.
&- sanad o*3 "
hujjet ; J-±*
Deed, ;
ta'areefc a»-
(of sale), *»W>
kebdleh. Title — J^ Defer, v., eyS-tol #>*"
dafc Titan.
bonchdk. hurmut.
c-/
Deep, ^ god ;
<x7ioo.
,>** ameek.
Deference,
Deficiency,
^>« nuksdn.
Deer, y»l
o^/^ »w»i«s kwdan;
Defile, v.,
Defamation, ^j.. ladndmee. kardan.
ô-Tdl^ ndpdk
Defame, v., ^/f U ^ bad^zm
feardaw.
Defile (passage), *&> tengeh.
Defeat,
Defeat, u,
o—£i shakast.
g^b 0-&- shakast

dddan. Defiled, ^ najas.
i=~A* tvajdsat ; JW
shakast khur- Defilement,
Defeated, *•>,> c*-**
ndpdkee.
deh. sareeh.
fcate'
Definite, Îs ;
£r>
Defect, l-~* ai/b.
Degree, a»,^ derejeh.
Defective, <j*^> ndkiss.
Defend, Âl-a »& negah
ddshtan. | Delay, ^ deeri.
TOCABULAEY. 65
Delay, v. 5C) ^rô.lj ta'kheer Tcardan ; Delirious, Îj* hezydn.
eJ-iiO"3 deer Jcardan. Deliver (to give), v., *h JLj fo*.
r
Deliberate, tLa».l I ba ihtidt. leemdddan; (to liberate), â/ahl
Deliberate, v., *f fi filer Tcardan; azid hardan; âta oli wejJt
±j> o,^!* mashverat kardan. dddan; ±jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.
Delicacy, J^\i nazuki ; ir-ilid litafat. Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.
Delicate, d,li ndzuk v-a.Wl
; Za£ee/. Deluge, e)^ £o/#n,.
Deligbt, k^ few*;; ^b shddee ; Demand, v., ,^>\y- khastan ; ^J-Jk

Ûi-ji. hhosh hdli. talabeedan.
Delight, v., C ^L Jl^y. fc7i5s7i fossZ Demand, s., ytaly. khdhesh ; ^J»
sdkhtan. taZa&.
>
Delighted,^—, masroor. Demolish, ^^/"(-j ^ khardb hardan.

1
Delightful, -ju mufarrah ;

liX) j diZ Demon, &* jin.
goghd. Den,jli ghar ; *>*) Idnek.
66 YGCABTJLABY.
Denial, j Vol inhdr. Depth, ^sjfgodee; J*c- umh.

Dense, kj£ ghaleez. Descend,v., ^J^l ^J^pdyeenamadan.
Deny, v., sfJ6i\ inkar hardan. Describe, v., ^jT^L^ baydn hardan;
tafseel guftan.
Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; a if ^f gzid J^-aaJ
hooch hardan. Description, ^Lj ba.ydn; J~a£ taf-

seel.
Departure, ~y hooch; <zSj*- harahat.
Desert, ^Lj bee dbdn; <jî dasht ;
Depend, v., ^y <i^~j busteh boodan;
sahrd.
^y jlacx* muta'alah boodan. \jsr°
Depopulate, *f &\jj vayran

har- Desert, v., ^\J^guzdshtan; ^f^J
dan. tarh hardan ; (military), otfjl?
Deposit, ojM amdnat. ferdr hardan.
Deposit, v., ÛrooLl amdnat gu- Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.
zasktan. Deserve, v., ^^ jO** mustahdh

boodan.
Depredate, ^J o,l* ghdrat hardan.
VOCABTTLABY. 67
Design (intention), ss\j\

irddeh ; Devise, v., ^&J^Sa tadbeer kard.an.
3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *£& nuk- Devoid, Û. khdli.
sheh. Devote, v., ^,\_fJ \j Tcerar guzashtan;
{
Desire, y^\ drzoo ; J^y- khdhesh. &&£ <j\jj3 korbani kardan.

Desirous, Jvi*£*l_ji.
khuhesh mund ; Devoted, jjû mutassadik (your ;
ijLJLe mushtdk. devoted), Li ^J* faddvi shuma.

^^f\f\j* khardb kar-
Destroy, v.,
Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_—,'~~,
dan. muta'assib.
khardbee.
Destruction, (jjl^ Devotion, c^Le ibddat.
Detach, v., ^j^TIjo. judd kardan. Dew, J c_~i shub num.
Detail, J^tf tafseel. Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz.
Detain, v., ,jz^\3 »Ki negah dashtan. Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;
Detest, v., ,jJ^! Jo bad dmadan. y^stTguft o goo.
Devil, ÎW.- shaitdn. Diamond, y-Ul almass.
68 VOCABTTLABY.
ul
Sz> Difficult, J££* mushkil ; j\fZt* dosh-
Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; ^jj vdr.
sheTcem ravish.
Diffidence, a*Jj vahemeh.
Diary, a*^ roozndmeh.
Dig, v., Jj^Tcandan.
Dice )V$* muhr.
Digest, v., ^j Ji^j' tahleel raftan.
Dictionary, u>»J loghut. Dignified, ÎSjl ba vekdr.

Die, v., a M oji fot shudan; $*j* Dignify, v., ^L t-J^ musharaf
murdan. sdkhtan.
Diet, v., ifj^jj parheez kardan.
ddshtan Dignity, jl»j vekdr ; a li» shd'an.
jj
Differ, v., tf&\&
c^-
> b cjjIw tefdvut
farlc
ddshtan.
;
Dilatory, v^ —
o >
sust ; J~j tunbul.

.
Difference, jjs /<xr A;; ojUj tefdvut;

Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.
t_»î»l ikhtilaf. Dilute, v., c) j/' Îs fca£t kardan;
Different, 1j^ judd; »J^^c alahe- ±J'] ^s* makhloot kardan.
deh ; jtp gheir. Dim,^b tar.
VOCABULARY. 69
Dimension, i^-U' kidss ; ÎaIo mikddr. Dirty, v., sf\j^ keseef kardan ;
Diminish, v., ±jT £ Team kardan ; yjji^d^. chirk kardan.
O zf*\>^koota kardan. Disagree,

ddshtan.
v., ^b (_i^bi.l ikhtildf
Dine, v., &Sjy* *& sham khurdan.

Disallow, v., ^J^> J^5 Jcdbool ne
Dinner, -li. sham. kardan.
Dip, v., tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan. Disappear, v., ^Ji Jja-i* mafkoot
~? mustakeem. shudan.
Direct, o-»^ rdst; - ~-~-<>
rdhnama'i Disappoint, v., &f±#>\ li na omeed

Direct, v., îf A\jit\j kardan.
Tcardan.
Disapprobation, ^J^~j U na jpassan-
Directly (straight), ^^—c Ui,^ dar dee.
Tchut-i mustakeem. Disaster, o»1 afat; ^ held.
Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat ; chirkee. Disbelieve, v., ^J^ j^. haver ne

jfj*
kardan.
Dirty, U^fkeseef ; d^. chirk.
70 YOCABULABY.
Discernment, jUxJ imtidz. Disconcert,

sdklitan.
^L tj^Li* muzterib
Discharge, 1;., a S\& oâ. jawab da-
dan ; C ^J> îy* murakhas kar- Discontent, cwU,U w« rezdyet.
dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan. Discover, v., & &f\j&.\ ikhtird kardan.
Discourse, jkJ nutk ; olki. khetdb.
Discharge, s., ^^j* murakhassi.
Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe a<2ct&.
Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^ mureed.
Discipline, Îkal intizdm Ji3 wuzra.
Disease, ^^ maraz ;
^ji-li n« fe7io-
; s7u ; i^j dartZ.
Discipline, v., ^.sta ,.1*3
wmw dddan ; Disgrace, Jl^ rissvdee.
uji/o-iji tarbidt kardan. Disgrace,!'., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kardan;
Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.
o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.
Discomposure, ujlûil izterab ; t^-la-j Disguise,!'., ^/Û Jjjuj tabdeel-i-
vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**. lebdss kardan.
Disgust, o^ ?i(/rai.
YOCABULAEY. 71
sÎj
Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf. Dismount, v. act., ô^ piddeh
Dishonour. See Disgrace. shudan.
Dislike,
kardan.
v., ^ J^ pasand ne Dismount,
kardan.
v. pass., ^^fuLi piddeh
jUy na farmdni
Dislocate, v., ^f ^~i fuskh kardan. Disobedience,
£ftlt1 b" na ita'ati.
li
;
Disloyal »\f» esUi nemelc hardrri; U^j L5
bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen. Disobedient, <^s-%\ j bee itd-at ;
aJa^jJi gheyr i mutee.

Disloyalty, ^j*- KiU5 nemak hardmi;
(ojUi. klviydnat. Disorder, j&jj^j tashveesh ; J!~>.j u-i
{
puss o peeshee.
Dismal, eJUJ^ft,
Mlndk.
Dispatch, v., sJ~ ii\jj rawdneh kar-
Dismay, v., ^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.
dan ; jjjÛ-^ feristadan.
Dismiss, v., ^^f <j^v* muraklias
kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan. Dispensary, <uU. \j* daivd khdneh.
Dismissed, sJC, <jx»j* muraklias sliu- Disperse, v., ^^b pdsheedan;

deh. ^sfjuiii pakhsh kardan.
72 VOCABULARY.
Displease, v., ^Jj*! jiy. fc7ios7i ne Distant, j3 J door ; Juw ba'eed.

amadan;
dddan.
(vex) Û jft^ ranjesh Distinct, -»lj vdzehh.
Distinguish, v., tf a j j^ tameez dd-

Displeasure, Jj ranj.
dan.
Disposition, (temper), _Jj* mizdj ;
oJU. hdlat. Distress, \->\)a*>\ izterab ; *^% feld-
hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.
Disposition (arrangement), t-~jy
tarteeb *u>j vuz'e. Distress, v., *f ^li^ perishdn
iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan. kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib kar-
Dispute, clji neza; J-s j JU &«Z o dan.
fcai/Z.
Distribute, v.. zfj>J3 tafreek kar-
Dispute, v., ^J^y neza kardan.
dan ; ^$j> *s-«o takseem kardan.
Disrespect, (S»]/»-\ ^ bee ihterdmi. i^~«—I kismat ;
Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds- Distribution, «e-&5
sileh. takseem ; Jif3 tafreek.

VOCABULARY. 73
District, ew^j velayet; <^**£L. hekoo- Divan, o£*^ neem takht; \^SJ?
mat. neemkat.
Disturbance, s^fitneh ; ^^ aslioo- Dive, v., £*j»>

dan.
£>£ ghooteh khur-
bi ; \i-y- g hog ha.
ba'azi J^ chand.
Disturb, v.
(moral), o~Â P e ^f ~ Divers, ^^m ;
rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tash- Diverse, jjz* mutafarek; &y^f

veeshkardan; (physical), o^».U.jl goonagoon.
tamdshd —J3 ta-
^j
roor sdkhtan ; (turn off") .*^tf

(in a field), ujI »], rah db ; jj i-j1 ab-
garddnidan.
ro ; j4 nahr. Divide, v., ^j? *~~x* takseem kar-
Ditto, Lajl
ayzan ; ^ neez ; **> hum. dan.
74 TOCABULAET.
Dividend, ow Itismat.
tdzee ; (sporting), ^^> tooleh ;
(puppy), <sL»a3ji>
tooleh sag «
eU^.
Divine, ÂJI ill alii ;
^si. khoddee.
Divorce, jWo teldk.
she* tree.
Dog-star, \jjs£>
Divorce, v., ^b j^k faZafe dadan.
Doll, ^Lijj/s
aroossek.
Divulge, ibrdz kardan.
v., &*fj\j>}
Dome, -xS gunbud.
Dizzy, ptS'geech. Domestic (servant), j£y noker ; (not
Do, v., *J^ kardan; (make), L wild), khdnegee.
,_/iili-
sdkhtan. Dominion, o~bL< sultanat.
Doctor (medicine), k-~-J» tabeeb ; Donation, J^£- bakhshesh ; J*il
**£* hakeem; lib

(learned man),
da?i« ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed. Donkey, cYl oZafc ; J* khur.
Document, Js-^fkaghaz ; >xu- sanad. Door,^^ dur.
durbdn.
Dog, eL- sa^f ; (greyhound), ^jli Doorkeeper, \>jt
VOCABULARY. 75
*fc tan; yîb eLi s7*afc dashtan ;

Dormitory, <->^y» Tchdbgah.
Dot, alaiii nuTcteh. j^xil JJLTgemaw dashtan.
Double (twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU, Doubtless, (sli
^ bee s7iafc.
Dove, l^s Mmree; &f\ a

Vo dolah. (ring), ]/
fcereera.
Double (letter of alphabet), J^Juiilj
Dough, ^*i. khameer.
ba tashdeed.
Dower, »ô mihreh.
Double-faced,^ j* do roo. Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on chin),
Double-tongued, ^jj^ l_-^.U sahib
sj~-
subzeh.
do zebdn.
Down fallen, *jt»l vftddeh.
Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; *jT)lji Downhill, jL)\r> sarazeer.

dold Icardan.
Doze, v., g&j câ. churt zadan.
Doubt, a~i shubheh; tsli sliak.
Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan.
Doubt v., ^\^ s^ shubheh dash- Dragon, U^jl izhdihd.
VOCABULARY.
Dropsy, i«»! istiskd.
Draper, )\jt
bazaz.
Draught, ^ bad. Drought, tJ^- khushki.
Draw ^sJS'kasheedan ; Drown, ^j^» J/ ghurk 1- kar-

(to drag), v.,
(sketch), ±~^ && nuksheh ka- dan.

sheedan. Drug, IjJ daw a.
Dread, \j*J tarss. Drum, JJ» tubl.
Dream, Lj\ji- ktidb. Drunk, o-* must.
Dress, u-lJ lebdss dby, poshdk.;
Dry, elio. khushk.
Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden. Duck, d-^l urduk.
Drill, ..ila mashh dddan.
Due, ja- 7iafc.
Drink, v , ^J^y nusheedan (khur-

Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.
dan, 'to eat,' is usually employed
Dumb, i&S'gung ; JV Idl.
instead of nusheedan).
Drop, s., tJaS

kutreh. Dung, y pehen.
VOCABULAET. 77
Duplicate, *ja i^- nuskheh-i-du-

5
E.
yum.
Each, yt liar; ck,» haryek.
Durable, -1j^
U fea dawdm.
Eager, jUt* mushtdk.
U ma dam.
During, *ta
Ear, J^J'goos'h.
—
ring, t } ^<fgoosh-
Dust, isJU. &7itffc; jU ghuhdr; *f vareh. —
of corn, *Zy» khoosheh.
gard.
Early, >>jj
zood. — rising, ^j-z*> j**
Duty, o^> min-nat; <-iX> takleef.
sahr-kheezee. — in the morn-
Dwarf, J5 s^^kootdh hud.
ing, ijj -*-» subh zood. — spring,
Dwell, v., gjsita UC. suknd dashtan. jl& Jjl aval i behdr. — fruits,
Dye, elj, ran^. j>£ no her.
Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh. Earnest, J*i—> musta'idd.

Earth, is)!*- khdk ; et*j zameeu.
Dysentery, Jl*-1 ishaZ.
78 VOCABTJLAEY.
Earthy, Û. TchdTcy. Education, o-o^ tarbeeyat.

Ease, o^|; ra-hut ;
îd^,] asoo- Effect,^'! asar ; as^ nateejeh.
degee; ^yL-1 assanee. Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldy am at ; ^-.y
East, Jij2-° musliruk. nurmee ; \j^j*

k na mardee.
Easily, Ûl \> ba assanee. Effort, J^jT Itooshish ; ^jj-.
s«'ee.
Eat, v., &i>jy» khurdan. Effrontery, ^j^^. be shurrnee ;
Ebb (tide), jja.juzr. ^^^.S'gostdkhee.

Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss. ^SE) £j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to lay
Eddy, \J\$y q irdab. eggs), j^jf^-z tukhm guzashtan ;
Edge, »* dum. (soft boiled),^) ^J »a£ tukhm neem

Edict, Û/ fermdn. puz ; (hard boiled), 2^ ci- s(/*£
Educate, i>j o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar- pukhteh ; (fried), *j
~3 neem roo ;
dan ; uMjij?, parvareedan. (yoke of) j
jj zardeh ; (white of),
YOCABTJLAET. 79
sX*Ju* seefeedeh j (shell), u>~»jj Elongate, v., ^îSj^ derdz kasliee-

dan.
poost.
Eight, v^lft Jiasht. Eloquent, j5^" sukhan goo.
Either, U i/a ; slji khdh; (.!>>%* Else, *ja. juz ; >j& be juz.
heech kuddm Emancipate, v., ±f i\j\ dzdd kar-
dan.
Eject, v., ^jT^jj^ beroon kardan;
^sf J\j»\ ikhrdj kardan.
Embarrass, v., sf *»-! dshufteh
kardan ; ^J~ t-^ka* mustarib
Elbow, Jj\ drenj.
kardan.
Elect, v., ^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.
Elected, l_»«^* muntakhib.
Embellish, v., [^\J \ ardstan.
zeenat. Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.

Elegance, o^j
Elephant, J-i feel. Embrace, v., ^f J* baghal girif*
Elevation, \uj\ irtifd. tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh

Elin-tree, ^15 ndrvan. girifian.
80 VOCABULARY.
Embroidery, <jjj* jj zar doozee. Empower, v., ^^/Ûi* mukhtdr har-

dan.
Emerald, Sy) zumurud.
Empty, jJU. Ichdli.
Emetic, Ji^'j-J dawa-i-kay.
Enamel, U~o mee?w&.
Eminence (rank), buzurgee ;
^fyf.
Encampment, urrdoo.
(hill), Kjj]/\r- sarafrdzee; ^jJo j^,l
bulandi. Enclose, v., *JÂ>\*.\ ihdteh kardan.
Eminent, dy» buzurg. Encore! ]
-J afereen; tj^ô dobdreh;

Emit, v., a ^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan. La.;* marhaba.
Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb; J^&\ a- { Encourage, v., $f jlz daleer kar-
shuftegee. dan.
Emperor, j^S ka'isser »li^»>Lii shah
End,^! dkher ; j-» sar *rfl anjdm;
;
;
in shah.
«sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.
Employ, v., a &\& J*i shughl da dan ; ji ciar fc/ia-
Tear dad an ; yiji J^.« Endanger, i\, c^!jJl^lai. >>
jjjÛ j%
mashghool hardan. tar anddkhtan.
VOCABULARY. 81
Endeavour, Jut>f kooshish ;

jt~>
{ Enlarge, v., Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;
sa'ee; *Ui*l ihtimdm. i>y z\>_) ziyad Tcardan.
<-jU tab osll» takat.
Endurance, ;
Enlighten, v., ^J~ ^j roshan Tcar-
Enemy, cî-^ doshman. dan.
Energetic, )j> firz ; *&>jj zarang. Eumity, ^^ doshmani ; ^Ss.

adawat.
Engage, c^-^ o^co da'wat khas-
tan. Enough, y-j buss; c^&'lcefayeb.
>
Engine, *£L mangeneh. Enter, v., ^.xi Ji-b dakhel shudan;

>
English, i^r-lCjl Engleez.

^j y too raftan.
Entire, ^VTcdmel ; -Uj tamdm.

Engrave, v., ^J^kandan.
Enjoin, v., ^^Tjo b' ta'keed Tcardan. Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.
huz Tcardan Entrails, s^ roodeh.

Enjoy, v ,
±j>
laa. ; J^y-
c.xi jfkhush guzdsTitan. Entrance, Jy-o delchool.
82 VOCABULABY.
kar- Erase, v., ^^T^^ saf kardan.

Entreat, v., â/'u-UsJI iltimtiss
dan. Erect, v. ^f v-* > nasb kardan ;
kardan.
Envelope, -wW lefafeh ; Îpaket. ^TjJj buland
i.l»1
eelchi. Erection, J^l^J istadigee ;
Envoy, ^-J»J
Envy, J-.* hassad. ikamat; (building), JW bend'ee;
Envy, v., ^j>. <*-*»

hassad burdan. cj,U& irndrat.
sar sam. Ermine ijI^" senjdb.
Epilepsy, pL, ^-
Epipbany, \y> ^ Mu&
mukhtasser.
shooyan. Err, t'., uVO*-
^jTghalat kardan ;
sa 'M '
ftfceta
kardan
a sf ^
;
!aic
Epitome, s*s*?
Equally b&raber ; J*
la. mukabel ; kardan; *f^
khubt kardan;
j\*+*hamvar; ^j musavee.
1
— ô^jî khelcif kardan.
Equator, 1^-1
^ khut-i-istwd. Errand, ^4 payg ham.
Eradicate, ^ gH jl
a« beefc7t feaw " Error, U& ghalat.
dowi. Erudition, yjta ddnish ;

^ Urn.
VOCABULAEY. 83
Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ; j]/ kardan; *j jyua takfimeen za-

^sjTfrdr kardan. dan.
Escape, y.f gureez ; j\J> ferdr. Estrange, v., ^sfj^ door kardan.
Escort, iS,Si badrakeh.
Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.
Especially, Lâs.* makhsoossan; Js- l Eternal, fd^-â hameesheh-ee ; ^Jol
yoj^sJi ala el khesooss. abadee ; «>U day em.
Essence, jty* jo liar; <z>\j zdt. Eternity, Jo\ abad.
Establish, v., i>_f
It
y her pa kar- Evacuate, v., &fjk. khdli kardan;
dan ; ^jja* mukarar kardan; ^3j*A£ takhlieh kardan.
^j^La) nasb kardan. Eve, L_~i> shub.
Estate, JU mdl. Even (of numbers), o-a?. juft ; (odd
~JA*
Esteem, v., y..f azeez ddshtan; or even), us*Sa.l» dJ tak ydjilft.
^^1.} *jzs* muhterem ddshtan. Even, adv., +* hum ; jJ neez.
Estimate, v., ±f ^j]^ bar-dvard Even (to make), ^ûJU sdf kar-
84 VOCABULARY.
bad.ee; slier drat
Evil, ^jS) *j]A ;
dan; J^L. j\y* hamvdr sdkh
tan. (misfortune), "h held.
Even, adj., ^jl— » musdvee ; j\>«* Eunuch, ^ y- ]
khdjeh.
hamvdr. Euphrates, ^>\J ferdt.
Evening. -Ifi sham; shut. Ewe, ^J^c sjU madeh meesh.

Event, j'ii'l itifdk; i^-» sar-gu Ewer, aj'^1 aftab eh.
zasht. Exact, \z~*\j
rdst ; û be-ayneh.
o
hameesheh. Exaggerate, v., Jw£l ighrdk.

Ever, <ii^»»
Every, j* hur.
Exalt, v., ^1/1 afrdkhtan.
Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.
Evict, v., tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.
Examine, v., &<*yj\ azmoodan ; ^^*\
Evidence, »«sWi> shehddat. 3
Evident, J^ dslikar ;
^>\j
vazehh îfimtihdn kardan.
Evil, adj., Jo had.
Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.
VOCABULARY. 85
Example (specimen), -uj*3 nemooneh; Excessively, jJ 1
jy file el hddd ;
(model), ^j-» soorat. »jU]| jy f5k el a'adeh.
Excavate, v., ^xS^kandan. avaz kardan;
Exchange, v., i>fj>*s-
Exceed, j^^guzas'htan.
v., {
îf J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.
Exceeding, u>j»L«J nihdyat ; o^lj Exchange, *., j>y- avaz; Jjo badal ;
ziyddet; jL~ ? bisydr. JojJ' tabdeel ; dJ^L. wobddeleh.

Excel, »., a J.i J-iU /flzti shudan.
Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.
Excellence, J-is /azL
Exciting, jS'A angeez.
Excellency (title), vUa.jen«b. Exclude, mowzoo kar-
i>J P-y°y*
Except, v., sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan. dan.
Except, 1_j~»
sivd. Excuse, j^s- uzr ; u^Jj«* ma'azarat.
Exception, UizJ istisnd. Excuse, v., ^J ....

*. B bakhsheedan ;
Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee. (one's self), ^^J* -uzr fcftas-

86 VOCABITLAEY.
tan ; cj-^«.1jj o,j*^ ma'azarat varzeedan ;

J+ijj (a horse), \jk*f
kha'stan.
îj gardash burdan.
Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon. Exert, v., ^>J> j^>jT kooshesh kar-
Execute (to do), d\z
^y soorat- dan.
dadan ; (to kill), ^^S'kushtan. Exhaust (to empty), zjT J\± khali
M> nasakchi &%>. kardan; (fatigue), ^$fx^~± khasta
Executioner, jf
t
;
kardan.
jal-lad.
Executor, ***) vasee.
Exhausted, Û. khali; ax-»i khasta.
Exempt, i_iU-e ma'df. Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj.

Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boodan.
Exempt, v., ^.i^-il** ma' df kardan.
Existence, ^^^ hastee ; *y*j vejood.
Exercise, ji-o maslik; [J»jj* varzash;
Exodus,
(ground), ji-. \j~* may dan i o,.** hejreh.
mashk. Expect, v., ^xita jUiJl intizar dash-
Exercise v., a i\i jJL* mashk dadan; tan ; ^\z ;Jy tavaku' dashtan.
YOCABTJLAEY. 87
Expectation, jllxjl intizdr ;

gSy
ta- Experiment, ÛJ'' imtihdn.
vaku. Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*±.Ij ba lchabar ;
Expediency, cu-~»U_« munasibat ;
\X~j.li shayestehgee. Expiration, *UiiJl inkiza ; j~> sar.
^J^ *UfiJl inkiza,

Expedient, i_—>\u mundsib. Expire (time), v.,
shudan amadan.
sar
Expedite,!;., o^lW" to? ajeelJcardan. ; ^J^l j->
Expedition, j\a.jald; ^ tund

s
; isJ^lU. Explain, v., jJ^Ûj bay an kardan;

chaldk. liali.
Û.
shurhh; Lj ba-
Expel, v., ^sf —\f*\ ikhrdj kardan ; Explanation, ~jt>
^^T^c^j beyroon kardan. ydn.

Expenditure, -y*. kharj. Expletive, J^lj pfkelam zdyed.
Expensive, J\jTgerdn. Explicit, fa> sareehh.

Experience, ^.Ujl azmdyesh; ^jd Expose, v., tfj\£>\ izhar kardan ;
tajrubeh. sf)\j>\ ibrdz kardan.

88 YOCABTTLAEY.
Expression (pronunciation), Soak tala- Extol, v., 2>J^<~&>j*i ta'areef Jcardan.

fuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i b drat. Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.
Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.
Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh; \->if-
Exquisite, »-iJJ lateef.
ghareeb.
Extend,!;.,^ xJ^j\jt> derdz Jcasheedan.
Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab; jjU mdder;
Extension, J^ tool; ^jj\j*
derdzee ;
»«sUSl jji fok el a'adeh ; v_^c gha-
o*-j vusa'at.
reeb.
Extensive, vusee\
£*~>j
Extreme, l$a! intihd ; j»1 dkher.
Exterminate,
Jcardan.
^ (•J^**
maadoom
Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z-w/a-
Extinguish, ±f yiÛ. Ichamoosh

Eye, *£•*• clieshm.
Icardan.
Eyebrow, j^l
dbroo.
Exterior, oiJ^. beyroon; ^l* Tcharej.
isl~£
External, azbeyroon; k^&- Eyeglass (spectacles), eynek.
&3j*o\
Jcharejan. Eyelash, ^y* muzhgdn.
TOCABULAET. 89
Eye (pupil), eUjy. mardamek. Facility, <JU asdnee ; o^-» sehoo-
Eyesight, _,1jo.j deeddr. lat.
Fact, ofliSa. Tidkeekat.

F.
Faction, jiilk tdyefeh.
id
Fable, ±*3 kisseh; ^l^ta das tan ; Factory, jiUylTfear khdneh.

ooKL. hekdyet. Factotum, tJ^*+*> hameh kdreh.
Fabricate, v., j^l- sdkhtan. Fade, ^J^ *•*/* Ji pazh murdeh shu-
dan.
Face,^, roo s^. chehreh; J^j pay-
leer ; ~j i
;
uxli. Faint, t— ^ za-eef.

hoosh $hu-
Face to face, jj jj roo be roo. Faint, v., ^J^ ur ^-? & ee
1
mukabel kardan. dan.

Face, v., $f Jj'Ju
Facetious, ±jL shooJch. Fair, i_uj& zareef ; ^jy> u-j* khosh
soorat.
Facilitate, U ^/' U L1 asdn Tcardan;
yjjjS^J^. sahl kardan. Fairy, ^ #eri.
90 VOCABTJLABY.
Faith, ÛjI aymdn. Farther, jjjji doorter.
Faithful, jta &* deenddr ; jtaU j vefa Fashion, --, russm.

dar. Fast, tjjj
roozeli.
Fast, v., j^b tjjj roozeh dashtan.

Fall, âlal iiftddan.
\->&Mzb. Fast, adj, vXu tund.
False, c^-i deroogh ;
nam. Fast (fixed), \>y^ mazboot ; Ss+

Fame, -.13
Family, a3'i-
Jal ahel-i-khdneh. muhkem.
Famine, J^ kahh-tee. Fasten, v., ^jTby^ mazboot kar-
Famous, j^-^-» mash-lwor ; W* dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem kardan ;
ma? roof. c^~j bustan.

*\i odd bezan. Fat, >-j^- churb.
Fan, y.
Far, jjz door. Fatal, 12&4* mahlik ; JiU kdtil.
Farewell, *taj vedd. Fate, ji<&i takdeer ; ^3 naseeb

l-.. ;
Farrier, J^> J*3 na'al band. tale'.

£1*
VOCABTJLAKY. 91
Father, j Jj pedar.
Feel, v. , ^jf^-J ?ams kardan ; ^-o.
Fatigue ^^-^ hhastagee. ^^T^-iss Icardan.
Fatigue, v., ^fyz~± TchastehJcardan. Felt (cloth), namad ; of
Jl»3 (p. p .
Fault, u_~& ayb ; late

ghalat.
To feel), (.^--s* mahsoos.
Favour, ^L^ meliribani ; i-AJ
Female, oU mddeh.
lutf; oldl UUfat.
Favour, v., ^boldl iltifat ddshtan. Fermentation, ^J>y*. joosh.
Favourite, i_**.U<, musdhib. Ferocious, ,^>j vahhshee ; sJJ,c

derendeTi.
Fear, ^-pr turss ; <-Jji. fc/io/.
Feast, cîUi zidfat Fertile, jb J-.U. li&silddr.

;
^L*** rnilimd-
nee. Festival, J^ eecJ.
Feather, ^j per. Fetch, v., ^jl dwurdan.

Feed, v., ^b cJl,y. Tchordlc dddan ; Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh ; ^û muta-
i\^ j.UL td-dm dadan. 'afin.
92 VOCABULAKY.
Fever, l_«j tub. Fine, v., ^î a*^ jereemeh kardan.

Few, J'kam; JJiS kaleel ; dJJl andak. Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (beau-
Fidelity, Uj vefd. tiful), isLls kashang ; yiji. khosh.
F\g,j~<\ anjeer. Finder, oiiol angusht.
Fight, ellia.
jawa ; da'aiva. Finish, ^^p j.Uj
tamdm kardan.
ly^.3
Fight, v., ±f ska. ^"aw a kardan; Fir-tree, —^kaj.

Fire, ^'1 aiesTi
sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.
Fire (to set on), tj JB 1 aies7i zadan ;
Figure, JC* haykal.
Filbert, jJci funduk. (to make a), ^^T^tjl aies/i Car-
sohdn. dan.
File, yjUî
Finn, J JjU dar bar kerdr
Fill, a;., o-i/î pw kardan. pai' ; j\/j> ;
Filth, oiLi'&esa/at. pj.U

Tcdyem ; Lû mazboot*
Find, v., ^Îj^j paydd kardan. First, Jjl awal.
Fine, a*^ jereemeh. Fish, Û mdhi.
VOCABULARY. 93
Fisherman jf j^* mahi geer. Flesh, ^jfgooslit.
Fist, cu£-> musht. Flexible, ^.i plchMiur.

Fit (proper), }^ sezdvdr ; Flight, jifgureez ; }j> ferdr.
mundsib. Flock, & gilleh.
Fix, v., *f Ss» muhkam Icardan. Flog, v., *j
zadan.
Flag, JJ*-> baydalc. Flood, J~» sayl.

Flame, <*1«^ shu'leh. Floor, cn*j zameen.
drd.
Flash, ,fsMJu±ji> darakhshandegee. Flour, ij\
~F\sit,j\}+* hamvdr; >-i'ue sdf; e)lji_?>- Flow, Ukxi eÛ. jdri shudan.
Flower, $gul.
Flax, ^^Mtan. Fly, ,^-C magas.
Flea, dTfcefe. Fly, v., cjJ^ri pereedan.
Flee, v., j&f' gureekMan ; o'irj^J Foal, tjTliureh.

«-Jlft
ferdr Icardan. Fodder, 'ala/.
94 VOCABULARY.
Fog, ao meh. Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.

Fold, b td. Foreigner, i_^£ ghareeb.
Fold, v., *fk td kardan.
Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.
Follow, v., ^J'iîe. dkab Tcardan. Forenoon,^;! ,jLo peesft az zw/ir.
Follower, £% tale' (pi. &>*>& ta- Forest, JKX». jangal.
be'een). Forfeit, *+ij=* jareemeli ; jU» ta'oon.
Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat. Forgery, J*?. ^'a'aZ.
Food, (2)ijâ.
khordk.
Forget, v., ±f~ J±y>\j faramoosh
Fool, ,j*&.1 alimak. kardan.
Foot, b pa. Forgive, v., ^sJLki bakhsheedan.
For, ^^ berai; l#£ be jaJiateh. Fork, JKIa. chengdl.
Forbid, v., &fa~* man'a kardan. Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.
Force, j^j zoor. Formal, ajU—j rasmdneh.
Ford, i^jjf guzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar. Former, ^si-o peeshter.
VOCABULARY. 95
Forsake, v., ^\jfguzdshtan. Fragment, s^b par eh.

kala'eh.
Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.
Fort, Asia
Fortify (a castle), v., ^f\>yJu, maz- Frame, y^" kdb.

boot kardan; (a sick man), oy France,a-JI^s Frdnseh.
^\^ koovet dddan Free, ah\ azdd.
Fortunate, uî-^y- khosh bukht. Freedom, Îjl azddee.

Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb. Freeze, v., ^j^-i & yakh bustan.
Forward, Fresh, tdzeh.
(jt-j peesh. »j'u'
Foul, eh*, chirk. Friend, o—j-s doost ; j\ ydr.

Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn. Friendship, j~>)* doostee.
Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd. Fright, u*J turss.

Fountain, »,1y fovdreh. Frighten, ^J^Laj turssdndan.
v.,
Fowl, £,* murgh. Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.
Fox, «ljj roobah. Frog, <w^/ kurbdkeh.

96 VOCABTTLAEY.
From, jl az. Furlough, i^j* muraTchassee.

Frontier, j^-. sarhad. Furniture, *iU. t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdneh.
Froth, uSkaf. Future, sJ^l dyendeh ; <^\ dtieh.
Frown, -i-1 dkhm. Futurity, cî.1 dkherat ; sJ^.\ dyen-

Frozen, J^* munjamid. deh.
Frugal, *j\$ ledne'.
G.
Fruit, »j ;* meeveh.
Fry, $frj~> surhh Icardan.
v.,
Gain, *ii nafa' ; J-*U hdsil.
Fuel, *-* heemeh. Gain, v., ^L ydfban ; ^y. J-oU.
taTcmeel Icardan. hdsil burdan.

Fulfil, v., zf^$3
Gait, t\j rah.
Full, jj pur.
»z do.
Funeral, »jUa» jendzeh. Gallop,
Furnace, J> furn (vulg., foor) ; jyj Gallop, ^JojJ daveedan.
v.,
tanoor. Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icardan.

VOCABULARY. 97
Game <j}\> bdzi.
Gather, kardan.
Game
v.,
îf^jam'
(sport), JCi, shekar ; (to make Gelding, axil akhteh.
game ot any one), ci~o
^siljol General, k^y sarteep.
dust anddkhtan.
Generally, ^j** umoomee ; Lj**
Gang, «j'J» tail
efeh
Gaol, u^^. huhss ; ^1 jJj zendan. Generation, J-J nasi.
Garden, c'o
bdgh. Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.
Gardener, \J>\>
baghban. Gentility, ojUi nejdbat.
Garlic,^--, seer. Gentle,
^Û moldy em.
Garment, ^LJ lebass. Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.
Garrison, jliL sdkhloo. Genuine, J~J dseel.
Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band. Get, v., ^f giriftan ^l yaftan.
;
Gasli, *ij zukhm. Giddy,

^fgeej.
Gate, 5jlj;.J dervdzeh. Gift, ytîtf bakhshesh ; ajJ* hedich.
H
98 YOCABULABY.
Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.i darakhsheedan.

Gild, v., sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.
Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel. Globe, i) kureh.
Girdle, &~>j£~kamar band. Glory, JÛ. jelldl.
Girl,^s.^ dokhter. Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.
eLj' sareesh.
Girth, tang. Glue, \J-ij-*
Give, v., (j-ita dddan; ^sJm, bakh- Go, v., ^j ruftan.

sheedan.
Goat,jj buz.
Glad, ^b shad; JW-ji. khosh-hdl ;
God, IJo. fcTwda; JSt JiZaTi. — pre-
khoshnud. khodd
.jyiji. serve you, ajfo s&j ljUi lJ*
Glance, «& negdh. bhumdrd negdh ddrad. — forbid,
Glass, <v£~2» sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.
JaXj Ijo. khodd nekunad; *Ulj»s-»l
Looking— azA dyeneh.
istaghfer dllah. Good — !
Cj^-
J
Glazier,^ aJL-i, sheesheli bur.
Glimmer, tiÂj; rooshndee.

*U\ subhan ullah. O — , 1^1 tfj/
YOCABtTLAET 99
khodd. For — 's sake, 1j±.
Gradual, kam ;
J\j>j\
ffjcam ^Sb ba
azbera'i Tchoda. willing jJJULul tadreej.
inshullah ; Jalya |ja. klwdd be- Grain, ii\* ddneh.
khdhad. Granary, ; unbar.
Lil
Gold, ill, feZ/s. Grand, ^kc azeeni; &$ buzurg.

Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar. Grant, v., *\* dddan ; .ib
«jL|
Good, ijy. Jchoob. ijdzeh dddan.
Goodness, Ljji. khoobee. Grape, ^ylii dngoor.
Goods, ljL.,1 asbdb ; JL wa£. Grass, ^_eic alaf.
Goose, jU Zc«z.
Grasshopper, JL malctkh.
Govern, v., ^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar- Gratis, cui* mufti ^ **
!
mejdnan.
dan.
Gratitude, JiL shukr.
Government, l^£L hekoomat. Grave, jJ kabr.
Governor, J"U hakim. I
Gravel, eLv reeg.
,
100 YOCABULABY.
Gray (in material), ^Jli khdkes- Groan, <Û naleh; »l a/i.
teri kiz-zil.
; (horse), J/ Grocer, Jl& bakkd
Graze, v., oî^ cheridan. Grove, jlj o*^ darakht zar.
Grease, ti^ charbi. Grow, v., ^J^jj roo-ee-dan ; a J-i. rijj
Great, djyj buzurg. buzurg shudan.
Green, j~. subz. Grumble, w., ^j »>xJ lundeh zadnn.
i
Grief, *t ghum; a-»e
*t
ghusseh. Guarantee (person), zamin ;Û
Grieve, v., o^J* **"* ghusseh khur- (warranty), ojU* zemdnat.
dan. Guard, mL ;
lj
passbdn ; ^J kara-
ool.
Grind, v., c3 j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ;
(paints and drugs), &&/ *3L» saZa- Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan.
•yeh kardan. Guardian, fe&5—« mustahfiz ; (of a
Groan, v., u >xrir'<»3l3 naleh kashee- minor), Jk\j ndzer.
dan; yjJ^^'jl «7i kasheedan. Guest, ^We* mehmdn.
Y0CABT7LA.BY. 101
Guide, JJu balad ; Uit\j rahnemd. Gunner, ^.Ljy toopchi.

Guide,
Jcardan.
v., ^ \J\+J *\j
rah nemdee Gunpowder, c^l bdroot.
Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.
Guilt, tl^gondh ; j~*£J takseer.
in
Guilty, jja» muhasser. H.

Gulf, -sJ^. Tihaleej.
Gum (arabic), g,^ *+~, sumgh arabi; Haberdasher, jl^j
bazdz.
J?>\ angum ; (of the teeth), oij^ Habit, ojU 'ddet.
yjljo^ gooshti-denddn. Habitation, ,j£l-» muskan.

Gun, eL« tufang ; (cannon), u>y Hail, e)^' tagarg.
ioojp.
— barrel, *)j!
looleh. — Hair, j* moo ; (of woman), ij-fgeess.
stock, jljul konddle. Hammer of Half, j*j
neera.
gun, jl»Sa. chukmdh. Trigger, Hall, ^b ddldn ; j^llj tdldr.
<i^>b jpdslineh.
Halter, ^ Li dfsdr.
1
102 VOCABULARY.
Hammer, ui^- chakush. Happy, .iyî. khdshnud.

Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh. Harass, v., ^^Tevo.il aziat kardan.
Hand, o-o dust.
Harbour,jJ^j bunder.
Handful, o-^* inusht. Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), Jy^J
Handkerchief, J'>*s-».s dust-mcll. doshvar ; j£~° mushkil.
Handle, jJ^^ dust-geer. Hardship, j& >
sakhtee.
^
(
Handmaid, keneez .
Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.
3
Haudsome, sj^y- khoshroo ; uzLZJ ^

Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ; ^j' dnderoon.
kashang. Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^> zarar ; ^^js*
Handwriting', Lst-".} dust-khut. zarar kardan.
Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^ Harsh, o^,.a drusht; j>) zibr.
aveezdn kardan. Harvest, J-.U hdsil.
^
shudan. Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*? ta'ajeel.
3
Happen, v., ±S> aS\^ voice'
Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi. Hat, t^lcolu.

VOCABULAKY. 103
Hatchet, ^J tabar. Heaven, oi« behesht.

Hate, v., ^Û Jo bad ddnestan. Heavy, ^L> sangeen.
[
Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan. Heel, u£>\i pdshneh.

Hawk, ^y koosh. Height, ôJb bulandi; c\$j\vrtifa'.
Head,^ sar. Heir, cj,1_j vdris.
Headache, ^~» .â durd i sar.

Hell, ~#± jehannum.
Heal, v., ^^ J\s. eldj
y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.
kardan ; <jJU*
Helmet, ^ sWkold
J
khood.
Help, vAS ko mek ; *x» madad ; sÛ.

Health, —\j+ ruizaj. chareh.
Healthy, o-*,.i js tun-drust. Help, v., d ^b (sUi* Jcomek dudan
Hear, v., J~£ shuneedan. $f£yX* madad kardan'.
Heart, J^ dil. Helpless, j U.v> ndchdr.
Heat, ^J'garmi; vxj\j» herdrat. Hem, ^,.s Jarz.
Heathen, o-^ o? but-parast. Hen, i*.j*. joojeh.
101 VOCABULARY.
dz eenjd. jJb buland.

Hence, U^l j! High,
Herb, i\Jf geedh ; c^Li nabdt. Highway, 2aU jLi. shah jddeh.
aJ'
Herd, dTgelleh. Hill, tuppeh.
Here, U.^.1 eenjd. Hilt, *-M kubzeh.
Hereon, Ida J* 'ala hazd.
Him, or Her, l^jl
oora.
Hereditary, ^j^y> mauroossi. mane* shudan.
Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^,
Hinder, v., ^J^ Û
Hindoo, ^J^ hindee.
peesh dzeen.
Hinge, ±!y looleh.
Heron, J-y» havasel. ishdreh.
Hint, »jLi.l
^jS &&jj taradud Icar-

Hesitate, v.,
Hire, u}jf kerayeh kardan ;
v., ^-i/
dan. '
(to lend on), a &\& i-Ajf kerdyeh

Hesitation, ^j/ taradud. dddan.
Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh. Hire, sAfkerdyeh.
Hide, v., ^jjT-iU kdyem kardan. Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.
VOCABULARY. 105
His, jl oo. Honour, 9j>\ abroo ; e^» hurmut.

History, &/5 tfireekh. Honourable, fj&» muhtarem.
Hog, e)î. khook ; j>.y±. khanzeer.
Hood, jLil bdshlik.
Hold, v., cJii^b a£i negdh dashtan.
Hoof, -* sum.
Hole, f^jy* soordkh ;
^y soolakh. Hook, t->}U kulldb.
Holiday, j^ eed.
Hoop, <wL. halkeh.
Hollow, s., JUjTôdaZ.
Hollow, Û.
v., khdlee. Hope, J-J umeed.
Hope, jyiita Ju*l umeed ddshtan.
Holster, JJ kubul. a?.,
Hopeless, Ju*l li w« umeed.

Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas.
Home (house), ajU. khdneh; (coun- Hops (plant), J*» khemel.
try), ^j vatan. Horizon, j»l u/«&.
Honest, o-J, r#s£ ; ^b ^..s deenddr. Horn, ^li shdkh.

Honey, J— s. 'asal. Hornet, jjJj zamboor.
106 VOCABTJLAEY.
Horrible, d'J^ holnak. Horse-race, ^j* »-~-l asp deevdni.

Horse, t-~J asp ; (blood), J~-l aseel; Horse-shoe, J«3 na'al.
(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay), Hospitable, e>—j^ ^W-s-* mehmdn-
doost.
jS' Jcahar ; (black), sL- sidh ;
femi; (cbestnut), Hospital, ajU. yaj/* onareez khdneh.
(gray), J^5 J.i/"
Jcorand, also ^jTkorang ; (sorrel), Host^b Û^-o mehmdndar ; &[>)**
abrash meezbdn.
ij>j>\ ; (piebald), jû! ab-
Zafc ;
(cream-coloured), J^-, sa- Hostage, jjgero ; J^f kafeel.
mand ; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter), Hot, ^fgarm.
(jiS^-j
sarkasli ; (ambling), ts-j. yur- Hour, o^L sd'at.
gheh; (master o?), j^\ j^\ ameer HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>£L chegooneh.
akhor, vulg. j_y-[r^ mirakhor. Howl, v., cj>^_jc >* 'oiy-'ou? kardan.
Horseback, ij\y* sawdreh. Human, ^L-i! insdni.
Horseman, J\y* saivdr. Humble, j*** liakeer.
VOCABULARY. 107
Hump, jy kooz. Husk, poost.
*y,
2 2 3
Humpback, ^îjy koozpfisht. Hut, tXkuTbeh.

Hundred, Ju> sad.
Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.
Hung, xj2j1 aveekhteh. Hyena, J \so'kafbar.
Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee. Hypocrisy, j>,^y tazveer.

ul
Hungry, &~>fguresneh. H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.

Hunt, v., zj~ jfcj shikar kardan
(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan. I.
Hunter, ^sj£z> shikari. I, ^ mun.

Ice, ut yakh.
Huntsman, j>j&> shikdrchi.
i
50
Hurry, J;-* taajeel. Idea JUi kheyal.
Hurt, Jjd diird. Identical, c^*j be 'ayn.
Hurt, v., C *J ±jS diird kardan. Idiom, J^*\ istilahh.
Husband, j*yZ> shoher. Idiot, A>\ ableh.

108 VOCA.BTJLAET.
Idle, J~S tunbul. Illegitimate, »^lj (.1^. haram zddeh ;

Ml
Idleness, J^j tunbuli.

i IjjJIjJj
veled-ez-zend.
Idol, ioo but. Illiberal, d~*< momsek.
Idolator, <z~*jj o* but parast. Illiberality eil —.1 imsdlc.
Idolatry, j~>ji co but parasti. Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee sawdd.

lf,j^*\ agar. Illness, ,ji-^ ndkhoshi.
Ignite, v., ^J-io al*ii sho'aleli ka- Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghban.
sheedan. Illustrious, jU«U ndm-ddr.
Ml
Ignorance, J^W- jdhalee ; <j\^ Imagination, j_û tessdwur ; JU»

ndddnee. khidl.
Ignorant, JaV jdhel ; ^tali nddan. Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kardan ;

Ill, (jiji.li ndkhosh. ^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.
Illegal, s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar' eh ; Imbecile, Jac- J'hami 'aid.
.13 ndhak.
J*' Imitate, v., ^j^jJju takleed kardan
VOCABULARY. 109
Immediately, ^yl
1
J fil.for. Impose, (j-ilî nehddan.
Immemorial, \jja fo-ran. Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.
Immense, »j1 Jol ^ bee anddzeh. Imprison, v., *J ^â. ?itt6ss Aar-
Immoderate, Jljcxl ^ bee i'tiddl. dcm.
Immodest, »jt> ^ bee shurm. Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss.
Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf. Improbable, J«* jljjJ door az'akl.
Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri. Impure, e)b U na pdh ; uî nejjess.
Impatient, j~o ^ bee sabr; aL-j*. g bee h),j* door.
hdseleh. U n« tairdnee.
Inability, gly
ndkis.
Imperfect, yosli Inaccurate, ^>s^\i nd sahheehh.
Impertinence, ^fl^yt^j bee hoodeh-
Inattention, cJu* ghifat.
gee; ^W* lJ &ee hyd-ee.
Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.
Important, *&> mohim. Incautious, <*lia.^L <j bee moldhezeh.
Importunate, J^»L mo'dkad. Incessant, ^b day em.

110 VOCABTJLAEY.
Inch, sj^gereh. Incorrect, \jnd sahlieeh; c^-j>s U

^s°
Incident, jlafl itifdk. n# drust.
Inclination, J~« mayl. Increase, »il>j ziyddat ; «U1 izdfeh.

Incredible nerai
Include, v., &f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan, (it is), -i/jjk ^j.» a »i
shaved haver hard.
Income, J->U htisil ; J».Ij* mucld-
khil. Incurable, --Uc 5) J# 'ildj.
bee missel. Indebted, u°jij^ makrooz.

Incomparable, Js* gj
Indecent, lj-i li «a sez«.
Incomplete, -Uj li n« tarn dm.
Iudef .tigable, bee khastegee.
^^^—i- tj
Incompetent, J? Is l> «a kabil.
Independent, Jai—< mustakil.
Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi. India, Ja Hind.
Inconstant, -Jj.J ^^ mutalaven el
Indian-corn, o» zurat.
mezdj. Indicate, v., Sj~ sj\z,\
ishdret kar-
Inconvenient, oâj zahhmat- dan ; yjJy^J nemoodan.
VOCABULAET. Ill
Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh. Infantry, j.lki

oL piddeh nezdm.
Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl; Infatuate, v., ^jTuty) ^ lee vekoof
(impartial), <-J>Je c > lee taraf. Icardan.
Indigent, ^di. muftis. Inferior, y^Skamter ; y~~j puster.

Indignant,^-«x« mutaghayer. Infidel,^ kafer ; ^j ^ lee deen ;
Indigo, JJ neel. Infirm, i-jL«-. za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.

Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; d»j\y Inform, v., ^^^ khalar dddan.
navdzish.
Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.
Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee. Inheritance, uy,1 irss; <^\^ mee-
Inebriate, o~-> must. rdss.
Inexperienced, U nd azmoo-
s^j-oj! Inhuman, ***.j ^ lee rah'm.
deh.
Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.
Infancy, ^Jî bacheh gee. Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.
Infant, ^_ bacheh. Injury, }Ji zarar.
112 YOCABULAEY.
Insecure, ^1 li nd dmn be
Injustice, ^/^Jl j> bee insdfee.
; _,Uftl ^>
i'tibdr.
Ink, i_-T,» murakkab.
Insensible, yj'yji bee hoosh.
Inkstand, cjIjj dawdt.
Insert, v., ^jT J±.ta ddkh.il kardan.
Inlaid, a^* murrassa. dndar ; j& dar.
mehmdn khaneh.
Inside, y too ; j£>\
Inn, a3U:U*~o
Insincere, Uj-o bee vafa.
Innocent, »^-> bee gondh. Insipid, sj+ ^j bee muzeh.
Inquire, o^^ji purseedan ; &&2>kyi Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis ; ^b na dar.
15
jooyd shudan. Inspect, v. , ^-^ <*ka.}L wMldhezeh

Insane, <u1ô deevdneh. kardan.
Insanity, j3\y„* deevdnegee. Ml
Instant, -.^ dum; \ an.
Inscription, J2.,& negarish; Instead, ^y- 'avaz.
khutt. Institute v., ^jTjji+ mukarar kar-
Insect, dan.
ffkirm.
VOCABULAEY. 113
Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan. Intercede, ^âLJj vdseteh kardan.

Instructor, jb, mo'alem. Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.
Instrument, o3Jl diet. Interdict, v.,
dan.
^ *-. man'a kar-
Insult, ^\j^\ ^ bee ihterdmee.
Insurrection Interest (money), Jî; tanzeel ; s.j>
(^yi shoorish.
fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jha-
Intellect, Jac 'alcl ; JHyt hoosh.
raz.
Intelligence, khabar ; jL±\ dkh-
bar. Interior, ^j deroon.
Interminable, j»\ ^j bee akher.
Intemperance, Jljccl ^ bee itiddl.
Internal, ao-ta ddkheleh
ddkheleh; ,^,Jo1
Intend, v., ÎJ % A \j\ irddeh dash-
;
^jj*
tan. dnderoonee.
Intention, s*\J\ irddeh. Interpret,

dan.
^ .
*.J tarjumah kar-

Intense Jo Jui shadeed.
Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah ; (of
Intentional, Ijl.1 dmddn. dreams), ^~jt» ta'abeer.
I
114 YOCABULABY
Interpreter, **>/* mutarjam. Intrepid, dl? ^j bee bah.

Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.
Interrogate(to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkar-
sdzish.
dan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan. Intrigue, J!>j{~>
Interval, oj L-* musdfat. Introduce (a person), v. ^J tjj**

Interview, oli^L middkdt. mvJarajee kardan ; (a thing), Ji-'.J
Intestine, t^jj roodeh. ^^j> ddkhd kardan.

Intimacy, j^. ek yek jalietee. Intrust, v., ^j^> supurdan.
Intimidate, v., ^jiLy tarsdneedan. Invent, v., ^Âj^.\ ikhterd kardan;
Into, j* dar ; ^j fee ; ,$*,&
duroon ; sj>
Ij^j paidd kardan.
jjj\ dndar. Inventory, o*-^ fehrist ; <utL--
sidheh.
Intolerable, J-*^ j£- ghair motalia-
mal. Investigate, v., ^j^ ^^ tahkeek
Intoxicated, must.
mustee.
kardan
dan.
; ^ uos*
)
tafahuss kar-
Intoxication, j^*
{
VOCABUIAET. 115
Invitation, o^j da'avat. Ivory, ^lc «/

Invite,
dan.
v., ô^ da'avat Tear- Ivy, islsji peecheJc.
Inundation, J*-* sayl. J.
Involuntary, jLÎ ^ lee ikMiar.

Jackal, Jlii.shaghdl
Iron, ^1 alien.
Jail, gljjj zenddn.
Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh. Jar, ttylcoozeh.
Irresolute, J&ixJ ^ beeistilddl.
Jasmine, ^ô— lj yasmeen.
Irrigate, t\, Îjol db-dddan.
Island, s^ja. jazeereh.
Jasper, ^ yashm.
Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn •
glj-i;; ran?-
Issue, v., iJ~j*
[
*> sddir Tcardan.

ydn.
Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.
Jaw, isii
/<x7c.
Item, £>j furd. Jen lous, ^^â. hesond.

Itself, oj» Jchud ; (jiî. khadesh. Jealousy, J-^ Jiassad.
116 VOCABULARY.
Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait el mu- Journey, y~» safar.

kaddes. Joy, ^^^ dilkhoshi.
Jest, iJ-jZ, shookhi. Joyful, ^jli shddee.
Û kdzee hakim
Jester, ^ji shookh. Judge, ; c/j |»^=»^»
i-shur'e (not hakeem for which
Jesus Christ, eâa. hazrat Eesd.
;
j~
{
t?-
Ml
see Doctor).
Jet (of water), »,ly favvareh.
Judgment, J^- hukem ; \ys fatvd.
Jew, ^>J>«i yahoodi ; tye*. jaliood.
Judicious, Joe i_*a.L» saheb 'aid.
Jewel, ^»_ja. johar.
Jug, ijf koozeh.
Jeweller, c£/*_??- johari
Jjj zerger.
;
Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ ^k hoka bdzee
Jockey, iskU chabuk sawdr.
jl^-. kardan.
Join, v., o>v J- ^* mutassil kardan; Juggler, jl ik hoka bdz.
Hi
âla JLaj'l itissdl dddan. Juice, m1 db ; Jjj-*-

arak ; 8 /
* - *-
1
Journal, <u^j_j;
roozndmeh. sheereh.
VOCABTTLAKY. 117
Juicy, j\^\ dbddr. Key, jJflceleed.

Jump, v., ±iji pereedan ; Kick, j& laggad.
Aj oO leggad zadan.
justan. Kick, v.,
Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree. Kid, aJlcjj 6uz ghdleh.
Just, JÛ 'ddil.
Kidney, &X kulbeh.
Justice, oJIj* iddlet. Kill, c^lT kushtan.
Juvenile, ^y* jawdnee. Kiln, sj^lcooreh.
Kind j^joor; uf
(sort), p~3 kissm;
K. gooneh; (friendly), Uj+* meh-
Keen,j-J teez. riban.
Keep, v., âili »£ negdh ddshtan. Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan
'
; yjs\
Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr. y&f dtesh kardan.
Kernel, ja* maghz. Kindness, J>^.j^>
{
mehribdni.
Kettle, yjj£ kitree. Kindred, j.y
kom ; u&jji kheesh.
118 YOCABULABY.
King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh. Knock, v., ^j zadan; ^J^jf koo-
liXA*-o mamlakat. beedan.

Kingdom,
Knot, tj gerreh ; (to make a), tjT
Kiss, --L mdch.
cyi~j gerreh bastan.
Kiss, v., ^3jT—\* mdch Tcardan. Know (a thing), v., cJi~iU ddnestan;
Kitchen, iiUjj <_£! dsh-puz klidneh ; (a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan.
^-k. matbakh. Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh.
lvuei\d,v., {:r±-{~>j~*±kliameer sakhteri. Knowledge, J* Urn.
Knee, ylj zdnoo.
Knuckle, ^ bund.
Kneel, v., y\j ^ do zdnoo ; ^î-iJ we-
sheshtan. Label, c: b «- sar-i-pdket.
Knife, ^kard; (clasp), $sL., chdkoo; Laboratory) *J
U^'iT kdrkhdneh.
(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh. Labourer, al*c amaleh
Knob, a*TS dukmeh. Lace, ;_jk
toor.
VOCABULARY. 119
Lad, ^'ja. jaw an ; <&\j*. jawanek. Lane, i^jfkoocheh.

Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.
]
Language, oj zabdn.
Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer. Languid, o— > sust.
Lady, jU. khanwm. Lantern, y-jili fdnooss.

Lake, ^^ darydcheh. Lap, J« baghal.
Lame, ekJ lang. Large, is);
a buzurg.
Lament, yjfo zdree. Lark, ^Ji'V kdkoolee.

Lamp, h\j* chirdgh. Last, ac?j.,î.| akher.
Lance, s^J nayzeh. Last, r., ^^p j,lj^
dawdm kardan.
Lancet, j~~> neshter. Last, s., t-JU kdleb.
Land, &.*) zameen. Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher el 'amr.
Landlord (of a house), jjU. l_^.U Latch, Jos kujl.
sdheb klianeh ; (of land), eU* i_>a.L Late )vfo deer.
sdheb milk. Lather, s., ^jflcaf.
120 YOCABTJLABY.
Lattice, eLi shabak. League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Ju shurt.

Laugh, v., (jjojji. khandeedan. League (in Persia, 4 miles), isk-^
Laugh, s., »Jî- khandeh. farsang ; ±-j» farsakh.

Law (sacred), c/i shar'e; (civil), Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.
y
i-jjC- urf ; (rule), ay\s kanoon. Lean, v., ^J~iJJi tekieh kardan.
Lawful, t ri shar'ee Leap, v., c>=~*- justan.
Lj ; J^ft 'urfee.
Lawsuit, **h\j* morafe'eh. Leap, s., jJ* kheez.
Lay, v., ^W
nehddan. Learn, ^jT z\>_ ydd geriftan ; J-ass
Lazy, J~J tunbul. ^J'tahseel kardan.

Lead, s., m^- sitrb. Learned, adj., lib ddnd ; Je- t--o.L»
Lead, v., ^^^ kesheedan; ^j sdheb 'ilm.

burdan. Learning, Jc 'ilm.
Leaf (of a tree), c^> burg; (of a Lease, *,U.l ijdreh.
book), j^j varak. Leather, *^. churm; ~L«j teemdj ;

Y0CABT7LABY. 121
(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ; Ledger, /» ^ daftar.

lalo
hulghar. Leech, ^113 zdloo.
(Russia), ;
mura- Left, *--». chup.

Leave, s., ijWI ijdzeh; j**-j+
(
Leg, b pa ; b jL sdk-i-pd.
khassee; &J\ izn.
Leave, v., ^\ jf guzdshtan ; (to Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.
-^ e g a ^ shar'ee.
give), fji\<i îl izn dddan ; <jx»j+
t/tr*
Legend, cj^ hekdyat.
yjfmuralchas kardan; (to obtain),
Legerdemain, u«jl? <»&». 7iofra ha zee.
^y îl izn giriftan; ^f jjU!
Legible, \^y* kh'dnd.
ijazeh giriftan ; ^jf\^j* mura- Legion, tjj^gerooh.
Ichassee giriftan.
Leisure, io-^» fursat; o^ /era-
Leaven, jjU mdyeh.
Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh. Lemon, y*^ ley moo.
Led (horse), e)Jo «-—.1 asp-i-yedek. Lend, v., ^ta u*/ Ararz dadun.
122 TOCABULAHY.
Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J» tool. Lessen, v., ^jS^Tcam kardan.

Lenient, *jiL moldy em. Lesson, (_>-,>> dv/rss.
Lenity, cî^-* moldy emat.

Last taU* mabddd.
Lent Christian ),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mo-
(
Let (hire), ^ta s.iL.1 ijdreh dddan ;
hammedan), &"*+j ramazdn. (permit), j^JS" guzashtan ; îl
Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass. j^b izn dadan ; a^f. <J**j* mu-
Leo (zodiac), x~* 'asad. rakhass kardan.
gJjL
palang. Letter
Leopard, (of alphabet), i-»/s» 7iwr/
mabrooss.
Leper, ^>}j^> (pi.^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), iiÂ-a-
Leprosy, <j>j>
buruss. ghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from in-
Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or less), ferior to superior, a petition);
lit.,
U S'liam ya beesh. areezeh
(jt-o i-eijS- (superior to in-
Lessee, jta ij\*.\ ijdreh dar ; jcJ^~~e ferior), ^j rukum ;
(of recommen-
mosta'jar. dation), A*Li,lft~j safdresh-ndmeh.
YOCABUIABY. 123
Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo. (of tbe eye), .&£». »*,> pardeh-i-

Levee, -iL. saldm. chesm.
Level, j\j+* liamvar ; tiU saf; }a~+ Lies, ijjj> droogh.
mosattahh.
Lie, v., jxS' £)j3 droogh guftan ; (to
sabukee.
Levity,
L ;
^C- give tbe lie), ^^ v-i^' takzeeb
ar, y^jj* drooghgoo. harden; (to recline), ^Ju-lTj^ di-
Liberal, ^s?* sakhi ; (in ideas), raz Jcasheedan.
JLa. tx~>y tose' Jihial. «_-o U naib.
Lieutenant,
Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.
Life,^*c 'omr ; ^Mj zendagee.
Library, u\isi\^S"ioitab Jchaneh.
Licence, sj\a.\ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz.

Lifeless, ^^ beejdn.
Lick, v., ^jJss—J leesseedan.

Ligament, ^j pey.
Ligbt, s.j J&jjj roshani <j^3j rosh-
1
Licorice, u"f> ±>; rube sooss. ;
Lid (of a sarpoosh ; nd'ee.

vessel), <J>y,j~>
124 VOCABTJLABY.
'
Light, v., y&f £r>3j roshan Tcardan ; Limb, yat uzv (pi. Ufil
a'za).
^fjî\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring Lime, d*1 ahek.

to ligbt), ^jj»&> zdhar Icardan. Limit, Jj*. hud.
Light (not heavy), adj., eL- sabuk. Limpid, <—»L» sdf.
Lighten v., sf<&~» sabuk Tcardan. Line, W±. Ichut.

darakh-
Lighten (flash), ^JuJLi^ Line (clothes), v., o^j^9 J^ aster
sheedan. kardan.
i-aJ&. khafeef. Linen, J'dfketdn.
Lightminded,
burk. Linger, v., ^\s J_jL
tool dddan.
Lightning, J/,
Like, jjU mdnend ; Ji« misl ; a-~i> Lining,^-. I aster.
shabeeh. Link,^»aij
Asia, hallceh zanjeer.
ks^»^ doosi dashtan. Linseed, bazrdk.

Like, v., iyxita ejyj
Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl. Lintel, j tf sardar.
Likeness, j*~£J tashbeeh. Lion,^-i sheer.

YOCABULAEY. 125
Lip, cJ lub. Living, iJJ} zendeh.
Liquidate (debts),
kardan.
v., ^ U\ add Lizard, is*ji buz-mejeh.
Load, s.,j\).
bur.
List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.
Load, v., &z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**.
Listen, v., ^Û ^jTgoosh dddan. Tiam'l kardan.
Listless, o— . sust.
Loaded, tsf } bar kardeh;
\i
(of a
Litigant, ^^ muda'ee. gun), f^ji pur kardeh.
Litter, ois takht.
Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ôjkurss.
Little, e) Jol andak ; S^ ham ; Jis
kaleel
Loan, j>/ kurz.
; isi^^koochek.
Live, v., ^Jwi »J3j zendeh shudan. Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss ; ^ yjJTkafsh
Livelihood, \
}
jfguzeran. kan.
Lively, o—» chust. Lock, s., Ji» kufl.
Liver, ^ jigger. Lock, v , ti^Ja* kufl kardan.

126 YOCABULAEY.
Locust, J-o malakh. Lord, dyi buzurg (pi. d ^ buzur-

ameer #
ome) a').
Lodge, o^J;-^ munzel Tear dan
v., ; gdn) ; jgf\ (pi. c-^1
jÛ Jj^< munzel ddshtan. Lose, v., $j £~gum kardan.

Lot (chance), ^ naseeb.
l-...,
3
Lodging, Jj^ munzel.

Lots (to cast), r., ^j
aî kure'a
Lone, \#3 tanlia.
zadan.
Long, j\ji derdz.
»& negah. Loud, jJo buland.
Look, s.,
Love, j^ ishk.
Look, v., ^_f s& negah kardan ;
Loved, ijj-la- ma'ashook.
^Jo-s deedan.
Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.
Loosen, ?'., ^-i/ J-i> shul hardan;
Louse, u-?- shepesh.
1
goshdd kardan. Low, ac7j. o~j pits*.

Lop (trees), v., ^J^y terasheedan. /roo kardan;
Lower, a?., ^^jj/ ^3^
Loquacious, i-Jlâ. harrdf. zf pa-yeen kardan.
VOCABTTLAKY. 127
Loyal f>?)ac mutee' ; j^^j rafaddr, Machine, o^l aZî ;

.til* raanên-e/i.
Luck, o£ bukht, L-.-.-aJ nasseeb. Mad, i3^.^ deevdneh.

Lucrative, j?ju mufeed. Madder, s., u*^3j ronass.
Ludicrous, >x± khande'ee. Made, aoi-L sakhteh.
Lukewarm, *};*?* sheer garm.

Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\ am-
Lull, ,j-iy A I dram kardan. bar.
Luscious, Jo.JJ lazeez.
Maggot, *f~lirm,
Lust, ojîi shahvat.
Magnificience, o^j-i. shoket ; JÛ.
Lustre, ^J^jj roshndee.
jelal.
Lusty, c^-j;^ J> tan drust.
Magpie, jM cXTkeldgh ablak.
Lynx, dJj j^j yuz palang.
Maid,^^ dokhtar.
M. Majestic, <ul»ll shalidneh.
Ml
Mace, J^j topuz ; jL* cliomak. Mail (armour), «jj zerreli.

128 VOCABULARY.
Mane ydl.
Maintain (to assert), v., a sf <-kf* J'j
Manful, aSl^y.
murdaneli.
ta'areef kardan ; (support), ^b»^5
kardan. Manger, ^±.1 dkhoor.
sf negdhdari
Mango, sJ\ anbeh.
Make, v., ^\-> sdkhtan.
aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn i-~& Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet.
Make, s., ;
tarkeeb. Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ; vdzehh.

^>\j
Malady, J>j* murraz. Manifest, v., *f \^ nemaydn
hardan.
Male,y3 nur.
Mallow khdtemi. Manifestation, j^> zelioor.
(plant), ^"U-
ddam; *j* murd. Mankind, ^\ J-i beni ddam.
Man, p^l
Manage, v., zfj~>S> tadbeer
kar- Manner, ^> turhh ; £-ij vuz'aij^
dan. joor ; jjb turz.
Manufacture, c^*i-> sana'at.
Manager. ^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;
jKi-j peeshkdr.
Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.
TOCABTJLAET. 129
I
Manuscript, ki£~M dust Jchutt. (for a man), ^ &j zun burcL
Many,j\~~!lisijdr; \
3 \j feraviin. (for a woman), *fj*^ sho
Map, Julaj nuksheh. kardan.
Marble, j*j+ murmur.
Mare, ^leÛ madidn.
Mars
Marsh,
(planet),
ol^
^ mereekh.
murdab ; _,Uj noysar.
Margin, <j~iU hdshieh.
Marvel, s., e^s* 'ajab.
Marigold, j\# *L~+a> hameesheh be-
hdr.
Marvel, v., aif c_Jk ta'ajub har-
dan.
Marjoram, ^
pooneh. Ml
Masculine, fx, muzakker.

Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat.
Mason, *la bannd ; (stone-), ^ly 12L-
Market, j IjU bazar.
Marriage, 'aroosee. sang trash.
^jj*
Marrow, y^ mughz. Massacre, J^s fruf I.
Marry, v., ^p^TjU iyal giriftan; Mast, JJuj baydak.
130 VOCABULARY.
Master (lord or chief), tsl agha; (of Mean, jifi^. hakeer ; (despicable), JJ3
•a
trade), alx-»l ustdd ; (teacher), zaleel.
^su mo all em. Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle), \j~«

Mat,^,~~^ hasseer.
meyzdn.
Match (for a light), sz+ijS' kibreet ; Mean, v., Îj Jao ma'ani ddshtan.
cj» juft. Meaning, <j** wta'emi.
(pair),
Material,
Means (revenue), JU rndl ; Jâ
s., i»,b pdrcheh.
mdderee. dukhl.
Maternal, ^Û >
Mathematical, hendissee. Measles, el>^ swrkhek.

Âia
Matter, «^>U mddeh. Measure, til*^ peymdneh .; u*\J ki-
Mattress, d£«.i ddsliek. ydss ; »j\ Jol anddzeh.

Measure, v.j ^^TÛ-j peymdn kar-
Mature, ^J*-, raseedan.
Mausoleum, jlj- mazdr. dan ; gijS" u-l^ kiydss kardan ;
Meadow, ^-^ chaman. ^jS^sjljol anddzeh giriftan.

TOCABULAEY. 131
Meat, iz^^gooskt. Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold'

Meddle, v., ^f
&>\ J* muddkheleh kdt.
kardan. ekJ.s dil-
Melancholy, diltang ; jS2*
Mediate, v., ^^SâL-Ij vdseteh kar- geer.
dan. Mellow, sJ---, raseedeh.
Mediation, h~>y tavasut. Melodious, ljw»
<,J>y»
khosh sedd.
Medical, tib-bee ; eÛ» tebdbat. Melon (yellow), *jy.j±

kharboozeh
<JJ»
daw a. (water-), ajIj-xl*

hindoodneh.
Medicine, \j<>
Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan; sffi Melt, vl db shudan.

v., &xz*
filer kardan. Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.

Medlar, Jijl azgeel. Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh.
Meek, v.Û moldyem ; »jil«*
maz- Men, (jt.^* mardumdn.
loom. Mend, v., zfjt*£ ta' ameer kardan.
\£ gedd.
Meet, v., ^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan. Mendicant,
132 VOCABULARY.
Mention, jJl zikr. Metal, *JJ» filiz.

Merchandise, cÛs cjL-iI asbab Metaphor, <uUS~ kendyeh.
tajareh. Meteor, vW- shehdb.
Merchant, Û tdjer ; f\$y> soddger. Method, ~)o turhli.
Mercifal, -e»y raheem. Metropolis, o^ n>\jpdyeK takht.

Mercury (planet), Îkc itarud. Midday,^ zuh'r.
Mercy, ^-j
rahm. Middle, I»~»j vussat ; ^L* miydn.
Mere, c.^-. sirf; ,>** mate. Midnight, t_~i < a-<a3
nisf-i-shub.
neemelx-rah.
Merit, ^^j-* sezdvari. Midway, t\j
*a*.J
Meritorious, j lj]^ sezdvar ; &"$ la- Midwife, LU> mama.

yek. Might, oy koovai.
Message, »U*j payghdm. Mild, *j^L moldyem.
Messenger, t^^J fcrista deh; (horse), Military, ^î nizdmev.
jlU. chapdr ; (foot), J->U kdsid. MilJ , >f-i sheer.
!r
VOCABULARY. 133
Mill, L-1 asya. for coining

money), *L i_>|> =ara6
Miller, ^b L-l asya ban. khaneh.
Mill-stone, Lt.| eL* sang -i- asya. Mint, v., ô; a£L sikkeh zadan.
ml
Mimic, jJji* moTcallid. Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.

Mince (cut small),
meh kardan.
v., ^ *+J kay- Miracle, «js*<>
Mirror, <ml dyeneh.

mo'jezeh.
dilkhoslti.
Mind, JSc 'akl.
Mirth, ^^.s
Miser, j-ds bakheel.
Mine, s., ^j*. ma'adan.
Miserable, JJi zaleel.
Mine, v., ^.^TL-aJ nuhb kardan.
Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti.
Minister, îjj vazeer ; (Prime Mini- Miss (a mark), ^^T Iki. khetu kar.
ster), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami. dan.
Minor, j^> sagheer. Mist, a* meh.
Mint (plant), cLo na'ana ; (place Mistake, s.,
Li. khubt ; ^-» sah'c.
134 YOCABTTLAET.
Mistake, ^j£=> Li. khvbt kardan; Modern, »jIj tdzeh ; y no ; Oeâ.
3j^j4~> saWv kardan. jadeed.

Misunderstand, s~+& t_JÛ. kheldf Modest, tffAjZ, sharm-geen ; La.1 bd
fo.hmeedan. hyd.
Mitigate, ^.ita <-AJ& takhfeef dddan. Moist, adj., J num.
Mix, v., c ^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s? Moisten, ^^b J num dadan.
qsJ>
makhloot kardon. Molest, v., C) ±J~ ij^su ta'dee' kardan.
Moan, v., ^Jtj ndleedan. Moment, ^1 an.
Moat, jJwii. kliunduk. Monarch, sli.iL padishdh.
Mob, (.'^-ijl izdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd. Monday, i~£>^ do-shambeh.
Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar- Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha.
dan. Monkey, ici)y_ boozeeneh; &y+#> may-
Model, stsj nv.ksheh. moon.
Moderate, Jjâ* mo'tadil. Month, »U mdh.
VOCABULARY. 135
Monument, j fob yadgar. Mosque, J^*** miusjid.
Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb ; Moss, Jy* mZrkk (pr. mZrgh).

(new), J^ helldl; (full), j
Jo badr. Most, ^51 dksar.
More, »Îjj ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; î-o Moth, aj'j^j parvaneh; */r l-~^ s7<(tb-
beeshter. /?erre7i.
Moreover, ^j s^Û aldveh ber-een. Molten, jÛ mdder ; »^lj valedeh.

sub'h. Motion, Lrâ. harakat.
Morning, ^>
Morrow (to,), \sj> farda. Motion (to set in), ,^ta lt^/». hara-
Morsel, *+& lukmeh. kat dddan.
Mortal l~Jl insan (deadly), Motive, L_~~i subub ; tl^l bd'isr.

(a), ;
t ju^T" kusJiendeh. Mould, cJU kdlib.
Mortar (for pounding), Û havan ; Mouldy, d/" kerek ; (to become),
(cannon), j^L^- khumpdreh ; jJ ^jj dj^kerek zadan.
kopuz. Mound, «y tuppeh; J> tut.

136 VOCABTJLABY.
Mountain, s^kooh, Munificence, o$U"» sekhdvat.

Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khur- Murder, s., JxS katl
•
cîS^ kushtan.
dan ; &±f \sfo zdri kardan. Murder, i\, j^kus'htan.
i
Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri. Murmur, 5., & gilleh.

Mouse, yij* moosh. Murmur, v., ^j »J^J lundeh zadan.
Mouth, ^f jj& dero kard.an. Mushroom, —j\S kdrch.
Much,jL~J bisyar ; ^^-U. khaili. Music (vocal), jljl <n'«z; (instru-
Mud, ^fgil ; jiU»l> bc'ctldk. mental), jl~» s«z.
Muddy, ; b' Mr. Musician (vocal), jJJlji. klidnendeh;
Mulberry (white), oy toot; (black), (instrumental), jJjjL sazendeh ;
jli s7iaft. toot.
ojJ t-^k* mutrib.
7iatw*. Musk, eli- mislik.
Mule,^ls
Musket, eliS tufeng.
Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.
VOCABULARY. 137
Musketeer, îsUaj tufeng -chee. Myrtle, i )y> moord.

Muslin, JJL malmal. Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi.
Mussulman, Û— » musulmdn. Mystery, j^, rdz.
Mustachio, J~-» sabeel.
Mustard, J-^p. Tchardal.
N.
Musty, ^jfljtu mutaafan.
Mutineer, ^l yd ghee. Nail (finger), ^'o nakhun ; (peg)
&\~J fesad. meekh
Mutiny, s., jtf-o ; (claw), do>. chung.
Mutiny, v., ^Jti y-\jydghees?iudan.
(
Naked, s^tj berehneh ; &•>_/ 'arydn.
Mutter, -v., ^JjJ^J landeedan. Name, s.,
*\i nam ;
^1 ism.
Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goos- Name, v., ^J^k ntfmeecfom.
fond. Namely, ^ô yaani.
Mutual, tfs^k tarafayn. Nap (of cloth), idfkurlc.
Muzzle, j^jsjjj poozehband. Nap, s., c^». churt.
138 VOCABULARY.
Nap (to take a), v., âj o^. churt Necessaries, Ûjlj) lowazemat.
zadan. Necessary, »p lazim.
Napkin, JLjj, roomal. rakdbeh

Neck, aJ, ; zfgardayi.
Narcissus, ^jSji nergess. Necklace, J^j ^jTgardan-bund.
Narration, oi^- hekayat.
Nectarine, Jii shaleel.
Narrow, eUi' tung.
Need, s., o<?-U. hajat; ^_W^ ihtidj.
Nation, v^lo mil-lut.
Native, ,Ju»l
aslee. Need, v., Û *-W^ ihtidj dashtan ;
^ji -.U-s* mohtaj shudan.

Nativity, &j>y mowlood.
Natural, j^ tubeo'ee ; J>li zatee. Needle, ^jj- soozan.
na lazem.
Nature, o»*-l> tabee'at ; oli z«i. Needless, pjVli
Naval, i^fS*.
bahree. Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.
zf<z^s£. gihjlat kardan.
Near, ck.jp nazdeek. Neglect, v.,
Neat, j-J tameez. Negligent, Ji^ gliafil.

YOCABTIIAEY. 139
Negociate, v., i^ ^^ moameleh Never, Jy» Imrgez ; oSj ^* heech

Tcardan. voikt.
Negociation, aLU* moameleh.

Neutral, <-»}> ^ bee tarof.
New, y no ; »j^' tdzeh; J4*i» jadeed.

Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.
News, j± hhabar ; (good), *^>
Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyeh- muzhdeh.
gee. Next J-»^ mutassil ;
(adjoining),
Neither, ^1*5 ^JaS ne-een ne-an. a^,^ payvasteh; (following), »Xi\
brdder zddeh ;
Nephew, i^j } ^ji ayende/i.
Jch'dher zddeh. Nib, eli wiZA-.
s^\jjst\j^
(—~at assab. Niece. See Nephew.

Nerve,
Nest, <uV laneh ; *^\ ashyaneh. Night, e~i shub.
Net, }£> toor ;
^ dam. Nightgown, s~i ^^ pcrdhani-
shub.
Nettle, vj^gezeneh.
140 VOCABULABY.
Nightingale, ^ bulbul. Nonsense, ^J* j^-j bee hoodegee; ^>^>

Nimble, elU. chahuk. bee ma'ani.
Nipple, ^^-j pistdn. Noose, yX^kamand.

Nitre, aî slworeh North, JUi sliemal.
Nobility, ^j> buzurgee; j^ji bu- Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~o beenee.
zurgawar ; ^V nejabat. Nosegay, JS* <u->.s dusteh gul.
c-~si
Noble, nejeeb ; v£jj* buzurg. Not, U -na; &> neh.
Nobleman,^*-! ameer. Note, Jj rakkam.
Nobody, u-^ft" heechkass. Nothing, -£* heech.
Noise, 1 Xo sedu ; j\j\ avdz ; Oj-e Notice, ^"M i'ldn.
sot ; eJolj bong.
Notion, JU. fcTiiaZ.
Noisome, j** muzirr. Noun, j,-.!

ism.
Nominal, ^y furzee ; ,JW- khialee Nourish, t\, ^Joj^j parvareedan.

None, â heech.
'
Now, ^5)1 aZ-aw ; ¥L 7iaZa.

VOCABULARY. Ill
Nowhere, U.
**^>j* der lieech jd. Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ
Number, ^Js. adad. Obedience, o-cU»l ita'nt.
Nurse, jjU ddyeh. Obedient, *Ja* muted.
Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem; U-i sa-
Nut (hazel or filbert), jJî funduk ; ^
lam.
(wall-), )*f girdoo ;
(pistachio),
x^jpisteh; (cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel. Obey, v., î/'c^W itaat kardan
Nutmeg, J^lj^- juz-el hind. Object, s., ^yiA* maksood.
Nutriment, \J* ghezd. Object, v., ^f i\j\ irad giriftan.
cy~* wamnoon
_. I
Oblige, v.,
O. sdkhtan,
O !
ij\ at.
Oblique, Uo,j\ ureef.
Obliterate, v., naskh kardan;

Oak, ojli baloot. &±ff~>
Oar, j;b par oo. &i>f^>, puk kardan.
Oath, *~J kassam. Oblivion, J^y^J fardmooshee.
142 VOCABTJLAEY.
Obscene, isJIjIs na-pdk. Occasion, \z~»f fursut ; Js* mahal.

Obscure, ^^ tdreek. Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.
Observe (to look), a *f s£ nig ah «—
Occupant, »yz* mutesarif.
kardan ; (to keep), ^^ s& nigdh Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar.
dashtan.
Occur, v., *xZ>
*s\j vdlceh shudan.
Obstacle, >uL mane*.
Occurrence, irîiSî sar-guzasht.
ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.
Ocean, L^ ^, bahr moheet.
Obstruct, v., ^^TojuU- memana'at Odd (not even), *? furd; (strange),
kardan.
i_ê gliareeb.
Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.
Odour, _^ boo.
Obtain, Îj ydftan; ^^TJÛ 7iaseZ
Off, or far off, J**j ba'eed ; ^ door.
kardan*
Offence,^~aa-> takseer.
Obviate, o*f £*j raft kardan. Offend, v., ^-XJlsij ranjdneedan.
Obvious, j&\ dshkdr. (Offender, ^roiu mukasser.
YOCABULABY. 1-13
tahleef kardan. Omen,^! dkhter JU /aZ.

Offer, v., ^fuJd ;
Office (post), c_~^ munsub ; (chan- Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat.

eery), jjU^j daftar khdneh. On, ji bar; Vl» b«Z«; Jy /o&; ^
Officer, >_ ^ ;
o l-o-U sahib munsub. aZa.
Once, a«9jJo yek-dafa'a; h>j*£>. yek-

Offspring, £>jj> farzand.
murtaba ; jî yek-bdr.
Oh ! J\j vai.
Oil, c^JJ roghan. Oneself, 3j» fe/tud.
Oilman, J>3j ^jj roghan feroosh. Onion, jl*j piydz.
Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient), pM Only, V 3

'
tanhd.
lcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh. Onward, u~-j peesh.

i suleimani.
Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh. Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang
*>az kardan ; oif^3
Open, «., &/$*.
Olfactory, jl-iy booddr.
vd kardan.
Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.
Open, j l» b«z ; jb vaz.
Omelette, £fkookoo.
144 VOCABTTLAEY.
Openly, *J&,\ dshkdreh. Oppression, zulm.

jJJj
Opinion, sJâc akeedeh ; ^$]j

raee. Oppressor, J'J» zalim.
Opium, 12)
Ia/ tar yak. Or, \>
yd.
Opponent, <-hj*- hareef.
Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (mandarin),
Opportunity, o-î fursat; o-sj
,j£>j^ ndrengee ; (Seville), J>J^
vakt.
ndrenj.
Oppose, v., sfxz> zid kardan. Orator, ,jLl3 ndtik.
Opposite (in position), ^.oj, roo- cli
Orchard, bdgh.
be-roo ; J>li-« mukabil ; (adverse), Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdyesh ;
ijSs- aks. »&* hukm ; (disposition), ^~jy
Opposition, oilli" mukhdlifat. tarteeb ; J*> nuzm.
Oppress, v., ±j> Jk> zulm kardan; Order v., ^y>/ far-
(command),
^^T^jjy ta'adi kardan. moodan âta S*. hukm, dddan ;
;
'
Oppressed, *j&>* mazloom. (arrange), âta t-~-V tarteeb dd- J

VOCABULARY. 115
dan ; ab Ji3 nuzm dadan ; ^> Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.
gAjfmunazam kardan.
Overhear (to tell tales), v., &* a *"
Ordinarily, L^c imoomdn. &fsukhan cheen kardan.
Oriental, ,_//-• mushraki.
Overlook (a house), r., ^ >_*/-.
«sL muslirif boodan.

Origin, J*>l
Original, ^Jul asli. Oversee, v., ^f'cîU mubdsherat

Ornament, jyj zeever. kardan.
Orphan, *~> yateem. Overseer, Û nmbdsher.

Ostensible, jt^ zdhir. Oversight, ^4- sa fi v.
Ostrich, pj+j£> shutur murgh. Ought, Jo.Ij bayed.
Other, J&z deeger y_L sdyer ; j£ Our, U ma.

^
;
Out, or Outside, beroon.

ghair.
zubberdusti.
Oven 5Jyj tanoor. Outrage, j^^j .
bald. Owe, v., ,^-ta J>j* kurz dashtan.

Over, ¥1?
146 TOCABULAEY.
Owl, *y. boom; <ix* chughd. Pagan, o-«^ e>? bwt jparoM.
Own, ^=* khud. Page (of a book), js?-* safha ; (at-
Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ; tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c gholam
^jT^]^] i'tirafkardan. peesh-khidmet.
Owner, t_~=*L> sahib ; dJL malik. Pageant, l-Ui' tamtisha.
Ox, j^ gdv. Paid, »J^> Ul ad# shudefi.

Oyster, i_iJ-» sadaf. Pain, j, j cZitrcZ.
Paint, s., dJ, rangr.

P. Paint, v., a &j v&>j rang zadan ; Ji3j
{
Pace, *J£ hadam. ^f nuksh Icardan.

Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh. Pair, ofl?. juft.
Pack, v., c^~j bustan. Palace, s^^ dargah ; cÛc imdrat.

javal dooz. Palanquin, a \^j o>=? takliterawan.
Packing-needle, jja y}\j*.
Padlock, J» fcii/i. Palatable, ^W-* muzzehdur.

VOCABULARY. 147
Palate, ^^ <-JH-j sukf-i-dahan. Paramour, jJ, rafeek.

Palm (tree), Up. kliorma; (of hand), Parcel, as-j busteh ; ^ bukcheh.
o—i t_sT kuf-i-dust. Parchment, y»\ u--^ poost-i-ahoo.
Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh. Pardon, yi-li? bakhshesh ; ^_j'-«-.
Paltry, iz~~^ pust. ma' a/.

Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan. Pardon, cJ -i/'
«—*\** ma'af kardan j
Pantaloons, j IjLa shalwar. ^jJLic baklisheedan.

Panther, eLb palang. Pare, v., ^Jî.1/ tarasheedan.
Pantry, <uU.
io^ sliarbat klidneh. v filed.
Parent, JJlj
Paper, J*1T kdghaz ; (news), t*\jjjj Parole, Jy kol.
Parrot, ^>£> tootee.

Paradise, cJl« behesM. Parrot-like, jj^lj ^^ tootee vfiree.
Parallel, ^L-*, musdvi. Parsimony, J* bukhl.
Paralysis, J& faleej. Parsley, l£^«* ja'aferi.

148 VOCABTTLAEY.
Part, Sj'j pdreh ; a£j> tikkeh ; rtrfTfc

Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.
hisseh.
Past, x^jfguzashteh.
Particular,, ^ya*? makhsoos ; u^li.
Paste, ^-»i khameer.
khass.
Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'.
Pai'ticularly, Uâi. khesoosan ; leyasfi
makhsoosan. Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneedan.
Partner, d^ snareek. Patch, iL»j vasleh.
Partridge (red-legged), eLS" kubk ; Paternal, ^Jo pedderee.

(royal), ^^ dX fca&fc derree ; Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja. hoseleh.
(stone), jî teehoo.

Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan doost.
Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh. Patron, <jy* murubi.

Pattern, <s3^»5 nemooneh.
Pass, «., ^^^guzaslitan.
Passage (river or mountain), ^ju> Pave, v., ^.Tyi^ tsk-i sangr /arsft.
ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro. fcardcm.
Passenger, yl~* musdfer. Pavement, d^~. sang farsh.

yj>j>
VOCABULARY. 1 l«J
Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi. Pearl, Jo^ljj-o

mv.rwareed.
Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh. Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.

Pawn, v., ^SfjJ'gero guzashtan. Peculiar, Û. khdss.
Pawn. See Chess. Pedigree, J~i nasi.
Pay, t-«a.lj-<> mowajib. Pedlar, u-jy '^.J* khurdeh froosh.
Pay, v., zf\i>\ add Icardan ; Û Ul Peel, o-^ poost.
add dadan. meekh.
Peg, j^-o
Pea (green), ^j* ty£ nakhood fren-
Pen, Js kalam.
gi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.
Pencil, ÎJld Js kalam med ad ; &\»
Peace, Xo sulhh.
medad.
i^-jU» taoos.
Peacock,
hooloo.
Penetration, ^y^ teezhooshi.
Peach, jl^*. Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.
Peak, ts kelleh. Penknife,\J^J^ kalamtrdsh.
Pear, ^^W gulabi. Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.
150 VOCABULAKY.
u)
Pension, asJjj vazeefeh ; ^j+z~* mus- Perfume, v., a sfjvu mu' attar Icav
tamurree. dan.
Pensioner, jy» iLkj vazeefeh khor. Perhaps, Juli shayed.
Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr. Peril, Jai. khattar.
Penury, _ Ua.1 ihtiaj. Permanent, Jta day em.

People, jU. khalk ; Jjis* maklilook. Permission, sjL>l ijdzeh ; îl izn.
People, v., ysj> M abdd Tcardan. Perquisite, Ji.lj*> muddkhil.
Pepper, JaU filfil. Persia, ^1^1 irîm.
1
Perceive, v., ^JA o^l« multafat shu- Person, ^^r shukhss.
dan.
Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.
Peremptory, ^Lls kati'.
Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.
Perfect, *Uj' tamdm. Perspiration, j^ 'ara&.
"
Perfidy, o3L±. khiyanat. Persuade, «., îf ^j ra z ^ kardan.

Perfume, ^k* 'at**. Pestilence, Îk tdoon.
VOCABULAEY. 151
Pestle, ^j^* *^>* dasteh havan. Pigeon, /$i" kabootar ; (vulg. >af
'o/reezeh. Tcaftar) .
Petition, a^p
Pike, sj-j nayzeh.
Pheasant, Jjl5/ karkaool. boraseer.
Jij balgha-m.
Piles (disease), ^-V
Phlegm, zowdr
Pilgrim, jljj ; (to Mecca), ^L*
Phrase, J^>\ istilahh; <z>jlz
ibarat.
Pick, «., ^^ cheedan. Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.

Pick (tooth), JÛ. feTieZil.
Pill, »--» 7iub.
Pickaxe, xXlcoland.
Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.
turslii.
Pickle, J^J Pillar, j=~>
setoo?i.
Picture, a££5 naksheh ; &jy> soorat. £u mutaka.
Pillow,
Piebald, jl»l aftkfc.
Pin, d j^- soozan.
Piece, JjIj pdreh ;
& tikkeh. >
Pincers, ^1 anbur.
is*>l»i diyanat.
Piety, nishkun
Pinch, ^fj^> giriftan.
Pig, dî. khook.
152 VOCABULARY.
ration.
Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas. Pity, *&•;
Pipp» Jt^ chebuoh. Place, U-

j« ; J&* makan.
Pi q u a n t, j b ô muz z e hdar ; i
j-c
l» &a Plague, Û> ta'oon.
muzzeli. Plain, s., \j£° sahra.
Pistachio, <i^~j
pisteli.
Plain, adj.,j\)+to hamvdr ; ^_i U sa/;
as: Li' tabanclieh. (ugly), oij zisht.
Pistol,
^J^ mudaee.
Pitch, eJj zift ; Jt? keer. Plaintiff,
Pitch (with pitch), Plan, d-laJ naksheh.

v., ^JÛ
maleedan ; ^JJ'-* j£ keer maZee- Plane (tree), jU^. chenar.
dan ; (a tent), &j ji>\. chadur Plank, ais: takliteli Zo/Ji

; r
_jJ
zadan. Plaut, sz> biitteh.
Pitcher, tj^koozeli. Plaster, Sgach.

Pitiless, *3"j<3 bee rah' m. Plate. oU^j boshkab.
Pith, ji* mughz. Platform, £~> sakoo.
VOCABULARY. 153
Pocket-book, J« a*: Li" ketabcheh

Play, s., ^jl bazi.
Play, v., ^f
i^jlj bazi kardan. baghali.
Pleasant, ui^- khosh ; (of a place), Poern,î> shiHr.

U-» o ba sefd ; »j» khoram. Poet,^cli sliair.
Point (dot), JaftJ nukteh ; (of a
Pleiades, ^j. parveen.
speech, etc.), <uCi nukteh ; (of a
Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.
Plentiful, ferdvdn. sword, etc.) >>r- sar.
\j\ji
Plough, psr
1
shukhm. Poison, y*j za7i'r.
Pluck (flowers), Pole (geographical), c_Ja» feuft; (of

a J#* cheedan;
v.,
(a bird), '^.^Sc^l abreet kardan. a tent), d,.> derefc.
Plum, j)l
aloo. Policeman, ^-J^ poleess.
Plunder, c^lc ghdrat. Polite,^Û mo'adab.
Plural, ***. jame'. Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.
Pocket, <-~a. jeeb. Pomegranatejlil andr.

154 VOCABULABY.
Pomp, oîa- hishmet. Portico, ^kjl di/van.

Pond, ij>y* hoz; ^^ istakhr (vulg. Portion, aâ. Msseh.
J^J istalkh). mahal.
Position, Js*
-
Ponder, v., ^J*^* sanjeedan. Positive, yakeen.
^jftju
Ponderous, c^£-j sangeen. Uj*j Lk* 7iu/c-

Positively, yakeenan ;
Poniard, &*s kameh.
Poor, jjis fakeer ; tj\$i bee chdreh.
Possess, v., ^jiita dashtan ; i—^m
Poppy, ÎsA* khashkhdsh.
^jiita tassaruf dashtan.
Populace, -It '#m. Ml
Possession, i-Jâi' tassaruf.

Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.
Porcupine, ^
i*.y± joojeh teghee.
Port,jJ^ bunder.
Possible, ^Co mumkin.
Possibly, JoU. shayad.
durban ka- Possibility, K*\ imkdn.

Porter, ^'u,^ ; ^yj*
poochi. Post (letter), ii.->^j poos£; (situation),
VOCABTJLABY. 155
mansab ; (timber, etc.), J*« Poverty, ^J\S^geddee.

meel. Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot ; (medi-
Posterior, t-^ 'akab. cine), ujy-. sefoof.
Posterity, ^j\ owldd. Power, oy koovat; ty,Ji kudrat; jj)
zoor.
Postmaster, diU?~4 ^j reis posta-
khdneh. Practice, j£- mashk.

Post-office, ail* ix-i posta khdneh. Praise, Uoju ta'areef.
Postpone,
kardan.
v., ^ >-*yy mowkoof Prank, i^> sheeveh.
Prawn, £~» maygoo.
eHj«j Prayer, U^ dud ; jLi nemdz.
Pot, deeg ; ijykoozeh.
Potash, cjU^-9 Italy db.
Preach, v., ^f^-3 va'az kardan.
Potato, kS^J seeb-i-zameeni. Preacher, Mj Mi
vd'iz.
Precedent, a*jJu mukadameh.

Potter, J^tjfkoozeliger.
Pour, v., ,.jxa£j reekhtan. Precious, ^f gerdn-, j-»-S
kaimati.
156 VOCABULAKY.
Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah. Presence, ^.a*. hezoor ; £y±j vejood.

Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh ; s+J&c mu- Present (not absent), Û. hdzir ;
kadameh. (from inferior to superior), i_i,l*y
Prefer, v., a\±
*^h tarjeelih ta'druf; J^J-ti 2) &eshkesh ; (su-
dddan. perior to inferior), old! iltifdt ;
Preference, •>=./ tarjeelih. (of money), ..Ui! ana' dm; (present

w
Preferment, JiJ turukki. tense), -vJU hdlieh; (at present),
Pregnant, yji-ol dbestan. 5)U. fraZa ,- (for the present), Jiio
Premium, ^tab pdddsh.

Preparation, e^lJo teddruk ; i-^ Preserve (jam), s., l^* murabbd.
tehieh. Preserve, v., ^\^ siJnegah ddshtan.
t
Prepare, v., ^>t> d,ljJ tedaruk dee- Press (squeeze), v., *j2J feshurdan ;
daw; ytj a.J tehieh kardan ; Û ^^jl iaua dwardan.

djj'
Q&jTlidzer kardan. Presume (imagine), v., ^ JU-^

YOCABULABY. 157
khidl kardan ; (be presumptuous), Pride, jj;/; ghroor.

a.
j essdr at kardan. Prince, shdhzddeh.
îjT&j^ .oljsli.
^^—?• jessdrat. Princelike, ajUli shdhdneh.

Presumption,
Pretence, «jjI# bahdneh. Princess, JU. *^lj«lii shdhzddeh hh.a-
Preternatural, sJs-\3 ui^-i. khaldf-i- num.

Tcaadeh. Principal (sum), J-.1 oslj (chief),
Prevail, v., ^J^ c-J^ ghdlib shit- ^-J, reHss.

dan. Print, «., ^^TujU c/wp kardan.
Prevent, v., cî^ j\>. bdz dashtan ; Printer, ^j^V chdpzan.
^j^, «iU mdn'e shudan.

Prison, ^r^- hubss ; gUij zenddn.
Previous, j~~j peeshter. Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.
Prey, J** sayd ; J&, shekdr. Privacy, eÛ. khalvat.
Price, o*s5 kaymat. Private, u»l> khdss; u>y*& makh-

sooss.
Priceless, o-o-S ,j bee Tcaymat.
158 TOCABTJLABY.
dashtan; &&\* va
^j&U jb bdz 1j
Privately, J& mukhfee; J\h j*
ddshtan.
dur penhdnee.
Project, s., s*]j\ irddeh.
'azeez dashtan.
Prize, v., ^\z jij* irddeh kar-
Probable, J^> mumkin.
[
Project, v., *f **\j\
dan.
Probability, J&\ imkdn.
tz~>z dusteh.
Promise, »J*j va'adeh; Jy kol.
Procession, da-
^ m " Promise, v., a *h f^j va'adeh
Procrastinate, v., &&J'\sf 3)ijA
dan; &&\& JjS kol
dddan.
rooz o fardd kardan.
Promote, v., a *\* turukki dddan.
Produce, &*j3 \ j> bar awardan;
v.,
JJ
kardan. Promotion, turukki.
^J^jttî zaher J>J>
Profit, £» nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.

Promulgate, v., a *\* ^j^ shuhrat
dddan.
Profitable, sJu> mofeed.
Pronunciation, fcaS talafuz.
Profound, j*** 'ameek.
Proof, J^-i daleel.
oif^* man
'
Prohibit, v., e kardan;

VOCABTTLABY. 159
Proper, l^*-^ drust ; L-—.U-* mu- Protector, ^.U. Titfmi.
ndsib. Proud, j^«* maghroor ; jSL> muta-

JU mal. kabir.
Property,
Prophet, jr**~> payghambar. Prove, v., ^^p lô^ sdbit kardan.
Proposal, i—flJ£>' takleef. Provender, jJ* 'aleek.
Propose,^., .«i>j k-ftJî' takleef kardan. Proverb, Ji* masal.
Proprietor, c_-a.U sahib ; eUU Provided, £XjL> beshart-i-kch.
malik. Province, oe^j veld yet.
Propriety, f^\t> shdyestigee.

{
Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari.
Prospect, Ja^c munzur. Provision, tjt±j zakhireh.

shart.
Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl. Proviso, \>jZ*
Prosperous, JU1 I? ba ikbdl. Provocation, ekys tahreek.
Protect, v., ^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar- Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj£
dan. ^f tahreek kardan.
160 VOCABULARY.
Provoker, is),** muhank ; jt± an- Punishment, a~jj tanbeeh;

geez. sidssat.
Prudence, cû haseerat ; ^jLi* Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.

Purchase, s., Joî. Jchareed.
hoshydri.
Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HL
Purchase, v., ^J^p- Ichareedam.
Purchaser, Ichareed.ar ; ^jj^**
Public (the), s. ^m. pie
j\ Joî.
Puff out, mushtari.

v., ^/ly foot hardan.
Pull, v., s^lcasheedan. Pure, tiU *«/; j^L sddeh.
Pulley, â. cha/rkh. Purgative, Jf-~» mus-liil.
Pulpit, ^~u muriba/r. Purify, v., (jjj/'iJ'wi sdf hardan.
Pulse, ^ nabz.
Tcadoo.
Purple (crimson),
(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.
,j\^-j\ drghawdni;
Pumpkin, j>>S"
Pun, -lajl iliam. Purport, i_Jlu matlab.

Puuisb, «., ^^Sâ-^" tanbeeh hardan. Purpose, ji_âio
mahsood.
TOCABULAET. 101
Purse, i^S"keese% ; ^jS"keef. Quadruple, J/JLjl-a-*. chehdr muka-

Pursue, v., ^yîs. 'aliab kardan. bil.
Push, v., $4$j ui-j peesh randan. Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.
Put, v., {^\J^ guzdshtan ,• Û 5 ne- Quality, jIjju mikddr.

hadan. Quantity, ^1
Jiu mikddr.
Putrefy, v., g&xS'gandeedan. Quarrel, *«»U* murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa.
Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh. Quarter, q rub'e ; i^ ; U*- chehdr-
Puzzle, v., yj^T J\ri^- hay ran kar- yeky or d,U chdrek.
dan. Queen, a^L> malakeh.
. Q Quell, v., £,$£ \s^*\~> sdkit kardan.

Quench (fire), ^.^TjiÛ. kharno
Quadrangle (court), oU hay at ; kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3 £.9,
(square), /ijj*
muraba. ra/'e tishnagi kardan.
Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd. Question, Jj£- soo-al.
162 VOCABULARY.
Quick (speedy), J^J tund ; (living), Rabbit, <J»fj» khargoosh.
â.
ha'i ; »JJj zendeh. Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.
Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak ; ty-â. je e- Raddish, aa-y torubcheh.
veh-
Radiance, Ji^jj roshndee.
Quiet, J,1 dram.
Rafter, ^j teer.
Quilt, t—»U lahdf.
Rag, a^j peeneh.
Qaince, jj beh.
Railing, j^* ma'jur.
Quit, v., ^^J>[tarlc Cardan.
IN Railway, ^\i\, rdh-i-dhen .
Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh. Raiment, y-U lebas.

Quotation, J£i mtH. Rain, ^l bar an ; J^j^ barish.
Quote, v., zf^& nuTcl kardan.
Rain, ^J^ bdreedan.
Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazahh.
R Raisp, v., Îjjj bar ddshtan.
Rabbi, *U.«. khdkhdm. Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.
TOCABULAET. 1G3
Ram, Ji l irc meesh. Rash, l»l>1 j> bee ihtidt.

Ramble, ^J^. sayr kardan. Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..
Ramrod, a~-« sunbeh. Raven, t\) zdgh.
Rancid, ***£ tukhmaee. Raw, J.U. kham; tali ndpookhteh.
Rancourous, i^'keenehee. Ray> jilrf porta

Random, ,J^\ itifdki. Razor, (j*—^ AJ teeî daldki.
Rank, ^li sha'an. Reach, v., âjL, o— j dust resdnee*
Ransack, ^^/"c^lc ghdrat kardan. dan.
Ransom, a> ji
fadiyeh. Reach, s., u-j Lr~—> dust rus.
Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund. Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh.
Rapier, sÎjJ kaddreh. Read, v., Âilî. khdndan.
Rare, t->'o Skam yah. Readily, JÎj bdmayl.
Rascal. t&\j p\j*. hardm zadeh. Ready, ^L. lulzer.
Rascality, u5^1j »\^ hardm zddehgee. Ready-cash, JJii nukd.

164 VOCABULAET.
Real, J' hdkeeki. Recall, v., Â~& j^ baz talabeedan.
Really, hakeekatan. Recede, v.. <j£>j>. bargasMan; ^Sj^

{:}
Realm, ^=Jl*-o mamlakat. bdzgashtan.

Heap, v.,- o^Jj^ ^ er0 kardan.
Receipt, J*-, raseed ; ^> kubz.
Rear (bring up), v., a <kj%i parvaree- Receive, ^J> giriftan ; ^^Tj^J ka-
dan; (as a horse), ^L~il Ijj^j bool kardan.
bardopd istddan. Recent, sjl; tdzeh.
Eeason (mind), Jae akl ; (proof), Recite, v., ^^fjai nakl kardan.
JJa daleel. Reckon, v., ^-^.T'cjl-â. hissdb kar-
dan.
Rebel, J^_ yaghi.
Rebel, v., jjJw. .^V yaghi shudan. Recognise, v., cî.Li shendkhtan.
Rebound, v., c ^Tjb fraz gashtan. Recollect, v., â\>_ ydd kardan.
Rebuke, v., ±f *JJjj~>
sarzanesh Recommend, v., ^sf uV*- sefd-
kardan. resh kardan.
YOCABTTLAEY. 16;
Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi. Refer, v., c *j~ *+\j rdji' kardan;
Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy* îjj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan.

muzd ; olslC mukdfdt. Reflect (think), v., ^j^x-^ son
Reconcile, v., ^^b zJ^\ dshti dddan. dan.
Record, v., i>f^^4 suit kardan. Refrain, ^^JLT'o— j dust kasheedan.
Recover (get back), v., ÎjjIj bdz Refuge, «b pendh.
ydftan; (health), ^l lii shefd Refuge (to take), v., a ^\ *tj pendh
ydftan. awardan.
Rectitude, jJu» sidh rdstee. kabool nekar-
; jJ\J
( Refuse, v., ^J^ Jj-»
Red (crimson), j*J kirmiz; (scarlet), dan.
surkh.
ty Refute, ^J'^j rud kardan.
v.,
Reduce, v., ±f S^kam kardan.
Regard v., j&\* j>je- 'azeei
(esteem),
Reed, ^ nay. ddshtan; (look at), ±jfi& ne<jdh
Reel, £i3*b£ kaldfeh-nakh. kardan.
166 VOCABTTLAEY.
iMiram. Regulate, v., C )'ib *~e£tanzeem dadan

Regard (esteem), fir^ kd-
*li* -i^ kd'im makdm; ^^V Regulation, sJ^V§ kd'adeh; ^y^
Regent,
noon.
ja-nesheen.
Reign, s., oJJL- sultanat.
Regiment, ~y foj.
^.aôâLi sultanat
/car-
Reign, v.,
Region, ^V naivdliee. de- dan.
'Register, s.,>»o daftar (pL>l»a
Rein, jl».
o-»«> dust-i-jelo.
bater) .
subt kardan. Relate, v., c-iT J 55 ^ w7cl kardan;

Register, v., &*f*z4
^jdfsj*
kisseh guftan.
Regret, u->~^ afsooss.
d«s7i- Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kardan.
Regret, v., ^sib ^-j-il a/sooss
deen l-*»J* muzhab.
ian. Religion, &a ;
6« kd'adeh. Relish, tj*

muzzeh.
*J*te ^
Regular,
Rely, v., jj^-U
atefcl itakad dashtan.
mo' dfik-i-ka' a-
Regularly, sOÛ jsl^ JoL mandan.
Remain, v.,
deli.
VOCABTTLAEY.
167
Remainder, ^st bdki. Repair (mend), â^S" ta'ameer
Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab. Cardan.
Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; »,L. chdreh. Repairs, oj^w ta'ameerat.
Remember, ^b
at ydd ddshtan.
Repeal, v., ^^Tjtt 6a£ e £ A:arf7<>>i.
Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir), Repeat, «., ^pTjl i« 3 guftan ; j\jZj

^tat yddgar,
v^ftikrar kardan.
Remind, v., at y#d mvardan
^jl ;
Repeatedly, ^^C mukarar.
ij-tf u^'^' - ydddveri kardan. j^
Repent, v., Î^JLj peshimdn
Remissness, cJisc. ghiflat. shudan.
Renew, v., ^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed kar- Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.
dan.
Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.
Renounce, v., ±fJCA inkar kardan. Replete, Û-» mamlu.
Rent (fissure), dU. c/iafc ;
(bire), Reply, ^lâ- jawab.
ijdreh; a^kerdyeh. Report, j*± khabar ; cjî. shuhret.
-s.
S,
168 VOCABULARY.
Repose, v., ^f eô.1^.1 isterahat Request, v., *f u8*!?* kha'hesh

kardan. kardan.
Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\ Request, s., (ji*^ kha'hesh.

dsoodegee. Require, v., ^\j± khdstan.
Represent (expose), v., sfj\&>\ iz- Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.

hdr kardan. Rescue, oU nejdt.
Reprieve, oU* mulilat. Rescue, v., ^b oUs nejdt dddan.
Resemblance, oaI~£> shebdhat.
Reproach, d «5j &&> ta'aneh zadan.
Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. shebdhat
Reprove, v., sf J^)j~> sarzanish
kardan. ddshtan.
Reptile, ; jjU. janiver. Reside, v., ^^b U£- suknti ddshtan.
abroo i^-mIj nd- Residence, <J^~* musken.

Reputation, )j>\ ;
mooss. Resign, v., ^^b U~~*l isteefd dddan.
Reputable,^** md'taber. Resin, *£j1 angum ; y>~>

sakkaz.
YOCABTTLABY. 169
Resist, v., &*/ jTs^li-jl istadigee Retail, J^jj *i>j* khoordeh feroo-
Tcardan. shee.
Resolve, v., &&/],[? kerdr giriftan. Retain, v., ^\ bar
ddnestan. gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ murdja'at
Respectable,^*- mo'taber. kardan; (give back), & &U ^ pus
Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ; \j~*> isterd- 1
dddan.
hat. Reveal, ^f\J&\ dshkdreh kardan.
intikdm.
o=»l; rdhat Tcardan.
^j Revenge, *taal
Rest, v,
Rest (support), aS3 tekieh. Revenue, oUU mdlydt.
Review, ^L sdn.
Result, istP nateejeh. s.,
Resurrection, o5 L_-a.U. sdhib doiclet.
Revolve, v., ^Jj^S" gardeedan. Riddle, U»u> muammd.

Revolver, aJy,^^ as'Lk tapdncheh Ride, r , ^J-i.^!^-. sawar shudan.
sheshlooleh' ee. Rider, j'^-i sawdr.
Reward, «., ^.sb pdddsh ; c>*».j ja. Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.
hak-i-zahmat ; -Uil ana' dm. Ridicule, j^sr** muskhareh.
Reward, v., ±\i -Uil ana? dm dddan. Right (not left), Li~-^ rdst ; (due),
Rhubarb (medecine), JiymJ rawand ; jp. liaklc.
(fruit), w°\y.j rivas. Righteous, jiJ-» sadeek ; ^j\xi si-
Rhyme, aJls kdfieh. ddkat.

Rib, «JJ^ dendeh. Righteousness, jSu> sidk.
Ribbon, j ly navdr. Rigid, oL. stf£ ; o^- 1
sakht.
Rice, J^j berinj ; (plain boiled) Û. Eing, «L. halkeh ; (of finger), _/^Jol
chelo ; (with sauce, &c), _jb pilo.
YOCABULAEY. 171
Ring, v., ^jîêbj zang kasheedan. Robber, &)& duzd ; (highway), tfAj
i-dj Z W- rdhzan.
Riuglet,
Kiot, Ifcjfe ghogha. Robbery, ^j^ diizdee.
raseedeh. Robe, Us kebd.

Ripe, jJu-jj
Rise, v., e^-.U.^j bar khdstan ; ^J^V Robust, J^lS tanomund.

pa shudan. Rock, jS'kamar.
shdh-teer.
Risk,^lai- khatar.
sli.
Rocket,^
shareer.
Rival, *-sjj». hareef. Rogue, ^j\ abash; j./>
River, ^ rood ; jjU.^ roodkhaneh. Roguery, c^fi sherarat.
Rivulet, ^3 Tiaîr. Roll (list), o-> fihrist; (of linen,
Road, i\j
rah ; *^V jddeh. &c), ^ looleh.
Roar, v., .>j */a

na'areh zadan. Roll (on the ground), r., ^V* ghal-
Roast, v., ^^\fkabab kardan. teedan ; (make a), Û Jj!

fooZeh
Rob, v., ^^ diczdeedan. safc/i&m.

172 VOCABULARY.
Rolling-pin, aj.s,j vardeneh ; <v^&. Rotation, ^sj'gardesh.

choobeh. Rough, jjj zibr ; cî,^ drusht.
Roof, t-ii-» sak'f ; *1j bam. Roughly, (j^j-i I? bd drushtee.
Rook, i.'Xf'keldgh. Round, ^S îrd ; j3 x» modavar ; (of
ul
Room, jU»jl otafe.
artillery), eUi sheleeJc.
Root (of a plant), ii^j reesheh ; (of
Row (line), «_»-» sw/; Wi. A'Tiai.
a matter), Jol dsl ; ^ beekh. Row (in a boat), v., *j jj/o paroo
Rope, Û—ij reesmdn.
Rosary, ^t-^J tasbeehh.
Royal, djLli slidhdneh.
Rose (ordinary), ~j~> jTgul-i-surkli;
Rub, v., ^JJU maZeecZan..
payvandi
(grafted), ^j^Jj-j-j ;
Rubbing, Û rndlish.
(monthly), j^j jT gul-i-rashti. Rubbish, Jli^l dshJchdl.
Rose-water, iS^giildb. Ruby, JJ Za'Z.
Rot, v., yJ~~>yr poosedan. Rug, *s?l» kdlicheh.

VOCABTJLAEY. 173
Ruin (building), *>[£. khardbeh ; Runner (footman), JoiL shdtir.
(destruction), khardbi. Rust, ebj zan^.

^j1>
Ruined, ^Jw. i-jlî.
khardb shudan ;
S
îjsf makhroob.
Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government), Sable (fur), mV"- sanjab.
o-j^. hekoomat. Sabre, j*Z-C> shamsheer.
Rule (lines), «., ^J^T k±. fc7ia£ fca- Sack, s., J^ jawdl.
sheedan ; (govern), ±jf \z~*>f*> Sack, i'., ^T £Û j Lî.lj tefcM o
hekoomat kardan. tdrdj kardan.
Ruler (for jX^-» musdar
lines), ; Sacred, ^-Ji- mukuddus.
(governor), *^=>^ hakim. Sacrifice, s., ^l?/ kurbdn.
Rumour, cî. shuhrat. Sacrifice, v., o'if ok/ kurbdn kar-

Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan ; ..^^ dan.
Sad, eU- x
diltang
174 YOCABULABY.
Saddle, &) zeen ; (pack), .^\j pdldn. Saliva, i-Jj £w/.

Safe, ^\ amn. Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.
Safely, ^-»^L. Ij bd saldmat. Salt, dUi nemek.
Safety, i»}L, saldmati. Salt-cellar, a \i eU5 nemek-dan.
Saffron, ^J&j za'aferdn. Salty, jy± shoor.
Sage (wise), Jsls- 'dkil. Saltpetre, *
;yi shooreh.
Said (aforesaid ),jj^J^ mazkoGr. Salubrious, JL sdlim.
Sail, ^W^ bddbdn. Salver, acj**« majma'eh.
Sailor, ,j^j» bahri. Salutation, salarn.
j«iL.
Saint, ^peer a^lj^Ll ; imdmzddeh. Salute, v., a &\a |»^L, saldm dddan.
Sake J>fkU. Jchdter. Same, j~+a,
l
hameen.
Sal-ammoniac, j
Û.J neshddur. Sample, *i^*i nemooneh.
Salary, t—-^.^ mawdjib. Sanction, *jl».l ijdzeh.
Sale, a-j bay ; j-^ feroosh. Sand, <j-U mdseh.
VOCABULABY. 175
Sandal, j,U. eharuk. Saving (frugal*, jljJl ^^j pus dnddz.

Sandal- wood, J*u- sandal. Savour, oJJ lizzet ; tj+
muzzeh.
Sanguinary, ^y£y» khoonkhdr. Saw, sj\

arreh.
Sap, ij>£>
sheereh. Say, v., ^giiftan.
-Sapphire, Jâjslj yakoot kabood. Saying, j\xfgvft dr.
±±sh ta'aneh. Scabbard, «—»"$£ gheldf.
Sarcasm,
Satin, u-itl atlas. Scafiblding, ^xj v>*- choob nabdi.
Sash, AzijS kamarband. Scale, a \jt^ meezdn.

Satan, ^Â 1 shaitan. Scar, eta ddgh.
Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet. Scarce, S" kam ; JJs kaleel ; ^f

o^^j
'
Satisfy, v., r5a1 kardan. kam-ydb.

klieess kardan. kahtee.
Saturate, v., o&J }t?» Scarcity, JaJ
Saucer, ^XJuo nd'albeki. Scare, v., Juil~>/ tarsdneedan.
Save, v., ^ta olsi wej«£ dddan. Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.

176 VOCABTTBABY.
Scatter, v., ^JÎj pdskeedan ; ^J& Scorch, v., ^3-. sookhtan.

v^fpakhsh kardan. Scorpion, i-ys- akrab.
Scent, y,
boo. Scoundrel, **\j*\j* hardmtddeh.
Scent, v., o^fy. boo kardan. Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.
Scholar (pupil), *j£=\2> sliagird ; (di- Scrape, v., ^j-il^. khardsTieedan.
vinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned Scratch, v., see scrape.
man), J* l-Û sahib VVni. Scream, v., ^j j**. jeek zadan.

School, ju-^jô madrasseh ; t_~iC Screen, a>yr pardeh.
malctub t_-^ hvmi
; (fellow), ^ Screw, g} peech.
maktub ; (master), J** mo'allem. Scribe, ^Kkdtib.
Science, Jic ilm. Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.
Scissors, i>)/* mikrdz ;
^si? kaychi. Sculpture, Îsi nakdahi.
Scold, v., i^f J*)j~> sarzanish kar> Scum, (-aTfea/.
dan. Sea, \)j& daryd.

VOCABULARY. 177
Seal, j4» rrmh'r ; (animal), 1 ; a eU Secure, ky«* mahfooz.

sag-i-daryd. Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.
^J'jt* muh'r kardan.
Seal, v., Sedition, ^Li fasdd ; *u» fitneh.
Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz. See, v., b)«*><s

deedan.
Search, v., â~a. justan ; if j*~*- Seed, j*s?
tukhm.
just ojoo kardan; ^\s*^ tafa- Seek, e ^~». justan.
hus kardan. Seem, v., ,j«>>*5 na?noodan ; Jui^»'.ii
zaTwr shudan.
Season, ^j* mowsam; J-as/us'Z.
Seat, cJ
i—ti Û. jdee neshestan. Seize, ^pfgirijtan.
Second (time), A,Jl> sdni-eh ; (posi- Seldom, JJ nudratan; jiSkamtar.
b'^,
tion), js_s duyum ; ^Jl?

sirct.
Select, v., ±f <-i\&\ intikhdb kar-
Secret, jl, r<£z. dan.
Sect, aAjU» tdyefeh. Select, p,p., ir^* muntakhib.

-adal kuta'e'h. Self, *ji. khud.
Section,
x
178 YOCABTTLABY.
Selfish, ir~->.> uji. khud doost. Separate, 1 J**,

judd.
Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.
Separately, o***^ eldhedeh; 1^*- !«**.
Send, v., ^\^ji feristddan. judd-judd.

Senior, ^
peer ; jSkebeer. Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.
Senna (drug), U- senna. Sepulchre, fifgoor.
Vi
Sense (feeling), y-a. hiss; (intellect) f Sequel, &J&A dkherat.

Jiit 'akl. Sequester, ^$f\>~i> zubt liar dan.
Senseless (wanting life), J^^. bee- Sergeant, ^£»l?
a
dah bdshi.
hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**? Serious (affair), *$* mohim; (person),
bee-ma'anee. j^L. sangeen.
Sent, s3\z~>j9 feristddeh. Serpent, j U mar.
Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret. See Serpentine, -£,L mdrpeech.
Mid-
Judgment. Servant, j&*£ noker ;
pÛ.
Sentinel, Û-b pdssbdn. dim.
VOCABULAEY. 179
Serve, v., ^sf^fy nokeri kardan ; Shake, v., c a\i ^Kj takdn dddan.
^^"oowXi. khidmat Jcardan. Shame, *jit
shurm ; L> hyd.
Service, \jj>y nokeri; o-J^- khid- Shameless, *jL ^ bee shurm ; W (_j
met. See 7iya.
Set, v., ^loT guzashtan ; ^jI^J ne- Shank, jL safe.
hddan. Shape, J£-i. shikl o-» hey at.

;
Settle, v., ^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan; Share, v., ±jiz~+~a kismat kardan.
(jail J^j}j5 kerdr guzashtan. Sharp, jJ teez.
Several, jo*, chund ; ^.J^- chun- Shatter, v. } $jT Sjî. khoord kardan
deen. Shave, v., ^J-i]/ terdsheedan.
Severe, ^.j-* sakht ; Jo j*£i shedeed. Shawl, Jli shdl.
Sew, yîji dookhtan. Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.
Shabby, ^*H». hakeer. Sheet, J-*^ shamad ; ii\» moldfeh.
Shade, 4jL» say eh. Shelf, *J Ik tdkcheh.

180 VOCABULARY.
Shell (fish), i_»J^ sadaf; (bomb), Shock (to give a), Îj ^Ki takdn
Sj\j
*». hhonvpdreh. dddan.
Shelter, *Uj pendh. Shoe, £iS'lcafsh ;
L (horse), JsJ na'ai ;
Shepherd, c;^»»- choopdn. (canvas), tyS'geeveh.

Sherbet, o^> sharbat. Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz.
Shield, j~* neper. Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>) zadan ;
Shiue, v., ^j^jIj tdbeedan ; ^Ju-1^ (to fire upon), ^jTjZ cUtf tufang
dara/c/iseedaw. dar kardan.
Shoot, s., As^-lii shdkhcheh.
Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz ;
j£S'~keshtee.
f
Ship, -y., yjj^Jâ. 7i,a?uZ

~kardan;j\i Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y wine),
^fbdr Jcardan. maykhdneh ; (apothecary's),
ails*-
Shiver, v., ^>jj larzeedan. ajU.j^ dawdkhdneh.

Shock, aoJwj sudmeh ; uj,.* 2iw&; ^K)'
Shore, *JS k endre h.
Short, t^jfkootdh.
YOCABTTLAKY 181
Shortly (in short), j^s." rrmkhtasser ; Shrewd, hoshyar.

^Li.^*
(presently), j^^ filfor ; 5H Shriek. See Scream.

dldn. Shrimp, £* maygoo.
Shrink, v., jJLT-* .> dar 7ium la-
Shortsighted, ^^kambeen. ;
Shot, a^.Li sachmeh. sheedan.
Shovel, Jrf &eel. Shroud, ^kajan.

Shoulder, jjI- shdneh. Shrub, &* booteh.
Shout, s., jb dad; jljl dvdz. Shuffle, v., &*j~*j> barhum zadan.
Shout, v., i/"j>b dad kardan ; jhjl Shun, v., ^.ip vUs&.l ijtendb kardan.
jjj^/'ai'az kardan; 2jT \j«, sedd Shut, v., c>i~j bustan.
kardan. Shy, J^- khijil.
Show, s., liLi' tamdshd. Sick, yiji-li ndkhosh ; Ju.j* mareez;

^? behdlat JJ* aleel
1
Show, v., ^^b ^llj nishdn dddan. o-! ; ;
Shower, yi/o bdresh. za'eef.

18S YOCABTJLABY.
Side, ^Jjo taraf; ^ pahloo. Signify, v.,

tan.
i^\^ i
a*+ ma'anee dash'
Siege, s^-ls* mohdssereh.

Silence, <S"J* U. khdmooshee.
Sieve, J^c gharbeel.
Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.
Sift, v.j ^^ beekhtan.
Silly, *^_j*j beehoodeh.
Sigh, xJjTi\ dh kesheedan. nukreh.
Silver, tj&
Sight,^lii nazar ; sfc negdh. Similar, J^L manend.
Sighted (short), ^.S' kambeen ;
Simple, sddeh.
*.>'•—
(dim), ^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug), Sin, »UT gundh.

^^jî doorbeen, Sin, i>., Lj>i/'»Ur5rz7jia7i, kardan.
Sign, ^li-3 nishdn ; u^«Û 'ilamat. Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choonkeh.
Signal, Sjlil ishdreh. Sincere, jÛ s«cZiA; ;

>_»L> .sa/.
Signature, f'uiol -iniza'.

Sincerity, i^5ljs-> seddkat.
Significant, _f
^* (
'o ba nza'anee. Sinful, ÎTsUS gondhkar.
YOCABUEALY. 1S3
Sing, ^J^y- khdndan. ; ^Jilî )W Sister, j*\y» khdher ; *î~»» ham-

dvdz khdndan. sheereh.
khdnendeh. Sit, v., c^—15 neshestan.

Singer, sJcJlji.
eiJ tak Situation, ^(C makdn.
Single, ; (unmarried), ^s*
mujurrad. Situated, *slj vake'.
Singular, &ju mufrad. Size, Ji kud ; *j1jj1

dnddzeh.
Sink, v., j*j 3} froo raftan ; j> Size (glue), J^ sereesh.

seekh.
a J£> ghurk shudan ; ^jj* ^°J* Skewer, ^s-i
Skilful, jjls fca&ik

ghooteh khurdan.
Sinless, «U£o beegondh. Skill, o-k^ kdbiliyat.
Sinner, JC*\£ gondh-kdr. Skin, s., o-_>i poost.
Sip, v., ^yiy»j* muzmuzeh kardan. Skin, v., xS'^->y, poost kandan.
Sir, L_*&.L» sahib. Skirt, ^b damen.
Sirup, fj*^ sheer eh. Skulk, v., J-i ^W^ penhun shudan.
184 VOCABULARY.
Sky, Û-.] asmdn. Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan.
Slack, tj>— sust.»

Slide, s., tj^Ju shurshureh.
Slacken, v., ^fiz~~~> sust kardan. Slight. See Slender.
Slap, ^^L-i
seelee. Slime, ^ lejjen.
Slaughter, Ji» kutl. Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.

Slave, j.iU gholam. Slip, v., &&_$ laghzeedan.
Slay, v., ^îfkushtan. Slip, s., ^pî! laghzesh; (of a plant),
Sleek, *>j furbeh. Js kalam ; (of the pen), *l»j«-
Sleep, s., vl}» khdb. sah'v-i-kalam.
Sleep, v., ^j-olji. khdbeedan. Slippery, JJ Zeez.

Sleeplessness, ^[5-*^ beekhdbee ; Slit, v., ^pte. shakdftan.
Îjuj beeddree. Slow, ai~j»1 dhisteh ; ^y. yavdsh ;
Sleeve, ^t^] asteen. jSkund.
Slender, ek,U bareek. Slowly, <vi~jb1 dhisteh.
VOCABULARY. 185
Jp tunbul. Smite, v., &j

zadan ; ^^koobee-
Sluggard,
dan.
Sly, hJ^j zeereJc.
Small, eUjTfciicTiefe ; ^y- khoord. Smith (black), fi*\ ahenger ; (gold),
Sinallness, J^fkoochekee. jQ zargar.
Smallpox, Jbl ableh. Smoke, Jj^ dooci ; Û-s dukhdn.

(P ain )> u£j*» sooxesTi. Smoke dood
Smart, j/^« ; (chimney), v., *j~ dj-a
Smear, v.. ^Û maleedan. Tcai'dan ; (tobacco), ^J^lfkashee-

Smell, «.,_}>
feoo. dan.
Smell, v., o^y. boo Tcardan. Smooth, (_il<» saf.
W _ I
Smile, s., ~~3 tabassum; Jâ-t-J Smother, v. , zf&* khufeh kardan.

lubkhund. Snare,-b dam; j^kamand.
*
Smile, v., *J>
tabassum kar- Snake,jU mar.
p~~3
dan ; yjif Ji±.t_J lubkhund Tcar- Sneeze, a ^f^s- 'atseh kardan.
v.,
dan. Snipe, j^di nukderuz.

186 VOCABULARY.
Snore, v., Sjfj»j± khurkhur tar- Sock, ^jyt- jurdb.

dan. Soda, vUi kalidb.
Snout, >jyr poozeh. Sofa, c.Q neemkat.
Snow, s., (_*j> barf. Soft, (•/
nurm.
Snow, v., ^Jo^ ±Jj> barf bareedan. Softly, «-»*! ahesteh.
Snuff, sJ6\ dnfieh. Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI aloodeh kardan.
Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn. Soil, s., elU. khdk ; ^j zameen.
So, t^*** humcheen; £_>*** hum Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.
choon. Solace, v., zJTL3 tasali kardan.
Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan. Sold, <^jy ferookhteh.

Soap, e)^^ saboon. Solder, ~J laheem.
Sober, jL^» hoshyar. Soldier, jU^ sarbaz.
oaM bd Hifat. Sole (only), Wi" tanha.

Sociable, lj
Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.

laai
Solely, fakat.
VOCABULAET. 187
Solicit, v., ^ J^y* khdhesh kar- Song,

Soon,
»jl_j1
avdzeh.
zood ; be zoodee S*?
dun. Jjj ^^>jy. ;
J^* munjamid. jald.

Solid,
lukineh.
$yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.
A«ii!
Solve, v., Sop,
Sometime, j*j eb yek vakti. Sorcerer, J^^ jddooger.
Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; »\fs\fgah-gdh. Sordid, cU» tamd\
Somewhere, J^jd-ee. Sore, «&j zakhm.
Son, s~j pesser ; Jjjj? jarzand ; Jj Sorrow, ^ gharri ; ^jjf^ dilgeeree ;
valad ; (grandson), sy neveh ; (of sjjil andooh.
Adam), -.si beni Adam; (of Sorry, dl^c- ghamnak ; j£}± dil-
^/i
a king), t&\)
»^> slidh-zddeh ; (of a geer.
nobleman), ameer-zddeh ; Sort, rakkam ; ^r^. jins ; jy*.

it>\) j#>\ fj
-il>?t voahhad joor ; cy no'e; *~5 ktssm; a3^
(only), J^-j tf>1 ; (in-
law), .sLta ddmdd. gooneh.

1S8 VOCABULARY.
Sought, »juJl» talabeedeh ; ljÎL* Span, »—^j vajab.

mutloob. Spangle, eU_^ jmlak.
Soul, -jj rooh ; \*.jdn. Spark, sj\j jUl atesh par eh ; £j*
Sound, 1j-» seda; \z>y>
sot. cherekeh.
Soup, shorbd ; oi^Tl dbgoosht. daraJchaheedan.
\>jyi> Sparkle, v., ^Jy-li^,^
Sour, J±j tursh. Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.
Source &+£-* cheshmeh
(water), ;
Speak, v., ^fguftan ; ^j <—i^*. harf
(origin), J->1 asl. zadan.
South, <->y+ jenoob.
' Spear, sjJ nayzeh.
1
Sow, ^f z era at Tcardan

v., \sss\j) ;
Special, yej^s viakksooss.
ij^X kdshtan. Species, ^^^ jinss ; p~5
kissm.
Space, Ui fezd ; o»-ij vusaat. Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.

Spacious, a~-j vusee'. Speck, iLiii nuHeh; A3 lekkeh.
Spade, J* beel. Spectacle, liUi' tamdshd.

YOCABULAET. 189
Spirit, rookJi.
Spectacles, <2k*c'aynek. £.<}j
zebdn. Spirited, o^c »_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat.

Speech, a \ij
Speed, aisP 'ajaleh ; i-jIsA shetdb. Spiritless, #*£ beejdn.
Speedily, us&jj> be zood.ee ; l$±^> be Spiritual, ^^jj rohdnee.
tundee. Spirits, j*y± johar ; (out of), iU.> ^
bee-demagh.
Spell, v., ^^fiLl im la Icardan.
>--> seekh.
Spit (for roasting),
Spend, ±fi-»j* sarf Icardan; ^J»
v.,
*jfkharj Icardan. Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ tuf kardan.
Spice, &i)$\ advieh. Spite, xJfkeeneh.
Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot. Spittle, \J& tuf.
Spill, v., j&j reekhtan. Splendid, Jia. jalleel.
Spin, v., ^j rustan ; Û bdftan. Splendour, JÛ jellal.
Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj. Split, v., ^Ki shekdftan.

Spoil, s., o,le gharat.
Spiral, j^î peechdar.
190 TOCABULAEY.
Spoil, v., ^sj ±)\j± kherdb kardan ; Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y farsh
^j/^jU zaye' kardan. kardan.
Sponge, ^1 dbr. Sprightly, c —^chust; elYU. chdldk.

Spoon, j^W kdshook. Spring (season), jV+4 behdr ; (of
bdzi *
Sport (games), ^jjl ; (fun), water), <« ,
^ cheshmeh.
j^y^ shookhi ; (chase), J& she-
Sprinkle, v., ^JÛ ptisheedan.
kdr. rooeecZan.
Sprout, v., cjJ'-jjj
Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri. Spurs, j-**-> mahmeez.
Spot, JU. khdl ; Aim nukteh ; a^J Spurious, t_Ji fraZb ; J«a. ja'al.
lekeh.
Spy, s., (_hjÛ. jdssooss.
Spout, *!_jl
looleli.
Spy, v., g^^^-j'-a-jassoossee Arardan.
Sprain, v., ^J^. el^ ^rag-berag shu- Squadron, alL, ressaleh.
dan. Squander, v., c $jT <*j\jj\ israf kar-
Sprain, uif^ peechesh. dan.
VOCABTJLAET. 191
murubba' Stagnant, ».>1=~j1 istddeh.

Square, £ij*
; i^j^ê* <*,
chehar goosheh. Stain, ixJ lakkeh.
i
Squeeze, v., *j^2J feshdrdan. Staircase, A>pelleh.
askail. Stake (wood), meefc7i ; (at play),
Squills, Jjfl-il
£.
Squint, s., Jjja.1 ahval. shurt.
Lî.
Squint, v., ^y. J[y»-1

ahval budan. Stale, ai^ kohneh ; (victuals), *iLA
Stab, v., &&) tjV Tcdrd zadan ; j*^ shuhdneh.

$j khanjar zadan. Stalk, jL safc.
Stable, s., A*^ taveeleh. Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.
Stamina, a~j bunyeh.

Stability, <jj^\ paiddree.
Jcharman. Stammer, v., ^J? &Uj zebdn gvrif-
Stack, ^j^
Staff, L~£ 'asd. tan.
Stamp, v., ij zadan.

Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee.
muh'r.
Stage, j£* sakoo. Stamp, s.,j*»
192 VOCABULAET
istadan (up), State (condition), cJU. hdlat ; J1_H

Stand, v., gds-tl ;
dhwdl ; Jl» hal ; (rank), *3j*

^j^b pasheedan.
Standard, JJ^> baydak.
martubeh; (pomp), JÛ- jelldl;
Star, istdreh. (in this state of affairs), o)W*y
Starch,
Jjlx-il
jl_^-IJL-j nishdsteh ; j\
— »1 dor een hdlat ; (affairs
of state),
cXUj^l dmoor i mamlakat.

dhdr.
Station, jC~» muskun ; J^ munzul ;
Starling, j L» sar.
&& makdn.
Start (to begin journey), ^1»1 »b j5y murkaz ;
Stationary, «.il=~jl istddeh.

rah uftadan ; (from sleep), ^-Ajp-j\
dz kh'db burjustan. Stationer, ^jj &K kaghaz feroosh.

,-^r-j )
Startle (for terror), v., ±f p ram Statue, **~*° mojussameh.
kardan. Stature, JJol anddm.
Starve,v., d a f.
az guresnegee Statute, y\s kanoon.
j^-J^
murdan. Stay, v., ^JjU mancZan.
TOCABULAEY. 193
Us bejd. Steward, Û nazir.

tead (instead of ), j>f- avaz ;
U* 'assa.
teadfast, ^ kayem.
duzdxedan.
Stick, ujj*. c/ioob
Stick, v., o^w*

;
chaspeedan.
teal, v., c;Jo-ij«i
team, j&. bukhdr. Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,
teel, ^y fooldd. Stiff, o^" safcfrt , is-*- s<f*.
Stifle, v., c ,j/'"i» t/ia/a kardan.

teep (downhill), y„;^- sarazeer;
(uphill), %_,->
sarabdld. Stifling, aii. khafa.
baz.
•tench, »jj j^j^ &oo-ee gandeedeh ; Still, 3^» henooz ; j\>
ajjo badboo. Stillness, ^1,1 drdmi.
tep, ,.Ji
kadam j (of promotion), Stimulate,"!'., cr^l angeekhtan.
a»y.> derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of Sting, s., u~> wees7i.
staircase), aL pelleh. Sting, v., cj>>j J~> *««& sadan.
Step, v., ^JT +J3 kadam giriftan. Stingy, ij-^keniss.

Stink. *See Stench. o
5 tew, ^^ yakhni.
194 VOCABTJLAET.
*» fclFntm.
Stipulate, v., a Aj\ji> shart kardan. Stoop, s.,
shart. Stop, v., âla-il

istadan ; a M\*
Stipulation, )*ju
harakat Tcardan. mdndan.
Stir, v., ^_f^r- aWs nukteh.
Stop, s ,
Stirrup, yJCj rehab.
Store, ,U1 dnbdr.
Stock (of a gun), J\<MS konddk.
Stork, jld lukfoik.
Stocking, u!; j» jurab.
Storm, Ûjt to/So.
Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),
Story (narrative), oi^- hekdyat
;
ijtp JU mal-i-duzdee. a *&> taba-

shakam. Jai wtifcl ; (of bouse),
Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; ^>
keh.
Stone, dL- scmgr.
Stove, ijj\&,
bukhdri.
Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh.
Stout, j J*s katoor ; (strong), \>y±>
Stood, sÎi-jJ istadeh.
mazboot.
Stool, *i^jW charpayeh.
khum shudan Straight, o-j, rast ; (in a straight
Stoop, v., o^ (*"
-
YOCABULABY. 1D5
line), m««< !** bekhut-i-musta- Street, j^jT koocheh.

keem. Strength, jjj zoor ; oy koovat.
Strain. See Squeeze and Sprain.
Strange, t_-i^ ghareeb ; l-^s* ajeeb.

Strengthen,
Icardan.
v., *f ^ muhkam
Stranger, »— o^ ghareeb ; m'Cj bee Stretch, v., ^^kasheedan.
gdneh. Strict, j^ dakeek.
Strangle, v., ^^T^wa. khufeh kardan; Strictly, e^l? bddik'at.
^ji ^ geloo giriftan. Strife, a!Û* mujddeleh.

Strap, s*~J tusmeh. Strike, v., *j zadan; ^J^^koobee-
Stratagem, <sL» heeleh. dan ; ^ykuftan.
Straw, s^kdh. String, Û—i, reesman.
Strawberry, ^'ij
'
\z>y tooti frangi. Strip (make naked), v., ^ u>J
Stray, v., zf S'^j rah gum Icardan. lukht kardan.
Stream,^ nahr. Strive, v., O ^f,j^^kooshesh kardan.
196 "VOCABULARY.
Stroke, s., ^j^ zurb. Subject, o~£, rtfaxjet ;

aIL £ab'e.
Stroke, v., ^JÛ maleedan. Sublime, ^Jl* a'ah'.
Stroll, v., ^3j J^^f garddsh raftan. Submission, c>*U»l itd'at.

Stroll, s., ^zjfgardash. Submissive, /di* mutee'.
Strong, ^y kavee. Subsequent, Jw ha' ad.
Struggle, v., îjTjâj J+jadvajalid Substance, oli z#£.
hard an. Substantive, «-.! -mn.
Stubborn, j~»sy» khudsar. Substitute, v., cJ ^/'ji J-i' tabdeel kar'
dan.
Stuff", s., A^,b parcheh.
Stuff, v., &<**& chapeedan. Substitute, s.n^t^\^. jane sheen; <j>^
}
ahmak ; &j~> safee.
avaz.
Stupid, j^-1
Stumble, v., ^j sar-i-sum raf- Subtract, v., ^J'l^, minha kardan.
p*r>
oifjjJJJ zeer ° ro ° ^ ar
'
tan. Subvert, v.,
Stvle (in writing), *lii1 insha. dan.

VOCABULARY. 197
iJ^» medad. Suit (of clothes), a=-».i dusteh.

Succour,
Such (as this), e>s*"> hamcheen; c^- Suit (agree), v., ^L f*\>
bdhum
chaneen ; (as that), o^** ham- saklitan.
chendn ; ^
chenan. Suitor, j>j
y
s. 'ariz.
Sudden, sfc'li
ndgdJi.
Sulphur, tfj? googird.
Suddenly, Uai ghijlatan.
Sultan, ÛiLj sultan.
Suffer, v., *f\y+sc taliamul kardari; Sultry, ai> Ichufeh.
yj£ jj* zarar Tcasheedan.
(loss), Sum (of money), £* mublugh;
u J^ 4^ kafi shudan.
Suffice, v., yL* hessdb.
(arithmetic),
&3 kund; (unrefined), J2>
Sugar,
Summer, Wo tubistan; (crops),
sheker ; (candy), oU3 nabdt ;
iu-o sayfee.
(plums), JS3 nukl; (cane), J^~>
Summit, sKkelleh.
ney-i-sheker.
Suggest, v., ^b »j^1 ishdreh dadan. Summon, s., .j±~& talabeedan.
198 VOCABULAEY.
Sun, vUl dftdb ; JJ^,^- kliursheed ; Suppose, -u., ^jTyl^Tg email kardan.
(disk of), v-jUjI
voj kurs-i-dftab
>
Suppress, v., ^jfj^ makhfi kardan.
(worshipper), o--^ v^l dftdb Sure, v., (^ yakeen.
parest; (exposed to), ^ i->l»1 dftab Surety, Û zdmin.
roo; (beam), i_>U!y^j part d-i-dftab; Surface, jj roo.
t-jksl
(flower), ^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),
Surgeon, — 1^. jarrahh.
vial c^lt teloo' -i-dftdb ; (set), «^«^
Surname, t-Jil lakkab.
Surpass, v., cî. XTguzasMan.

Superb, *iic 'azeem.
zdyid. Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.
Superfluous, Jolj
Superintendent, J*\i ndzir. Surprise, v., $y v*?*^ muta'ajib

sham. kardan.
Supper, |.Ll
Support (endure), Û is*llt tafcai Surprised, v., ^f^^ ta'ajib kar-

dan.
199
TOCABTTLAET.
kardan.
o ^/^3j^J ar00h
i^f^ tasleem dddan. Sweep,
-
v.,
Surrender,^,
Sweet, shireen.
Surround, v., aif'j-^ muhdssereh ,j>.j^>
kardan.
kardan.
Swell, v., a*f?ji varam
Swift, J^j' tund.
Survey, v., paymoodan.
o*3**i
Swim, ^fy^ sheno kardan.
Surveyor, j~~> momayiz. dbrak.
burdan; Swing, (2)^1
Suspect,v., a &ji ^Sgeman
Switch, &) tarkeh.
tf&U Aji shubheh dashtan.
Suspicion, a lS gemdn ; ^ shubheh. Swoon, ,J& ghush.
ghush kardan.
bar dashtan. Swoon, v., ±fj*
Sustain,jA^ji shamsheer ; (rapier)
chelchelleh. Sword, jfM.a.
Swallow, s., A^J* '*
kuddreh.
Swallow, v., &*/. }J froo burdan. ij\j3
Swamp, cjb^> murddb. Symbol, c^>ê ilamat.

Swear, ^jy- kassam khurdan. Symptom,jUi dsdr.
v., f* hum mani.
Sweat, Jj* arak. Synonymous, ^j** f*
200 YOCABULABY.
WW
Syringe, djJjl dbdozek. iara/ dari kardan ; (by the hand),

System, ^yls kcinoon. ô-J dust giriftan.
Tale, a-»9 kisseh; t^-oK^. hikdyat;

T.
^l^ta da stun.
Table, mee«; (cloth), >/-» sufreh,;
j~. Talent, o-lls kdbeleeyat.
(to lay a), v., ^J-^- 8,.*— sufreh
Talisman, -JJ» telism.
cheedan.
Talk, jj v-j/a. 7mr/ zadan.
Tablet, ts£ takhteh.
Talker, v-J^ hardf.
Tail, -^ dura.
Tall, jJb buland.
Tailor, tUi. khdyydt.
Tallow, Jbj
pee.
Take, v., ^J^ giriftan *j bur.
;
clan; (away), ^s&lo^ barddshtan ; Tally, s., Wi.y^. choobkhut.

mukdbil shudan.
(care of ), C,J^> l_-U ^» moiuazib shu- ySZ' Jjû
,
Tally, v.,
dan; (the part of), ^T Û-^t Tambourine, *j\s ddyereh.

V0CABT7LAEY. 201
ram. ^ffXfgandum goon.

Tame, adj., ^ Tawny,
oUL mdliat
Tame, v., ^L. p\j
ram sdhhtan. Tax, ;
^> baj.
Tan, v., o^f ^^ dubdghee hardan. Tea, Û- c7iai.
Tank, <je>y- hoz. Teach, v., ^b ak 3/^ dddan; ^y»\

Tantamount, JÛ. mo'adil. dmoolcMan.
Tear (a rent),
dl* c7i«fc.
Tar, a \J*£ kaytrdn.
fcardan.
Tarantula, Jjj rotel. Tear, w., ej^â^ra
Tart (acid), J»J tursh. Tear, s., eli\ ashfc.
Taste, v., J~^- chesheedan. Tears (to shed), ^j eli! osfc*
Taste, s., *> muzzeh.

Tattler, ^^ sahhan cheen.
Tease v., ^f^>i^
.Hi
dziet Jcardan.
_
Taught, J«* muta'alim. U d ljj^ denddnhd.

zadan. Teeth,
Taunt, v., o-sj <^*1> ta'aneh
doorbeen.
Tavern, <ulit« mayTchaneh
Telescope, ^jo
202 VOCABULARY.
Tell, v., ^h/gujtan; ±f ^ nukl Tenant, ^f^— mustajir.

kardan;
kardan. Tend, v., o^T J^ nww/2
^j> JjL mayil boodan.

Temerity, j»\z~S gostakhi.
Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji»
khulk ; Tender, a., e)jl>
nazwfc ; o^ n ^ e"
(good), jli \J>f- khosh kliulk ; ween ; */ nurm.

Jo bad klioo. Tender, s.,
*-JJ& takleef.
(bad), y-
Temperament, o*~k tabee'at; ^> Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat.
tube' Tendon, ^ 'pay.
Temperate, Jj^-«-« moHadil ;
^.5U Tenour, &y*** mazmoon.
molayem. Tent,jÛ chadur; (to pitch a),j^W
chadur zadan ; (to take down
Temple, Ss^> musjed. yj
ighva kardan chadur kandan;(yo\e),

Tempt, v., a if^ ; a), jjfj*\*.
meekh.
Temptation, \^\ ighva. &j* derek ; (pegs),
ibdret.
^
Tenacious, ^" mussir. Term, cÛt
203
YOCABTTLABY.
Thank, ^ta^ shukr dadan.

j^^> khatm v.,
Terminate, v., f^ shendss.
Thankful, u-Ui J*- fcwfc
sakhtan; ^jl r ^ *J be injam
Thankfulness, îi tashukur.
awardan.
That, dew. pro., 1 aw (vulg., oon) ;
Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.

Terrible, 12)
U>». holndk.
(that which), ^ I ancheh; (seeing
cTuxm; (that is to say),
tursdneedan. that), ejj*-
"Terrify, v., ^J^^y order that),
jju ya'anee; (in
Territory, eiU milJfe.
b' id.
Terror, of3 turss ; o^»j
vahshat.
Thaw, r., ^J^ <^ #° shudan.
Test, Û*^ imtihdn. ajU. liUi' tamaslid khaneh.
Theatre,
Testify, v., ^l-
5 i^W^ sheliadet
dddan Theft, l5^-s duzdee.

Themselves, ^>^ khudishan.
Text (original), JJ dsl ; (verse), *J
Then (- that time), taSyl dnvakt ;
<zye7i.
Than, jl «».
204 VOCABTJLAET.
Thence (= from that place), \d\J\ Thing, jjj*

cheez.
dzdnjd. Think, «., ^.s^" J'-» fefrwzZ Tcardan ;
There (= that place), Uil anja ^sjiLi jol dwleesheh Tcardan.
(vulg., oonja).
Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.
Thereabouts (= in those places),
Thirsty, <uio tishneh.
\s*\j?\jS derail] (ilia.
This, j^l een,.
Therefore, \X£ lehaza ; ^jl^la bend-
her an. Thorn, ^li.
A-7ior.
Thick, vizis'
kulufb ; ssS'gundeh. Those, l#1 dnhd (vulg., oonlia).
Thief, *j& duzd. Thou, y to.
Thigh, gjlj
ran (vulg., roon). Though, ja.J\ igerclxeli.
Thimble ailsiiol
angooshtdneh. Thought, JLs. fc7i/i<«£ ;
^j _^fcr.
Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a Thoughtful, JZ'ku mutafeker.
stick), dojL bdreek (liquid), ,- Thoughtless, JW-î bikhidl.
&fjrakeek; (lean), j&^ lugher. Thousand, J^y* hezdr.
205
VOCABTJLABT.
J^ s7iaZafe zadan. Throw, t\, ÎjJI dndakhtan.

Thrash, t\, o^j
Thrush, tfy
toofea.
Thread (end), Û-jj reesmarii (of
Thumb, ^jj>. v-i^l dngusht buzurk ;
conversation), a^> rishteh.

oâi ehast.
Threat, o^" tahdeed.
ra'ttd.
Thunder, J*,
Threaten, r., ^/ *.*' ta/uZeed
Thus, &/* chome&n,} ^ff» ham-
ka/rdan.
chuneen.
Three, *-» seh. dddan.
*ils-»l dstdneh.
Tickle, v., d ab J *-5 dughldk
1
Threshold,
Tide (flood),
J- mud; (ebb), j>>
Throat, jJfgeloo.
jazr.
Throne, is**? tuM&
Tidings, j-» khabar ; (glad), «•>>
sotr-a-sar ; }1
az j (to
Through, ,-1^- rav.zhdeh.
pass), ÂJfguzasMan.
« 2avat Tie, cr-^ tustan.
i'.,
Throughout, >1 tt
J^ <(*
Tier, &^ tabakeh.

dicker.
206 VOCABULARY.
Tiger, j*> babr. Tissue, <~i^>j)

zar baf.
Tight, eb3 tang. Tithe, el* a dali yek.
Tile, JUj^, sufal. Title, t-Ji! lakab.
Till, Is
ta; 4^.1" £dfce7i. Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghileTi
Timber, i->j* choob. or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.
Time, o$j uafci. Toe, b o-ôl angusht i pa.

Timid, Ly iarsan. Together, *»l> bahum.
Tin, ^jJo. halabi. jahd.
Toil, J^?.
Tinder, -uij-. sookhteh. Token, i£—5U ildmat.

Tinsel, uy fooeh. Told, s&gufieh.
Tip, eli noofc. Toll, ^bsl, rdhddree.

Tipsy, o— * must. Tomb,^J fcafrr.
Tiptoe, i?ij~> saripanjeh. Tongs, ^-il anbur.

Tire, v., gsj'iz**. khasta kardan. Tongue, gly zeb<m.
2Vi
VOCABULAET.
Tool, oM diet.
head or tails), ^/^V) ^ s?ieer
vakhut Idzi kardan.

Tooth, tfU-J
denddn; (-ache), a,a
\^durdidenddn; (-pick), J^ Total, J^£»» jam'-i-kul.

Touch, «., o^J tS ~i dust zadan *
kheldl.
VU bald. Tour, J,*/ gardesh ; tjy doreh.
Top,^~ sar; ^fccw7iefidan.
hurj ° WU7>
Tow (drag), 0.,
Topsy-turvy, &» ^3 Towards, »jj roo-be.
Torch, Ja^- musha'al. holeh.
Ay
Torment, «* Û *U» W& dddan. Towel,
Tower, -j> b&rj-
Town,>i. shahr.
Torrent, Js- sayl.
ortoise,
o^j
sî
lak-pusht.
<^- sang-pusMj e!5)
Townsman, ^
shehri ; (fellow-
townsman), ysj* f hum

shahri.
bdzeecheh.
Torture, ^^ shekenjeh. Toy, tgfa
o«^ ilamat.
Trace,
(to toss
Toss, v., ^ândakhtan;
208 VOCABULART.
Trade, o,lsi tejdrat ; M~> _j

aU dad, u deem va Id kheer kardan; ^
sitad. o*f\J-*l3 P u vapeesh kardan.
Trader, ^l? tajer. Trap, As tileh.
Traitor, ^.U. khdyen. Trappings, j]^ yerdk.
Trample, v., i/'J^^ pamal hardan.
C) Travel, i\, j^jj^ safar raftan.
Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh; j»lj!
ardm. Traveller, ^sL-« musafrr.
Transact, U., ^b^pcrddkhtan. Tray, ,J~» seenee ; <**«* mujma'a.
Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan. Tread, D., #*} U p« zadan.
Translate, v., $sf ***J tarjumeh Treason, oJî- khidnat.
hardan. Treasure, Sganj.
Transplant, v., oi^9 W* 3& be ?'* Treasurer, jUjjUa. khezunehddr.
Tear dan. Treasury, ti\j&.
khezdneh.
Transport, v., c^J** haml kardan. Treaty, a-U J^c 'ahd ndmeh ; (con=
Transpose, v., &*f_j&k j {*<&>

tafo vention), .ita
^ kerdr dad.
VOCABULAET. 209
Treble, JjU« a-> seh mukabil. Trifle, s., Jj*. juz'ee.

Tree, o*,^ darakht. Trifle, v., ^pTg^ harzeh guftan.
nurdeh. Trim, »j a ^==»b pdkeezeh.
Trellis, s*J>
Tremble, o^-j) laTzeedan. Trip, v., ^-ij Jj topuk zadan; ^ j~

Trench, JJ^. khunduk. ^j sar i sum raftan.
Trial, ^W^ imtihdn ; ytjUj) azmd- ajUa-j sehpdyeh.
Tripod,
yesh. Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch),
Triangle, aIjS^j- seh goosheh.
OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.
Tribe, ik^> tdyefeh.
at.
Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd'
Tribulation, ,lj1 azdr.
Tribunal, a*£=* mahkemeh. Troops, J^ leshker.
Tribute, p\> baj. Trot, s., 4+jj> yoortmeh.

Trick, aLa. heeleh i^Z, sheeveh ; (to
; Trot, v., ^j <u-y_ yoortmeh raftan.
play a trick), ,jOj ty-A>
sheeveh zadan. Trouble, s., o-»*j zahmat.
210 VOCABULARY.
Trouble, v., & &\a o-*-*j zahmat Tube, iljl

looleh.
dddan. Tuck, v., &&f&ai clieen kardan.
Trousers, shalwdr. Tuft, ax> buteh.

j\^2>
aJV Z«te7i,.
Trowel, aJL mdleh. Tulip,
Truce, cV muhlet. Tumble, v., ^ksl uftddan.

True, \z*Jj rast. Tumult, 4*l£ui hengdmeh.
Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat ; \z&t&* Tune, eUftl dhang.
liakeekatan. Turban, <ul»c emdmeh.
Trunk (of a tree), &3 tanah ; (bos), Turbid, ±^>\^ gilalood.
Turf, chaman.
cr*».
^Jj- yakhddn.
Trust, s., ^laxcl itikad. Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.
Trust, v., cîb jlwl itikdd ddshtan. Turn, v., ^Juil-sy gerddneedan.
Turnip, **1^ sliulghum.
Truth, (JJ-o sidle,
Try, v., *f~ \£*\ imtihdn kardan. Turpentine, ja- _/»_>?• johar sekkez.
ZIL
VOCABULARY.
U.
firoozeh.
Turquoise,
Turtle-dove,
Tweezers,
^
*)3j#
J&+
kumri.
munkash.
Ugliness, j^>j
Ugly, o^j
a*«W«
zishtee.
Ulcer, f-j zakhm.

doMr; **i*j* dodafa'eh.
Twice, jVjji dkher.
Ultimate,^
Twin, doghuli. chatr.
JSj.5 Umbrella,^
Twine,~s.,^" Mtmeh. salts.
' Umpire, cJl>
Twine, ,;., d */ P™ chesh kar
u^ Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.
dan. Unawares, Uic ghijlatan.
Twist, «., o^ pe«cfcflfida»; ^ Unbecoming, «~i^ ndsMyiiteH.
. j^s4 b«7iuw peecheedan.
Tyrant, ^-&vaUm.
zuliw.
Unbounded, J^ be«fcu<l; oiW ^
Tyranny, bee nehdyat.
J«.U iwma'aloom.
Uncertain, fJ
212 VOCABTJLAEY.
Uncharitable, Jj>do tangdil. Understand, v., &•*-•& fahmeedan ;
JU. Julli shudan.

Uncivil, l_>.}1 ^ bee it dab. ^jvi
Uncle (paternal), y>* 'amoo ; (mater- Undertake,!;.^ JjTj-al ikdam kardan.
khilloo. Undeserved, j£~*ji* gheir i musta-
nal), _}!--
Unclean, dUl3 napdk; y-as nejess. hak.
Uncomfortable, co.1; 14 bee ruhat. Undesigned, 5_/3 JU. khial neker-

Uncommon, ^-15 nadir. deh.
Unconcerned, <£ j. bee-gham. Undesirable, !j-»

U wa sez#.
Uncurable, ^s. ^ la ilaj. Undetermined, s^> nukrah.

Undeceive, v., _)«>;jl o3/- 8 ^-^ J^ ^z Undisciplined, g free nuzm.
jjii
ishtibah beroon awardan. Uneasiness, u-il^Sa-vl

izterab.
Undeniable, -*--> ^ bee shubheh. Uneasy, c^k-u muzterib.

Under,îj zeer. Unequal, j^»» l3 nd hamvdr.
Undermine,^., ^^fs^Ju nukb kardan. Unequivocal, -^-i. _j bee shubheh.
VOCABULARY. 213
Unerring', U»» i_j bee khetd. Unfortunate, o.3?Jo bttd bukht.
Unexampled, Jiu <_} missl. Unfruitful, J-»'^ bee hdssel.

doorazdoostee.
Unexpected, A+3jZo jfS- gheir-i-mutara- Ungenerous, j^^l,^
Ungentlemanly, ajM <j beeddabuneh.
kabeh.
sarkash ; y-<xî
Unfailing, *»1j day em. Ungovernable, ,_£^-»
nd musaid. tundkhoo.
Unfavourable, j*\~* \i
^ bee tarkeeb.
Ungraceful, <-Sj
Unfeigned, JL**- hakeekee.
Ungracious, oUJl
Unfinished,
Unfit, c_—iU«l3
^ U
ndmundsib.
%a tamam.
Ungrateful, Jj* isUJ
g bee iltifdt.
neniek behardm.
Unhappy, a.-...-^*. J^ dii shekesteh ;

Unfold, v., o^/jV b«2 kardan.
eki' J^ cZti tangr.
Unforseeu, sj&su^ glieir-i-munta-
Unhealthy, Is nd sdlim.
zereh. plL,
Uniform, adj., /j> herd-bar.
Unforgotten, »J^ yi^./ammoos/i
Uniform, u-U leb«ss russmi.
ne shudeh. s.,,**-,
214 VOCABULARY.
Unimportant, c5U»! ^ hee itilu. Unjust, jp-k ndhak.

Uninformed, ^ <j, bee khabar. Unjustifiable,
L-o beepd.
bee mohubut.
Unintelligent, Jac y bee tiki. Unkind, o^* tj
Unlawful, ^J"^. kheldji shure.

Unintelligible, .j#u j± gheir-i-maf- sji>
Jioom. Unlike, J»l_j- ^ nd movdfik.

Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan. Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud.
Uninterested, j>/- <_j bee gharaz. Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.
Uninvited, «J.
"J <&* bedooni Unmanagable, J^> sarkash.
va'adeh. Unmanly, ii\*j» nd marddneh.
\i
Hi
Union, «>U1 itilidd. Unmarried, majurrud.

z>js*
United, J^» mutahid. Unmeaning, J3u ( <ji bee ma'anee.
Unity, L^=*Jî yekdnegee. Unmerciful, **, ^j bee rah'm.

Universal, ^y** emoomee. Unnamed, sjô'o _^j _»,l ^ bee ism
Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee. o rasm nandmideh.
VOCABULARY. 215
Unnatural, j^> j^-

( gheir i tabee-i. Unprincipled, oi^ ^j
bee hakeekat.
Unnecessary, *p U ndlazeem. Unprofitable, «JoU ^ bee fdyedeh.
Unneighbourly, ^j*** <-*^ Tcheldf Unpropitious, ^^ nahss.
hamjavaree. Unprotected, ^^ bee Kami.

Unobstructed, *JL% beta mane*. Unproved, oj^^-c gheir -i-sabit.
Unoffending, ~U haleem. Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> bela-hurf ;
bee sahib. dLi.}lj bela-shuk.

Unowned, c-o-U ^
i-
Unperceived, *J-U o«Ju multqfat Unreasonable, *-?j-o j-*-* gheir-
ne shudeh. movajeh.
JJ sjJLi kabool i\e
Unpleasant (personage), o^^» Unreceived, J^J
s hud eh.
goosht tulkh.
Unresisted. See Unobstructed.
Unpolite, v-jI ^ free adab.
bee taraf. Unrestrained, \uA\ jlU. mutlak el
Unprejudiced, <-i>J* ^j
enun.
Unpretending, U>Xi ^ bee takleef.
216 TOCABULAET.
Unrevenged, jJJ^j
^"ki taldfi ne Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.
shudeh. Unsubdued, j£~* j-** gheir i mo-
Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen. sakhar.
Unripe, »Ju-y ne-reseedeh. Unsuccessful,^? Û^c gheir i moasser.
Unsafe, ^1 li nd dmn. Unsuitable, .u-^li U nd shayesteh.
Unsatisfactory, sû> j-p gheir i Unsupported, U j> bee pd ; <sL^» j
{
matboo\ bee komek.
Unseasonable, *3y> ^ bee mo'ke'. Untasted, sJ^-i^. b nd chesheedeh.

Unskilled,a^- ^j bee serishteh. Unthinking, JJ^ bee fikr ; JLsj? bee
Unsound, j^\ ^j bee itibdr. khidl.
Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^j bee dilgarmee. Untie, v., o^j^- baz kardan.

Unspeakable, J^=*> nugufbanee.
{ Until, b' td.
Unspecified, . . j—» j-^ ghair-i- Untimely, uw»j*j bee vakt.

mo'ayen. Untouched, isj o— .i dust ne zadeh.
VOCABULARY. 217
Untrained, -iw ^ bee ta'aleem. Upright, e~- j rust.

Uproar, Jls j J-5 fceeZ o HL
Untried, 5«xl>
^ja tajrubeh ne shu-
deh. Upside-down, j>.j\j~> sar a zeer.
Untrue, ja. 13 nd hale. Urge, v., z>fj\j*\ isrdr

kardan.
Unusual, »J^l£ t-JÛ. kheld.fi kd'adeh. zaroor.
Urgent, jjiî
Unwashed, ax~«£> U nd shusteh. sJfiU' kd'adeh.
Usage,
Unwilling, ^\j U nd rdzi.
Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.
Unwise, ^b U ii« daw. Used, J »»-•»« musta'mil.
Unworthy, Jsr**-*
U na mustahak. Useful, >M- mufeed.
Upbraid, v., *f J^j j- sar zanesh Useless, »J^'i ^ bee fayedeh.

kardan. Usual, J_y»«-
ma'amool.
Usury, \>j
riba.
Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan.
Upon,^ bar ; VU bald. Utensil, <-Jj& zarf; oVI dldt.
218 VOCABULABY.
Utility, sJok fdyedeh. Valley, »;»>

derreh.
Utterly, LW tamdman.
Valuable, oî kaimati.
Value (put price on), ^., c,j/"
V.
ka'imat Jcardan.
Vacancy, ojk. Ichilvat.
Vanguard, ^-i. ui~-£ peesh khaymeh.
khdli.
Vacant, Û. Vanish, v., ^J^> Aya* rnafkood shu-
Vagabond, (jitjl obdsh. dan.
Vague, ..&- rnobhim. Vanquish, v., fat'h Tcardan ;
^J'^
Vain (in), u~-^ •ij*
khud parast. £&]& c^—^3. shekest dddan.
Vainly, sJoU ^ beta fdyedeh; »Ji'«s ^ Variable, ^\j t-J^bi.1

'
ikhtildf-i-rd ee.
bee fdyedeh. Variety, v., ys»ljjf goonagoon.
Valet, i^y* (_£!/ ferrash i khelvat. Vault, jlk tdk.

1
Valiant, sis slmjd'. Vaunt, v., gdj i-iV laf zadan.
Valid, ^s-> saheehh. Veal, £\~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosaleh.

219
VOCABULAET.
Venus, «y»j
zuhreh.
subzee.
Vegetable, ,jjf*
Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.
Veil, ^>3j rooband.
Vein, <3j rag.
Verbose, r ^J> tool-i-keldm.
Verdigris, j&j zengfar.
Vellum, o-# poost-i-ahoo.
>»!
tundee ^>V sura'at. ;
Verification, j^
tahkeek.
Velocity, ^J^
Velvet, J-*i" makhmal. Verily, s^^ /*•' hakeekat.
muUirim v^ db % ghooreh.
Venerate, v., &ato p* Verjuice, *,jfc
dashtan. Vermillion, ^J^ shunjurf.
Veneration, fSf*-\
ihtirdm. Vernal, ^W behari.
shi'ir.
telafi. Verse,^*i>
Vengeance, J"^
shikar. Very,j^~> bisyar.
Venison, J& ci/ goosht-i-
Venture, «., d ^jW jessdrat fear- Vessel, i*> zwrf;
Viands, el^y. khorak.
(ship), j^Skeshti.
daw.
Vice, îr" sherdrat.
Venturous, j^~* jassoor.
220 YOCABULAEY.
Vicegerent, {:J^ U.
jd nesheen. Village, »^ deh.
Vicinity, ^t^J nazdeekee. Villager, J>
]
*>* dehdtee.
Victim, ^j> korban. Villain, jal^L*. haramzadeh.
Victor, L_Jli ghdlib. Villainous, e)l^ ndpdk.
Victory, ^p faith. Vindicate, o^j^9 «^» hemdyat
Victuals, d\,y» khoorak. kardan.
View, v., ^Jo^ deedan; ^J*> nazar Vindictive, ^^f keenehv er .
kardan ; sfs& nig ah kardan. Vine, ^» mo.

View, s.,j\oj nazar. Vinegar, £j~> serkeh.
Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri. Violate, &*f j<^ tejavuz kardan;

Vigorous, ^5 kavee ; &+j}j zoor- ^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.
rnund. Violence, ^ zoor.
Vile, ^4-J kabeeh. Violet, iikj benefsheh.

Vilify,!'., ^^S'j.lijo badndm kardan. Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.
VOC ABU LAKY. 221
Virgin, tjS»\i baker eh. Vocabulary, o*! loghat.

Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan. Vogue, -Ajj ravdj ; (in), v^ bab.
Virtue, y* honur. 1j-> sedd dwdz.
Voice, ; jljl
Virtuous, jj^/a honurmund.
Void, adj., ^JU. khdli.
Virulence, <^«^> shiddut.
Void, v., ^^T JIjU o«£^ Jcardan.
Virulent, cjj^>Ij bashiddut.
Volcano, a lii (jtj'l »jS" kooh i dtesh
Vision, Jaj nuzur.
feshdn.
Visit, s., ols^L muldkat ; *>_z
Volley, isUi sheleek.
deedan ; ^>j\j zidrat.
^xla.
cjIs^L* mulakdt Volume, jild.
Visit, v., ^j^» klxud bekhud.
kardan. Voluntary, jy? tji*
Vitriol, J\j zdj. Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.

Vivacious, yJ>J> firz. Vomit, v., &*/&> bay kardan;
,_/
Vizier, j>.)^ vazeer. uj^T'jKas-.l istifrdgh kardan.

222 VOCABULARY.
Vouch, v., gjdlj o^l^-i. shehddat Waggish, ±yU shookh.

dadan.
Waggon, J^\i barkash.
Vow, s., jjj nuzr. Waist, jSkam&r.
Vow, ^sjfjSj nuzr kardan.
v.,
Wait, v., î>f j~o subr kardan.
Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^ bdzdri. Wake, v., &*j\j~> beedar shudan.
Vulgar, J.jt JU m«Z i awdm.
Walk, v., ^j »Ûj piddeh raftan.
Vulture, jî-*^ Idshkhur. Walkingstick o-»^ y^ clwob-i-
W. dust; L»t 'asd.

Wafer, t^~»i l *^ surchusp kha- Wall, j\y_s deevdr.
shub-boo.
meeri. Wallflower, y t-~i
Wag, ~y^ shookh. Walnut, j^girdao.

Wager, jj^gero. Wander, r., oi/^" ^^j^9 9^ r desh
Wages, t—^-\_y° movdjib. kardan.
Wail, v., ^.^Talli ndleh kardan. Want, v., ^^-^j* khdstan.

223
VOCABULARY.
Washer (of the dead), jÂ »*r*
Want, s., jt»ly- Tchahish.
murdeh shoor.
War, eU=. jung.
Washerman, y. o», rufc7ii *fto.
Wardrobe, a^^j* doldbcheh. 7tarim fcardan ;
Waste, v., c»/ Plr
Ware, y-^. jmss. c" 1
kjJB tafreet.
Warm, (climate) , >*-
^gwrw; Waste (desert), ^Vri beeahan.
gfitrm seer.
wm kardan Watch, o*L- sa'at.
Warm, v., ^/f^ '
Watch (guard), v., c-s/^W 2>«ss-

Warmth, ^fgurmee.
kliabar dadan. bani kardan.
Warn, v., o«^^ Watchman, cV-lj ptfssbatt.
Warrant, J^-» sanad.
Water, ±A ab ; (running), gig,
**>\
Wart, Jjlj zeZooZ,•J«£j vig&*
Wary, tW^ ^->»^» sa/ilb

ihtidt. ab-i-rowan; Û
±>\ db-i-jdri ;
Ml ^
«b-i-s7ioor; (warm),
Was, ^ boocL
Wash, v., .-^—^ shustan. ^

(salt),
M* ab-i-gurm; (spring of).
224 YOCABTJLAEY.
c_>1 u»*..% cheshmeh-i-db ; (closet), Weapon, o^l «Z«t.
JL. mdbdl ; u->1

jU-T kenar-i-ab ; Wear, «., ^J*^ poosheedan.
(watering pot), (_pb u*l a& pas7i ; Wear out, v., ^^T *£ kuhneh Car-
(barley), j-^ »U md-i-shaeer ; dan.

£L~» khastagee; ^fi^^*
(to pour out), ^^ k_>1 ftb reekh- Weariness, (J
tan; (cresses), ^l»_j»5)U boldhooty ; mandegee.

Lfl— sakka Weary, ax—*, khasta.
(carrier), ; (melon),
joljjt^fc
hindooaneh. Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.
Weather, haw a.
Wave, --ô mdj. 1_>*
Wax, ^
moom. Weave,
Web,jy
v., ja\> bdftan.
toor.
Way, »]; raTi.
Weak, j»j J kam zoor ; oy ^ bee Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh.
hoovat ; ^J> t «* zdeef. Weed, ijj* v-ilt 'alaf harzeh.
Wealth, cJj.j dowlat. Week, km, hafteh.
VOCABULABY. 22.')
Weep, v., !>f*fgaryeh kardan. Well-natured, ,3'* u->* fclW«A khulk,

Well-wisher, *lj»j^« khayr khdh.
Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3
vuzn kardan ; ±f oV kapdn West, M/«* mughreb.
kardan. Wet, adj.,j> tur.
Weight, )3 vuzn. Wet, v., o^jO * wr kardan.
Welcome (you are), inter., ^.x>\ ,» What, **. c/ie7i.
Whatever, **/» harcheh.
khosh amddeed.
Welfare, behboodee. Wheat, (.xT'âiidooHi.
yj**-^.
Well s., »U- chdh. Wheel, £/* churkh.
(cistern),
Well (in health), adj., J>y» khosh ; When, J'kay.
khoob. Whence, V ;1 az fctt/fl.
(_j>3>-
Whenever, *3^»«y» ha/r vukt i keh.
fcTiosfc eti neefc.
Well, adv., ,jij& ;
Well-bred, vrf* najeeb. Where, \*fkuja ; f koo.
Well done Whereas, gj$ choon.

!
^./l dfareen. Q
226 VOCABULARY.
Wherefore, I
J^3 lehazd ; &$=* a \
jl dz Whirlwind, jWÎ loolehbdd.
dnjahat. Whisper, s., l^si nujvd.
Wherever, U? >» hur Tcujd ;
t& U. y* Whisper, v., cpS^ J^^ $ too goosh
7utr jd-i-keh. guftan.
teez kardan. Whistle, s., o_j-» soot.
Whet, v., *Jsi
\A Whistle, v., ^.sj ojw soot zadan.
Whether, dyd.
Whetstone, uL sU- sang i sab. White, »Mw safeed.
db-oo- White ant, <ul^* mooryaneh.
Whey (curds, &c), cj^ ±>\
White-lead, *te <^\jJu, sefeedab-i-
doogh.
-
Which, *\ST kuddm ; (that which),
kal'e.
as:! dncheh ; aSol a?i keh. Whiteness, ^jJJ>~t safeedee.
Whichever, -1
j5^.» hur kudam. Whither, \J kujd.
Whine, v., ^jJU naleedan. Who, £kee.
Whirlpool, i->^f girddb. Whole, -Uj tamdm; \-~s-
^ bee 'ayb.
VOCABTJLAET. 227
Wholesome^L sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'. Wife, c ) zun ; *+j) zdjeh.
Wholly, UUj tamdmdn. Wild, J^-s vafishee.
Whom, a£ bekee.
\j^keerd; (to), Wile, dLa. heeleli.
Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh. Tchudra'ee.

Why, 1^ chird ;
a* ^ berai die ;
Wilful,
Will,
l5^^-
s., •>!,« murdd; (testament),
i*. l#£ bejaheti die.
xe\>^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh.
Wick, J~9 fateel.
Will, v., er-'^ khastan.
Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/. sheroor.
Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat. Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens),
sly: s)y£ bekhdh nekhah; (God will-
Wicker, o^-» sabat.
^. J* khodd bekhdhad ;
1
Jjk
u^
1
'areez ; Wj pahnd. ing),
Wide,
hardan. *l£3l insJia' allah.
:>fj».f- 'areez
dill
Widen, r.,
Widow, s_)jo
beeveh. Willingness, ooU, rezayat.
Willow, Ju-> beed.
Width, J\iy pahnaee; J>j- arz.
228 VOCABTTLAEY.
Win, v., ±j> burdan. Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&lo

Wind, s., Û bad. ddnesh.
Wind, v., oJî peecheedan ; (a Wise, J?W Tcdbil ; jy& l> b# s/ie'oor;
watch), ^6jTkook kardan. jo*£J|.j daneshmund ; Jac t_-*L>
Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad.

Window, gjM panjareh. Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.
Wine, tjl/j sherdb. Wish, s., (jtiklî. Tchahesh.
Wing, Jl> bdl; -U* jenahh. Wish, v., Juwkjî. Ichdheshmund.

Wink, v., cheshm bar Wit, shookh.
tj **j> jâ. £J-
hum zadan; (wink at, connive), With, l» &a.
cheshm poosheedan ; Withdraw, «., ^^T jl? &#z giriftan ;
^ju-ijj *£»
Icardan. (retire), C^~^J »_-Sc'afca& neshestan.
$J~ ^j>\+s\ ighmaz
Winter, Îs—j zemestdn. Wither, v., ^J^ s^ )> pezh murdeh
Wire, *~- seem. shudan ; ^Jîi. khiishkeedcm.
229
VOCABULARY.
Woollen, iJ~-i pushmee.

Within, j* dur;j£>\ andur.
Word, aJT kilemeh; U lufz ; (by
Without, ^ bee; (outside), ^.
word), <**£ ^kilemeh be kilemeh;
beyroon.
Withstand, v., *fJ^*^~>\ istddegee (of God),
d\
^kildm ullah; (to
keep one's) ^sib «K> Jy fcol negdh

Icardan.
ddshtan.
Witness, J^^> shdhed.
Wolf, tifgurg.
Wovk,jVkdr.
Work, «., sfJ(kdr kardan.
Woman, OJ zun.
u^ 'ajab. Workman, A*e amaleh ; &a fa-'aleh.
Wonder,
Wonder,
s.,
s-^" ta'ajub Icardan.

v.,
World, ejWMî ^ dUm; ^
dunya.
Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,»>»
heezoom; a*«* heemeh ; (forest), Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee.
Worm, kirm.
(.jT
J3ca. jungul.
Wormwood, a*i~i\ afsantine.
Wool, fî 'puslim.
230 VOCABULARY.
Worn, u-?^ malbooss ; *<x-£>ji poo- Wound, s.,

j^j
zakhm.
sheedeh ; (worn out), J**!-* mus- Wound, v., ^^T *ij zakhm kardan.
ta'mil ; LliLiI iskat. Wrap, v., ^J^ peecheedan.
Worship, s., o^l-^ ebadet ; \J^~>yv Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ; -*=*? bukcheh.
perestesh. Wrath, t-j—ac ghuzab.
Worship, v., &<*~~>jj peresteedan. Wreath, s^». chunbareh.
Worshipper (of fire), c=~^ ySJ'1 ates/i Wrestle, v., ^r\-J^kushti kardan.
parast; (of the sun), ~y,
L_) Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.
a/iab parast. Wring, v., ^îil dfshurdan.
Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh. Wrinkle, (^ cheen.
Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee Wrist, ô much.

kaymat ; j»j» ^-? free khud. Write, v., &&y nevishtan; *fj*
Worthy, jljlj- sezavar ; JjV Zayifc ; cr i-i,b markoom ddshtan ; j-ij-£
~* mustahak.
:u
tah/re&r kardan.
js 0&$
231
VOCABTJLAEY.
Year (by sal be sal.

ruk- year), JI-? J^~»
Writing, ^ynevishteh; f,
zurd.
Yellow, }
s>y
kum, ; jtj* tahreer.
Wrong, s.
v.
,
-& zulm ;
zulm
^
nahakk.
kardan.
Yes, ^ beZZi ; ^? beZZift
Yesterday, jjji* dierooz.

; gj|l
« r »-
Wrong, *f ',JJ*
Wrongfully, j»î
nahakk. Yet, Cl am-ma; jQ laykin.
<u»l-> sakhteh. Yoke (for oxen),

o«* 3110 fc*.
Wrought,
zurdeh.
Yolk (of an egg), **,j
Y. You, U-ii shumd.

Young, tflja. iavort.
Yard, s,3 zw'e.
Yawn, s., ^W- khamyazeh. Youth, J\j» javuni.
Yawn, t'., c)
a air*jW khamyazeh
Z.
kesheedan.
s«Z. Zeal, cî ghayrat;
Year, JU
Zealous, oj-fclj baghayrat.
Yearly, ajUL. salyaneh.
232 YOCABIILAET.
Zephyr, *~~i naseem. Zinc, —jj roohh.

Zest, *j*
muzzeh. Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj.
Zigzag, J*3 ^peeclx valchem. Zone, sj>\i dayereh.
Printed by Gilbert & Rivington, Limited, 52, St. John's Square, E.C.

Finn Alexander. - Persian For Travellers

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fcm^issssmimvs

SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT

This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin-

ners. To those who wish

here been made words or always to represent the

to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight

though they were English. I have done my best to produce the

proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronounced

The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, as in

t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in belt-

Here I beg to express thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee,

genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual as be to the

A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.

A'i Oh! (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) shumd

of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon

bad badter badtereen

person singular add an

^.ita Dddan. — Infinitive.

1. »sf j»\y» kbabam kard 1. >ap *jj»lja.

,J-- Shudan. — " To become."

2nd pers. plural, Jjj^j

o 0j> Boodan. "To be."

Imperative. Past Participle.

3, zy bood 3» Jisy boodaud.

^.sb Dadan.—" To give."

bedeb ».>b dadeb.

2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.

y^J^i. Khdstan. — •" To will ; to wish ; to want."

Imperative. Past Participle.

2. Us. kkahee khast 2. o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast

khast 3. i» khahand khast

Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,

In the Singular, ui, o, m, t, sh

In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.

t* fcJ3 aspi-rna, our horse

JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse

A. Abettor, Jk ydr ; e!^* moharek.

A, an, ek yek. Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a &pi j^>

Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan. sukna nemoodan.

/cardan. Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-

Abdomen, &> shaJcam. Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.

About, jj± dor. — (concerning), Absurdity, ^^a beehoodehgee.

perishan-i-khater. Accept, v., ytjf^jj kabool kard.an.

Abstain,!'., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan; Acceptance ^J \j> Aj pezeerdi'.

Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;

Accomplish, v., ^ j»US

la mo-jib. *#u mutahim.

ney), uL» his sab. Ache, v., gsf i>ji>

t ^ysjf jlai' ta'aluk giriftan.

kardan; (increase), O ^js\afzoodan. ris£es7i.

Adversary, &+Z* do simian ; <-kj*

Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal), Age,j+* umr.

Afternoon, j^- asr.

Alien, aJ^j beegdneh. doost.

Almond, J^Ij bddam. Although, ** f\ igur cheh.

Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc. Always, *£-* hameesheli.

Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liar dan. Ambassador, J* eelchi.

Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh. Amber, \^

Ambition, yj>j» Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar Ample, \^i^kejdiet ; ^kafi.

Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil. Angle, jS'kung i^^goosheh.

Amount, *i*o mublagh. Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.

Ant, ^jy murcheh.

Alone, V-> tanlia ; dJ talc. Always, £- hameesheli.

Amount, io mublagh. Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.

Apprehension, vJ turs; a+\j vfihe-

Artillery, i\&y toopkhdneh. Ask, i?., cj J^-^i purseedan ; &/$}*

Ju> neeli ; (light), &)}j<? feeroo- Bodkin, J^j darafsh.