HIS 315L UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE

Progressives, Moderns, and some Traditionalists

HOW TO USE THE STUDY GUIDE

This study guide is designed to help guide your learning for this unit. Use this structure to
generate and organize terms, ideas, questions, and your own key insights from each lesson.

As you read, discover, and learn from your course materials, you should continue to add
information and evidence from each lesson, and to record your responses to each unit question.
By the end of the unit, the work you do in this guide will become a thorough review sheet that
you can use to develop strong and well-supported exam essays.

PART 1: ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Before you start your reading for this unit, take a look at the following questions. These
questions are important, because they are the broad questions that summarize each day’s
lesson. As you read, try to identify information and evidence that can help you answer each
question. When you find key passages, note the page numbers and sources, so that you can
access this information easily later for studying and assessments.

Questions Citation
Directions: Preview these questions before reading. Directions: Note page
numbers and sources
from your readings or
the Crash Course
videos.

Who were the participants in the Progressive Movement and what

changes did they seek in American society and government?

How did involvement in World War I impact Americans at home and

the position of the U.S. in the world?

How did various groups try to create an “ideal America” in the early
20th century?

How did the typical behaviors and social characteristics of youth in

the 1920s differ from those of previous generations?

PART 2: INTRODUCTORY TERMS AND IDEAS

To prepare for the beginning of the unit quiz, read and watch all assigned material in Lesson 1.
Write the definition, time period and/or date, and historical significance of each term in the
space provided, and connect each term to a course Big Idea (American Identities, Reform and
Renewal, Self and Society, Labor and Technology, America in the World). The time period and
dates will help you to construct historical chronologies in Part 4 of this guide.

Terms Time Definition and Significance Course

Period Big Idea
and/or
Date(s)
16th Amendment The 16th amendment is an important amendment that
allows the federal (United States) government to levy
(collect) an income tax from all Americans. Income tax
allows for the federal government to keep an army, build
roads and bridges, enforce laws and carry out other
important duties. The federal government realized in
1913 that in order for it to collect taxes effectively, and
not have to share that tax money with the states, federal
income tax was necessary.

income tax
17th Amendment The 17th amendment was ratified and went into effect
on April 8, 1913. It states that the Senate of the United
States will have two senators from each state, elected by
the people of their state, and state in the senate for 6
years. Each senator will have one vote. Before the 17th
amendment went into effect senators were selected by
state legislatures and when they began fighting over their
senate selections and leaving seats vacant for long
periods of time, Congress came up with the 17th
amendment to solve this problem. Now when vacancies
happen in the Senate, the executive authority of that
state will issue writs of election to fill the vacancy.The
17th Amendment came about during the Progressive Era.
During this time in American history, reformers were
pushing to clean up health standards, improve moral
standards, elevate American education and fight
corruption in state and local governments. The push for
popular election of Senators became part of that
campaign.

people will vote for senators not the state.

representaive government
19 Amendment
th
The 19th amendment says that the United States shall
not deny anyone the right to vote based on any state
based on the account of sex.

womens right to vote

Booker T. 1915 was an american educator, author, orator, and advisor to
Washington the president of the united states. he was a leader to the
african american community. he was one of the founders
of the national negro business legend. his speech
the"atlanta compromise "which brought great fame to
him. he died in 1915. he was important because he spoke
for the black community. also he went nationwide
speaking for the blacks and was very successful with his
speeches.

spokesperson for blacks

gave atlanta compromise speach told them to work hard

and they will earn the respect of white man

accept your way of life and work hard you eventually

earn respect

higher education and hardwork

Calvin Coolidge
Calvin Coolidge served as the 30th president of the
United States. He was president during the "Roaring
Twenties" when there was rapid economic growth in the
United States. Coolidge took more of a laissez-faire
approach during his term which is why he blamed for the
Great Depression. At the end of his term, Coolidge issued
a statement claiming that he would not be running for a
second term.

1920s, silent cow, buisness of america is buissness

pro big buisness and less government

First Red Scare As the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the
(1917-1920) United States intensified, hysteria over the perceived
threat posed by Communists in the U.S. became known
as the Red Scare. (Communists were often referred to as
"Reds" for their allegiance to the red Soviet flag.) Then as
World War 1 was ending, a fear-driven anti-communist
movement arose; thus the first red scare began to spread
across the United States of America. Many in the States
feared recent immigrants and dissidents would be
communist and those that didn't feared they would be
accused of being a communist.

ratical communist trying to over throw the us

were new immigrants

scare of communist coming over, we believe they are

guilty before they even come over
Flappers 1920s Flappers of 1920s were young women known for their
energetic freedom, embracing a lifestyle viewed by many
at the time as bizarre, immoral and downright
dangerous. Contrary to the first generation of
independent American women, flappers pushed barriers
in economic, political and sexual freedom for women.
After WWI, women had a huge foot in the workforce with
higher wages, the right to vote, and made stride to
having the female right of contraception. The classic
image of a flapper is that of a stylish young party girl who
smoked in public, drank alcohol, danced at jazz clubs and
practiced a sexual freedom that show the dated morality
of their parents. Flappers were essentially a concept of
women breaking the stereotypes of the social normality
of how women should behave.

were young women known for their energetic freedom

went against there norms dressed different, smoke, drink

and flirt, bathing suits
Fourteen Points Wilson's Fourteen Points was a statement of principles
(especially #14) for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in
order to end World War I.

14 league of nations

world peace collision of nations

Herbert Hoover 1928-32 Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st president and an
engineer, business man and a politician. He implemented
ideas of efficiency in the business community and
provided government support for standardization and
trade. He tried policies to help the great depression.

blamed for the great depression

bonus army ww1 army comes through and drives out the
vetarans made his immage bad

believes in rugged indivualism you had to do everything

your self
Jane Addams Jane Addams, known as the "mother" of social work, was
a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social
worker, public philosopher, sociologist, public
administrator, protestor, author, and leader in women's
suffrage and world peace

reformer the holl house in chiagago

a settlement house)

take in new immigrants for education jobs and get them

addpated to us culture
Johnson-Reed Act, Also known as the Immigration Act of 1924, this act
1924 (also known limited the number of immigrants allowed into the
as the Quota Act country through the National Origins quota. This quota
and by other provided an endorsement to two percent of the total
names) number of people that came from each nationality. It did
not included immigrants from Asia. The act was brought
on after congress created the first widely restrictive
immigration law in 1917. This particular act(brought on in
1917) was renewed and revised two different times
before it was adjusted into the Johnson- Reed act. (aka
the Quota Act, the Immigration act of 1924, and the
National Origins act.)

National Origins Act

quoatas on new immigrants keep us population the same

perserve ethenicity in us

Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist group that was
started in 1866 by General Nathan Bedford in Tennessee.
The klan referred to themselves as the "Invisible Empire
of the South", leading an underground movement against
radical republicanism and reconstruction in hopes to
keep white the superior race in the postwar south. The
klan performed horrible crimes mainly on African
Americans, especially if they were running for office, but
many white republicans were victims of their violence as
well. It is noted that the kkk had around 3500 radical
party lynchings in the south from 1865 to 1900, and over
4 million members by the 1920's.

reimmarges in the 1920s, different its in the north now

targets immigrants jews and catholics not just blacks

increase in membership spreading nativism

League of Nations The League of Nations was an organization formed in
1920, and based in Geneva, Switzerland. It was created
to prevent another World War and to enforce the Treaty
of Versailles.

proporsal from 14 ammendment to join together to make

another war

Us never joins and it fails

weak us never joins

Muckraker(s) The term muckraker was used in the Progressive Era to
characterize reform-minded American journalists who
attacked established institutions and leaders as corrupt.
They typically had large audiences in some popular
magazines

investifated journalists that exposed the wrong doings

 social politic and economics
meat inspection act
pure drug act

unsafe living conditions corrupt buisnesses dangerous

working conditions
Nativism The policy, generally around immigration but also dealing
with social and economic aspects of daily life, that favors
native-born or long-term resident individuals in the
United States at the expense of immigrants.

american bored people dont like immitgrants

policy where they are trying to limit immigrations as they

are taking their jobs

catholics and jews chinese

Progressive(s)

Progressive The Progressive Movement was an attempt to cure some

Movement of the social issues caused by the last quarter on the 19th
century. The Progressive Era was a time in America's
history that was owned by the reform ideals from 1890-
1920. The movement covered issues ranging from
education and urbanization, to women's rights and
working conditions.

effiency social justice and anti corruption

Scopes Trial (1925) The Scopes Trial, also known as the Scopes Monkey Trial,
was the 1925 prosecution of science teacher John Scopes
for teaching evolution in a Tennessee public school,
which a recent bill had made illegal. This trial took place
in Dayton, Tennessee.

religion vs science

secular means science

Sedition Act of 1918 Enacted during World War I and aimed at socialists,
pacifists and other anti-war activists, the Sedition Act
imposed harsh penalties on anyone found guilty of
making false statements that interfered with the
prosecution of the war; insulting or abusing the U.S.
government, the flag, the Constitution or the military;
agitating against the production of necessary war
materials; or advocating, teaching or defending any of
these acts. Those who were found guilty of such actions,
the act stated, shall be punished by a fine of not more
than $10,000 or imprisonment for not more than twenty
years, or both. This was the same penalty that had been
imposed for acts of espionage in the earlier legislation.
 law passes ww1 where it was illegal to talk bad about the
government if so charged with a crime

or hender war effort

Warren Harding

W.E.B. Du Bois W. E. B. Du Bois was a writer, historian, and social

(National reformer during the late 19th to early 20th centuries. He
Association for the advocated for African American equality and did this
Advancement of through writing literature, educating, promoting Black
Colored People) arts as during the Harlem Renaissance, by co-founding
the N.A.A.C.P., and by being a spokesperson for the civil
rights movement for colored people. He did most of his
reform through education because he said the only way
to equality was through education and gaining civil rights.
And he also called for immediate freedom as opposed to
Booker Washington who said that colored people should
endure this treatment for the time being, and that
freedom/equality will come.

believed in social rights for affrican ammericans

opposite of booker fight for you social and policity

believes in education,

wrote essays and journals to inspire people

Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson served two terms as the 28th president
of the United States. Serving his term during World War 1
and contributed to the Treaty of Versailles by creating the
Fourteen Points.
Zimmermann Sent on March 1, 1917, the Zimmermann Telegram was a
Telegram (1917) message from the German foreign secretary, Arthur
Zimmermann, to the German ambassador to Mexico
proposing a Mexican-German alliance in the case of war
between the United States and Germany. U.S. President
Woodrow Wilson learned of the telegram's contents on
February 26, so the following day he proposed to
Congress that the U.S. should start arming its ships and
preparing against potential German attacks.President
Wilson also called for the Zimmermann Telegram to be
published as American front page news to inform and
shed light on the reality of Germany's conspiring
behavior. Due to previous hopes of neutrality, some
Americans that the telegram to be fake, however, this
hope was dispelled two days later when Zimmermann
himself confirmed its authenticity.

Us declare war on germany on ww1

german calls mexico to attack to become allies

 and us declares war on them

1920s consumer growth

AGRICTULURE IS LEAST PRODUCTIVE

Muck rakers where investive journalists. intentions to dig up dirt on big buissneess.

Book: The jungle written by uptownzincalre he was a muck raker. It's a book that
talks about the terrible conditions of meat places, rotten meat, people using there
hands and people getting injured.

Leads to the pure food and drug act adn the meat inspection act of 1906

pure food and drug says it must be labeld

meat inspection are guidelines on how to handle meat correctly

Luise haine, takes pictures of childrens working in factories (child labor)

Taylor, put a worker on a asembly line, specific job for indivudals and you do that
for 8-10 hours saves monet and etc.

------------

ww1 us doe not get invloved to later on

around 10 million estimated dead

sinking of the ship with a 124 americans that were on there way to brittian
(lusitatien)

reasons for ww1 the sinking of Lusitania, submarines that were targeting great
brittian, zimmerman telegram.

john j pershang the us commande of the group they were called dough boys

2000men to million, we drafted people and he trained them very quick

selective service act (ww1) 18 + registerd for the draft you will be avlabel for war

sedition act, cannot talk bad or interfier with the war effort no critizing

schenk vs us, the supremecourt agrees with the president going againt the first
admendment

-----------
1920s

blacks in the south still segreagated lynching goes up, farmers struggling making
money durring ww1 theres no war so farmers are making more supply then
demand.
laizee fair, hands off no government intervention if it goes up it goes up

low taxes on everyone but the rich,

Teapot dome scandal, during hardings american presidenct, government oil was
leased out to a private company for a bribe

henry ford, his assembly line for mass production of goods many pick this up

consumers good made, vacum ,toasters, fridge, RADIO (dominates the 1920s

sporting, boxing, baseball people going to the beach more people going out

american film began

buying on credit is new concept, take dept and pay as you go

charles lenberg american hero he got in a plane a flew non stop to paris

great migration millions of african americans leave the south and go to the north
looking to leave racisim and look for jobs

harlem renisance, movement on literal african american movement on art and

liteture such as poetry, expressing their frustration through it

kkk re imerges

John scopes trial for teaching evolution

PART 3: ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS AND SIGNIFICANT TERMS

Now it’s your turn! Choose your own key terms based on the lesson questions below, adding
your own definitions, time periods and/or dates, and historical significance, but you will need
more than the spaces provided. Think of these terms as evidence you can use to build strong
historical arguments, which will help you complete your assignments and exams for this course.
At the end of each lesson, write your own summary response to each lesson’s broad question.

Adding rows for more terms: You will need to add more space to each table as you discover
additional key terms. To do this click in the box on the last row of terms, right click, select “Insert”
and “Rows Below.” Add as many as you need for each lesson. You can also attach additional
pieces of paper if you print out your study guide.

Lesson 2 and 3: The Progressives

Essential Question: Who were the participants in the Progressive Movement and what
changes did they seek in American society and government?

Terms Time Definition and Significance Course

Period Big Idea
and/or
Date(s)
Summary Response to Lesson Question:

Lesson 4: WWI

Essential Question: How did involvement in World War I impact Americans at home and the
position of the U.S. in the world?

Terms Time Definition and Significance Course

Period Big Idea
and/or
Date(s)

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

Lesson 5 and 6: America Perfected

Essential Question: How did various groups try to create an “ideal America” in the early 20 th
century?

Terms Time Definition and Significance Course

Period Big Idea
and/or
Date(s)

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

Lesson 7: Kids These Days

Essential Question: How did the typical behaviors and social characteristics of youth in the
1920s differ from those of previous generations?

Terms Time Definition and Significance Course

Period Big Idea
and/or
Date(s)

Summary Response to Lesson Question:

PART 4: CHRONOLOGY

This is the section of your study guide where you put it all together! Draw a line below (or on a
separate sheet of paper if you need more space) and add the major events, dates, and changes
that you think are important in this unit. You’ll notice that most of the events, terms, and
historical figures in each Unit are connected somehow, whether by causation, geography, course
themes, etc. See if you can find ways to connect your timeline entries together! Making those
connections will is the absolute best way to discover and understand historical relationships,
and to build the knowledge that will help you write great history essays!