How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

A. by conducting market research

B. by offering their products at the lowest price
C. by offering extended warranty coverage on products
D. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the
competition does
ANSWER: D

Marketing strategy begins with _____.

A. market segmentation
B. targeting
C. conducting an outcomes assessment
D. conducting a market analysis
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is a law of learning

A. Law of readiness
B. Law of exercise
C. Law of effect
D. All the above.
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is not a primary role of a sports psychologist?

A. Teacher
B. Strength & Conditioning Coach
C. Researcher
D. Consultant
ANSWER: B

An athlete in gymnastics is diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following

specialists might be asked to help treat this emotional disorder
A. Clinical Sports Psychologist
B. Experimental Kinesiologist
C. Educational Sports Psychologist
D. Pedagogical Sports Psychologist
ANSWER: A

In the 1890s, Norman Triplett initiated some of the first ever formal sports
psychology experiments with athletes. What sport did he select for his experiments
A. Running
B. Swimming
C. Football
D. Cycling
ANSWER: D

A psychologist at the University of Illinois, this professor is regarded as the

'Father of American Sport Psychology
A. Norman Triplett
B. Coleman Griffith
C. Franklin Henry
D. Bruce Ogilvie
ANSWER: B

Sports psychology is accepted as what form of "science" in academic circles?

A. Social Science
B. Soft Science
C. Hard Science
D. Educational Science
ANSWER: A
The American Psychological Association has a special division especially for sports
psychology. Which division provides support and professional credibility to this
field?
A. Division 14
B. Division 36
C. Division 47
D. Division 25
ANSWER: C

As sports and exercise psychologists, there is an ethical responsibility to protect

an athlete's welfare. Which of the following is NOT one of the six general ethical
principles espoused by the AAASP (American Association for the Advancement of
Applied Sport Psychology)?
A. Competence
B. Winning
C. Integrity
D. Respect for People's Rights and DIgnity
ANSWER: B

Sports psychologists commonly are found in which of the following settings?

A. Universities and Colleges
B. All are common settings
C. Professional Sports Teams
D. National and Olympic Teams
ANSWER: B

Sports psychology uses the scientific method in order to bridge science and
practice and build a knowledge base that can foster improved athletic performance
in athletes. Which of the following is NOT a component of the scientific method?
A. Experimental controls and objective evidence gathering
B. Systematic approach and emprical observation
C. Guesswork and quasi-experimental designs
D. Critical analysis and rigorous evaluation
ANSWER: C

As part of their training, sports psychologists usually have to take classes in

many different areas. Which of the following subjects might a student have to study
in order to become a certified sports psychologist?
A. All are common classes in sports psychology curriculums
B. Motor Development and Exercise Physiology
C. Abnormal Psychology and Developmental Psychology
D. Biomechanics and Counseling Psychology
ANSWER: A

Sport psychologists work with amateur and professional athletes to:

A. improve performance and improve psychological well-being
B. worsen performance and worsen psychological well-being
C. worsen performance and improve psychological well-being.
D. improve performance and worsen psychological well-being
ANSWER: A

The following are some of the psychological approaches adopted by sport

psychologists for service delivery:
A. environment-centred, external focused, and irrational behaviour therapy
B. team therapy, coach therapy and substitute therapy
C. person-centred, psychoanalytic, and rational-emotive behaviour therapy
D. listening therapy, vision therapy and linguistic therapy
ANSWER: C
A sport psychologist's competencies include:
A. confidence, frustration tolerance and networking ability
B. client welfare, professional relationships and assessment techniques
C. emotional intelligence quotient, height and authority
D. personality, confidence and intelligence quotient
ANSWER: B

The sport psychologist can gain trust, respect and credibility by:
A. showing off his or her competence
B. establishing lines of confidentiality, clarifying roles and services and
agreeing timelines and goals
C. instructing the client about what is the right thing to do
D. demanding and expecting excellence
ANSWER: B

Sport psychology consultants triangulate their assessment techniques by:

A. observing the athlete, watching the athlete and making videos of the athlete
B. talking to the athlete's coach, talking to the athlete's teammates and talking
to the athlete's parents
C. talking to the athlete, listening to the athlete and watching the athlete
D. interviewing the athlete, asking the athlete to complete psychometric
assessments and interviewing the athlete's coach
ANSWER: D

The Test of Performance Strategies-2 TOPS-2; Hardy, Roberts, Thomas,& Murphy, 2010)
requires athletes to answer questions regarding their current use of
A. coaching and training aids
B. technical and tactical strategies
C. psychotropic medicines
D. psychological skills in training and competition
ANSWER: D

Luepker (2010) suggested that adequate records from sport psychologists should be:
A. simple, easy to access and unprotected
B. available to the public, illegible and protected
C. open, available and readable
D. legible, relevant, logical, chronological and concise
ANSWER: D

Basic psychological skills (Hardy, Jones, & Gould, 1996) comprise:

A. attribution, commitment, fine motor skills and gross motor skills
B. motivation, attention, self-confidence and arousal
C. goal setting, self-talk, mental imagery and relaxation
D. throwing, catching, hopping and skipping
ANSWER: C

According to research, there are four factors that influence consumer buyer
behavior:
A. psychological, personal, social, CRM systems
B. cultural, organizational, personal, psychological
C. cultural, social, personal, psychological
D. none of the above
ANSWER: C

The psychological factors influencing consumer behavior are;

A. motivation, perception, learning, beliefs and attitudes
B. culture, subculture, social class
C. reference groups, family, roles and status
D. all of the above
ANSWER: A

Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Sigmund Freud assumed that people are largely unconscious about the real
psychological forces shaping their behavior
B. The term motivation research refers to qualitative research designed to probe
consumers` hidden, subconscious motivations
C. Abraham Maslow sought to explain why people are driven by particular needs at
particular times
D. Selective retention means that marketers must try to understand the mind-sets of
consumers and how these will affect interpretations of advertising and sales
information
ANSWER: D

The consumers' five steps of adopting a new product refer to which of the
following?
A. Awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, adoption
B. Awareness, promotion, evaluation, trial, adoption
C. Adoption, interest, evaluation, trial promotion
D. Awareness, interest, cash cows, trial, adoption
ANSWER: A

Habitual buying behavior occurs under conditions of low-consumer involvement and

little significant brand difference.
A. True
B. False
C. Both are true
D. both are false
ANSWER: A

Brand ambassadors spreading the word about their products are an example of; Buzz
marketing.
A. True
B. False
C. Both are true
D. both are false
ANSWER: A

________ are factors that have been shown to affect consumer behavior.
A. Brand name, quality, newness, and complexity
B. Advertising, marketing, product, and price
C. Outlets, strategies, concept, and brand name
D. Quality, advertising, product positioning, and strategy
ANSWER: A

____________ is the definition of reference groups.

A. Groups that an individual looks to when forming attitudes and opinions
B. Groups of people who have been referred to by someone they know
C. Groups of office colleagues
D. Chat groups on the internet
ANSWER: A

____________ has become increasingly important for developing a marketing strategy

in recent years.
A. Change in consumers’ attitudes
B. Inflation of the dollar
C. The concept and the brand
D. Age groups, such as the teen market, baby boomers, and the mature market
ANSWER: D

Primary reference groups include ________________

A. college students
B. office colleague
C. family and close friends
D. sports groups
ANSWER: C

_________________ refers to the buying behavior of final consumers.

A. Consumer buyer behavior
B. Target market buying
C. Market segment business
D. Business buying behavior
ANSWER: A

Which of the following studies focused on employee productivity?

A. Classical Conditioning Studies
B. Hawthorne Studies
C. Industrial-Organizational Psychological Studies
D. Study of Employee Behaviorism
ANSWER: B

Micah is a small business owner who wants to improve his leadership skills and
foster a better working environment for his employees. Which type of psychologist
would be the most helpful to Micah?
A. Industrial-organizational psychologist
B. Behavioral psychologist
C. Clinical neuropsychologist
D. Gestalt psychologist
ANSWER: A