University of Nueva Caceres

Pre Board Examination

GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING

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CAREER GUIDANCE

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one
answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer
sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The self-development theory claims that the goal of a person's career development
is _____________ .
A. the making of a life and the evaluation of existential meanings
B. matching of personal characteristics and job requirements
C. fulfillment of the underlying needs of the individual
D. entering a job or occupation.

2. Research shows, that there exists a relationship between leisure time and dual- career family.
Dual- career families ___________ .
A. have more leisure time
B. have more weekend leisure time
C. have less leisure time
D. have the same amount of leisure time

3. A counselor doing multicultural counseling should be aware

A. that career inventories have eliminated cultural biases
B. that Asian women rarely are assertive
C. of his or her own ethnocentric basis
D. that males will often choose job that will make them feel powerful

4. A counselor with a Master's degree who is working at a carinderia receiving a minimum wage
due to lack of jobs.in the field is a victim of
A. underemployment
B. the Phi Phenomena
C. the lucky shift phenomena
D. unemployment

5. Norma is a college professor in a private institution earning more than Rose, an elementary
teacher in a public school. Comparing the clothes and leisure activities of the two, Norma spends
more than Rose. This situation shows that
A. career affects values
B. career can affect friends and connections
C. career can affect friends
D. career can affect life style

6. If one looks back on life with few regrets & feels worthwhile, he develops a sense of
A. generativity C. identity
B. integrity D. industry

7. Which of the following instruments did Holland develop for career counselors?
A. Self-directed Search (SDS)
B. Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI)
C. Vocational Exploration and Insight Kit (VEIT)
D. Occupational Interest Inventory

8. When a student indecisive of which course to take comes in for counseling, which among the
following would a counselor from the trait and factor perspective do?
A. Evaluate the influence of the parents and significant others in the life of the client
B. Dig in the past experience influencing the indecisiveness of the client
C. Guide the discussion or even suggest actions the client will take
D. Modify the faulty belief the client has in career opportunities

9. Counselor's concern for her client is expressed in his/her being

A. genuine C. interested
B. alert D. educated

10. Mayet likes bonsai and she begins to work in a bonsai garden. She tends to her bonsai during
her spare time on weekends and after work. This phenomenon is BEST described as _________ .
A. spillover C. contrast effect
B. sublimation D. compensatory effect

11. What is distinctively referred to as post-secondary education focusing on skills acquisition

for gainful employment?
A. Vocational Education C. Vocational Guidance
B. Vocational Placement D. Vocational Pathing

12. In what stage according to Havighurst does an individual start learning to be responsible in
performing task expected of them?
A. Maintaining productive society
B. Acquiring basic habit and industry
C. Contemplating a productive and responsible life
D. Identification with a worker

13. A student approached you seeking for career counseling. As a career counselor you thought
of discussing the four (4) academic strands. Four (4) academic strands are stated below EXCEPT
___________ .
A. HUMSS C. STEM
B. ICT D. ABM
14. Which of the following generation will focus on developing their careers through
opportunities within one's organization or at least in one industry. They move up based on
seniority, not always based on skill and expertise.
A. Gen X C. Millennials
B. Baby Boomers D. Gen Z

15. Brent is a very - competent teacher as evidenced by his teaching performance evaluation. He
was then promoted as a psychology department head. Davis termed the work environment's
fulfillment with a worker as __________ .
A. work adjustment C. satisfactoriness
B. job satisfaction D. person environment fit

16. The significance of mentors and other role models outside of the family is emphasized in
A. Learning Theory of Career Counseling
B. Values Based Holistic Approach to Career Development
C. Social Cognitive Career Theory
D. Generational Template Theory

17. The decision-making theory, which refers to periods of anticipation and

implementation/adjustment, was proposed by
A. Crites
B. David Tiedeman and Robert O'Hara
C. Holland
D. Super

18. A school employed a staff with a Master's Degree in business administration due to lack of
appropriate position. This is a case of ____________ .
A. the phi phenomenon
B. unemployment
C. underemployment
D. The risky shift phenomenon

19. A 29 – year old female who was baby sitting in her home but is currently working at. a fast-
food restaurant is best described as ____________ .
A. Reentry worker
B. Displaced homemaker
C. Dislocated worker
D. Midlife career change worker

20. Which counselor would most likely say that we choose a job to meet our needs?
A. Robert Hoppock C. John Crites
B. John Krumboltz D. Albert Ellis

21, Holland's psychological needs theory would say that a research chemist is primarily what
type of personality?
A. Artistic C. Investigative
B. Social D. Enterprising
22. In self assessment the factors considered in making decisions are
A. attitudes
B. skills
C. interests
D. skills, interest and attitudes

23. Female occupations generally pay less and lack the status of male occupations. This concept
is called ____________ .
A. Occupational sex segregation
B. Occupational sex integration
C. Occupational sex insertion
D. Occupational sex insult

24. Vocational counseling differs from vocational guidance in that it is mainly a/an __________ .
A. internal process C. group process
B. therapeutic process D. educational process

25. Flooding the client with anxiety-producing stimuli within a safe-setting is called
A. behavior modification C. implosive therapy
B. cognitive regression D. transference neurosis

26. Who proposed that career is a lifetime achievement, always in the process of emergence?
A. Brown C. Tiedman
B. Roe D. Hoppock

27. Antonio is a welder in a company. At 39 he felt he should move on from his current
employment after working for 15 years, He lacks confidence and clarity about how to find a new
role without taking any risk. Choose which of the following should the counselor focus on?
A. Determine willingness to take the risk
B. Focus on creating a competitive resume
C. Acknowledge augmenting training and qualification
D. Discuss possible environments that may need his skill

28. Katz designed a computer-based instrument- used for values-clarification in career

development. This system is known-as ______________ .
A. CHOICE C. VPI
B. SIGI D. NVGA

29. A good source of information regarding pay scales for various occupations would be the
A. Occupational Encyclopedia
B. Dictionary of Occupational Titles
C. Occupational Outlook Handbook
D. Career Development Quarterly
30. Which is the correct order of Linda Gottfredson's Developmental Theory of Occupational
Aspiration?
I. Orientation to Sex Role
II. Orientation to Social Valuation
III. Orientation to Size and Power
IV. Orientation to Unique internal self
A. II, III, I, IV C. III, I, II, IV
B. I, III, IV, II D. III, II, I, IV

31. What theory proposed that parents are the first agent of socialization?
A. Development Theory
B. Generation Template Theory
C. Learning Approach Theory
D. Psychodynamics Theory

32. The following are examples of helping behavior EXCEPT:

A. use of simple words C. giving information
B. sense of humor D. reflecting

33. Career maladjustment is attributed by Krumboltz and Nichols to ___________ .

A. insufficient support from parents
B. faulty learning
C. lack of self-concept
D. wrong values upheld

34. Mr. Torres is a very competent teacher as evidenced by his high – teaching performance
evaluation. He was then promoted as a psychology department head. Davis termed the work
environment's fulfillment with a worker as ___________ .
A. satisfactoriness C. job satisfaction
B. work adjustment D. person environment fit

35. The Strong Interest Inventory is considered as interest inventory, so is __________ .

A. The MMPI 2
B. The Kuder created by George Frederic Kuder
C. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary test
D. The Wechsler

36. A male client who hates his job is trying desperately to be the perfect father, husband and
family man. This phenomenon is best described as
A. the compensatory effect
B. the lemency / streetness bias
C. the recency effect
D. spillover on

37. It is the core concept of the theory of Schlossberg

A. Self-images C. Transition
B. Values D. Personality
38. Most experts. in the field of career counseling would classify Roe, Brill, and Holland as
__________ theorists.
A. behavior modification C. ego psychoanalytic
B. experiential D. personality

39. Which of the following is NOT part of the career guidance program in the K to 12?
A. DOLES Career Coaching
B. Career Guidance Program
C. Follow up
D. Career Guidance Program, DOLE's Career Coaching, Follow up

40. More and more people entering the workforce of the 21st Century will have three to seven
different careers over their life span. Which of the following explains the reason?
A. K-12 and ASEAN Integration
B. Globalization of the market place
C. No life time career
D. No career exclusiveness-

41. Which of the following career theorists does NOT belong to the group?
A. Bandura C. Roe
B. Happock D. Tiedeman

42. In the dual-career family, partners seem to be more self-sufficient than

in the traditional family. In a dual career household, the woman:
A. Rarely if ever has children
B. Is not self-reliant
C. Generally has children before entering the work force
D. Is typically secure in her ‘career before she has children

43. According to Chapman, which of the following is the most common problem of the youth in
relation to guidance?
A. Love triangle C. Food
B. Religion D. Family relationship

44. When asked by several ninth grade students for information concerning career choices, the
counselor should
A. Conduct group sessions with the students on career and provide individual assessments.
B. Instruct students to arrange site visits with local business people.
C. Direct the student to the media center to research various careers.
D. Refer the students to the school handbook for the schedule of career days and assign students
to specific groups.

45. Which of the following characterizes the constructivist theory?

A. People seek career satisfaction through work ideas in which they can express themselves and
implement and develop their self-concept
B. It is generally about life planning' emphasis is on deriving meaning from personal experience
C. People have skills and talents that they developed through different life roles making them
capable of a variety of tasks and numerous occupation
D. Career development has characteristic task that must be successfully achieved if a person is to
attain happiness and success with task appropriate to the vocational stages that follow

46. The person who determines the destiny of the guidance service by his/her attitude toward it is
the _____________ .
A. guidance counselor C. homeroom teacher
B. teacher D. school head

47. The Self- directed Search (SDS) is:

A. self- scored and self- interpreted
B. Self- administered, self- scored and self- interpreted and based on the work of Holland
C. based on the work of Holland
D. self - administered

48. The purpose of interpretation in counseling is to

A. make clients aware of non-verbal behaviors
B. make the clients aware of their unconscious processes
C. help clients understand feelings and behaviors related to childhood
D. help the therapist appear genuine

49. A medical student seeks help from the university career counseling center. She needs help to
determine whether to specialize in oncology or cardiology. According to Ginzberg's stage theory,
she is in a stage of the realistic period called
A. Crystallization C. Integration
B. Specification D. Exploration

50. The trait-factor approach which is also called actuarial or matching approach attempts to
A. match career behavior with attitude
B. match conscious and unconscious work motives
C. match the worker and the work environment
D. match cognition with the workload

51. Which in Erickson's stages of psycho-social development focuses heavily in sharing one's
life?
A. Ego integrity versus despair
B. Identity versus role confusion
C. Intimacy versus isolation
D. Generativity versus stagnation

52. Marissa has a sense of loyalty to her company especially the ‘company is paying her tuition
for her graduate studies. This is an example of ___________ .
A. employee satisfaction surveying
B. a corporate training initiative
C. an organizational benefit of career development and management programs
D. a by product of career promotions
53. According to Roe, a significant determinant of career choice is
A. Early home climate C. Genetic endowment
B. School environment D. Worldview

54. Alder emphasized that people need to belong. This is known as

A. social connectedness C. superiority
B. collective unconscious D. animus

55. A counselor who favors a behavioristic mode of career counseling would most likely
A. Suggest a site visit to a work setting
B. Give the client a standardized career test
C. None of the choices
D. Analyze dreams related to jobs and /or occupations

56. A counselor who wants to suggest an easy-to read source for a client in search of a career
information should recommend
A. SIC C. SOC
B. DOT D. OOH

57. A client say she has always stayed home and raised her children. Now the children are grown
and she is seeking employment. She is best described
A. as a displaced home maker het
B. by a DSM diagnosis
C. as a victim of underemployment
D. as a victim of the hidden job market

58. The three stages of career development identified by Ginzberg and his associates are
_____________ .
A. Oral, anal and phallic
B. sensorimotor, formal and concrete
C. fantasy, tentative and realistic
D. informal, formal and concrete

59. In terms of genetics, Roe's Theory would assert that

A. Genetics are important while upbringing is not
B. Genetics help to determine intelligence and education, and hence this influences one's career
choice
C. Genetics play a very minor role in career choice
D. Genetics are important while the unconscious is not

60. Roe believes that an individual with parents who are warm and nurturing is likely to choose
an occupation which is ____________ .
A. Technical C. High paying
B. Non-person oriented D. Person oriented

61. Counseling is the heart of

A. teaching C. values
B. guidance D. education

62. Maris has been in the Guidance and Counseling profession of almost 38 years. She is now
focused at mentoring the new counselors in her office to become more adept in all factors of the
guidance work. What is the objective of Maris in this particular situation?
A. Maintaining a productive society
B. Acquiring basic habits of industry
C. Identifying with a worker
D. Job satisfaction

63. According to the concept of occupational sex segregation

A. men still make considerably less than women
B. most women hold low paying jobs with low status
C. most women hold job which require a college degree
D. most women hold high paying executive jobs

64. Roe spoke of three basic parenting styles: overprotective, avoidant or acceptant. The child
who will be exposed in this type of parenting style will
A. develop a personality which gravitates or moves towards or away from people
B. eventually have lots of jobs or lack of employment
C. suffer from depression in the work setting or will highly be motivated to succeed
D. experience neurosis or psychosis

65. Bill would really like to help others with whom he had grown up with especially in making
sure that justice is served. He initially wanted to be a policeman but realizing he is not so much
inclined to physical training, he believed be.ng a lawyer suits him. According to Gottfredson's
theory, this is an example of
A. compromise C. cognitive development
B. self-creation D. circumscription

66. Hackett and Betz (1981) and Lent, Brown and. Hackett (1994) focused on the personal
circumstances people place on events as they relate to career development where individuals and
environmental factors are considered. Which of the following statement does NOT belong to the
group?
A. Individuals have self-efficacy beliefs that they can accomplish their desired goals
B. Beliefs and outcome expectancies lead to developing individuals benefits
C. Individuals expect outcomes that support their beliefs
D. Interests predict personal goals in career decision-making

67. According to Ginzberg, a major task of 18 to 22 years-old individual is

A. identification of interests
B. clarification of values
C. realization of skills
D. crystallization of career choice
68. Regarding an individual's behavioral style or so-called model orientation, Holland believed
that
A. one's personality reflects career decision-making
B. most people are not pure personality type and thus can best be described by a distribution of
type such as Realistic, Social, Investigative (RSI)
C. occupational measures like the Strong Vocational Inventory are for the most part useless
D. every person has a pure or discrete orientation that fits perfectly into one of the six categories

69. The focus of counseling is

A. judging C. deciding solution
B. objective D. attitudes and behaviors

70. Jeremy is confused whether to accept a job overseas and leave his family or stay with his
family and live on a modest income. The counselor needs to provide Jeremy with ___________ .
A. follow- up C. value clarification
B. occupational information D. a referral

71. Learning experiences as the primary basis for career decision-making is articulated in
A. Learning Career Theory
B. Chance Encounter Theory
C. Developmental Theory of Occupational Aspirations
D. Developmental Task Theory

72. Which is the correct order of Linda Gottfredson's Developmental Theory of Occupational
Aspiration?
I. Orientation to sex role
II. Orientation to social valuation
III. Orientation to size and power
IV. Orientation to unique, internal self
A. III, II, I IV C. I, III, IV, II
B. III, I, II, IV D. II, III, I, IV

73. Counselors can best prepare clients for occupational placement by

A. arranging employment interviews for clients
B. teaching job-seeking and job-getting skills
C. administering battery of tests
D. enrolling them in training programs

74. Some career theorists emphasize classification of occupations. Holland used a hexagonal
model of personality type. Roe uses a
A. conical model of levels and groups
B. semicircular model of roles and stages
C. paradigm of steps overtime
D. cubistic model of problem, psychological state and self-comprehension

75. Katz designed a computer-based instrument used for value clarification career development.
This system is known as
A. NVGA C. VPI
B. CHOICE D. SIGI

76. Choice Theory of Reality Therapy posits that all internally motivated behavior is driven
towards meeting these basic needs EXCEPT:
A. Achievement C. Physiological
B. Belonging D. Inner directedness

77. The similarity between ones actual vocational behavior and what is expected for that stage of
development is depicted as:
A. Career development C. Career pattern
B. Career maturity D. Career success

78. Susie plans to cut back her working at home and begin passing her responsibilities to her
younger associates in anticipation of retirement. In what stage of the career model is Susie in?
A. Career plateau C. Achievement
B. Withdrawal D. Maintenance

79. The Self-Directed Search (SDS) is

A. based on the work of Holland
B. self scored and self – interpreted
C. seif-administered
D. none of these

80. When the past is discussed in Reality Therapy, the focus is on

A. irrational internal verbalizations
B. failures
C. successful behaviors
D. transference issues

81. According to Roe, a significant determinant of career choice is

A. early home climate C. school environment
B. gentic endowment D. worldview

82. The glass ceiling effect is a form of occupational sex role stereotyping
that can limit women's careers. Which of the following is a typical example?
A. Flora was chosen to replace her mother after retirement
B. Joanna is VP for operations, that is the highest she can have
C. Kate cannot be a manager, she is incompetent
D. Anna's father is a supervisor, she also becomes a supervisor

83. Which of the following strands is classified under the academic track?
A. ICT
B. Science, technology, Engineering and Math
C. Agriculture and Fishery
D. Industrial Arts
84. Which statement regarding the DOT ds false? ;
A. The last three digits alphabetize the order of titles
B. The last three digits of the Code convote transferable skills
C. The DOT lists over 20,000 job titles
D. The DOT is more comprehensive and more widely used than other career guide books
through the OOH is more readable

85. Tony had been in the Guidance and Counseling profession for 40 years. He is now focused at
mentoring the new counselors to become adept in all facets of the guidance work. What role is
Tony performing in his situation?
A. Acquiring a basic habit of industry
B. Contemplating a productive and. responsible life
C. Maintaining a productive society
D. Identification with the worker

86. An attempt towards market integration, characterized by free flow of

goods, services and investment, unhindered flow of finance capital, enhanced connectivity, and
expanded opportunities for regional labor migration is ______________ .
A. K to 12 C. Globalization
B. ASEAN 2015 Integration D. APEC summit 2015

87. Developmental career theorists view career choice as an on-going or so-called longitudinal
process rather than a single decision made at one point in time. The pioneer theorists in this area
who were the first to forsake the matching models were ____________ .
A. Brill and Bordin
B. Ginzberg, Axalrad and Herma |
C. Hoppock and Holland
D. Super and Roe

88. Who introduced the Life Career Window?

A. Ginzberg C. Holland
B. Roe D. Super

89. This concept of glass ceiling is somewhat analogous to the lavender ceiling which purports
that the same basic notion is true for
A. Women C. LGBT
B. Minorities D. Men

90. John Holland's theory can be best described by his four assumptions which includes the
following EXCEPT:
A. people search out an agreeable environment which prevents them to express their personality
types
B. most work environments correspond to six personality types
C. there are six personality types: RIASEC
D. the individuals' behavior is determined by an interaction of the personality and the
environment
91. A major advantage of using individual counseling rather than group counseling with students
is that individual counseling
A. employs decision-making skills
B. facilitate social skills
C. is used with parent consent
D. is the most confidential

92. The social learning theory permits the approach in career decision-making
A. behavioral C. cognitive
B. eclectic D. gestalt

93. When a counselor response includes congruent ideas and feelings from another frame of
reference to facilitate client exploration, Ivey would say that the counselor is using __________ .
A. skill integration C. basic empathy
B. additive empathy D. reflection of meaning

94. A study conducted indicates that the Slosson Intelligence Test-I (SIT-I) has a correlation of .
with the Stanford Binet (SB-IV). This level of correlation mean that there is
A. no relationship between what the SIT-I and the SB-IV measure in terms of an individual
intellectual functioning
B. a high level of relationship between what the SIT-I and the SB-IV measure in terms of an
individuals intellectual functioning
C. a duplication of test items in the SIT-I and the SB-IV
D. a low level of relationship between what the SIT-I and SB-IV measure in terms of an
individual's intellectual functioning

95. Since we all tell "stories" in our everyday life about our experiences, it makes sense to use
the ______________ approach in career counseling.
A. narrative C. psychodynamics
B. person-centered D. cognitive-behavioral

96. List of practicum sites and OJT coordination at a college career center is an example of
A. Recruitment service
B. Environmental placement
C. On the job training service
D. Educational awareness

97. What follows analysis in Wilhamson's six step procedure in career counseling?
A. Counseling C. Synthesis
B. Diagnosis D. Prognosis

98. Lorelie has been the Administrator of a Learning Resources Inc. for twenty years. If asked
what made her stayed that long in the company. She would always say that she is very much
satisfied with the office's culture and it would be hard to adjust to a new one. Her story illustrates
A. Adult Career Development
B. Value-based holistic approach in career development.
C. Personality Types and Work Environment Theory
D. Theory of Work adjustment

99. The following are characteristics of a dislocated worker EXCEPT:

A. an individual with an obsolete set of job skills
B. displaced homemaker
C. an individual who loses his or her job due to downsizing
D. a wife helping her husband work

100. One trend in career guidance is that women are moving into more careers that in the past
were populated by males. Women workers are often impacted by the "glass ceiling
phenomenon”. Assuming that a counselor's behavior is influenced by the phenomenon, which
statement would be most likely make when conducting a career counseling session with a female
client who wants to advance to a higher position?
A. "Your ability to advance in the corporate world is generally based on your mother's attitudes
towards work. Can you tell me a little about that?”
B. "Let's be rational. A woman can only advance so far. You really have very little if any chance
of becoming a corporate executive. I am here to help you cope with this
reality.”
C. “In most cases, a female will work in a position that is at the same level with her father. Did
your Dad ever work as a corporate executive?"
D. "Actually, women can advance quite rapidly in the corporate world. I support you 100%. I'd
say you should be optimistic to go for the position."

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