Multiple Choice

1. What does the concept of diversity in the workplace refer to?

a. Physical differences among employees

b. Social differences among employees
c. Historical differences among groups
d. Managerial difference among employees

Answer: b. Social differences among employees

2. The mainstream approach to Diversity Management supports:

a. The business case.

b. The social justice approach.
c. A radical approach to equal opportunities
d. Affirmative action

Answer: a. The business case

3. The HR function can promote equality and inclusion by:

a. Employing people of different races

b. Collecting information about employees’ gender, race, religion, sexuality and ethnic
group
c. Providing diversity training to all employees
d. Publishing the organization’s demographic data

Answer: c. Providing diversity training to all employees

4. Organizational Diversity Initiatives should fit in with the:

a. Organizational brand
b. Organizational culture
c. CSR strategy
d. Corporate structure

Answer: b. Organizational culture

5. The HR function should be responsible for the organization’s equality and diversity
strategy because:
 a. It involves experts in the management of people
b. It can easily coordinate activities across the whole organisation
c. It can buttress the integration of equality and diversity across the different areas of the
business
d. It has direct access to the demographic of the organisation

Answer: c. It can buttress the integration of equality and diversity across the different areas of
the business

6. Most social scientists believe individual personality is influenced by two main factors:
a. Inherited characteristics and social environment
b. Local environment and family traits
c. Social class and family environment
d. Education and genetic make-up
e. None of the above
answer: a
7. Nomothetic researchers into personality take an approach which is broadly:
a. Interpretive
b. Scientific
c. Holistic
d. Impressionistic
e. All of the above
Answer: b
8. The idiographic approach believes that early family life contributes to personality
development:
a. Occasionally
b. Significantly
c. Rarely
d. Minimally
Answer:b
9. Which of the following is not one of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality difference:
a. Conscientiousness and heedlessness
b. Emotional stability and instability
c. Orderliness/untidiness
d. Extraversion/introversion
Answer : c
10. Nativists believe that intelligence is mostly:
a. Developed by experience
b. Inherited
c. A fixed quantity
d. Empirical
answer: b
11. In a Diversity Management approach, organizations seek to achieve a situation where:
a. Individual differences are created through training.
b. All categories of disadvantaged groups are represented at management level.
c. The organization has a homogeneous workforce.
d. Individual differences are valued by the business.
Answer : a
12. What tasks does Human resource management involve?
a) Attracting employees to the organization
b) Recruiting employees
c) Retaining employees
d) All of the above
answer: d
13. What does Unitarism as a human resource management approach assume?
a) People are individuals and should be treated as such.
b) People are individuals but should be part of a group.
c) People in the organization share the same aims and objectives.
d) People in the organization engage in internal competition.
Answer: c
14. To what does diversity in the workplace refer to?
a) The number of people employed from different ethnic groups.
b) Increasing the number of women employed in the organisation.
c) The number of different religious affiliation held by employees in the
organisation.
 d) The range of personal characteristics of employees in an organisation.
Answer: d
15. Which of these is not part of human resource policy?
a) Reward systems
b) Staff appraisals
c) Staff development
d) Suppliers choice
answer: d
16. What is a PDP?
a) Personal Development Plan
b) People Development Plan
c) Personnel Development Plan
d) Personal Development Payment
answer: a
17. Which of the following is not included in a job design?
a) Identifying what tasks need to be carried out
b) When and how tasks are to be carried out
c) The number of tasks to be carried out
d) The payment rates for the tasks carried out
answer: d
18. What is the purpose of employee relations?
a) Adhere to the law pertaining to workers' rights
b) Maintain a harmonious working environment
c) Undertake conflict resolution
d) All of the above
answer: d
19. Emotional intelligence refers to qualities such as understanding one's own feelings,
empathy for others and
a. possessing above average verbal and math skills.
b. the regulation of emotion to enhance living.
c. having a good sense of human.
d. understanding human relations research.
Answer: b
20. Effective decision makers do not rely on careful analysis alone. Instead they also use
their intuition which is/are often based on:
a. stored in information that is reorganized.
b. help from others on the decision making team.
c. rational model for decision making.
d. logic model.
Answer: a
21. The flow experience in decision making is likely to occur when the decision maker is
able have mental ____________ on the issues that are involved in making the decision.
a. intuition
b. concentration
c. flexibility
d. Rigidity
Answer : b
22. The personalities of creative people tend to have all of the following characteristics
except:
a. A positive self-image without being blindly self-confident.
b. Can work along in isolation necessary for developing ideas.
c. Frequently considered to be nonconformists and do not need strong approval from the
group.
d. Have a low tolerance for ambiguity, must have clear directions on all task.
Answer : d
23. The organization can create an environment that enhances creativity by all of the
following ways except:
a. Arrange for enough conflict to put people on the edge.
b. Provide support and encouragement for creativity.
c. Punish individual who make mistakes and take risk.
d. Encourage human and levity in the work environment.
Answer : c
24. All of the following are ways that can be used to improve your creativity except:
a. Stick to the traditional mental set.
b. Discipline yourself to think laterally.
c. Conduct brainstorming session.
d. Concentrate intensely on the task at hand.
Answer : a
25. Creativity is likely to occur when three components come together which involve
expertise, creative thinking skills and
a. right type of motivation.
b. proper lighting in the work environment.
c. stable economical conditions.
d. extrinsically motivating conditions in the work environment.
Answer : a
26. A major challenge in developing creative thinking skills is to learn how to think
________ in addition to _______.
a. emotionally, rationally
b. Vertically, rationally
c. Logical, lateral
d. Lateral, vertically
Answer : d
27. _______________is creative technique in which you arrive at creative ideas by jotting
them down yourself rather than working in a group.
a. Brainstorming
b. Brainmining
c. Brainwriting
d. Brainreading
Answer : c
28. A widely used method of releasing creativity is the _______________ technique in which
individuals or groups solve a problem by making association between the properties of
two objects.
a. free-association
b. paired-association
c. forced-association
d. natural-association
answer : c
29. _____ is the set of forces that energize, direct, and sustain behavior. Answer : a
a. Motivation b. Expectancy
c. Empowerment d. Socialization
30. Which of the following statements regarding internal forces of motivation is true”?
a. They are more important to understand than external forces of motivation.
b. They are less important to understand than external forces of motivation.
c. They are as important as external forces of motivation.
d. They are seldom recognized by managers.
Answer : c
31. Which of the following is NOT 'pull” force of motivation?
a. availability of training
b. performance level goals
c. rewards and compensation
d. pressure for high levels of output
answer : b
32. Which of the following is NOT an internal motivational force?
a. goals b. needs c. attitudes d. feedback
answer :d
33. Which of these is the purpose of recruitment?
a. Make sure that there is match between cost and benefit
b. Help increase the success rate of the selection process by reducing the number of
visibly underqualified or over qualified job applicants.
c. Help the firm create more culturally diverse work – force
d. None of the above
answer: b
34. The poor quality of selection will mean extra cost on _______ and supervision.
a. Training
b. Recruitment
c. Work quality
d. None of the above
Answer: a
35. While recruiting for non - managerial, supervisory and middle - management positions
which external factor is of prime importance?
a. Political - Legal
b. Unemployment rate
c. Labour market
d. Growth and Expansion answer: c
36. Which of the following act deals with recruitment and selection?
a. Child labour act
b. The apprentices act
c. Mines act
d. All of the above
Answer: d
37. A major internal factor that can determine the success of the recruiting programme is
whether or not the company engages in ______.
a. HRP
b. Selection
c. Induction
d. None of the above
Answer: a
38. _________ refers to the process of identifying and attracting job seekers so as to build a
pool of qualified job applicants.
a. Selection
b. Training
c. Recruitments
d. Induction
answer: c
39. Rearrange the following steps of recruitment.
I. Searching
II. Evaluation and control
III. Planning
IV. Screening
V. Strategy development

a. III, II, I, V, IV
b. III, V, I, IV, II
c. IV, V, III, I, II
d. II, I, IV, V, III answer: b

40. What is the natural perception of people on the process of recruitment and selection?
a. Positive
b. Negative
c. Both positive and negative
d. None of the above
Answer: a
41. Which mode of recruitment is through advertisements, newspapers and want ads?
 a. Direct
b. Indirect
c. On payroll
d. None of the above
Answer: b
42. Identifying the right people in rival companies, offering them better terms and luring
them away is popularly called as __________.
a. cpetition
b. Acquisition
c. Poaching
d. None of the above
Answer: c
43. Which of these is an alternative to recruitments?
a. Employee leasing
b. Contractors
c. Trade associations
d. None of the above
answer: a
44. ______ is the process of differentiating between applicants in order to identify and hire
those with a greater likelihood of success in a job.
a. False negative error
b. Training
c. Selection
d. None of the above
answer: c
45. In __________, the interviewer uses pre-set standardised questions which are put to all
applicants.
a. Unstructured interview
b. Structured interview
c. Behavioural interview
d. Mixed interview
answer: b
46. _______ occurs when an interviewer judges an applicant's entire potential for job
performance on the basis of a single trait, such as how the applicant dresses or talks.
a. Stress producing
b. Halo - effect
c. Unstructured
d. None of the above answer: b
47. Which of the selection steps is the most critical?
a. Physical examination
b. Selection decision
c. Reference and background checks
d. Employment interviews
answer: b
48. According to Gordon Allport, ________ is defined as the dynamic organization within
the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to
his environment.
A) cognitive dissonance
B) heredity
C) personality
D) descent
E) genealogy answer: c

49. Who defined personality as the dynamic organization within the individual of those
psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment?
A) Leon Festinger
B) Dr. Sigmund Freud
C) Gordon Allport
D) Abraham Maslow
E) Ivan Pavlov answer: c

50. ________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with
others.
A) Talent
B) Skill
C) Knowledge
D) Heredity
E) Personality

51. Esther Lugo has gone for an interview at an advertising firm in Manhattan and has been
asked to complete a self-report survey to help interviewers understand if she is the right
candidate for the job. From the interview, they have found that she is extroverted,
empathic, scrupulous, and cooperative in nature, which are key characteristics needed for
the job. These characteristics about Lugo indicate her ________.
A) talent
B) skill
C) knowledge
 D) genealogy
E) personality

52. Which of the following is the most common means of measuring personality?
A) in-depth interviews
B) self-report surveys
C) career portfolio
D) reference interviews
E) stress interviews

53. Which of the following is a drawback of self-report surveys?

A) It can hold only a limited number of questions.
B) It involves a large number of people in the evaluation process.
C) It may have biased results if the surveyor's judgement is biased.
D) It comprises of a large number of complex statistical data.
E) It may result in the respondent lying to create a good impression.

54. In ________, a co-worker or another observer does an independent assessment of

personality, with or without the subject's knowledge.
A) observer-ratings surveys
B) paid surveys
C) knowledge surveys
D) deviation surveys
E) cadastral surveys

55. Tracy Winter works at a publishing firm in London and recently received an e-mail from
the human resource department of her company, asking her to study a colleague, Cindy
Camp's behavior and attention toward her work without her knowledge. Winter now
needs to scrutinize her behavior and notice if she is free from distractions and pays
sufficient importance to her tasks. Which of the following is Winter conducting?
A) observer-ratings survey
B) informational interview
C) knowledge survey
D) participant observation
E) focus group survey

56. Which of the following terms refers to factors such as one's biological, physiological, and
inherent psychological makeup determined at conception?
A) social identity
B) heredity
 C) behavioral contagion
D) self-concordance
E) social loafing

57. Which of the following statements is true about personality?

A) Personality is free from the influence of the environment.
B) Personality remains constant over time.
C) Personality can be measured solely through personal interviews.
D) Personality is influenced by hereditary factors.
E) Parents highly influence the development of our personality.
58. Which of the following does the heredity approach state?
A) An individual's personality is determined by the social background one is brought up
in.
B) An individual's personality is determined by molecular structure of the genes.
C) An individual's personality is influenced by the economic settings he is surrounded by.
D) A person's personality traits are created by the company he keeps i.e., his friends and
family.
E) A person's personality traits are largely influenced by global trends and characteristics.

59. The ________ is a personality assessment consisting of 100-questions where respondents

are classified as extraverted-introverted, sensing-intuitive, thinking-feeling, and judging-
perceiving.
A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
B) Birkman Method
C) Karolinska Scales of Personality
D) Keirsey Temperament Sorter
E) Taylor-Johnson Temperament Analysis

60. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging
to the ________ type are practical and prefer routine and order and focus on details.
A) sensing
B) extraverted
C) feeling
D) perceiving
E) intuitive

61. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging
to the ________ type are flexible and spontaneous.
A) thinking
B) judging
 C) introverted
D) sensing
E) perceiving

62. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging
to the judging type ________.
A) are quiet, shy and introverted
B) rely on unconscious processes
C) prefer their world to be ordered
D) are flexible and spontaneous
E) rely on personal values and emotions
63. ________ is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence
of effort toward attaining a goal.
A) Leadership
B) Management
C) Learning
D) Emotional labor
E) Motivation

64. The ________ dimension of motivation measures how long a person can maintain effort.
A) direction
B) persistence
C) intensity
D) knowledge
E) experience

65. The ________ element of motivation describes how hard a person tries.
A) intelligence
B) experience
C) direction
D) intensity
E) persistence
.
66. Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one's hunger, thirst, and other bodily
needs?
A) safety
B) physiological
C) social
D) esteem
E) psychological

67. Which of the following needs would most likely motivate Joanna?
A) social
B) esteem
C) physiological
D) self-actualization
E) safety

68. Which of the following needs would most likely motivate Josephine?
A) social
B) esteem
C) physiological
D) self-actualization
E) safety

69. Which of the following needs would motivate Jonathan the most?
A) social
B) esteem
C) physiological
D) self-actualization
E) safety

70. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is a lower-order need?
A) social
B) safety
C) esteem
D) self-actualization
E) recognition

71. If we consider Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the context of Japan, Greece, and Mexico, where
uncertainty-avoidance characteristics are strong then ________ needs would be on top of the hierarchy.
A) self actualization
B) security
C) social
D) esteem
E) growth

72. Which of the following needs in Maslow's hierarchy refers to the drive to become what one is capable of
becoming?
A) social
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) esteem
E) safety

73. Why is Maslow's theory criticized?

A) The concept of self-actualization was unfounded.
B) There is little evidence that needs are structured or operate in the way it describes.
C) The esteem need is a more powerful motivator than self-actualization.
D) Its terminology tends to alienate those to whom it is applied.
E) It does not adequately describe how an organization can satisfy higher-order needs.
 74. According to Douglas McGregor's Theory Y, a manager assumes that employees ________.
A) need to be directed
B) prefer to be controlled
C) learn to accept responsibility
D) need to be micromanaged
E) attempt to avoid work

75. If Alberta is a categorized as a Theory X manager, which of the following behaviors is she most likely to
exhibit?
A) She will empower her subordinates.
B) She will trust her employees to use their discretion in most matters.
C) She will strictly control all the details of any project she is managing.
D) She will delegate authority extensively to junior managers.
E) She will let her employees choose their own goals.

76. The ________ theory is also called motivation-hygiene theory.

A) hierarchy of needs
B) goal-setting
C) self-determination
D) cognitive evaluation
E) two-factor

77. Which of the following theories proposes the idea of a dual continuum?
A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
B) self-determination theory
C) two-factor theory
D) cognitive evaluation theory
E) McClelland's theory of needs