PACIFIC Exchange Rate Service http://fx.sauder.ubc.

ca
Foreign Currency Units per 1 British Pound, 1950-2018
U.S. German Japanese French Swiss Italian Canadian Australian
Dollars Marks Yen Francs Francs Lira Dollars Dollars
Year USD DEM JPY FRF CHF ITL CAD AUD
1950 2.8000 11.7459 1011.08 9.791 12.2443 1748.9 3.0492 2.5000
1951 2.8000 11.7459 1011.08 9.799 12.2443 1750.0 2.9484 2.5000
1952 2.8000 11.7459 1011.08 9.799 12.2443 1750.0 2.7412 2.5000
1953 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 9.799 12.2443 1750.0 2.7524 2.5000
1954 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 9.799 12.2443 1750.0 2.7244 2.5000
1955 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 9.799 12.2443 1750.0 2.7608 2.5000
1956 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 9.794 12.2443 1750.0 2.7552 2.5000
1957 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 10.126 12.2443 1750.0 2.6848 2.5000
1958 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 11.752 12.2443 1749.3 2.7177 2.5000
1959 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1739.0 2.6855 2.5000
1960 2.8000 11.7600 1008.00 c 13.824 12.2443 1747.2 2.7154 2.5000
1961 2.8000 11.2933 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 2.8366 2.5000
1962 2.8000 11.2000 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 2.9925 2.5000
1963 2.8000 11.2000 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 3.0198 2.5000
1964 2.8000 11.2000 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 3.0201 2.5000
1965 2.8000 11.2000 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 3.0184 2.5000
1966 2.8000 11.2000 1008.00 13.824 12.2443 1750.0 3.0165 2.5000
1967 2.7616 11.0466 994.19 13.634 12.0765 1726.0 2.9790 2.4658
1968 2.4000 9.6000 864.00 11.849 10.4951 1500.0 2.5859 2.1429
1969 2.4000 9.4640 864.00 12.466 10.4951 1500.0 2.5843 2.1429
1970 2.4000 8.7840 864.00 13.330 10.4951 1500.0 2.5078 2.1429
1971 2.4336 8.5355 853.40 13.483 10.0600 1509.7 2.4574 2.1480
1972 2.4976 7.9638 757.19 12.599 9.5388 1456.6 2.4724 2.0947
1973 2.4500 6.5477 665.66 10.909 7.7537 1428.3 2.4502 1.7250
1974 2.3378 6.0496 682.82 11.244 6.9648 1520.4 2.2864 1.6287
1975 2.2122 5.4426 656.55 9.485 5.7103 1444.2 2.2501 1.6898
1976 1.7969 4.5246 532.88 8.630 4.4916 1495.6 1.7718 1.4704
1977 1.7444 4.0508 468.38 8.556 4.1926 1539.2 1.8551 1.5731
1978 1.9175 3.8516 403.53 8.654 3.4286 1627.3 2.1873 1.6753
1979 2.1178 3.8817 464.10 9.010 3.5214 1759.6 2.4809 1.8947
1980 2.3240 4.2242 526.94 9.820 3.8943 1990.4 2.7172 2.0410
1981 2.0095 4.5414 443.16 10.921 3.9471 2284.3 2.4092 1.7487
1982 1.7469 4.2390 435.11 11.481 3.5467 2362.7 2.1552 1.7222
1983 1.5158 3.8702 360.02 11.552 3.1818 2302.2 1.8681 1.6825
1984 1.3301 3.7855 315.94 11.624 3.1254 2337.0 1.7226 1.5157
1985 1.2833 3.7780 306.11 11.531 3.1532 2450.4 1.7523 1.8375
1986 1.4659 3.1831 247.03 10.153 2.6369 2185.3 2.0368 2.1929
1987 1.6342 2.9373 236.36 9.823 2.4369 2118.0 2.1669 2.3339
1988 1.7788 3.1240 227.96 10.596 2.6029 2315.4 2.1892 2.2767
1989 1.6362 3.0761 225.74 10.439 2.6767 2245.0 1.9372 2.0691
1990 1.7756 2.8690 257.10 9.669 2.4666 2127.4 2.0718 2.2747
1991 1.7636 2.9268 237.57 9.951 2.5290 2188.0 2.0206 2.2641
1992 1.7551 2.7408 222.28 9.291 2.4680 2163.0 2.1214 2.3898
1993 1.4998 2.4796 166.77 8.494 2.2161 2360.2 1.9349 2.2055
1994 1.5304 2.4835 156.42 8.497 2.0931 2467.7 2.0900 2.0932
1995 1.5781 2.2616 148.44 7.877 1.8661 2570.6 2.1659 2.1289
1996 1.5602 2.3477 169.71 7.981 1.9284 2407.3 2.1272 1.9937
1997 1.6371 2.8388 198.07 9.555 2.3759 2788.1 2.2668 2.2058
1998 1.6561 2.9142 216.79 9.770 2.4011 2875.4 2.4568 2.6362
1999 1.6180 2.9703 184.30 9.962 2.4304 2940.6 2.4039 2.5078
2000 1.5130 3.2119 163.05 10.772 2.5552 3179.8 2.2470 2.6097
2001 1.4396 3.1464 174.95 10.553 2.4294 3114.9 2.2295 2.7833
2002 1.4987 3.1147 187.93 10.446 2.3360 3083.5 2.3520 2.7585
2003 1.6327 2.8294 189.29 9.489 2.1987 2801.1 2.2875 2.5175
2004 1.8309 2.8840 198.09 9.672 2.2767 2855.1 2.3820 2.4896
2005 1.8182 2.8595 200.40 9.590 2.2640 2830.9 2.2032 2.3809
2006 1.8400 2.8686 213.99 9.621 2.3070 2840.0 2.0872 2.4434
2007 2.0009 2.8593 235.61 9.590 2.4018 2830.7 2.1492 2.3912
2008 1.8383 2.4546 190.01 8.232 1.9911 2430.0 1.9616 2.1916
2009 1.5578 2.1933 145.77 7.356 1.6951 2171.3 1.7808 1.9974
euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

2010 1.5452 2.2818 135.63 7.653 1.6115 2259.0 1.5918 1.6845

2011 1.6022 2.2542 127.87 7.560 1.4228 2231.7 1.5854 1.5533
2012 1.5797 2.4046 126.04 8.065 1.4812 2380.5 1.5784 1.5256
2013 1.5633 2.3029 152.57 7.723 1.4491 2279.8 1.6099 1.6194
2014 1.6455 2.4257 174.33 8.135 1.5075 2401.4 1.8201 1.8254
2015 1.5278 2.6942 184.93 9.036 1.4703 2667.3 1.9542 2.0336
2016 1.3502 2.3873 146.89 8.007 1.3305 2363.5 1.7895 1.8163
2017 1.2870 2.2337 144.36 7.492 1.2673 2211.4 1.6702 1.6792
2018 1.3341 2.2105 147.31 7.414 1.3046 2188.4 1.7286 1.7855
© 2019 by Prof. Werner Antweiler, University of British Columbia. All rights reserved. Sources: IMF, World Bank, OECD, Own.
 PACIFIC Exchange Rate Service http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca
Foreign Currency Units per 1 British Pound, 1950-2018
Austrian Belgian Danish Finnish Norwegian Spanish Swedish Portuguese
Schillings Francs Kroner Markka Kroner Pesetas Krona Escudo
Year ATS BEF DKK FIM NOK ESP SEK PTE
1950 55.989 140.000 19.3400 6.4680 20.0000 111.44 14.484 80.500
1951 59.802 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 111.02 14.485 80.500
1952 59.802 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 111.02 14.485 80.500
1953 68.359 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 111.02 14.485 80.500
1954 72.800 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 109.06 14.485 80.500
1955 72.800 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 109.06 14.485 80.500
1956 72.800 140.000 19.3400 6.4400 20.0000 109.06 14.485 80.500
1957 72.800 140.000 19.3400 7.0700 20.0000 115.64 14.485 80.500
1958 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 117.60 14.485 80.500
1959 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 142.80 14.485 80.500
1960 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1961 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1962 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1963 72.800 140.000 19.3400 c 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1964 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1965 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1966 72.800 140.000 19.3400 8.9600 20.0000 168.00 14.485 80.500
1967 71.803 138.082 19.2115 9.5276 19.7260 170.30 14.287 79.397
1968 62.400 120.000 18.0000 10.0799 17.1429 168.00 12.416 69.000
1969 62.400 120.000 18.0000 10.0799 17.1429 168.00 12.416 69.000
1970 62.400 120.000 18.0000 10.0799 17.1429 168.00 12.416 69.000
1971 60.804 119.383 18.0725 10.1830 17.1710 169.06 12.474 69.016
1972 57.732 109.929 17.3563 10.3557 16.4546 160.52 11.894 67.568
1973 47.970 95.491 14.8210 9.3617 14.1260 142.73 10.700 60.061
1974 43.699 91.060 14.2485 8.8222 12.9506 134.86 10.378 59.399
1975 38.529 81.362 12.7116 8.1379 11.5630 126.99 9.185 56.527
1976 32.236 69.370 10.8624 6.9440 9.8049 120.22 7.827 54.319
1977 28.829 62.523 10.4718 7.0288 9.2862 132.51 7.818 66.769
1978 27.846 60.387 10.5745 7.8951 10.0522 147.01 8.664 84.251
1979 28.310 62.092 11.1418 8.2497 10.7248 142.16 9.079 103.612
1980 30.068 67.957 13.0979 8.6687 11.4787 166.63 9.829 116.344
1981 32.005 74.610 14.3143 8.6714 11.5334 185.52 10.175 123.676
1982 29.801 79.816 14.5558 8.4207 11.2745 191.91 10.975 138.831
1983 27.229 77.505 13.8618 8.4430 11.0597 217.41 11.622 167.918
1984 26.615 76.860 13.7756 7.9941 10.8558 213.83 11.003 194.718
1985 26.551 76.199 13.5983 7.9537 11.0328 218.22 11.041 218.666
1986 22.379 65.482 11.8602 7.4312 10.8396 205.29 10.442 219.272
1987 20.660 61.011 11.1783 7.1832 11.0102 201.79 10.361 230.228
1988 21.964 65.404 11.9742 7.4405 11.5925 207.21 10.899 256.068
1989 21.648 64.473 11.9609 7.0213 11.2971 193.69 10.548 257.633
1990 20.189 59.338 10.9887 6.7892 11.1150 181.00 10.510 253.126
1991 20.592 60.225 11.2809 7.1320 11.4335 183.26 10.665 254.811
1992 19.287 56.425 10.5939 7.8618 10.9070 179.68 10.221 236.932
1993 17.446 51.888 9.7246 8.5673 10.6398 190.86 11.674 241.168
1994 17.480 51.202 9.7341 7.9940 10.8009 205.01 11.808 254.034
1995 15.910 46.523 8.8412 6.8911 9.9976 196.77 11.257 238.462
1996 16.517 48.305 9.0469 7.1667 10.0628 197.61 10.462 240.645
1997 19.980 58.565 10.8122 8.4989 11.5799 239.69 12.499 287.004
1998 20.501 60.115 11.0973 8.8504 12.4955 247.42 13.166 298.273
1999 20.897 61.263 11.2874 9.0296 12.6189 252.69 13.368 304.467
2000 22.598 66.247 12.2299 9.7643 13.3173 273.24 13.863 329.238
2001 22.137 64.896 11.9812 9.5651 12.9441 267.67 14.869 322.521
2002 21.913 64.241 11.8322 9.4686 11.9657 264.97 14.593 319.267
2003 19.906 58.358 10.7559 8.6014 11.5601 240.70 13.203 290.028
2004 20.290 59.483 10.9690 8.7672 12.3418 245.34 13.455 295.619
2005 20.118 58.979 10.9035 8.6929 11.7137 243.26 13.587 293.113
2006 20.182 59.167 10.9419 8.7207 11.8004 244.04 13.576 294.050
2007 20.117 58.975 10.8924 8.6923 11.7287 243.25 13.524 293.093
2008 17.269 50.626 9.3721 7.4619 10.3683 208.81 12.117 251.604
2009 15.431 45.237 8.3513 6.6675 9.7961 186.58 11.923 224.819
euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

euro-based pseudo rate

2010 16.054 47.063 8.6901 6.9367 9.3392 194.12 11.137 233.896

2011 15.859 46.494 8.6018 6.8528 8.9797 191.77 10.404 231.066
2012 16.917 49.596 9.1502 7.3099 9.1897 204.56 10.702 246.481
2013 16.202 47.498 8.7801 7.0007 9.1846 195.91 10.183 236.055
2014 17.066 50.031 9.2351 7.3741 10.3692 206.36 11.289 248.646
2015 18.955 55.570 10.2787 8.1904 12.3203 229.20 12.887 276.171
2016 16.796 49.240 9.0891 7.2575 11.3416 203.09 11.560 244.713
2017 15.715 46.071 8.4979 6.7905 10.6456 190.03 11.002 228.966
2018 15.552 45.593 8.4242 6.7199 10.8501 188.05 11.596 226.587
© 2019 by Prof. Werner Antweiler, University of British Columbia. All rights reserved. Sources: IMF, World Bank, OECD, Own.
 PACIFIC Exchange Rate Service http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca
Foreign Currency Units per 1 British Pound, 1950-2018
Hong Kong Indian Indonesian New Zealand Pakistani Philippines Singapore Thai
Dollars Rupees Rupiah Dollars Rupees Pesos Dollars Baht
Year HKD INR IDR NZD PKR PHP SGD THB
1950 16.000 13.333 2.0000 9.2639 5.6000 8.5714 62.549
1951 16.000 13.333 2.0000 9.2639 5.6000 8.5714 60.357
1952 16.000 13.333 2.0000 9.2639 5.6000 8.5714 52.847
1953 16.000 13.333 2.0000 9.2639 5.6000 8.5714 51.039
1954 16.000 13.333 2.0000 9.2639 5.6000 8.5714 59.173
1955 16.000 13.333 2.0000 10.9595 5.6000 8.5714 60.584
1956 16.000 13.333 2.0000 13.3333 5.6000 8.5714 58.184
1957 16.000 13.333 2.0000 13.3333 5.6000 8.5714 58.100
1958 16.000 13.333 2.0000 13.3333 5.6000 8.5714 58.777
1959 16.000 13.333 2.0000 13.3333 5.6000 8.5714 59.276
1960 16.000 13.333 2.0000 13.3333 5.6420 8.5714 59.309
1961 16.000 13.333 2.0034 13.3333 5.6560 8.5714 58.964
1962 16.000 13.333 2.0137 13.3333 10.4380 8.5714 58.464
1963 16.000 13.333 2.0137 13.3333 10.9492 8.5714 58.324
1964 16.000 13.333 2.0137 13.3333 10.9480 8.5714 58.240
1965 16.000 13.333 2.0137 13.3333 10.9457 8.5714 58.240
1966 16.000 17.806 2.0137 13.3333 10.9200 8.5714 58.240
1967 15.861 20.712 413.10 2.0261 13.1507 10.7704 8.4540 57.442
1968 14.545 18.000 711.10 2.1429 11.4286 9.3600 7.3469 49.920
1969 14.545 18.000 782.40 2.1429 11.4286 9.3600 7.3469 49.920
1970 14.545 18.000 870.80 2.1429 11.4286 14.1704 7.3469 49.920
1971 14.554 18.232 953.65 2.1430 11.5884 15.6520 7.4241 50.618
1972 14.090 18.968 1036.49 2.0897 21.6823 16.6708 7.0244 51.949
1973 12.609 18.968 1016.73 1.8052 24.4855 16.5526 6.0204 50.517
1974 11.763 18.940 970.18 1.6725 23.1440 15.8686 5.6969 47.632
1975 10.918 18.529 918.06 1.8412 21.9007 16.0337 5.2458 45.083
1976 8.813 16.101 745.72 1.8057 17.7894 13.3695 4.4399 36.657
1977 8.132 15.243 723.91 1.7972 17.2693 12.9133 4.2552 35.585
1978 8.981 15.710 847.63 1.8493 18.9835 14.1241 4.3605 38.995
1979 10.595 17.209 1319.53 2.0723 20.9665 15.6244 4.6053 43.244
1980 11.564 18.273 1457.13 2.3860 23.0075 17.4565 4.9761 47.587
1981 11.232 17.399 1269.50 2.3165 19.8938 15.8742 4.2454 43.848
1982 10.603 16.517 1155.43 2.3279 20.6962 14.9184 3.7384 40.179
1983 11.012 15.308 1378.25 2.2688 19.8825 16.8445 3.2029 34.863
1984 10.399 15.114 1364.64 2.3463 18.6834 22.2114 2.8373 31.443
1985 9.998 15.873 1425.20 2.5966 20.4408 23.8786 2.8234 34.853
1986 11.439 18.486 1880.04 2.8044 24.4028 29.8824 3.1918 38.550
1987 12.744 21.181 2686.35 2.7692 28.4328 33.6113 3.4416 42.036
1988 13.885 24.756 2998.57 2.7152 32.0246 37.5236 3.5797 44.993
1989 12.762 26.548 2896.17 2.7360 33.6100 35.5655 3.1910 42.054
1990 13.832 31.080 3272.17 2.9763 38.5445 43.1667 3.2184 45.431
1991 13.705 40.109 3439.62 3.0573 41.9755 48.4619 3.0467 45.002
1992 13.585 45.488 3562.68 3.2676 44.0223 44.7765 2.8590 44.579
1993 11.602 45.734 3130.23 2.7754 42.1551 40.6743 2.4234 37.974
1994 11.828 48.014 3306.80 2.5810 46.7789 40.4287 2.3376 38.489
1995 12.208 51.174 3548.56 2.4048 49.9357 40.5803 2.2368 39.319
1996 12.067 55.282 3654.37 2.2698 56.2887 40.9014 2.1999 39.539
1997 12.675 59.448 4762.95 2.4760 67.3037 48.2464 2.4308 51.347
1998 12.827 68.330 16583.69 3.0940 74.6024 67.7235 2.7717 68.496
1999 12.551 69.663 12709.43 3.0573 80.0908 63.2450 2.7424 61.182
2000 11.788 67.997 12742.29 3.3304 81.1707 66.8637 2.6084 60.690
2001 11.227 67.928 14771.15 3.4244 89.1481 73.4072 2.5793 63.963
2002 11.689 72.855 13955.13 3.2406 89.5109 77.3408 2.6836 64.386
2003 12.714 76.058 14004.11 2.8117 94.2932 88.4992 2.8445 67.733
2004 14.259 82.970 16366.12 2.7622 106.6642 102.6034 3.0946 73.643
2005 14.141 80.182 17645.04 2.5823 108.2085 100.1557 3.0262 73.128
2006 14.293 83.364 16852.88 2.8373 110.8975 94.4168 2.9236 69.702
2007 15.610 82.735 18290.35 2.7226 121.5325 92.3390 3.0156 69.068
2008 14.315 79.978 17830.08 2.6155 129.4346 81.4817 2.6010 61.241
2009 12.076 75.407 16185.74 2.4939 127.2947 74.2768 2.2659 53.411
2010 12.005 70.654 14046.24 2.1444 131.6387 69.7020 2.1068 48.960
2011 12.472 74.776 14052.01 2.0281 138.3396 69.3964 2.0152 48.854
2012 12.253 84.413 14827.70 1.9498 147.5328 66.7072 1.9741 49.101
2013 12.125 91.608 16354.36 1.9063 158.8794 66.3574 1.9562 48.035
2014 12.759 100.422 19523.83 1.9835 166.3570 73.0508 2.0849 53.445
2015 11.843 98.010 20456.05 2.1908 157.0086 69.5182 2.1004 52.323
2016 10.481 90.727 17968.82 1.9396 141.4586 64.1240 1.8654 47.657
2017 10.030 83.811 17221.09 1.8113 135.7205 64.8694 1.7772 43.680
2018 10.457 91.248 18993.18 1.9279 162.5227 70.2544 1.7995 43.104
© 2019 by Prof. Werner Antweiler, University of British Columbia. All rights reserved. Sources: IMF, World Bank, OECD, Own.