BY:

E.VIKRAM (11M91A0441) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

K.SAI KUMAR (11M91A0445) G.RAMCHANDRA KUMAR
K.RAGHU NANDAN(11M91A0447)
 The main purpose of this project is to switch ON
and OFF street lights without manual operation.

 By using this system energy consumption is

reduced .

 IR sensors and micro controller are the main

components of the project.

 IR sensor is like our eye which detect the presence

of an object.
 In the present days Automated systems have less
manual operations, high flexibility, and accurate.

 Especially in the field of electronics automated

systems are giving good performance.

 our project is to control the switching of Street

Lights automatically.

 IR’s which detects the vehicle with the micro

controller are used.
 Regulated Power Supply

IR

IR MICROCONTROLLER HIGH POWER

AT89S52
LED’s

IR
 Microcontroller (AT89S52)

IR Sensors

Light Dependent Resistor[LDR]

Light Emitting Diode [LED]

 1
T1
1 5

230V AC
- +
2 4 1 7805 3
4 8 2
4 X IN4001
470uf 0.1uf 0.1uf

3
SW1
U1 40
10uf
9 VCC 31
RST EA
10k 1 10
P1.0 P3.0/RXD 330

2 11
P1.1 P3.1/TXD 330

3 12
P1.2 P3.2/INT0 330
10k
4 13
E + P1.3 P3.3/INT1 330

+ D 5 14
330 P1.4 P3.4/T0 330

MOC 7811 6
P1.5 P3.5/T1
15
330
10k.
7 16
E + P1.6 P3.6/WR

+ D 8 17
330 P1.7 P3.7/RD

MOC 7811
18 X2 Y1 X1 19
10k

E + 33pf 33pf

+ D
330

MOC 7811
AT89S52

Pin diagram of AT89S52

 The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller.

 It has a 4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory.

 128 bytes of RAM,32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, two data

pointers.

 two 16-bit timer,on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry.

 PIN DESCRIPTION:

VCC PORT 3
GND RST
VDD ALE
PWR/GND PSEN
PORT 0 EA
PORT 1 XTAL1
PORT 2 XTAL2
 Infrared sensor is an electronic instrument.

 It is used to sense certain characteristics in its

surroundings by emitting infrared radiations.

 It is capable of measuring heat and detection of moving

object.

 SPECIFICATIONS:
Size: [Refer to the image beside]
TX: Transmitter
RX: Receiver
 An LDR( light dependent resistor), offers the resistance in
response to the ambient light.

 The resistance of the LDR increases as the intensity of

light increases.

 It can act as a sensor, since a varying voltage drop can be

obtained in accordance with the varying light.
 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light
source.

 LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and

are increasingly used for lighting.

 LEDs are introduced as a practical electronic

component in 1962.

Structure inside a LED

Electrical symbol & polarities of LED
 The working of the project can be clearly
explained by considering the street lights.
 The main aim of the project is to automatic switch
ON/OFF the street light by sensing the vehicle.
 In this project IR’s are used for sensing the
vehicles.
 Initially the street lights are in OFF state by using
the LDR’S.
 As the IR senses the vehicle the street lights
associated w.r.t that sensor will switch ON and OFF
after certain time.
 Keil compiler is the software used in the
machine language code.

 The machine source code is converted into

hex code.

 This hex code is dumped into the

microcontroller for further processing.
 The main idea of this project is to reduce the
wastage of electricity.

 For this purpose IR’s and LDR’s are used as

sensors.

 The street light corresponding to that IR will

switch-ON automatically when a vehicle
passes.
 Can overcome the crisis of natural power
production resources in forth coming days.

 Can reduce the wastage of electricity.

 Ultimately can conserve some of the natural

resources from completely getting vanished.
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.keil.com
 www.maxim-ic.com
 www.electronicsforu.com
 www.allaboutcircuits.com
Books Referred:
 Raj kamal –Microcontrollers Architecture,
Programming, Interfacing and System Design.
 Mazidi and Mazidi –Embedded Systems.
 DIP Microcontroller Manual – Microchip.
 Embedded C-Michael J Pont