1.

19 Relative velocity*
By relative velocity we mean velocity with respect to a specified
coordinate system. (The term velocity, alone, is understood to be
relative to the observer’s coordinate system.)
(a) A point is observed to have velocity vA relative to coordi-
nate system A. What is its velocity relative to coordinate system B,
which is displaced from system A by distance R? (R can change
in time.)
(b) Particles a and b move in opposite directions around a
circle with angular speed in, as shown. At r = 0 they are both at the
point r = fj, where I is the radius of the circle.
Find the velocity of a relative to b.

1.21 Panicle with constant radial velocity*

A particle moves in a plane with constant radial velocity k -— 4
n;/s, starting from the origin. The angular velocity is constant
and has magnitude 8 = 2 rad/s. When ie particle is 3 m from
ie origin, find the magnilde of (n) the velocity and tb) the
acceleration.

1.24 Rolling tire

A tire of radius A rolls in a straight line without slipping. Its
center moves wi¥ constant speed W. A small pebble lodged in
the oead of ¥e tire touches the road at r = 0. Find ie pebble’s
position, velocity, and acceleration as functions of time.

1.25 Spiraling particle

A particle moves outward %ong a spiral. Its oajectory is given
by r —— A8, where A is a constant. A = (1/r) m/rad. 8 increases
in time according to 8 = er 2/2, where e is a constant.
(e) Sketch the motion, and indicate ieapproximate velocity and
acceleration at a few points.
tb) Show that the radial acceleration is zero when 8 = 1/ -tfi rad.
(c) At what angles do ie radial and tangential accelerations
have equal magnitude?
 1.26 Range on a hill*
An athlete stands at the peak of a hill that s1opes downward
uni- formly at angle /. At what angle 8 from the horizontal
should they throw a rock so that it has the greatest range?
1.27 Peaked roof*
A peaked roof is symmetrical and subtends a right angle, as
shown. Standing at a height of distance h below the peak, with
what initial speed must a ball be thrown so that it just clears the
peak and hits the other side of the roof at the same height?

84. Una persona de pie en lo alto de una roca hemisférica de

radio R patea una bola (al inicio en reposo en lo alto de la
roca) para darle velocidad horizontal v;, como se mues-
tra en la figura P4.84. (a) ¿Cu;i1 debe ser su rapidez inicial
minima st la bola nunca debe golpear la roca después de
que se patea? (b) Con esta rapidez inicial, ¿a que distancia de
la base de la roca la bola golpea el suelo?

Figura P4.84