Very Short Answer Type Question

Q.1. What is meant by a point object in physics?

Ans. An object is said to be a point object if it is dimensionless.
Q.2. Is it true that a body is always at rest in a frame which is fixed to the body itself?
Ans. Yes, because relative velocity with respect to frame of reference is zero.
Q.3. Discuss if a body moving with uniform velocity is in equilibrium.
Ans. Net force on the boy is zero.
Q.4. What does the speedometer records−the average speed or the instantaneous
speed?
Ans. It records (or measures) the instantaneous speed at an instant of time.
Q.5. Which motion is exactly represented by ∆𝒔 = 𝒖∆𝒕.
Ans. it represents motion with uniform velocity.
Q.6. In which frame of reference is the body always at rest?
Ans. The body is always at rest in the frame attached to it, i.e., inertial frame of reference.
Q.7. Can you think of a situation where a body falling under the gravity has constant
velocity? Give example.
Ans. Yes, terminal velocity of a body.
Q.8. Give an example of a motion which even though is accelerated motion yet it is
called uniform motion.
Ans. Uniform circular motion, in this body move constant speed but continuous changing
direction.
Q.9. How many dimensions of motion does the following have?
(a)Train moving fast on it track.
(b) A lizard moving on a wall in a room.
(c) Kite flying in the sky.
(d) Bee flying in a closed room.
Ans. (a) One dimensional motion
(b) Two-dimensional motion
(c) Three-dimensional motion
(d) Three-dimensional motion.
Q.10. When the train in which you are sitting starts moving by the side of another
train without jerks, you find that the other train is moving but when you look at the
platform you find that your train is moving. Name the phenomenon responsible for
such a motion.
Ans. Relative velocity is the phenomenon responsible for such a motion.
Q.11. Under what condition the magnitude of average velocity of a particle is equal to
the average speed?
Ans. the magnitude of the average velocity of a particle is equal to the average speed if the
particle moves along a straight line in a fixed direction.
Q.12. Two particles A and B are moving along the same straight line with B moving
ahead of A. velocities remaining unchanged, what would be the effect on the
magnitude of relative velocity if A is ahead of B?
Ans. The magnitude of the relative velocity will remain same, i.e., no effect on its magnitude.
Q.13. Why speed of an object cannot be negative?
Ans. Speed of an object cannot be negative because the distance can never be negative.
Or as speed is a scalar quantity, so it can never be negative.
Q.14. Can earth be regarded as a point object if only orbital motion of earth around
the sun is considered? Why?
Ans. Yes. This is because the size of earth is very small as compared to the size of the orbit
of the earth around the sun.
Q.15. One light and another heavy masses are thrown vertically upward with same
initial speed. Which will attain higher height?
Ans. the height attained is independent of the mass of body so with same initial speeds both
will attain same height.
Q.16. Two balls of different masses are thrown vertically upward with same initial
velocity. Maximum heights attained by them are 𝐡𝟏 and 𝐡𝟐 respectively. What is
𝐡𝟏 /𝐡𝟐? [If air resistance is zero]
Ans. Height will be same as height attained a independent of masses.

Therefore, h1 /h2 = 1.
Q.17. A car moving with velocity of 50 kmh-1 on a straight road is ahead of jeep
moving with velocity 75 kmh-1. How would the relative velocity be altered if jeep is
ahead of car?
Ans. There is no change in relative velocity.
Q.18. Will the displacement of a particle change on changing the position of origin of
the coordinate system?
Ans. No, it will not change.
Q.19. If the instantaneous velocity of a particle is zero, will its instantaneous
acceleration be necessarily zero?
Ans. No, it will no be zero because at highest point of vertical is zero but its instantaneous
acceleration is not zero.
Q.20. What is de-acceleration or retardation?
Ans. Negative acceleration is called retardation or deacceleration, i.e., when velocity of an
object is steadily decreasing then the object is said to have retardation.
Q.21. What is represented by the slope of 𝒗-𝒕 graph?

Ans. Slope of 𝑣 − 𝑡 graph represent acceleration.

Q.22. Can there be motion in two dimension with an acceleration in only one
dimension?
Ans. Yes, projectile motion.
Q.23. Is it possible to have the rate of change of velocity constant while the velocity
itself changes both in magnitude and direction? Give an example.
Ans. Yes, in projectile motion.
Q.24. What is common between two graphs shown in figures (a) and (b)?

Ans. Both these graphs represent that the velocity is negative.

Q.25. What is common between two graphs shown in figures (a) and (b)?

Ans. Both these graphs represent that velocity is positive.

Q.26. The displacement of a body is proportional to the square of time along a
straight line. Is the body moving with constant velocity or constant acceleration?
Ans. It is moving with constant acceleration.
Q.27. Is the acceleration of a car is greater when the acceleration is pushed to the
floor or when brake pedal is pushed hard?
Ans. The acceleration of the car is greater when brake pedal is pushed hard, because the
car comes to rest suddenly i.e. the rate of change of velocity of car is larger in this case.
Q.28. Which of the two-linear velocity or the linear acceleration gives the direction of
motion of a body?
Ans. Linear velocity.
Q.29. A train is moving on a straight track with acceleration a. A passenger drops a
stone. What is the acceleration of stone with respect to passenger?

Ans. Acceleration of stone w.r.t. passenger = √𝑎2 + 𝑔2

Q.30. The displacement is given by x = 2 + 4t + 5t2. Find the value of instantaneous

acceleration. [Here x is in m and t is s]
𝑑𝑥
Ans. Velocity, 𝑑𝑡
= 4 + 10t

𝑑2 𝑥
Acceleration, 𝑑𝑡 2 = 10 m/s2

Q.31. A stone is thrown vertically upwards from the surface of earth. What is the
direction of the velocity and acceleration of the stone (a) on its upward motion, (b) on
its downward motion?
Ans. (a) Velocity is vertically upward and acceleration is vertically downward.
(b) Both velocity and acceleration are vertically downward.
Q.32. The motion of two persons is shown by two straight lines on a displacement
time graph intersecting each other a certain point. What information do you get from
the point of intersection?
Ans. This means that the two persons cross each other at a certain place at a given instant
of time.
Q.33. Following two equation represents the 𝒙-𝒕 relation for the motion of an object.
𝟏 𝟏
𝒙(𝒕) = 𝒙(0) + 𝒗(0)𝒕 + 𝟐 𝒂𝒕𝟐 and 𝒙(𝒕) = 𝒗(0)𝒕 + 𝟐 𝒂𝒕𝟐

What is the difference between them?

Ans. The first equation is more general form of motion as it contains information regarding
the initial position of the object.
Q.34. In the given position-time graph of a non-uniform motion what will be the
average velocity between 𝒙𝟏 and 𝒙𝟐?
 𝑥2 −𝑥1
Ans. Average velocity is the slope of the line 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , i.e.𝑣 =
𝑡2 −𝑡1

Q.35. Velocity-time plot of two particles make angles of 60 0 and 300 with the axis on
which time is plotted. What is the ratio of their acceleration?
Ans. Acceleration is given by the slope of velocity-time graph of an object.
Acceleration of Partile I
Ratio of Acceleration =
Acceleration of particle II

tan 600 √3
= =3
tan 300 1
√3
Q.36. Plot a position-time graph of two object moving in the same direction with
unequal velocities.
Ans.

O is the time of meeting of two bodies A and B.

Q.37. Give a position-time graph of two objects moving in the opposite direction with
unequal velocities.
Ans.

O is the time of the meeting of two bodies A and B.

Q.38. Two balls have same size but one is dense. When released simultaneously from
same height which ball will reach the ground first?
Ans. Retardation (a) of the denser ball due to air resistance is less so (𝑔 − 𝑎) is more for the
denser ball. Thus, denser ball would reach ground first.
Q.39. Give the accelerated portion in the graph shown below:

Ans. Only portion PQ indicates accelerated motion.

Q.40. Give the interval in which magnitude of maximum acceleration is available.

Ans. Slope of 𝑣 − 𝑡 graph gives acceleration. So QR is the interval which gives maximum
slope. Thus QR is the interval which gives maximum acceleration.
Q.41. Derive acceleration-time graph from the given velocity time graph.

Ans.

Q.42. Draw velocity-time graph for an object, starting from vest. Acceleration is
constant and remains positive.
Ans.
Q.43. Which represent greater velocity.

Ans. B, represent greater velocity because it has greater slope.

Q.44. Refer to the graphs given below. Match the following

Graph Characteristics
(a) (i) has 𝑣 > 0 and 𝑎 < 0 throughout.
(ii) has 𝑥 > 0 throughout and has a point with 𝑣 = 0 and a point with 𝑎 =
(b)
0.
(c) (iii) has a point with zero displacement for 𝑡 > 0.
(d) (iv) has 𝑣 < 0 and 𝑎 > 0

Ans. (a) – (iii) From graph, at point B, x = 0 For t > 0. Hence (a)  (iii)

𝑑𝑥
(b) – (ii) From graph, throughout the motion x > 0. At point C, 𝑑𝑡
=𝑣=0
Since at D, curvature changes, hence a = 0
 𝑑𝑥 𝑑2 𝑥
(c) – (iv) From graph, = negative ; So, 𝑣 < 0; a = is positive.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2
Since rate of change of negative velocity decreases.
So, a > 0

(d) – (i) This graph is reverse of the graph above 𝑣 > 0 but a < 0.

Q.45. A uniformly moving cricket ball is turned back by hitting it with a bat for a
very short time interval. Show the variation of its acceleration with time. (Take
acceleration in the backward direction as positive).

Ans. Variation of ball’s acceleration with time-

Q.46. Give examples of a one-dimensional motion where

(a) the particle moving along positive 𝑥-direction comes to rest periodically and moves
𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑.

(b) the particle moving along positive 𝑥-direction comes to rest periodically and moves
𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑.

Ans. (a) Example – x(𝑡) = 𝑡 – sin 𝑡

(b) Example – x(𝑡) = sin 𝑡

Q.47. Give example of a motion where 𝒙 > 0, 𝒗 < 0, 𝒂 > 0 at a particular instant.

Ans. Example – x(𝑡) = A + 𝐵𝑒 −𝛾𝑡

Here, A > B and γ > 0 and all are positive constants.

Q.48. An object falling through a fluid is observed to have acceleration given 𝒂 =

𝒈 − 𝒃𝒗 where 𝒈 = gravitational acceleration and b is constant. After a long time of
release, it is observed to fall with constant speed. What must be the value of
constant speed?

Ans. When 𝑎 = 0, velocity of the particle became constant i.e., 𝑣 = constant = 𝑣𝑐

Then from given equation 𝑎 = 𝑔 – 𝑏𝑣,
0 = 𝑔 − 𝑏𝑣𝑐  𝑣𝑐 = 𝑔/𝑏.