BABYLONIAN

AND EGYPTIAN
CIVILIZATION
Presented by: Angel Abutazil
was the ancient country of Mesopotamia, known originally
as Sumer and Akkad, lying between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers, South of modern Baghdad, Iraq
 Babylonia’s
Political Status

Babylonia was consisted of many cities, which it was

surrounded by villages. The ruler of Babylonia was the
king, so it was an absolute monarch who exercised
legislative and judicial as well as executive powers.
Under the king were governors and administrators,
there were also city elders that was in charge of the local
administration.
 Babylonia’s
Economic Life
It was based on Agriculture
Barter System
They raised cattle and ship
Main crop was Barley
 Babylonia’s
Social Heirarchy
King
Nobles
Awilu Free Men
Military personnel
Mushkenu and civil servant
Debt slaves
Wardu
 Babylonia’s Education
In Babylonia, education starts as early as 8 years old and it is exclusive for wealthy
families. Babylonians are trained to exercise knowledge over scripts, cuneifrom and
language and a students will officially become a scribe once they will pass the final
examination.
Babylonians are taught using the Tablet House
Hammurabi
Hammurabi Code
Code
Hammurabi Code
795 BCE - 1750 BCE: Reign of Hammurabi, king of
Babylon. 

1792 BCE - 1750 BCE: Reign of Hammurabi of
Babylon, Ashur becomes vassal state. 

c. 1792 BCE: King Hammurabi builds walls of
Babylon.
1787 BCE : Hammurabi of Babylon conquers Uruk
and Isin.
c. 1772 BCE: The Code of Hammurabi: One of the
earliest codes of law in the world. 

Hammurabi
Hammurabi Code
Hammurabi Code
Code
1761 BCE: Hammurabi of Babylon destroys the city
of Mari.
1761 BCE: The city of Mari is destroyed by Babylon
under Hammurabi.
1755 BCE: Hammurabi rules the whole of
Mesopotamia from Babylon.
1700 BCE: The Code of Hammurabi, with laws
regulating beer, written at Babylon
Babylonia’s
Contribution
Astronomy
The zodiac was a Babylonian invention of great
antiquity; and eclipses of the sun and moon
could be foretold. Observatories were attached
to the temples, and reports were regularly sent
by astronomers to the king.

The stars had been numbered and named at an early date, and we
possess tables of lunar longitudes and observations of the phases of
Venus. Great attention was naturally paid to the calendar, and we
find a week of seven days and another of five days in use.
Mathematics
The Babylonian system of
mathematics was
sexagesimal, or a base 60
numeral system. Among the
Babylonians mathematical
accomplishments were the
determination of the square
root of two correctly to seven
places
Jewelry Making
Jewelry making originated
from the Babylonians. They
use metals and precious
gems in making jewelry
The ancient Babylonians used a calendar
with alternating 29 and 30 day months. This
system required the addition of an extra
month three times every eight years, and
as a further adjustment the king would
periodically order the insertion of an
additional extra month into the calendar.
 During the
During the reign
reign of
of Hammurabi
Hammurabi a
a big
big

canal was
canal was dug
dug from
from the
the city
city Kish
Kish to
to

Persian gulf
Persian gulf.. Herodotus
Herodotus,, the
the father
father of
of

history
history ,, had
had lavishly
lavishly praised
praised the
the

wheat and
wheat and barley
barley among
among other
other crops
crops

of ..
of Babylon
Babylon