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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK

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Wouldn’t you like to generate free electricity for use in your home, or to export to the UK National 2021 Installation Prices
Grid? It seems like a dream come true, doesn’t it? Well, this is something you can do quite UK
easily, with a little help from some photovoltaic (PV) solar cells. But, how much do solar panels Underpinning Cost: 2021
cost? And, how large must the solar panel system be?  House Foundation Prices
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Photovoltaic technology continually advances. And, it’s now commonplace for householders to Chimney Liner Cost:
install a system on their roof. But, many people find that solar panel installation costs are too 2021 Flue Liner
expensive. However, if you plan correctly, and can afford the initial outlay, you will provide Installation Prices UK
savings on your energy bills. And, in the long run, might even make money too. 
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2021 UK Installation
On average, solar panels cost between £1800 and £6100 in the UK. The most common size for
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domestic solar panels is a 4kWp system.  
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Most solar PV panels produce around 250Wp. Therefore, to produce 1kWp, you’ll need 4 panels. Installation Price
So, for 4kWp you’ll need 16 panels arranged into an array.  Comparison UK 
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(By the way, you probably noticed we measured the power output of a PV cell in kWp (kilowatt Annual Price & Quote
peak). This is the amount of energy generated at peak performance during the summer).  Comparison UK
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But, why are PV panels popular? Let’s start by stating the obvious. Solar energy is clean, and
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once the receptor array is set up, it needs very little maintenance. Probably, the most important
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maintenance is to keep the panel surfaces clean. Otherwise, your power output will substantially
Wet Room Cost: 2021
decrease. 
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Next, another obvious advantage is that your energy bills will decrease. And thirdly, if you
produce more than you use, you’ll see an extra income trickling in from sales to the electricity Electric Garage Doors
suppliers.  Fitted Prices: 2021 Cost
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Cost of Solar Panels Comparison UK

The following table can be used as a monocrystalline solar panel cost calculator. Here, we’ll Wood Burner Installation
explore different solar installation system sizes, the amount you’ll save on your energy bills, and Cost: 2021 Log Stove
how much you can expect to pay.  However, the estimates listed in the table are intended to be Fitting Prices 
an indication only. As you’ll see later on, the actual power output varies depending on various Solar Panels Cost: 2021
factors.  Installation Price
Comparison UK
Remember, VAT on solar panels is 5% at the time of writing.
Conservatory Roof
Replacement Cost: 2021
Solar panel No. of Annual electricity Annual estimated Price Comparison UK
Cost
system size panels output electricity savings
Secondary Glazing Cost:

3kWp 12 £6000 2550kWh £160 2021 Price Comparison


UK
4kWp 16 £8000 3800kWh £270 Window Replacement
Cost: 2021 Fitting Prices
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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
5kWp 20 £9000 4250kWh £320
UK 
6kWp 24 £10000 5100kWh £430 Pest Control Prices: 2021
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For London & SE areas, you can add on ~20% to the quote. Comparison UK
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What does this mean? 
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To put this data into context, let’s assume we have a 3 bedroom property. For this sized family, Replacement &
we’ll need either a 3kWp or 4kWp system costing between £5500 and £6100. At the present Installation Prices UK
level of technology, a 3kWp system uses around 20m2 of roof space, while a 4kWp system Central Heating
needs about 25m2.  Furthermore, to help you along here, a 3-4kWp array gives our fictitious Installation Cost: 2021
family about 3000kWh per year and contains 12 to 16 panels.   New System Prices UK
Garden Landscaping
Now, let’s assume the cost of solar panels for a 3 bedroom house totals £6000. Typically, to buy
Costs: 2021 UK Design &
the panels costs about 80% (£4800) of the total, while 20% (£1200) goes towards fitting the solar
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panels. Moreover, the installation, using two specialists, will take between 2 and 4 days
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depending on the roof’s accessibility and condition. 
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UK
Similarly, let’s consider a family of 2 adults and 1 child living in a small terraced house. With a
roof area of between 14m2 and 20m2.   Damp Proofing Cost:
2021 Wall & House
So, the area accommodates a 2kWp to 3kWp photovoltaic system producing about 1700kWh to Treatment Prices UK
1550kWh of solar power for the home.  Furthermore, the total cost of this system will be from Loft Boarding Cost: 2021
£4000 to £5000 and take between 2 and 3 days. Also, the cost of the solar PV panel array will be Fitting & Installation
between £3500 and £4000 with the installation costing between £500 and £1000.  Prices UK
New Staircase Cost:
Solar panel prices have been steadily falling over the years. According to a Which? survey, the 2021 Replacement Prices
average amount paid for a 3.6 to 4kWp PV panel system before 2015 was over £9000. In the UK
following 3 years up to 2018, the average cost dropped to around £6600. However,  the UK
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Government’s Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy published statistics that
Fitting & Installation
showed the cost per kW of solar electricity stayed consistent between April 2017 and March
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2019.
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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
UK
Solar Panel Pricing Factors New Front Door Cost:
2021 UK Replacement
The various factors affecting the solar panel costs can be summarised as follows. 
Prices
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The efficiency of the panel
Beam Installation Price

The best solar panels are those that produce the largest proportion of usable electricity. This Comparison UK

means the best panels depend on the size of your roof and which direction it’s facing. If you have Garage Roof
a small roof, you’ll need a small solar panel that produces as much power per square metre as Replacement Cost: 2021
you can afford. With present technology, the best solar panels achieve about 23% efficiency. UK Price Comparison
With the average being between 15% and 18%.  Wood Flooring Cost:
2021 Installation & Fitting
Actual sunlight hours for your location Prices
Electric Boiler Cost: 2021
This is a function of how long your day is and what latitude you live at. For example, if you live in
Best Combi Price
the North of Scotland, you’ll have shorter days in the winter than the far west of Cornwall.
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Conversely, Scotland has longer daylight hours in the summer than Cornwall. Similarly, if you live
Biomass Boiler Cost:
in the far north, the sun will be nearer the horizon than in the south. So, will be providing less
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light energy for the panels to collect The power output calculated from this data will help you
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decide which type of PV panels you should consider.
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Price Comparison
The pitch of your roof Decking Cost: 2021
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Although you can generate power with a roof of any pitch angle, the optimum is between 10 and Installation Prices UK
60 degrees. So, within this range, you will achieve the best return for your money. 
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Does your roof point face south or not?  
Comparison (per m2)

As you would expect, pointing due south is the best direction for the array to face and generate New Kitchen Cost: 2021
the maximum possible electricity. However, if you can’t manage that, it’s possible to generate Fitting & Installation
substantial amounts of electricity with an east or west–facing slope. So, a south–facing array will Prices UK
give the best power production and a better return on your investment. But, you can achieve a Resin Driveway Cost:
good return in any direction except north. 2021 Bound & Bonded
Prices (per m2)
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Velux Windows Prices:
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Number of panels 
Comparison
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If you buy more panels, you’ll have a larger PV array. So, if a 4kWp array has about 16 panels.
Central Heating &
You can then calculate how many panels you need to generate a set amount of electricity. This
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will be a useful thing to know if you intend selling excess power to the National Grid.  
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You can also choose fewer panels of higher quality, higher efficiency cells and still get the same 2021 Installation Price
electricity production as using the lowest efficiency, and cheapest solar panels. Usually, if you Comparison
have a large roof, it’s generally, more cost–effective to choose the low–efficiency option. Roof Cleaning Cost: 2021
However, you are limited to the size of the PV system, that will fit on your roof. If you intend Price Comparison UK
buying a 4kWp PV system using high–quality cells you will need a roof area of at least 21m2. (updated)
Whereas, low–quality cells will need at least 28m2. If in doubt, speak to a qualified installer about Asbestos Removal Cost:
your options.  2021 UK Price
Comparison
Type of PV cell 
Woodworm Treatment
Cost: 2021 UK Price
Although a PV cell is made from layers of semiconducting silicon covered in glass, there are
Comparison
different grades of cell, depending on the type of glass and the silicon. At present, there are two
basic types of solar cell.  CCTV Installation Cost:
2021 Camera Price
Monocrystalline panels are currently the most efficient. And, therefore the most expensive. Comparison UK
They convert more energy, can use lower light levels and are more durable than the other Artex Removal Costs:
type. Also, because they are more efficient, you need fewer of them. And, they take up 2021 Ceilings & Walls
less space on your roof.  Guide
Polycrystalline panels are cheaper to produce. So, are cheaper for us to buy. But, they Soffits & Fascias Costs:
have disadvantages. Compared to monocrystalline cells, they are less efficient when 2021 uPVC Replacement
converting sunlight into electricity, and less durable.  Prices UK
Cost of Tree Removal:
As well as the glass panels that many people have on their roof, there is another variation. 
2021 Full Price Guide

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Prices: 2021 Cost
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build a house?
Solar tiles are the same size as typical roofing tiles and can be fitted alongside existing Extension Cost: 2021
roof tiles. Although they look good, compared to traditional solar panels they tend to be Building Price
less efficient and more expensive to purchase and install.  Comparison UK
(updated)
You can also vary the type of glass covering the cells. You can use   Underfloor Heating Cost:
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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK

2021 System Installation


Plate glass is a standard option and cheaper than the other.  
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Whereas, strengthened glass is more durable and less likely to be damaged. This type
How much does an
can even increase the efficiency of the solar cell beneath. 
Orangery cost? 2021
prices
However, you have no control over many of these factors, except to move house or rebuild. This
is when the specialist professionals will survey your property’s location and provide a How Much Does It Cost
custom–designed photovoltaic panel system. In the meantime, you must make do with the To Build A Garage? 2021
generalised information worked out from the solar PV calculator shown earlier.  UK Full Guide
Chimney Removal Cost:
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Installation Prices
Solar Panel Installation Costs Cost of Rendering A
House in 2021: Jobs For
If you intend taking advantage of the financial help or want to sell the electricity to the National The Exterior Walls
Grid, you must use equipment from an MCS certified manufacturer and use an MCS
How much does a
(Microgeneration Certification Scheme) installer. This ensures that everything is specified,
Tarmac driveway cost?
manufactured, installed and maintained correctly. You can check that the companies you deal
2021 price guide
with are MCS registered by using this search tool on the MCS website. 
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As always, installation charges will vary depending on where you live in the country. Having said Guide (2021 updated)

that, the average MCS certified solar panel installer charges between £150 and £200 per day. New Roof Cost: 2021
Unless you are very unlucky and need major alterations to your roof, most jobs won’t take longer Replacement Price
than about 3 to 4 days. This duration might also vary if you have difficulties accessing the roof.  Comparison UK
Loft Conversion Cost:
All installation companies will need scaffolding to provide a safe working platform. Once that’s in 2021 UK Price
place it‘s usually very simple for a professional to install the panels. By the way, make sure you Comparison (Per M2)
are clear about who is organising the scaffolding, and whether the cost is included in your quote. 
Garage Conversion Cost:
2021 Price Comparison
The type of roof you have is an important factor that will alter the installation cost. For example,
UK
An installation on a flat roof will cost less because it’s easier to access than a pitched roof.
Fusebox Replacement
Another factor is if you have a very high roof. Very high roofs are more difficult to work on and
Costs (for 2021)
more dangerous. So, you’ll find that installers charge at the top end of the day rate range.
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Additional costs
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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
Block Paving Prices &
Cost Per M2 (for 2021)
There are additional costs which must be included within the overall quote. And, some have to be
factored in at a later date, such as repairs and cleaning.  Cost of Repointing
Brickwork – House &
Walls Guide (updated)
Additional factors  Average costs 
Cost of Rewiring A House
Solar battery storage  £1000 to £6000  (2021 Guide)
Scaffolding Hire Prices
Inverter  £1000 to £15000 
(for 2021)
Roof repairs  £100 to £1000  Karndean Flooring Cost –
Including Fitting &
Scaffolding  £20 to £40 per day 
Installation
Water tank  £2000 to £4000  Fitted Wardrobe Costs –
Bespoke Installation &
Solar panel cleaning   £10 per panel (subject to a minimum charge) 
Fitting
Panel repairs and maintenance  £120 to £500 per panel  How Much Does A Roof
Replacement Cost?

Installation – step by step 

The panels will already have been assembled by the manufacturer in their factory. So, all that’s
needed on–site, is for the installer to: 

1. Screw roof anchors onto the structural roof timbers. The style and strength of these will
depend on the characteristics of your roof, potential snow loading, type of roof tiles, and
locations of the rafters. They will be made from either aluminium or stainless steel. 
2. Attach the mounting frame to the anchors. 
3. Position the panels onto the mounting frame. And, clamp them in place in the correct
position. 
4. Then, feed the DC electrical cables from the panels, alongside the frame to the anchors,
and into the loft space. It’s standard practice for the cables to be hidden behind the panels
as much as possible. 
5. Next, you need an inverter connected to the mains electricity supply at a convenient
location within the house. 
6. Then, the installer will fit a separate consumer unit and a generation meter next to the
existing consumer unit. 
7. When everything is connected, the installation engineer checks the system to ensure
everything operates correctly. 

If you’ve used an MCS installer, you’ll then receive an MCS certificate.

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Benefits of Solar Power


Solar–powered technology has many advantages, that go beyond domestic solar electricity
generation. But, for now, let’s narrow the benefits down to specifically solar power for home use. 

Renewable energy source 

Solar power is a completely renewable energy source. It requires no fuel except for the sun and
can generate electricity even on cloudy days. The technology can be used in every country in the
world and is available every day. Solar energy can even be stored for use at night.  

Lower electricity bills 

Your PV system generates electricity which will replace some of the mains power you buy from
your electricity provider. The reduction in mains energy usage will depend on the size and
efficiency of your solar panels and how much electricity you use. Furthermore, not only will you
reduce your energy bills, but you also have the potential to earn money by exporting power to the
National Grid if you generate more power than you use. 

Low maintenance costs 

Solar panels don’t contain any moving parts and they’re all solid–state electronics. Therefore,
they need very little maintenance. As long as you keep the glass panel clean and free from dust,
soot and other debris, they should be okay. You’ll probably need to clean the panels a couple of
times a year. Typically after winter’s finished and before the following winter starts.

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You can clean them yourself if you feel capable of climbing on the roof, But, as specialist
companies charge between £25 and £35 to do the job. It might be better to leave it to them. 

Reputable solar panel manufacturers give warranties of around 25 years, and as there are no
moving parts, you shouldn’t have any problems. However, the only thing that might need
changing is the inverter which will last for between 5 and 10 years. 

Supplements other sustainable energy generators 

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When you need electricity to power other sustainable energy sources, solar power is ideal. For
example, When installing an air source heat pump, you need electricity to power the pump. Air
source heat pumps extract heat energy from the surrounding air. They use a system of heat
exchangers to transfer the energy into your home to heat domestic hot water and central heating.
You can use solar energy to power the pumps in the heat exchangers and the central heating.
This effectively means that your hot water and central heating are completely free.  

Moving on, solar panels will also supplement ground-source heat pumps, solar thermal panels
and wind turbines too. Either by powering pumps and other equipment or by each one feeding
energy into a thermal store. 

And what’s more, all these sustainable energy methods qualify for financial help when you sell
excess energy to the electricity suppliers. We’ll talk about this later.

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Saving Money With Solar Panels


We’ve already mentioned how solar panels can reduce your electricity bills. But, we haven’t
mentioned how it will also cut your carbon footprint by using purely sustainable solar energy.
Typically, a standard domestic solar PV system can also prevent a substantial amount of carbon
dioxide being pumped into the air from fossil fuels. 

Let’s consider these two benefits in more detail.  

According to the Energy Saving Trust,  the average domestic photovoltaic energy system totals
about 3.5kWp, which will cost around £4800 to buy (including VAT, charged at 5%).  In the south
of England, this size system will generate about 3700kWh per annum of electricity. It also saves
about 1 tonne of carbon dioxide every year. 

Assume we live in Scotland and use the same size PV system. We will generate about
£2850kWh electricity per annum and save about 0.8 tonnes of carbon dioxide each year. 

This is good for us, and good for helping the Government comply with its, environmental
obligations.

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The Feed-in Tariff Scheme 

Unfortunately, this has closed to new solar PV applications in March 2019. But, for those who
have already joined the scheme, it will last for the remainder of their contract (usually 20 years).
At its height, the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) paid households for generating energy and exporting it into
the Grid. The FIT scheme encouraged people to install solar PV systems with the incentive of
extra remuneration from the government. Hopefully, this scheme has served its purpose and
people now want to install solar for the sake of environmental benefits.  

The next scheme to take its place is the Smart Expert Guarantee. 

Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) 

This came into effect on 1st January 2020. The idea is that energy suppliers, not the
government, must pay domestic renewable energy generators for the electricity they export to
the National Grid. It’s not only solar that benefits from this scheme. All small scale, low carbon
generation methods such as wind, and hydroelectric are included too. 

The payment rate varies with the energy supplier. The old FIT export tariff used to be  5.24p/kWh
of renewable energy produced. Although the government hasn’t set a rate for energy providers to
buy the electricity, some companies are already offering Smart Export Guarantee rates of more
than 5.24p/kWh. As this scheme starts to gain momentum, we hope that energy companies will
compete amongst themselves and offer ever higher SEG rates.

Under this system, households earning money with solar panels can be paid by either a fixed or
a flexible rate. 

A fixed–rate SEG is a fixed rate paid for every kWh of renewable energy exported to the
Grid. 
A flexible SEG rate pays varying rates depending on the time of day. For example, there is
a higher demand for electricity in the evening so you would be paid more at this time of
the day compared to the energy supplied in the morning.  

To be eligible for SEG payments, you must live in the UK, be generating renewable energy at
home using one of the specified methods, and have an MCS certified installation.

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But is SEG worth it? 

At present, the best rate, offered by Social Energy is 5.6p/kWh. The next favourable rates are
from Octopus Energy and E.On who offer 5.5p/kWh. The worst at present are Utility warehouse
who pay 0.5p/kWh. Luckily you don’t have to sell your electricity to the company that supplies
you. So, hopefully, there will be plenty of competition over the next few years. 

The following table outlines how much annual savings can be made in different parts of the
country. These figures assume you’re out of the house until 4 pm each day and so export all your
generated power. 

Location  With SEG  Without SEG 

London, SE England  £240  £120 

Aberystwyth, NW Wales  £220  £115 

Manchester, NW England  £215  £115 

Stirling, Scotland  £195  £110 

Sources: solar installation payback & solar panels electricity

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What is a PV Diverter?
A PV, or solar power, diverter monitors the  

1. Amount of energy being generated by your system. 


2. And, the amount being consumed by your house. 

It will only divert energy to the Grid if there is a surplus amount of electricity being generated. 

The benefit of this clever little gadget is that it assumes everything in your home takes priority of
exporting the power. So, for example, it will make sure your hot water immersion heater has
enough energy before selling on any excess.

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How Does a Solar Panel Work?


Okay, let’s do the science part now. A solar panel is made up of many solar PV cells (a.k.a.
photovoltaic or PV cells). Photons of light knock electrons away from atoms inside the cells,
producing a cloud of electrons.  Inside the cells, there are conductive metal plates that collect the
electrons and push them into wires where they can flow like any other electric current. At this
stage, the current is ‘DC’ or Direct Current’. To be useful in a domestic situation we have to
convert the Direct Current obtained from the PV systems into Alternating Current (AC) using an
‘inverter’. When we have AC we can power all the appliances within our homes and export
electricity to the Grid.

Energy Storage: Solar Battery Technology


Storing the energy you generate is a good idea and can save you money. Especially, if you don’t
intend exporting energy to the Grid. All PV systems generate the maximum amount of electricity
around midday when the sun is at its strongest. Unfortunately, this is the time of day when most
people are at work and not using the generated electricity. Using a solar battery allows you to
store the energy for use later in the day when you’re home. 

But are they cost–effective? 

Typical costs of solar batteries in the UK lie between £1200 and £6000. Also, the typical lifespan
of a solar battery can be from 5 to 15 years. This means that the solar battery might have to be
replaced more than once over the typical lifespan of your solar panels (15 to 30 years). As we
can see, a solar battery can be expensive. But, the amount of energy you save over their lifetime
will more than pay for their initial capital cost. 

You can buy solar batteries from many sources including most energy suppliers.

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Online calculator 

There is a particularly useful calculator on Great Home to help you work out how much savings
you will receive from using a solar battery. This calculator also incorporates any payments due
from SEG tariffs. 

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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
The following table itemises the various pieces of data used along with the projected savings on
your electricity bill. And, as a bonus calculates the payback time for your investment. 

Energy used  3500kWh 

Solar energy generation  3400kWh 

Energy purchaced from the Grid  960.4kWh 


Input Data 
Losses  134.6kWh 

Energy exported (SEG)  719.0kWh 

Battery Charge change  6.6kWh 

     

Bill without solar battery  £595 

Bill savings  -£431.74 

Export payments (SEG)  -£39.55 (5.50p per kWh) 

Total annual benefit  -£471.28 

Output Data  New electricity bill  £123.72 

   

Payback time  30.8 years 

Total investment  £14500 

Battery utilisation  61.8% 

 UK Regulation & Planning Permission 


Generally, installing solar panels on your land comes under the category of ‘permitted
development’. So there should be no need to apply for Planning Permission. However, you must
comply with many important conditions to be put in this category. And, these are listed on these
Planning Portal pages. 

Installation of solar panels comes under the scope of the UK Building Regulations.  Generally,  

The existing roof must be able to support the additional load. 


The electrical installation must comply with the current electrical regulations. 
Use a competent installer. You can find one by using the search tool on the UK

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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
Government website. 
Alternatively, a competent installer will be certified with the MCS.

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Solar Panel FAQ 


How long do solar panels last? 

The solar panel’s lifespan depends on the manufacturer. But, usually, it’s assumed to be
between 25 to 30 years.  

Can I put solar panels on my shed roof? 

Yes, as long as the roof is strong enough to withstand the extra load. Contact the manufacturer
of the equipment to find out the specifications of the panels. And, ask advice from an MCS
certified installer.  

Can I run my entire house on solar power? 

The answer to this depends on the size of the PV system and how much electricity you intend to
use across the year. Generally, the average home needs a 4kWp solar panel system to produce
enough electricity. You will also have to incorporate a solar battery into your system. Otherwise,
energy will be going to waste during the day when you are at work and not consuming. And, you
won’t have any electricity at night.

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Do solar panels work at night? 

The simple answer is no! 

Solar panels need sunlight to generate electricity. And, if the sun has set, you won’t generate
electricity. However, you can install solar batteries to save excess energy generated during the
daytime, for use at night. 

How long should a solar inverter last? 

https://tradesmencosts.co.uk/solar-panels/[1.04.2021 10:03:20]
Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK
As long as you maintain the inverter according to the manufacturer’s instructions, your inverter
should last from 5 to 10 years. 

What are the disadvantages of solar energy? 

Major disadvantages are as follows: 

Solar panels have a relatively high initial capital cost. 


Although you can collect solar energy while it’s cloudy or raining, the efficiency will drop.
Furthermore, you might end up harvesting about half the amount that you would collect on
a sunny day. 
Solar storage batteries are expensive. 
Solar panels take up a lot of space. 
Although they harvest 100% renewable energy. Manufacturing solar panels can produce
pollutants.

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Do solar panels melt the snow? 

Yes. Silicon PV cells appear dark to absorb as much energy as possible from sunlight. Once a
small portion of a panel warms up from the sun, the heat will spread, slowly warming the
remainder of the panel. Eventually, the entire panel will be clear of snow. It’s not unusual to see a
roof completely covered in snow, whereas the panels are snow-free. 

Find Solar Panel Installers Near You 


If you can afford the capital outlay of purchasing solar panels and having them installed, they are
a worthwhile investment. However, they aren’t something that you can install as a DIY project. If
you want to find out how much a system of solar panel costs to buy and install, complete the
form on this page. You’ll then receive 3 or 4 quotes from qualified installers near you.

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Solar Panels Cost: 2021 Installation Price Comparison UK

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