6.3.

VOLUMES OF SOLIDS: SLICING METHOD 351

6.3 Volumes of Solids: Slicing Method

√ √ √
1. x2 + y 2 = 16; y = 16 − x2 ; A(x) = 3y 2 = 3(16 − x2 ) (x, y)
Z 4√  4 4 y y
√ 1 3 y√3
V = 3(16 − x ) dx = 3 16x − x
2
x y
−4 3 −4
   √
√ 128 128 256 3 3
= 3 − − = ft
3 3 3
 
√ 1 1 (x, y)
2. x2 + y 2 = 16; y = 16 − x2 ; A(x) = πy 2 = π 8 − x2
2 2 y y
4
Z 4    4
1 1 x y
V = π 8 − x2 dx = π 8x − x3
−4 2 6 −4
  
64 64 128π 3
=π − − = ft
3 3 3
Z 4
4
3. x = y 2 ; A(x) = 2y(8y) = 16y 2 = 16x; V = 16x dx = 8x2 0 = 128 2 (x, y)
0
y
4

-2

√ 2 √  
3y 3 √ 1 4
4. y = 4 − x ; A(x) =
2
= (4 − x ) = 3 4 − 2x + x
2 2 2
4 4 4
Z 2√  
√
 2 4
(x, y)
1 2 1
V = 3 4 − 2x2 + x4 dx = 3 4x − x3 + x5 y/2
−2 4 3 20 −2 y
   √
√ 64 64 128 3 √3y/2
= 3 =
-2 2
− −
15 15 15
2 1 2π
5. y = − x + 2; A(x) = πy 2 = (x − 5)2
5 2 25 2
Z 5 5 y
2π 2π 10π 3
V = (x − 5) dx =
2
(x − 5)2
= ft x 5
0 25 75 0 3
-2

√
6. y = 4 − x2 ; A(x) = πy 2 − π(12 ) = π(3 − x2 ) 3 √3
Z √3  √3
1 3 y
V = √ π(3 − x ) dx = π 3x − x
2
1 2 1
3 √
− 3
√ √ √
− 3 -3 x 3
= π[2 3 − (−2 3)] = 4π 3 ft3
-3
352 CHAPTER 6. APPLICATIONS OF THE INTEGRAL

7. x = −y + 3; A(y) = x2 = (y − 3)2
Z 3 3 3
1 (x, y)
V = (y − 3) dy = (y − 3)
2 3
=9
0 3 0
x
3

8. Let b denote the length of one side of the square base. Thus, B = b2 .
h h−y b(h − y)
Using similar triangles, we have = and x = . Thus, h –y
b 2x 2h
b (h − y)
2 2
A(y) = (2x)2 = , and h
h2 (x, y)
x
Z h 2 Z h  y
b (h − y)2 2b2 b2 2
V = dy = b2
− y + y dy
0 h2 0 h h2 b
 h
b2 2 b2 3 b2 h 1
= b y − y + 2y
2
= b2 h − b2 h + = hB.
h 3h 0 3 3
√ B(1, 1)
9. x = y C
Z 1 Z 1  1
√ 2 1 2 π
V =π [1 − ( y) ] dy = π
2
(1 − y) dy = π y − y =
0 0 2 0 2 x

O A

10. y = x2 B(1, 1)
C
Z Z
1 1
π 5 i1 π
V =π (x2 )2 dx = π x4 dx = x =
0 0 5 0 5
y
O A

11. y = x2 B(1, 1)
C
Z  1
1
1 5 4π
V =π (1 − x ) dx = π x − x
2 4
=
0 5 0 5
y
O A

√ B(1, 1)
12. x = y C
Z 1 Z
√ 1
π 2 i1 π
V =π ( y)2 dy = π y dy = y =
0 0 2 0 2 x

O A
6.3. VOLUMES OF SOLIDS: SLICING METHOD 353

√
13. x = y C B(1, 1)
Z 1 Z 1
√ 2 √
V =π (1 − y) dy = π (1 − 2 y + y) dy
0
 1
0 x
4 1 π
= π y − y 3/2 + y 2 =
3 2 0 6 O A

√
14. x = y C B(1, 1)
Z 1 Z 1
√ √
V =π [12 − (1 − y)2 ] dy = π (2 y − y) dy x
0 0
 1
4 3/2 1 2 5π O A
=π y − y =
3 2 0 6
9
15. y = 9 − x 2
Z 3 Z 3
V =π (9 − x2 )2 dx = 2π (81 − 18x2 + x4 ) dx
−3
 3
0 y
1 1296π
= 2π 81x − 6x3 + x5 =
5 0 5 -3 3

√
16. x = y−1 5
Z 5 p Z 5
V =π ( y − 1)2 dy = π (y − 1) dy x
1 1
 5  
1 2 15 1
=π y −y =π − − = 8π
2 1 2 2 2

1
17. x = 2
y
" 
Z # Z 1
2
1 1
x
V =π − 1 dy = π
2
(y −2 − 1) dy 1

1/2 y 1/2
 1   
1 5 π 2
= π − −y = π −2 − − =
y 1/2 2 2
6.3.17

1
18. y = 3
x
Z  2  3  
3
1 1 1 5π 2
V =π dx = π − = π − − (−2) =
1/2 x x 1/2 3 3 1
y
1 2 3
354 CHAPTER 6. APPLICATIONS OF THE INTEGRAL

19. y = (x − 2)2 4
Z 2 i2
π 32π
V =π (x − 2)4 dx = (x − 2)5 =
0 5 0 5 2

2 4

√
20. x = y−1
Z 1 Z 1 1
√ √
V =π ( y − 1)2 dy = π (y − 2 y + 1) dy
0 0
 1 x
1 2 4 3/2 π
=π y − y +y = -1
2 3 0 6

1 4
21. y1 = 4 − x2 ; y2 = 1 − x2
4
Z 2"  2 # Z 2 
1 2 15 15 y1
V = 2π (4 − x ) − 1 − x
2 2
dx = 2π 15 − x2 + x4 dx
0 4 0 2 16
 2 y2
5 3 -2 2
= 2π 15x − x3 + x5 = 32π
2 16 0

√
22. x = 1−y 2
Z 1 p Z 1  1
1 π
V =π ( 1 − y)2 dy = π (1 − y) dy = π y − y 2 =
0 0 2 0 2
x
2

23. x1 = y; x2 = y − 1 2
Z 1 Z 2
V =π y 2 dy + π [y 2 − (y − 1)2 ] dy
0 1 1
 1   x1 x1 – x2
1 3 2 1 7π
=π y + π(y − y)
2
=π +2 =
3 0
1 3 3 1 2

24. y1 = 1; y2 = 2 − x 2
Z 1 Z 2 Z 1 Z 2
V =π 12 dx + π (2 − x)2 dx = π dx + π (4 − 4x + x2 ) dx
0 1 0 1 1
 2   y1
1 1 8 7 4π y2
= πx]0 + π 4x − 2x2 + x3 =π+π − =
3 1 3 3 3 1 2
6.3. VOLUMES OF SOLIDS: SLICING METHOD 355

25. x = y 2 + 1
Z 2 Z 2 4
V =π [5 − (y + 1)] dy = π
2 2
(4 − y 2 )2 dy
0 0 2
Z  2
2
8 1 256π 5–x
=π (16 − 8y 2 + y 4 ) dy = π 16y − y 3 + y 5 =
0 3 5 0 15 5

26. x = y 2 1
Z 1 Z 1
V =π (1 − y ) dy = π
2 2
(1 − 2y + y ) dy
2 4
−1 −1 1
 1   1–x
2 1 8 8 16π
= π y − y3 + y5 =π − − = -1
3 5 −1 15 15 15

27. y = x1/3 2
Z 1 Z 1
1 2–y
V =π [(2 − x1/3 )2 − 12 ] dx = π (3 − 4x1/3 + x2/3 ) dx
0 0 1
 1
3 3π
= π 3x − 3x4/3 + x5/3 =
5 0 5 1 2

28. x = −y 2 + 2y
Z 2n Z 2 2 2–x
 2 o
V =π 2 − 2 − (−y + 2y)
2 2
dy = π (8y − 8y 2 + 4y 3 − y 4 ) dy
0 0 1
 2
8 1 64π
= π 4y 2 − y 3 + y 4 − y 5 =
3 5 0 15 1 2

p
29. x = y 2 + 16 3
Z 3 p 2  Z 3
x
V =π 52 − y 2 + 16 dy = π (9 − y 2 ) dy
−3 −3 3
 3
1
= π 9y − y 3 = π[18 − (−18)] = 36π
3 −3 -3

1
30. y1 = 9 − x2 ;y2 = x2 − 6x + 9 = (x − 3)2 9
2
Z " 2 #
y1
4
1 2 6
V =π 9− x − (x − 3) dx
4
0 2 3
Z 4  y2
3 4
=π 108x − 63x + 12x − x dx
2 3
3 6 9
0 4
 4
3 672π
= π 54x2 − 21x3 + 3x4 − x5 =
20 0 5