Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2
4 p r2 q-r2 q2
2p 2pr-2p r2 - 2p
(3)
2p 2pr-2p r2 - h2
= =
q2 q2
4 p r2 q - r2 q2 4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
H1 ê H1 ê H2 pLLL DB , qF =
2p
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
ü h
2p 2pr-2p r2 - HhL2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB == , hF
q2 2 2 2
2 4pr q-r q
1 256 p5 r2
4 2
::h Ø - / 64 p r - + 16 p3 r2 q + 4 p2 r2 q2 + r2 q4 +
4 p2 4p-q
64 p4 r r2 H4 p - qL q
16 p3 r r2 H4 p - qL q - + 8 p2 r q r2 H4 p - qL q >,
4p-q
1 256 p5 r2
4 2
:h Ø / 64 p r - + 16 p3 r2 q + 4 p2 r2 q2 + r2 q4 + 16 p3 r r2 H4 p - qL q -
4 p2 4p-q
64 p4 r r2 H4 p - qL q
+ 8 p2 r q r2 H4 p - qL q >>
4p-q
1 256 p5 r2
RevolutionPlot3DB- / 64 p4 r2 - + 16 p3 r2 q + 4 p2 r2 q2 + r2 q4 + 16 p3 r r2 H4 p - qL q -
4 p2 4p-q
64 p4 r r2 H4 p - qL q
+ 8 p2 r q r2 H4 p - qL q , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 4 p, 4 p<F
4p-q
ü r
2p 2pr-2p r2 - HhL2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB == , rF
q2
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
ü q
2p 2pr-2p r2 - HhL2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB == , qF
q2
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
2p 2pr-2p r2 - Hr Sin@bDL2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB == , qF
q2 2 2 2
2 4pr q-r q
4 p2 r Ò13 - 4 p r Ò14 + r Ò15 &, 5F, 8r, - 10, 10<, 8b, - 20 p, 20 p<F
2
4 p r2 q-r2 q2
2p 2pr-2p r2 -
2p
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB == , qF
q2 2 2 2
2 4pr q-r q
4p 4p 2 1ê3
::q Ø + - K- 17 + 3 33 O p>,
3 1ê3 3
3 J- 17 + 3 33 N
4p 2 J1 + Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø - + K1 - Â 3 O K- 17 + 3 33 O p>,
3 1ê3 3
3 J- 17 + 3 33 N
4p 2 J1 - Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø - + K1 + Â 3 O K- 17 + 3 33 O p>,
3 1ê3 3
3 J- 17 + 3 33 N
2pr
= Ish ë qM = rq ; rq = light year ¹≠ velocity (4)
q
2p
= 1, q = 2 p (5)
q
2pr 2 p r1 4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
= +r = (6)
q q
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
2 p r1 4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
SolveB + r == , r1 F
q
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
q - 2 p r2 + r2 q + r r2 H4 p - qL q
::r1 Ø - >> (7)
2
2p r H4 p - qL q
2pr-rq
::r1 Ø >>
2p
q - 2 p r2 + r2 q + r r2 H4 p - qL q
2pr-rq
SolveB == , qF
2p 2
2p r H4 p - qL q
28 p 92 p 2 1ê3
::q Ø + + K269 + 15 Â 111 O p>,
15 1ê3 15
15 J269 + 15 Â 111 N
28 p 46 J1 + Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø - - K1 - Â 3 O K269 + 15 Â 111 O p>,
15 1ê3 15
15 J269 + 15 Â 111 N
28 p 46 J1 - Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø - - K1 + Â 3 O K269 + 15 Â 111 O p>>
15 1ê3 15
15 J269 + 15 Â 111 N
2pr
Plot3DB , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
q
Now we can visually see how velocities would be superpositional. They can fit right on top of each other in this lego -
like system while continuing along the same contour.
2pr
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
q
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
Velocity when r is constant = (8)
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
Plot3DB , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 4 p, 4 p<F
2 2 2
2 4pr q-r q
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8r, - 1, 1<, 8q, - 4 p, 4 p<F
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q
We also have access to the equation, ã r ê Hq ê H2 p LL,
2 4 p r2 q - r2 q2 (9)
which winds up having the r variable cancel out,
and delivers three exact solutions for theta.
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q 2pr
SolveB ã , qF
2 2 2 q
2 4pr q-r q
(10)
2 2p 1ê3
::q Ø 2p- + K17 + 3 33 O p >,
3 1ê3
J17 + 3 33 N
4p 2 J1 + Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø + - K1 - Â 3 O K17 + 3 33 O p>,
3 1ê3 3
3 J17 + 3 33 N
4p 2 J1 - Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
:q Ø + - K1 + Â 3 O K17 + 3 33 O p>>
3 1ê3 3
3 J17 + 3 33 N
2 2p 1ê3
RevolutionPlot3DBr 2p- + J17 + 3 33 N p , 8r, - 1, 1<F
3 1ê3
J17 + 3 33 N
(10)
4p 2 J1 + Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
RevolutionPlot3DBr + - J1 - Â 3 N J17 + 3 33 N p , 8r, - 1, 1<F
3 1ê3 3
3 J17 + 3 33 N
4p 2 J1 - Â 3 Np 1 1ê3
RevolutionPlot3DBr + - J1 + Â 3 N J17 + 3 33 N p , 8r, - 1, 1<F
3 1ê3 3
3 J17 + 3 33 N
2p H4 p - qL q
rØ
H4 p - qL q
2p H4 p-qL q
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q 2pr H4 p-qL q
== =
2 2 2 q q
2 4pr q-r q
2p H4 p-qL q
4 p r2 - 2 r2 q H4 p-qL q
SolveB == , rF
2 2 2 q
2 4pr q-r q
2p 2p
::r Ø - >, :r Ø >>
2 2 3 4 2 2 3 4
4p q -4pq +q 4p q -4pq +q
2p
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
2 2 3 4
4p q -4pq +q
2p
SphericalPlot3DB , 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<, 8b, - p ê 2, p ê 2<F
2
4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 - 4 p q3 + q4
2p
SphericalPlot3DB , 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<, 8b, - p ê 2, p ê 2<F
3
4 p2 HqL2 - 4 p 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + q4
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
4
SphericalPlot3DBH2 pL ì . 4 p2 HqL2 - 4 p HqL3 + 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
SphericalPlot3DB
2 3
H2 pL ì . 4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 -4p 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + HqL4 ,
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
SphericalPlot3DB
2 4
H2 pL ì . 4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 - 4 p HqL3 + 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
SphericalPlot3DB
3 4
H2 pL ì . 4 p2 HqL2 - 4 p 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
q = 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 =
r2
2
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì 4 p2 - 4 p HqL3 + HqL4 ,
r2
3
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì 4 p2 HqL2 - 4 p + HqL4 ,
r2
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
4
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì 4 p2 HqL2 - 4 p HqL3 + ,
r2
2 3
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì 4 p2 -4p + HqL4 ,
r2 r2
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
2 4
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì 4 p2 - 4 p HqL3 + ,
r2 r2
Plot3DB
2 3 4
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
H2 pL ì 4 p2 -4p + ,
r2 r2 r2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
3 4
2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 -4p + ,
r2 r2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
2 4
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 3 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
4 p2 -4p 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + ,
2
r r2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
2 3
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 4
4 p2 -4p + 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
2 2
r r
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
2 3 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2
4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 -4p 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + ,
r2
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
2 2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 4
4 p2 2 p + p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 -4p + 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
2
r
ContourPlot3DBH2 pL ì
2
2 p r2 + r4 - r2 h2 3 4
4 p2 -4p 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 + 2 p+ p2 - p2 Sin@bD2 ,
2
r
4 p r2 q - r2 q2
h=
2p
2p H4 p - qL q
rØ
H4 p - qL q
2 2
2p H4 p-qL q 2p H4 p-qL q
4p q- q2
H4 p-qL q H4 p-qL q
DB , qF
4 p2
16 p3 4 p2 4 p2 q
- -
H4 p-qL2 4 p-q H4 p-qL2
16 p3 4 p2 q
8 p2 -
4 p-q 4 p-q
16 p 3 4 p2 4 p2 q
- -
H4 p-qL2 4 p-q H4 p-qL2
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
3 2
16 p 4p q
8 p2 -
4 p-q 4 p-q
16 p 3 4 p2 4 p2 q
- -
H4 p-qL2 4 p-q H4 p-qL2
H1 ê H2 pLL DB , qF
3 2
16 p 4p q
8 p2 -
4 p-q 4 p-q
2
16 p3 4 p2 4 p2 q 32 p3 8 p2 8 p2 q
- - - -
H4 p-qL2 4 p-q H4 p-qL2 H4 p-qL3 H4 p-qL2 H4 p-qL3
- 3ê2
+
16 p3 4 p2 q
16 p2 - 16 p3 4 p2 q
4 p-q 4 p-q 8 p2 -
4 p-q 4 p-q
2p
2
16 p 3 4 p2 4 p2 q 32 p 3 8 p2 8 p2 q
- - - -
H4 p-qL2 4 p-q H4 p-qL2 H4 p-qL3 H4 p-qL2 H4 p-qL3
- 3ê2
+
16 p 3 4 p2 q
16 p 2 - 16 p 3 4 p2 q
4 p-q 4 p-q 8 p2 -
4 p-q 4 p-q
RevolutionPlot3DB , 8q, - 2 p, 2 p<F
2p