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Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Equations of Conic Sections
Pre-Calculus – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Equations of Conic Sections
First Edition, 2020
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3
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
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competency.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
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included in the module.
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4
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the concept of Equations of Conic Sections. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
5
What I Know
A B
(𝑦−2)2 (𝑥+4)2
_____________1. Circle a. − =1
49 16
(𝑥−7)2 (𝑦+2)2
_____________2. Parabola b. + =1
64 25
II. Identify the kind of conic sections of each of the following equations.
(Circle, Parabola, Ellipse, or Hyperbola)
2
______________________1. −49𝑥2 + 16𝑦 − 392𝑥 − 64𝑦 − 1504 = 0
____________________4. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 18𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 74 = 0
6
Lesson
What’s In
Now, let us review some basic algebra that you already learned in Grade
7. Are you ready? Let’s do it!
7
What’s New
What is It
Circle
8
Parabola
1. It can be
𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑪𝒙 + 𝑫𝒚 + 𝑬 = 𝟎
where D must not be equal to zero (𝐷 ≠ 0). In this form, the parabola
maybe opens upward or downward.
2. It can be
𝑩𝒚𝟐 + 𝑪𝒙 + 𝑫𝒚 + 𝑬 = 𝟎
where D must not be equal to zero (𝐷 ≠ 0). In this form, the parabola
maybe opens to the right or left.
Ellipse
Hyperbola
9
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐
− =𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
or
𝟐
(𝒚 − 𝒌) (𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐
− =𝟏
𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐
Examples:
Circle: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 9 = 0
Solution:
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 9 = 0
Given
Arrange the expressions by grouping
2 2
(𝑥 + 4𝑥) + (𝑦 − 6𝑦) = −9 the x terms and y terms together and
transpose the constant term to the right
side of the equation.
Determine the constant values that will
make the expressions (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥) and
(𝑦 2 − 6𝑦) perfect square trinomial. To
𝑏 2
do this, use the formula (2) .
(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + ___) + (𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 + ___) = −9 + __ + __
(Note: 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 or 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦)
Example: (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 )
b=4
4 2
Constant = (2) = (2)2 = 4
(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4) + (𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 + 9) = −9 + 4 + 9 Add to both sides of the equation by the
constant values.
Write the factored form of the
(𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 4
expression inside the parentheses.
This is the standard form.
10
Parabola: 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 61 = 0
Solution:
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 61 = 0 Given
Solution:
11
Determine the constant values that
will make the expressions inside
the parentheses to be a perfect
square trinomial. To do this, use
𝑏 2
the formula (2) .
9(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + __) + 16(𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + __) = 92 + __ + __ (Note: 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 or 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦)
Example:
(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 )
b = -4
−4 2
Constant = ( 2 ) = (−2)2 = 4
Solution:
12
𝑏 2
this, use the formula (2) . (Note:
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 or 𝑎𝑦 2 + 𝑏𝑦)
Example:
(𝑦 2 − 4𝑦)
b = -4
−4 2
Constant = ( 2 ) = (−2)2 = 4
(𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−1)2
Example 1. + =1
16 9
Solution:
(𝑥 − 2)2 (𝑦 − 1)2
+ =1 Given
16 9
(𝑥 − 2)2 (𝑦 − 1)2 Get the LCM.
(144) ( + ) = (1)(144)
16 9 LCM = (16)(9) =144
144(𝑥 − 2)2 144(𝑦 − 1)2 Multiply the LCM (144) by each
+ = 144
16 9 term.
Simplify each term.
2 )2
9(𝑥 − 2) + 16(𝑦 − 1 = 144 144 144
= 9 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 16
16 9
Square the binomial.
9(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) + 16(𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1) = 144 (𝑥 − 2)2 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4
(𝑦 − 1)2 = 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1
13
Apply Distributive Property.
9𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 + 36 + 16𝑦 2 − 32𝑦 + 16 = 144
9(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) = 9𝑥 2 − 36𝑥 + 36
16(𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1) = 16𝑦 2 − 32𝑦 + 16
Arrange the expression from
9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 − 36𝑥 − 32𝑦 + 36 + 16 − 144 = 0 highest degree to lowest degree and
combine the constant terms.
9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 − 36𝑥 − 32𝑦 − 92 = 0 General form
Solution:
𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 49 = 0 Arrange in a form of 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0.
General form
What’s More
2
1. −49𝑥2 + 16𝑦 − 392𝑥 − 64𝑦 − 1504 = 0
2
2. 25𝑥2 + 64𝑦 − 350𝑥 + 256𝑦 − 119 = 0
3. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 13 = 0
4. 𝑦 2 + 16𝑥 + 14𝑦 − 31 = 0
5. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 18𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 74 = 0
14
II. Write the general form of the following equations.
(𝑦−2)2 (𝑥+4)2
1. − =1
9 4
(𝑥−4)2 (𝑦+5)2
2. + =1
16 9
3. (𝑥 − 7)2 + (𝑦 + 9)2 = 16
4. (𝑥 + 5)2 = 32(𝑦 − 4)
I learned that…
Conic
General Form Standard Form By inspection
Section
Circle 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2 AB > 0
𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4𝑝(𝑦 − 𝑘)
Parabola B𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑝(𝑥 − ℎ)
AB = 0
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
Ellipse 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0 + =1 AB > 0
𝑎2 𝑏2
2 2
(𝑥 − ℎ) (𝑦 − 𝑘)
− =1
Hyperbola 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0 𝑎2 𝑏2 AB < 0
2 2
(𝑦 − 𝑘) (𝑥 − ℎ)
2
− =1
𝑏 𝑎2
What I Can Do
15
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
16
Additional Activities
Find the standard and general forms of the conic sections satisfying
the given conditions.
1. with vertex at (3,2); focus at (7,2)
17
18
What I Can Do What’s In
1. (𝑦 + 7)2 = −16(𝑥 − 5) 1. −3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2
2. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 25 2. −2𝑥 + 6
3. 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 2
4. 6𝑥 2 − 8𝑥
Assessment 5. 5𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 4
6. 140𝑥
1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. A 7. 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2
8. 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2
9. −10𝑥 2 + 10𝑥
Additional Activities 4𝑥
10.
3
1. Standard: (𝑦 − 2)2 = 16(𝑥 − 3)
General: 𝑦 2 − 16𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 52 = 0
(𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−3)2
2. Standard: + =1
4 25
General: 25𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 − 100𝑥 − 24𝑦 + 36 = 0
What's More What I Know
I. I.
(𝑦−2)2 (𝑥+4)2
1. − =1
49 16 1. C
(𝑥−7)2 (𝑦+2)2
2. + =1 2. D
64 25
3. (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 0 3. B
4. (𝑦 + 7)2 = −16(𝑥 − 5) 4. A
5. (𝑥 + 9)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 16 II.
II.
1. Hyperbola
1. 9𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 + 72𝑥 + 16𝑦 + 164 = 0
2. Ellipse
2. 9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 − 72𝑥 + 160𝑦 + 400 = 0
3. Parabola
3. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 14𝑥 + 18𝑦 + 114 = 0
4. Circle
4. 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 32𝑦 + 153 = 0
Answer Key
References
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