RATIO AND

RATIO AND
PROPORTION
PROPORTION
 GAME
GAME
GAME
GAME
 RATIO
The comparison/relationship
between 2 or more values

3 :1
 RATIO
3 Ways to Write:

Words Fraction Colon

3 io 3 3:1
to 1 1
 RATIO
Units are important!

1 day : 48 hours
1 day : 2 days
PART-TO-PART

PART-TO-WHOLE
EQUIVALENT
EQUIVALENT
RATIOS
RATIOS

8 4
24 24

=
6 3
 UNIT
UNIT
RATIOS
RATIOS
Ratios with 1 as their denominator

5
1
• Order is • Order is not
State important
importan relation- • “a fraction
t ships
of”
• “is to” between
• Units are
• Units are 2 values
not of great
importan importance
t
ACTIVITY!
Erin loves to play sports!
She has earned 3 tennis
trophies, 4 basketball
trophies, 7 soccer trophies,
and 1 volleyball trophy.

What is the ratio of tennis

trophies to volleyball
trophies?
Give two equivalent ratios
of:

5
25
A class of 32 students
has 12 girls. What is the
ratio of girls to boys?
To make chocolate crispies, I
used:
• 20 g (grams) of
chocolate
• 15 g of cornflakes This
makes 1 cake.
a) What is the ratio of
chocolate to cornflakes?
b) How much of each do I
need to make 21 cakes?
PROPORTION
Equality of ratios
a.k.a. equivalent ratios

8:6::4:3 means
extremes
 PROPORTION
How do you know if they’re proportional?

8 4
24 24

=
6 3
5 =1
25 ?
In a bag of red and green
sweets, the ratio of red
sweets to green sweets is
3:4. If the bag contains
120 green sweets, how
many red sweets are
there?
25% =
25
What is 25% of 160?
 kinds of
PROPORTION
 direct
PROPORTION
If an increase in quantity
results to an increase in
another, then the two
quantities are in direct
proportion. The same goes if
a decrease in quantity results
to a decrease in another.
 direct
PROPORTION

x x
=
y y
 A recipe calls for 4
cups of sugar for 7
cups of water. How
many cups of water
will be needed for 32
cups?
Mr. dela Cruz uses 18
yards of cloth for
making 5 pants. How
many pants will he
make for 72 yards of
cloth?
 inverse
PROPORTION
If an increase in quantity results to a
decrease in another, then the two
quantities are in inverse proportion.
This holds true if a decrease in one
quantity results to an increase in
another.
 inverse
PROPORTION

xy=xy
 Three men can
complete a project in
3 weeks. How many
men will be needed if
the project is to be
completed in a
week?
 Twenty men can
paint a building in 15
days. How many
days will it take 30
men to paint the
same building?
 partitive
PROPORTION

If a given whole is to be divided into

several parts given a specified ratio,
partitative proportion is used.
 If 170 apples were
divided among 3
boys in the table in
the ratio 2:3:5, how
many did each boy
get?
 A tailoring shop
needs to finish 2,400
blouses of 3 different
colors, white, blue
and orange, in the
ratio 1:2:5. How
many orange blouses
must be finished?
Four numbers are in
the ratio 1:4:5:9. If
largest number is
135, what is the sum
of the four numbers?