PIC Course

Assignment -1

1. Integrated optics is based on light propagation in

a. Optical Fibers
b. Optical Waveguides
c. In free space
d. Biomaterials

2. For single mode operation V-number of a symmetric slab waveguide has to be

a. Zero
b. Infinity
c. Less than pi
d. Less than 2.404

3. A channel waveguide's field confinement is

a. in depth direction only
b. in both width and depth
c. along propagation direction
d. width direction only

4. The field inside the guiding region of an asymmetric waveguide is represented by

a. sum of cos and sine functions
b. cos function only
c. sine function only
d. product of cos and sine functions.

5. The following effect can be used to control integrated optical devices based on glass
a. Electro-optic effect
b. Magneto-optic effect
c. Acousto-optic effect
d. Thermo-optic effect

6. The following is not a passive integrated optic device

a. Y-branch
b. Directional coupler
c. Modulator
d. Polarizer

7. The v number of a symmetric slab waveguide is 10. The number of modes it supports is
a. Ten
b. Zero
c. Four
d. Three

8. The normalized refractive index of a symmetric slab waveguide with b= 0.5 is

a. (n1+n2)/2
b. (n1-n2)/2
c. Sqrt (n1^2+n2^2)/2)
d. Sqrt (n1^2-n2^2)/2)
9. For guided mode of a slab waveguide, the following condition is required (n1>n2)
a. k0n2 < beta < k0n1
b. beta < k0n2
c. beta > k0n1
d. k0n2 < beta & beta > k0n1

10. A tapered optical waveguide is characterised by refractive index varying along

a. Depth
b. Width
c. Propagation direction
 PIC Course
Assignment -2

1. TE Modes of a slab waveguide has E field component

a. in the plane of the wavguide
b. perpendicular to the plane of the waveguide
c. along the propagation direction only
d. equal in the the plane of the waveguide as well as perpendicular to the plane of the
waveguide

2. TM Modes of a slab waveguide has E field component

a. in the plane of the wavguide
b. perpendicular to the plane of the waveguide
c. along the propagation direction only
d. equal in the the plane of the waveguide as well as perpendicular to the plane of the
waveguide

3. In a channel waveguide propagating light in z-direction, the refractive index varies in

a. x direction only
b. y direction only
c. both x and y directions
d. all x , y and z directions

4. Given the effective index of a waveguide, we can obtain the propagation constant by
a. multiplying it with free space wave number
b. adding to it the free space wave number
c. dividing it by the free space wave number
d. subtracting from it the free space wave number

5. Super modes of directional coupler are expressed as Ψ(x,y,z)= AΨ1+BΨ2; A and B are
a. functions of z only
b. functions of x and y
c. A is function of x and B is function of y
d. constants

6. The interaction length required for cross over state of a directional coupler is
a. directly proportional to the coupling coefficient
b. inversely proportional to the coupling coefficient
c. independent of coupling coefficient
d. Exponentially varies with coupling coefficient

7. In coupled mode theory, the second derivatives of A and B are neglected due to
a. Slow variation of A and B compared to field envelope
b. Fast variation of A and B compared to the field envelope
c. Slow variation of A compared to B compared
d. Fast variation of A compared to B compared

8. If S1 and S2 are input ports, and T1 and T2 are output ports of a directional coupler, the
transition S1->T2 aand S2 ->T1 defines following state
a. Cross over state
b. Bar state
c. Indeterminate State
 d. 3dB State

9. The coupling coefficient of a directional coupler doesn't depends on

a. waveguide gap
b. Refractive index contrast
c. Interaction length
d. Operating wavelength

10. In an anisotropic medium, the refractive index

a. Is a constant
b. varies in different directions
c. varies from point to point
d. doesnt depends on operating waveglenth
 PIC Course
Assignment -3

1. The angle of an integrated optic Y-branch is designed to be small to avoid

a. Guided mode losses
b. Radiation mode losses
c. Substrate mode losses
d. Cladding mode

2. The operation of an RF spectrum analyser is based on

a. Electro-optic effect
b. Magneto-optic effect
c. Acousto-optic effect
d. Thermo-optic effect

3. In a 4 x 4 Electo-optic switch is configured using five 2x2 EO switches. A pass through

state is defined as 1-1, 2-2,3-3,4-4.
a. Any input output combination is possible.
b. All input output combinations are not possible.
c. Pass through state is possible (1-1, 2-2,3-3,4-4)
d. Reversal state is possible (1-4,2-3,3-2, 4-1)

4. The refractive index change due to electro-optic effect varies

a. Directly with electrode voltage and inversely with electrode gap
b. Inversely with electrode voltage and directly with electrode gap
c. Directly with both electrode voltage and electrode gap
d. Inversely with both electrode voltage and electrode gap

5. A SAW IDT can create the following IO device

a. Tapered waveguide
b. Grating
c. Y-branch
d. Directional coupler

6. The special frequency components of a beam input to an integrated optic waveguide can be
interpreted as rays with
a. Different angles
b. Wavelengths
c. Velocities
d. Phases

7. A ridge tapered optical waveguide has refractive index varying along

a. Width only
b. Depth only
c. Propagation direction
d. Width as well as depth

8. The angle of an IO Y-branch is designed to be small to

a. reduce radiation losses
b. reduce absorption losses
c. maintain single mode operation
d. avoid coupling between output ports
9. The following effect creates waveguide grating
a. non-linear effect
b. Electro-optic effect
c. Acousto-optic effect
d. Thermo optic effect

10. A fiber optic gyroscope used the following interferometer

a. Sagnac interferometer
b. Mach Zhender interferometer
c. Michelson interferometer
d. Fizeau interferometer
 PIC Course
Assignment -4

1. The following material is commonly used for MOEMS

a. Silicon
b. Glass
c. Lithium niobate
d. GaAs

2. A graded index waveguide is formed by

a. Proton exchange in Lithium Niobate
b. Silver diffusion in Glass
c. Epitaxial growth on to GaAs substrate
d. Polymer deposition on any substrate

3. Coating of negative photo resist can be used to realise a pattern on the substrate
a. That is different than the mask pattern
b. That is same as the mask pattern
c. That depends on the UV light used
d. That is independent of UV light used

4. Compared to Photo lithography, Electron beam lithography results in

a. Higher resolution
b. Lower resolution
c. Same resolution
d. Resolution that depends on the electron energy

5. The distance between the resonant peaks of a ring resonator is called

a. Q-factor
b. FSR
c. FWHM
d. Bandwidth

6. In order to benefit from maximum refractive index change, the optical waveguide has to be
placed on a MEMS cantilever beam
a. At freely suspended end
b. In the middle
c. At the base
d. Anywhere is fine.

7. The line defect of a photonic bandgap structure acts as a

a. Waveguide
b. Resonator
c. Absorber
d. Grating

8. The suitable material to integrate a source and a modulator is

a. Glass
b. InP
c. Silicon
d. Lithium Niobate
9. Surface plasmon resonance is achieved at an interface between
a. Metal and dielectric
b. Metal and metal
c. Dielectric and dielectric
d. Two liquids

10. A bio material used as cladding layer on an optical waveguide

a. Changes the propagating light frequency
b. Changes the effective index of the waveguide
c. Shifts the operating wavelength
d. makes the waveguide multimode
 Answer Keys for Assignments

Question no Assignment 1 Assignment 2 Assignment 3 Assignment 4

1 b b a a
2 c a c b
3 b c c b
4 a a a a
5 d a b b
6 c b a c
7 c a c a
8 c a a b
9 a c c a
10 c b a b

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 TO be published

Week 4
a
b
b
a
b
c
a
b
a
b

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