MEP Jamaica: STRAND J UNIT 39 Matrices: Answers

Student Text UNIT 39 Matrices Answers

39.1 Matrices: Addition and Subtraction

1. (a) 2×2 (b) 3×1 (c) 2×3 (d) 1× 2 (e) 3×3

⎛5 0 ⎞ ⎛ 1 2⎞ ⎛ −2 0 ⎞ ⎛ 2 0⎞
2. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) ⎜ ⎟ (d) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 − 4⎠ ⎝ 2 4⎠ ⎝ 2 − 9⎠ ⎝ −2 9⎠

(Note that C − A − B means C − ( A + B) .)

⎛ −2⎞
3. (a) Not possible (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) (4 −1 − 3) (d) Not possible
⎝ 2⎠

(e) (6 1 −1) (f) Not possible (g) (− 4 3 3)

4. a = − 4, b = 1, c = 5, d = 2
5. a = 6, b = − 5, c = − 2, d = 4, e = 4, f =4

39.2 Matrices: Multiplication

⎛6 0 ⎞ ⎛1 0 ⎞ ⎛ 2⎞
1. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) ⎜ ⎟
⎝12 −18⎠ ⎝ 2 − 3⎠ ⎝ − 2⎠

2. k = 3, x = −1
3. a = 3, b = − 3.5, c = − 1, d = 2
4. a = 5, b = 5, c = − 2, d = 2
5. (a) 1× 2 (b) 3×3 (c) 1× 2
(d) 2×2 (e) 2×3 (f) 3×2
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ − 2 1⎞
6. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 5⎠ ⎝ − 4 7⎠

⎛ −3 − 2 −1⎞ ⎛ 1 − 4⎞
7. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟
⎝3 3 0⎠ ⎝0 9 ⎠

⎛ − 6 − 4⎞ ⎛ 7⎞
8. (a) Not possible (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) Not possible (d) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ − 3 − 2⎠ ⎝ 0⎠

(e) (−8) (f) ( −7 − 7)

⎛ 2 6 − a 2 a⎞
9. ⎜ ⎟
⎝1 4 − 2⎠

⎛ 3x + 2 0 ⎞
10. ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 3 x + 2⎠

⎛ 1 4⎞ ⎛ 1 6⎞
11. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 1⎠ ⎝ 0 1⎠

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 1

 MEP Jamaica: STRAND J UNIT 39 Matrices: Answers

Student Text UNIT 39 Matrices Answers

39.3 Inverse Matrices: Solving Linear Equations

⎛ 1 0.5⎞
1. (a) Non-singular. Inverse = ⎜ ⎟ (b) Singular (c) Singular
⎝ 2 1.5⎠

⎛ −5 2 ⎞
(d) Non-singular. Inverse = ⎜ ⎟ (e) Singular
⎝ 3 −1⎠

⎛ − 0.2 0.3 ⎞
(f) Non-singular. Inverse = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0.6 − 0.4⎠

1
2. (a) −3 (b) −5 (c)
4

⎛ 1 4⎞
3. (a) B = A −1 C (b) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ −1 2⎠

4. (a) x = 0.5, y = 3 (b) x = 2, y = − 3 (c) x = −1, y = 4

5. x = 2, y = 1.5

6. (a) x = 1, y = 1

(b) Equations are equivalent, so solution is of the form x = λ , y = 2 − λ for all values λ .
(c) No solution as equations are inconsistent.

1 ⎛ 5 −1⎞
7. (a) Q= ⎜ ⎟ (b) x = 1, y = − 3
6 ⎝ −4 2 ⎠

39.4 Geometrical Transformations

⎛ −1 0⎞ ⎛ −1 0 ⎞ ⎛ − 3⎞
1. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 1⎠ ⎝ 0 −1⎠ ⎝ 5⎠

(d) P ' (6, −11), P ' ' (3, 16)

⎛ 3 0⎞
2. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) Enlargement, centre O, of scale factor 3 (c) 1:9
⎝ 0 3⎠

3. (a) Diagram on next page

(b) Rotation of 180° about the origin, followed by enlargement, about O, of scale factor 2

(c) Diagram on next page

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 2

 MEP Jamaica: STRAND J UNIT 39 Matrices: Answers

Student Text UNIT 39 Matrices Answers

39.4

3. (a) and (c)

8 R'

y = -x
5

4
Q' P'
3

S
2

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x

-1

P Q -2

-3
R''
Q'' -4
R
-5

P'' -6

-7

-8

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 3

 MEP Jamaica: STRAND J UNIT 39 Matrices: Answers

Student Text UNIT 39 Matrices Answers

39.4

⎛ 2 0⎞ ⎛ −1 0 ⎞ ⎛ −2 0 ⎞
3. (d) (i) G=⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 2⎠ ⎝ 0 −1⎠ ⎝ 0 − 2⎠

⎛ 0 −1⎞
(ii) M=⎜ ⎟
⎝ −1 0 ⎠

⎛ 0 −1⎞ ⎛ − 2 0 ⎞ ⎛ 0 2⎞
(iii) ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ − 1 0 ⎠ ⎝ 0 − 2⎠ ⎝ 2 0⎠

4. (a) Rotation 90° , about O, anticlockwise

1 ⎛ 0 1⎞
(b) R −1 = adj R = ⎜ ⎟
det R ⎝ −1 0⎠
(c) Rotation 90° about O, clockwise

5. (a) Enlargement, scale factor 2, followed by rotation of 90° clockwise

⎛ 1 0⎞ ⎛ −1 0 ⎞
6. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) ⎜ ⎟ (c) Rotation about O, of 180°
⎝ 0 1⎠ ⎝ 0 −1⎠

⎛ 0 1⎞
7. (a) ⎜ ⎟ (b) Rotation about O, of 90° , clockwise
⎝ −1 0⎠
(c) Rotation about O, of 45° , clockwise

© CIMT and e-Learning Jamaica 4