Additives For Wood Plastic Composites 2009-090420

Public
BU Base Products
Technical Marketing Waxes
20.04.2009
Additives for
Wood Plastic Composites
Wood Plastic Composites - Advantages
Wood/natural fibers Plastic

- Light weight - Weather resistance
- High strength - Easy to process
- Low cost - Dimensional, thermal stability
- Good availability - Designability (complex moulds)
Wood Plastic Composites

High quality requires the use of additives
E.g.: For best mechanical properties at high filling levels
a good adhesion between Fiber and Plastic Matrix is required
=> use of a suitable coupling agent necessary

Public: Additives for WPC
BU Base Products, Technical Marketing Waxes (Copyright Clariant. All rights reserved.) 20.04.2009 Slide 2
Raw Materials for Wood and Natural
Fiber Composites
Polyethylene Pine, cedar (softwood) fiber
Polyvinylchloride Oak, maple (hardwood) fiber
Polypropylene Sisal, flax, hemp, cotton & other
Others: ABS, ASA, PU crop fiber
Rice hulls, peanut shells
Windows/doors
Decking
Fencing
Railing

Wood Plastic Composites - Main
Characteristics
Reasons for the use of WPC:
– Reasonable use for agricultural/timber waste and surplus production
– Cost minimization
– Rising environmental awareness
– Substitution of rain forest timber
– New material development
– Esthetic look
Processing: Extrusion, injection molding

Filling Content: Up to 90 % in extrusion, up to 75 % in injection molding
Application: Decking, siding, profiles, door and window frames, flower pots, fencing etc.

Additives for WPC
Pigments PV Fast®
Flame retardants Exolit®
Lubricants Licocene®, Licolub®
Coupling Agents Licocene®
Light Stabilizers Hostavin®*
Blowing agents Hydrocerol®
(Div. Masterbatch)
® Trademark registered by Clariant in numerous countries

®* Trademark licensed to Clariant in numerous countries

Coupling Agents for WPC
Why do we need Coupling Agents?
Between filler and matrix usually there are poor bonding forces
⇒ bad mechanical properties prevent polymer-like
applications
Coupling agents provide a strong bonding via cross-linking and entanglements

⇒ mechanical properties are elevated to a level where they
can compete with usual polymeric applications

Coupling Reaction between
Compatibilizers and Natural Fibers
Anhydrides react with hydroxyl Wo
groups to form an ester and a od
free acid
Li Lic
Li coc oce Po
co e n ly
ce ne e P m
ne PP E er Polymer chain is compatible with the polyolefin
PP M MA
M A 6 43 matrix Î interactions via entanglements
A 4 51
74 52
52 TP
TP Reaction between two multifunctional polymers
Î crosslinked structures

Coupling Agent for Polyethylene

Licocene PE MA 4351– the Most Effective
Coupling Agent for PE Based WPC
Licocene PE MA 4351 provides:

– low water absorption
– outstanding mechanical properties
– best optical properties of the end article
– suitable for all kinds of wood flour
– smooth fiber processing

Coupling Agent for Polyethylene
Grade Chemical Drop Point Viscosity Acid Anhydride

name 140 °C value content
[ °C] [mPa•s] [mg KOH/g] [%]
Licocene polar modified approx. approx. approx. approx.

PE MA 4351 metallocene 123 300 43 7
polyethylene
wax

Coupling Agent for Wood-Filled PE
Improvement of Mechanical Properties
70 % wood pellets
30-x % polyethylene
45 4,5 (MFI ~23 g/10 min)
x% Licocene® PE MA 4351
40 4
Tensile Strength [N/mm²]
Impact Strength [kJ/m²]

35 3,5
30 3
25 2,5
20 2
15 1,5 Tensile Strength

without 0,25% 0,75% 1,5% 3,0%
Coupling agent Impact Strength

Coupling Agent for Wood-Filled PE
Water Absorption
70 % wood pellets
4,6 30-x % polyethylene
(MFI ~23 g/10 min)
x% Licocene PE MA 4351
4,5
Thickness increase [mm]
4,4
4,3
4,2
4,1 without
0,5% Licocene PE MA 4351

4
0,75% Licocene PE MA 4351
3,9
0 20 40 60 1,5% Licocene PE MA 4351
Storage time in water at room temperature [days] 3,0% Licocene PE MA 4351

Coupling Agent for Soft-Wood-Filled PE
Best mechanical properties compared to high molecular weight compatibilizer
7500
HDPE 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
7000 Compatibilizer 3%
6500
6000
E-Modulus [MPa]
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
Without Licocene high molecular high molecular
compatibilizer PE MA 4351 weight weight
compatibilizer compatibilizer Bending test
HV K 2 HV 1112 Tensile test
Leistritz ZSE 27 HP 44 D
170-170-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C, die: 210 °C; 2 x 4 mm, 6 kg/h
Coupling Agent for Soft-Wood-Filled PE
Best mechanical properties compared to high molecular weight compatibilizer
50 HDPE 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
45 Compatibilizer 3%
40
Tensile strength [N/mm²]
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Without Licocene high molecular high molecular
compatibilizer PE MA 4351 weight weight
compatibilizer compatibilizer
HV K 2 HV 1112
170-170-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C, die: 210 °C; 2 x 4 mm, 6 kg/h
Coupling Agent for Polypropylene

Licocene PP MA 7452 TP – the Most
Effective Coupling Agent for PP Based WPC
Licocene PP MA 7452 TP provides:

– lowest water absorption
– highest E-Modulus compared to high molecular weight coupling agents
– outstanding mechanical properties at low concentrations
– low pressure in extrusion, low machine load at high output rates
– best optical properties of the end article
– suitable for all kinds of wood flour
– smooth fiber processing
Suitable combination with Licolub H 12 or Licocene PP 1302 as lubricants

Physical Properties of
Licocene PP MA 7452 TP
Licocene PP MA 7452 TP Licomont AR 504 deleted
Description Metallocene PP-Wax Ziegler PP-Wax
grafted with Maleic Anhydride grafted with Maleic Anhydride
Supply Form Granules, Fine Grain Granules, Fine Grain
Appearance yellowish yellowish to yellow
Acid Value approx. 41 approx. 41
[mg KOH/g]
Degree of Grafting approx.7 approx. 7
[% wt/wt]
Softening Point approx. 161 approx. 156
[°C]
Viscosity @ 170 °C approx. 1000 approx. 600
[ mPa ⋅ s]

Licocene PP MA 7452 TP in WPC/PP
(70 % Wood) Tensile and Impact Test
Outstanding improvement compared to predecessor Licomont AR 504
70 12
60 10
Impact strength [kJ/m²]

50
8
40
6
30
4
20
deleted
10 2
0 0
compatibilizer
0,5 phr 1,5 phr 3 phr 5 phr 0,5 phr 1,5 phr 3 phr 5 phr
Without
Tensile strength
Licocene PP MA 7452 TP Licomont AR 504
Impact strength

Better Performance of Licocene PP MA
7452 compared to PP MA 6452
PP resin 30 %
10 Soft-wood 67 %
80 Coupling agent 3%
9

Maximum force [MPa]
70 8
60 7
6
50
5
40
4
30 3
Without Licocene Licocene
Coupling Agent PP MA 7452 TP PP MA 6452 TP
Maximum force (bending test)
Impact strength (impact test)
Compounding: Leistritz ZSE 27 HP 44 D (170-170-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C; 2 x 4 mm die: 210 °C; throughput: 20 kg/h)
Injection Molding: Arburg Allrounder 320 C (170-190-200-210-210 °C, molding tool: 80 °C)
Formulation:
PP resin 30 %
8500
Soft-wood 67 %
1,3 Coupling agent 3%
8000
1,2
7500
E-Modulus [MPa]
Elongation [%]
1,1
7000
1
6500
6000 0,9
5500 0,8
5000 0,7
Without Licocene Licocene E-Modulus
Coupling Agent PP MA 7452 TP PP MA 6452 TP Elongation
Compounding: Leistritz ZSE 27 HP 44 D (170-170-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C; 2 x 4 mm die: 210 °C; throughput: 20 kg/h)
Injection Molding: Arburg Allrounder 320 C (170-190-200-210-210 °C, molding tool: 80 °C)
PP 27 %
15000 Soft-wood 70 %
24 Test product 3%
14000
22
Flexural strength [N/mm²]
Breaking energy [Nmm]

20 13000
18
12000
16
11000
14
12 10000
Without Coupling Licocene Licocene
Agent PP MA 7452 TP PP MA 6452 TP Flexural strength
Breaking energy
Cincinatti Fiberex K 38
210-200-135-195-190-190-190-190°C, 34 rpm, 25 kg/h, Tool decking
Water Absorption
Lowest water absorption compared to competitive coupling agents
112 PP 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
Compatibilizer 3%
110
Thickness increase [%]
108
106
104
102
100 without
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Licocene PP MA 7452 TP
Time [days] Gl 950
HV K 1
HV 8112
60-150-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C, die: 210 °C; 2 x 4 mm, 6 kg/h
Processing Properties
Lower extrusion pressure, lower mass temperature compared to high molecular weight coupling agents
210 136 PP 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
Compatibilizer 3 %
200
134
190
Extrusion pressure [bar]

132
Mass temperature [°C]
180
170 130
160 128
150
126
140
124
130
120 122
Without compatibilizer Licocene HV 1020 Mass temperature
PP MA 7452 TP
Extrusion pressure
Highest E-Modulus in tensile- and bending test compared to competitive coupling agents
9000 PP 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
Compatibilizer 3%
8000
E-Modulus [MPa]
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
HV 1
0
HV 0
HV 0
HV 3
HV 0
15
00
12
HV 0
3
TP
74 r
MA lize
10
61
95
4
K
10
10
31
32
30
30
81
52
HV
Gl
HV
HV
PP t ibi
HV
pa
ce om
c
Li out
ne
Bending test
ith
co
W
Tensile test
60-150-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C, die: 210 °C; 6 kg/h
Highest Tensile Strength compared to competitive coupling agents
PP 30 -x %
70 Soft-wood 70 %
Compatibilizer 3%
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1
0
40
3
P
er
10
61
95
2T
K
iliz
10
HV
Gl
HV
HV
5
t ib
HV
74
pa
MA
m
co
PP
t
ou
ne
ith
ce
co
W
Li
60-150-180-180-190-190-190-190-190-195-200°C, die: 210 °C, 6 kg/h
Compatibilizer for Soft Wood-Filled PP
Pressure Along the Extruder (Decking Tool)
Lower extrusion pressure, compared to high molecular weight coupling agents, provides smoother
processing conditions
136 PP 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
134 Test product 3%
132
130
128
126
124
122
without Licocene PP MA 7452 TP HV 1020
Compatibilizer for Rubber Wood-Filled PP
Machine Load and E-Modulus (Bending Test)
Lower machine load provides smoother processing, without loosing mechanical properties
PP 30 -x %
43 3000 Rubber wood 70 %
Test product 3%
2500
42 2000
Machine load [%]
E-Modulus [MPa]
1500
41 1000
500
40 0
without Licocene PP MA 7452 TP HV 1020 Machine load
E-Modulus
Flame Retardants for WPC

Fire Performance of Wood-Filled
Polypropylene
- Without any flame retardant -
After 10 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 90 s
Test: DIN 4102 B 2 Formulation: 70 % wood

30 % PP

Fire Performance of Wood-Filled
Polypropylene
- With flame retardant in compound -
After 10 s 15 s 30 s
Test: DIN 4102 B 2 Formulation: 50 % wood

30 % PP
20 % Exolit® AP 422
Fire Performance of Wood-Filled PP
UL 94 Test
Afterburning Without 5% Exolit® 10% Exolit 15% Exolit

times FR AP 422 AP 422 AP 422
1. ignition > 150 s > 150 s 1s 1s
2. ignition - - 2s 1s
Classification n.c. n.c. V-0 V-0
Test: UL 94 Formulation: 60 % wood

x % flame retardant
add 100 % polypropylene

Fire Performance of Wood-Filled PP
LOI (Limited Oxygen Index)
60 % wood
x % flame retardant
0,5 3 % coupling agent
(MFR 30 g/10 min at 230 °C/2.16 kg)
0,4
0,3
LOI
0,2
0,1
0
Without 5% 10% 15%
Exolit AP 422

Mechanical Properties of Flame
Retardant Compounds
- Modulus of elasticity -
60 % wood
10000 x % flame retardant
9000
8000
[MPa]
7000
6000
5000
4000
Without 5% 10% 15%
Exolit AP 422

Mechanical Properties of Flame
Retardant Compounds
- Tensile strength -
60 % wood
50 x % flame retardant
48
[N/mm²]
46
44
42
Without 5% 10% 15%
Exolit AP 422

Lubricants for WPC

Lubricants for Wood-Filled Polyethylene
Flow and Surface
Licocene PE MA 4351 together with Licolub H 12 provides best esthetical look, best profile quality
Without 1,5 % Glycerolmonostearate 2 % Licolub H 12

1,5 % Ethylene-bis-stearamide
Inhomogeneous flow Not optimized lubricants Optimized lubricant
Fillet breakage
Formulation: 60 % wood fibres

2 % Licocene PE MA 4351
add 100 % HDPE (MFR 2.2 g/10 min at 190°C/5kg)
Lubricants for Maple Wood-Filled PE
Tensile Test
+ 2 % Licocene PE MA 4351
40 2
Tensile strength at break [N/mm²]
35
Elongation at break [%]

30 1,5
25
20 1
15
10 0,5
5
0 0
51
4
4
t
02
02
ou
10
10
43
13
13
th
HV
HV
MA
wi
PP
PP
ne
ne
PE
ce
ce
%
co
co
2
HDPE 50 -x %
Li
Li
ly
on
TP
TP
Maple-wood 50 %
Test products 3%
160-160-170-170-180-180-180-180-185-185-190°C, die: 200 °C, 20 kg/h
Bending Test
3500
3000
2500
E-Modulus [MPa]
2000
1500
1000
500
0
51
4
4
t
02
02
ou
10
10
43
13
13
th
HV
HV
MA
wi
PP
PP
ne
ne
PE
HDPE 50 -x %
ce
ce
%
co
co
Maple-wood 50 %
2
Li
Li
ly
Test products 3%
on
TP
TP
160-160-170-170-180-180-180-180-185-185-190°C, die: 200 °C, 20 kg/h
Processing Properties
Highest output and lowest energy consumption with Licocene PE MA 4351 and Licocene PP 1302
9 0,1
Energy consumption [kWh/kg]

8
7 0,08
6
Output [kg/h]
0,06
5
4
0,04
3
2 0,02
1
0 0
51
4
4
t
02
02
ou
10
10
43
13
13
th
HV
HV
MA
wi
PP
PP
ne
ne
PE
ce
ce
co
co
HDPE 50 -x %
Li
Li
ly
on
TP
TP
Maple-wood 50 %
Test products 3%
Compounding: Leistritz ZSE 27 HP 44 D
160-160-170-170-180-180-180-180-185-185-190°C, die: 200 °C, 20 kg/h
Pressure Along the Extruder and E-Modulus
Lowest extrusion pressure, highest E-Modulus with Licocene PE MA 4351 and Licocene PP 1302
HDPE 40 -x %
130 3000 Maple Wood 60 %
Test product 1 2%
Test product 2 2%
2500
125
E-Modulus [MPa]
2000
120
1500
115
1000
110 500
105 0
2
3
t
51
ou
0
11
13
43
th
P
+H
wi
MA
+P
PE
1
5
5
43
t
Extrusion pressure
43
on
MA
m
MA
co
E-Modulus
PE
PE
Li
Compounding: Cincinatti Fiberex K 38

Lubricants for Soft Wood-Filled PE
Melt Temperature
Lowest mass temperature with Licocene PE MA 4351 and PE MA 4351 with Licocene PP 1302
HDPE 40 -x %
173 Soft-wood 60 %
Test products x%
172
Mass temperature [°C]
171
170
169
168
167
without 2 % Licocene PE MA 2 % PE MA 4351
4351 + 1,5 % PP 1302
Lubricants for Wood-Filled Polypropylene
Profile Extrusion
Better surface
Lower cavity pressure
Higher throughput
Without With wrong TP Licocene PP 1302

lubricant lubricant or Licolub® H 12
Formulation: 70 % Wood
3% Coupling Agent
4% Lubricant
23 % Polypropylene (MFR 30 g/10 min at 230 °C/2.16 kg)
Lubricants for Soft Wood-Filled PP
Pressure Along the Extruder (Decking Tool)
Lowest extrusion pressure with Licocene PP MA 7452 and Licocene PP 1302
136 PP 30 -x %
Soft-wood 70 %
Test product 3%
134
132
130
128
126
124
122
120
without Licocene PP MA HV 1020 PP MA 7452
7452 TP + PP 1302 (1,5 %)
Lubricants for Rubber Wood-Filled PP
Machine Load and E-Modulus (Bending Test)
Lowest machine load, highest E-Modulus with Licocene PP MA 7452 and Licocene PP 1302
PP 30 -x %
43 3500 Rubber wood 70 %
Test product 3%
42 3000
2500
41
Machine load [%]
E-Modulus [MPa]
2000
40
1500
39
1000
38 500
37 0
without Licocene PP MA HV 1020 PP MA 7452 Machine load
7452 TP + PP 1302 (1,5 %) E-Modulus
Industrial Recommendation I
Reifenhäuser Extrusion GmbH & Co.KG
WPC Direct Extrusion on Reifenhäuser Bitrudex 75

(Bitruder BT 75-30 D, Decking Tool)
Throughput 225 – 340 kg/hour,
70 – 80 % Wood Fibres, matrix Polypropylene
Best results regarding: With the formulation:

– Output 3% Licocene PP MA 7452 TP
– Mechanical properties 1% Licolub H 12
– Extrusion properties 0,3 % Hostanox M 101
– Line speed (Antioxidant)
– Look

Industrial Recommendation II
Lubricants for a Better Surface Quality
Throughput 30 kg/h 60 kg/h
Without ‒ ‒‒
3 % Coupling Agent + ‒
3 % Coupling Agent
++ +
+ 1,5 % Licolub H 12
Cincinnati Titan 58; Formulation:

PPT-Tool, 70 x 17 mm 70 % wood fibers
Visual properties 30 – x % polypropylene
x% additives

Lubricants for PVC Based WPC
General remarks:
– Lower wood filling level
(40 – 60 %)
– Efficient compatibilizer
hardly available
– Strong demand for lubricants
– „Standard“ lubricants like
EBS waxes, Ca-stearate,
PE waxes in use

Accessible PE and PP Waxes by Metallocene-Catalysis
Drop/Softening Point vs. Melt Viscosity
170
PP 7502
150
PP 6102 PP 6502
130
PE PE 5301
4201
PP 4202
PE
[°C]
110
3401
PP 2602
PE 2401
90 PP 1302 PP PP
1502 1602
70
50
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
[mPa.s]
(Measuring temp. PE: 140°C, PP: 170°C)

Ca/Zn-Stabilized PVC Wood-Compounds
Pressure Formation Along the Extruder
S-PVC k-value 68 100 phr

400 Wood pellets 50 phr
Ca/Zn-Stabilizer 2,4 phr
350
Impact modifier 7 phr
Processing aid 1 phr
300
Chalk 6 phr
Di stearyl phthalate 0,5 phr
Pressure [bar]
250
Oxidized PE wax 0,2 phr
200 Test product 1,0 – 1,25 phr
150
100
50
0 1,25 phr Licowax PE 520

p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 1 phr Licowax PE 520
1 phr Licocene PE 4201
1 phr Licocene PP 6102
Extrusiometer E 30 M: D= 30 mm, 25 L/D, n= 15 rpm,
Temperature: 175-180-185-190-195°C, round-section die: 200°C
Output and Energy Consumption
4 0,08
e - Value [kWh/kg]
3,5
Output [kg/h]
0,06
3
0,04
2,5
2 0,02
0
0
G
52
52
F
01
02
E
PE
42
xP
61
E
x
wa
wa
P P
ne
co
ico
ne
ce
Li
ce
ico
hr
hr
ico
5p
1p
Output
L
L
hr
1,2
hr
1p
e - Value
1p

Mechanical Properties - Impact Strength
16
12
0
0
0
G
52
52
2F
01
E
PE
42
10
xP
E
x
6
wa
wa
ne
ne
co
ico
ce
ce
Li
ico
L
ico
hr
hr
L
5p
1p
hr
hr
1p
1,2
1p

Tin-Stabilized PVC Wood-Compounds
Torque and Melt Temperature
PVC Resin k-value 56 100,0 phr

Wood flour 50,0 phr
190 188
Processing aid 1,0 phr
Organotin stabilizer 1,5 phr
170 187 Ca - stearate 1,0 phr
Melt temperature [°C]

Torque [Nm]
150 186
130 185
110 184
90 183
70 182
1 phr Licolub 1 phr Licocene 1 phr Licocene 0,5 phr Licocene
H4 PP 6102 PP 1502 PP 6102 + 0,5 phr Torque [Nm]
Licolub WE 4 Melt temperature [°C]
Tin-Stabilized PVC Wood-Compounds
Output and Energy Consumption
29 0,07
28
Energy consumption [kWh/kg]

27 0,06
26
Output [kg/h]
0,05
25
24
0,04
23
22 0,03
21
20 0,02
1 phr Licolub 1 phr Licocene 1 phr Licocene 0,5 phr Licocene
H4 PP 6102 PP 1502 PP 6102/ 0,5 phr Output
Licolub WE 4 Energy consumption
CE3Z twin screw: D= 52-24 mm, 25 L/D, n= 30 rpm,
Temperature: 180-190-190-190-190°C, flat-die: 190°C
Water Bath Storage /
Extrusion Specimen
No significant differences (Standard bars / Charpy)
Weight increase about 1,4 – 1,7 % within 10 days and about 2,0 – 2,5 % within
20 days
Licowax PE 520
Licocene PP 6102*
TP Licocene PP 1502
Licocene PP 6102 /
Licolub WE 4

Summary for Wood Plastic Composites
Based on PVC
The metallocene wax Licocene PP 6102 provides even at

lower dosage:
Lowest pressure build-up / torque

Lowest energy consumption
Higher output
No influence on mechanical properties

Public
BU Base Products
Technical Marketing Waxes
20.04.2009
Thank you for your

attention

Additives For Wood Plastic Composites 2009-090420

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Additives For Wood Plastic Composites 2009-090420

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Public

Wood/natural fibers Plastic

Wood Plastic Composites

=> use of a suitable coupling agent necessary

Public: Additives for WPC

 Processing: Extrusion, injection molding

Public: Additives for WPC

® Trademark registered by Clariant in numerous countries

Public: Additives for WPC

 Coupling agents provide a strong bonding via cross-linking and entanglements

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

 Licocene PE MA 4351 provides:

Public: Additives for WPC

Grade Chemical Drop Point Viscosity Acid Anhydride

Licocene polar modified approx. approx. approx. approx.

Public: Additives for WPC

Impact Strength [kJ/m²]

15 1,5 Tensile Strength

Public: Additives for WPC

0,5% Licocene PE MA 4351

Storage time in water at room temperature [days] 3,0% Licocene PE MA 4351

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

 Licocene PP MA 7452 TP provides:

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Impact strength [kJ/m²]

Public: Additives for WPC

Impact strength [kJ/m²]

Breaking energy [Nmm]

Extrusion pressure [bar]

Public: Additives for WPC

- Without any flame retardant -

Test: DIN 4102 B 2 Formulation: 70 % wood

Public: Additives for WPC

- With flame retardant in compound -

Test: DIN 4102 B 2 Formulation: 50 % wood

Afterburning Without 5% Exolit® 10% Exolit 15% Exolit

Test: UL 94 Formulation: 60 % wood

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Without 1,5 % Glycerolmonostearate 2 % Licolub H 12

Formulation: 60 % wood fibres

Elongation at break [%]

Energy consumption [kWh/kg]

Compounding: Cincinatti Fiberex K 38

Without With wrong TP Licocene PP 1302

WPC Direct Extrusion on Reifenhäuser Bitrudex 75

 Best results regarding:  With the formulation:

Public: Additives for WPC

Throughput 30 kg/h 60 kg/h

Cincinnati Titan 58; Formulation:

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

Public: Additives for WPC

S-PVC k-value 68 100 phr

0 1,25 phr Licowax PE 520

Extrusiometer E 30 M: D= 30 mm, 25 L/D, n= 15 rpm,

Processing: Extrusion, injection molding

Coupling agents provide a strong bonding via cross-linking and entanglements

Licocene PE MA 4351 provides:

Licocene PP MA 7452 TP provides:

Best results regarding: With the formulation:

Lowest pressure build-up / torque