“R.I.

P GAMER’S INFORMATION”

GROUP MEMBER NAMES

JALAL AZHAR SP-18/BSCS/028

SAMI MAZHAR SP-18/BSC/027

SUBHAN BASHIR SP-18/BSCS/062

ARSLAN YOUSAF SP-18/BSCS/80

AHSAN ABBAS SP-18/BSCS/030

MAAZ ABBAS SP-18/BSCS/

R.I.P GAMERS LOGO:-

 EMERGENCY FIRE ALARM

WHAT IS A EMERGENCY FIRE ALARM?

When the Fire Alarm sounds, act immediately to ensure your safety.

The Fire Alarm System is designed and engineered to provide you with an
early warning to allow you to safely exit the building during
an emergency situation. Never ignore or assume the alarm is false or the
result of a test.

A fire alarm system has a number of devices working together to detect

and warn people through visual and audio appliances
when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other emergencies are present.
These alarms may be activated automatically from smoke detectors,
and heat detectors or may also be activated via manual fire alarm
activation devices such as manual call points or pull stations. Alarms can
be either motorized bells or wall mountable sounders or horns. They can
also be [(speaker strobes]) which sound an alarm, followed by a voice
evacuation message which warns people inside the building not to use
the elevators. Fire alarm sounders can be set to certain frequencies and
different tones including low, medium and high, depending on the country
and manufacturer of the device. Most fire alarm systems in Europe sound
like a siren with alternating frequencies. Fire alarm electronic devices are
known as horns in the United States and Canada, and can be either
continuous or set to different codes. Fire alarm warning devices can also
be set to different volume levels.

HISTORY OF A EMERGENCY FIRE ALARM

The first automatic electric fire alarm was patented in 1890 by Francis Robbins
Upton, an associate of Thomas Edison. George Andrew Darby patented the first
European electrical heat detector in 1902 in Birmingham, England. In the late 1930s
Swiss physicist Walter Jaeger tried to invent a sensor for poison gas.
 He expected that gas entering the sensor would bind to ionized air molecules and
thereby alter an electric current in a circuit in the instrument. His device did not meet its
purpose: small concentrations of gas had no effect on the sensor's conductivity.
 Frustrated, Jaeger lit a cigarette and was soon surprised to notice that a meter on the
instrument had registered a drop in current.Smoke particles from his cigarette had
apparently done what poison gas could not.
 Jaeger's experiment was one of the advances that paved the way for the modern
smoke detector. In 1939 Swiss physicist Ernst Meili devised an ionization chamber
device capable of detecting combustible gases in mines. He also invented a cold
cathode tube that could amplify the small signal generated by the detection mechanism
to a strength sufficient to activate an alarm.
Ionization smoke detectors were first sold in the United States in 1951; they were used
only in major commercial and industrial facilities in the next several years due to their
large size and cost. In 1955 simple home "fire detectors" for homes were developed,
 detecting high temperatures. The United States Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC)
granted the first license to distribute smoke detectors using radioactive material in
1963. The first low-cost smoke detector for domestic use was developed by Duane D.
Pearsall in 1965, an individual replaceable battery-powered unit that could be easily
installed. The "SmokeGard 700 was a beehive-shaped, strong fire-resistant steel
unit. The company began mass-producing these units in 1975. Studies in the 1960s
determined that smoke detectors respond to fires much faster than heat detectors.
The first single-station smoke detector was invented in 1970 and made public the next
year. It was an ionization detector powered by a single 9-volt battery.
 They cost about US$125 and sold at a rate of a few hundred thousand per
year. Several technological developments occurred between 1971 and 1976,
including the replacement of cold-cathode tubes with solid-state electronics, which
greatly reduced the detectors' sizes and made it possible to monitor battery life.
 The previous alarm horns, which required specialty batteries, were replaced with horns
that were more energy-efficient, enabling the use of commonly available batteries.
 These detectors could also function with smaller amounts of radioactive source
material, and the sensing chamber and smoke detector enclosure were redesigned for
more effective operation.
 The rechargeable batteries were often replaced by a pair of AA batteries along with a
plastic shell encasing the detector. The 10-year-lithium-battery-powered smoke alarm
was introduced in 1995.
The photoelectric (optical) smoke detector was invented by Donald Steele and Robert
Emmark of Electro Signal Lab and patented in 1972.

HOW A EMERGENCY FIRE ALARM WORKS?

When the Fire Alarm sounds, act immediately to ensure your safety. The Fire
AlarmSystem is designed and engineered to provide you with an early warning to allow
you to safely exit the building during an emergency situation. ... Everyone must
evacuate the building by way of the safest and closest exit and/or stairway.

Cultural property management is entrusted with the responsibility of protecting and

preserving an institution's buildings, collections, operations and occupants. Constant
attention is required to minimize adverse impact due to climate, pollution, theft,
vandalism, insects, mold and fire. Because of the speed and totality of the destructive
forces of fire, it constitutes one of the more serious threats. Vandalized or
environmentally damaged structures can be repaired and stolen objects recovered.
Items destroyed by fire, however, are gone forever. An uncontrolled fire can obliterate
an entire room's contents within a few minutes and completely burn out a building in a
couple hours.

The first step toward halting a fire is to properly identify the incident, raise the occupant
alarm, and then notify emergency response professionals. This is often the function of
the fire detection and alarm system. Several system types and options are available,
depending on the specific characteristics of the protected space.

Fire protection experts generally agree that automatic sprinklers represent one of the
single, most significant aspects of a fire management program. Properly designed,
installed, and maintained, these systems can overcome deficiencies in risk
management, building construction, and emergency response. They may also provide
enhanced flexibility of building design and increase the overall level of fire safety.

The following text presents an overview of fire detection, alarm and sprinkler systems
including system types, components, operations, and answers to common anxieties.
 Fire Alarm Evacuation Policy
Medford/Somerville and Grafton Campuses
When the Fire Alarm sounds, act immediately to ensure your safety. The Fire
Alarm System is designed and engineered to provide you with an early warning
to allow you to safely exit the building during an emergency situation.

 Never ignore or assume the alarm is false or the result of a test.

 Everyone must evacuate the building by way of the safest and closest exit
and/or stairway.
 Never use an elevator to exit during a fire alarm activation.
 Once outside the building, move away from the building. Assemble across
the street or along the sidewalk of the adjacent building.
 The front of the building is where the fire fighters and fire trucks will be
operating. Do not obstruct their access to the building.
 If there is an incident occurring on the upper floors and glass is being
blown out of the windows, the area below is the hazard zone where
serious personal injuries will happen. Do not remain in or near the hazard
zone.
 Once outside, never re-enter the building until you are told to do so by the
fire department or Tufts Police.

Boston Campus
High Rise Building Fire Alarm Evacuation Policy

On the Boston Campus, Dental, H.N.R.C., Sackler, Jaharis and M&V Complex,
are defined by fire code as high rise buildings (over 70 feet) and; therefore, the
evacuation procedures are floor selective. This procedure prevents large
numbers of people from evacuating at the same time and causing delay and
congestion in the exit stairways. When the fire alarm is activated, building
occupants will hear a horn which will sound FOUR-FOUR-FOUR (4-4-4).
The duration of this signal will be approximately fifteen (15) seconds. A pre-
recorded voice message (female voice) will be heard over the building intercom
system.

Your safety depends on the following the instructions in the voice message:

“IF YOUR FLOOR EVACUATION SIGNAL SOUNDS AFTER THE MESSAGE,

WALK TO THE NEAREST STAIRWAY AND LEAVE THE BUILDING. WHILE
THE REPORT IS BEING VERIFIED, OCCUPANTS ON OTHER FLOORS
SHOULD AWAIT FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS OVER THE INTERCOM
SYSTEM.”

The evacuation alarm will now sound on the affected floor, the floor below and the
floor above. The evacuation alarm will be a slow ‘whoop’. Upon the sounding of
this slow ‘whoop’ on your floor, all occupants of the floor(s) should, without putting
themselves in jeopardy:

1. Shut down equipment

2. Lock and secure cash drawers and valuables
3. Close (but do not lock) office or lab doors, and

4. Proceed to the nearest marked emergency exit on each floor. 

Do not use the elevators.

If the Boston Fire Department confirms that there is a fire/smoke or hazardous

condition that threatens the life safety of the remaining occupants, the fire alarm
system will sound on all floors and all occupants must evacuate the building.

 Once outside the building, move away from the building. Assemble across
the street or along the sidewalk of the adjacent building.
 The front of the building is where the fire fighters and fire trucks will be
operating. Do not obstruct their access to the building.
 If there is an incident occurring on the upper floors and glass is being
blown out of the windows, the area below is the hazard zone where
serious personal injuries will happen.Do not remain in or near the hazard
zone.
In the event that the Fire Alarm System in the Proger Building (adjacent to Dental)
is activated, you will hear the following message (female voice) over the intercom
system:

“ATTENTION PLEASE, ATTENTION PLEASE.  BE ADVISED THAT THE FIRE

ALARM SYSTEM IN THE ADJACENT PROGER BUILDING HAS BEEN
ACTIVATED. PLEASE REFRAIN FROM ENTERING THE PROGER BUILDING,
FROM ALL LEVELS, UNTIL YOU HAVE BEEN GIVEN THE ALL CLEAR
NOTIFICATION. IF FURTHER ACTION IS NECESSARY ON YOUR PART, YOU
WILL BE INSTRUCTED TO FOLLOW FLOOR RESPONSE PLANS.”

When the alarm sounds, LISTEN – important information is being broadcast to

you. IF YOUR FLOOR IS NOT INVOLVED IN THE INCIDENT YOU MAY
REMAIN IN THE BUILDING, BUT YOU MAY BE TOLD TO LEAVE THE
BUILDING once the Boston Fire Department arrives and evaluates the incident.
Do not start any work that cannot be interrupted until you have received the “ALL
CLEAR”.

Fire Alarm Evacuation Drills

Fire Evacuation Drills are conducted twice a year in all of the residence halls.
The first drill is scheduled early in the Fall semester (September) and the second
drill is conducted early in the Spring semester (January). Evacuation is
mandatory for all occupants during all fire alarm activations.

Fire evacuation drills are also conducted on a quarterly schedule for Health
Services and the Child Development Day Care Centers. Drills for other campus
buildings are not conducted unless requested and scheduled by department
managers or building curators.
When the fire alarm sounds, you must leave the building immediately. 

Never assume that the alarm is false or that the system is being tested. When a
system test is being conducted the building will be posted with a notice indicating
the day and time of the test.

Most building systems are tested during the winter and summer breaks. The
detection devices are very sensitive and the Fire Alarm System provides you with
an early warning of an emergency situation.

Even if your area is clear of any smoke or odor, do not disregard the alarm, as
there could be an incident on a floor away from your area. 

Never use an elevator. Proceed to the nearest designated emergency exit and

leave the building.

Do not re-enter the building until told to do so by either a Tufts Police officer or a
member of the local fire department.
 WHAT COMPONENTS WE INVOLVE IN OUR PROJECT?
These are the following component we have involve in our EMERGENCY FIRE
ALARM PROJECT :

1) 1 x BREAD BOARD.
2) 1 X 10K THERMISTER.
3) 1 X 4.7K RESISTOR.
4) 1 X LM358 OP-AMP.
5) 1 X 10K POT.
6) 1 X BUZZER.
7) CONNECTING WIRES.

CUIRCUIT DIAGRAM