International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code

What are dangerous goods?

Dangerous goods are substances or articles that are potentially dangerous to people, property and the
environment. They include:

1 Explosive Explosive substances or articles used to produce explosions, which have a mass
explosion hazard or present no significant hazard (i.e. Nitroglycerin 硝化甘油 has been
used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of explosives)
2 Flammable Substances can be in the form of gas, liquid, or solid.
For example, gases that can ignite in air on contact with a source of ignition
i.e. Butane 丁烷
3 Spontaneously Substances likely to heat spontaneously and catch fire without being lit, i.e. Coal
combustible
4 Water reactive Substances when in contact with water emit flammable gases, i.e. Magnesium 鎂)
5 Oxidizing Substances which produce oxygen, help a fire to burn more fiercely, thus increasing
the intensity of fire in other materials with which they may come into contact, i.e.
Potassium 鉀
6 Toxic Substances likely to cause death or serious injury if swallowed, inhaled or brought
into contact with the skin
7 Corrosive Solid and liquid substances that can severely damage living tissue or attack other
materials such as metals, i.e. Sulphuric Acid 硫酸

Legal Framework
(1) The Carriage of (1) dangerous goods and (2) marine pollutants in sea-going ships is regulated by:-
(a) International Convention for the Safety of the Life at Sea (SOLAS) and;
(b) International Convention for the Prevention of pollution from Ships (MARPOL).

(2) Relevant parts of both the International Convention for the Safety of the Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the
International Convention for the Prevention of pollution from Ships (MARPOL) are included in the
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, making this Code the primary legal instrument
dealing with stowage, segregation and carriage of dangerous goods and marine pollutants by sea.

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History of the IMDG
 In 1961, Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) began preparing the Code
with the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. The Code was later
adopted in 1965 by IMO.
 Amendments to SOLAS Chapter VII (Carriage of DGs) adopted in May 2002 and made the IMDG
Code mandatory from 1st January 2004.

Updating the IMDG Code

(1) IMDG has been kept up to date by IMO's Maritime Safety Committee by regular amendments,
(2) Including those needed to keep it in line with United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of
Dangerous Goods which sets the basic requirements for all the transport modes.
(3) The IMDG Code is updated every two years to take account of:
(i) New dangerous goods which have to be included.
(ii) New technology and methods of working with or handling dangerous goods.
(iii) Safety concerns which arise as a result of experience.

For example, see “Marine Department Notice No. 2 of 2009” for 2008 Amendment to IMDG Code and its Supplement.

DG Classes
1. Dangerous goods are classified in 9 different classes according to their properties.
2. Some of the classes are sub-divided into divisions.
3. Individual dangerous goods are listed in the “Dangerous Goods List (DGL)”
4. A number of dangerous substances in the various classes have also been identified as “Substances Harmful to the
Marine Environment” known as MARINE POLLUTANTS.

Hazard Classes & Divisions

Classes or divisions are listed below:

Class 1: Explosives (i.e. Nitroglycerin). The six hazard divisions of class 1 are as follows:-
Division 1.1: substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.2: substances and articles which have a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.3: substances and articles which have a fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or a minor
projection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.4: substances and articles which present no significant hazard
Division 1.5: very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.6: extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard

Class 2: Gases (i.e. Butane)

Class 2.1: Flammable gases (Gases that can ignite in air on contact with a source of ignition)
Class 2.2: Non-flammable, non-toxic gases (Gases that are non-flammable but may
cause suffocation)
Class 2.3: Toxic gases (Gases likely to cause death or serious injury if inhaled)

Class 3: Flammable Liquids (Liquids, “the vapours of which” can ignite in air on contact
with a source of ignition)

Class 4: Flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion; substances which,

in contact with water, emit flammable gases, i.e. Magnesium)
Class 4.1: Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and desensitized explosives (Substances that are easily
ignited by external sources, such as sparks and flames)
Class 4.2: Substances liable to spontaneous combustion (Substances likely to heat spontaneously and catch
fire)
Class 4.3: Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (Substances produce dangerous
quantities of flammable gas when in contact with water; Heat from this reaction may cause these gases to
spontaneously ignite);

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Class 5: Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, (i.e. Potassium)
Class 5.1: Oxidizing substances (Substances that are not necessarily combustible by themselves, but which
produce oxygen, which increases the risk and intensity of fire in other materials with which they may come into
contact);
Class 5.2: Organic peroxides (Organic substances containing bivalent oxygen that are thermally unstable and
likely to react dangerously with other substances);

Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances

Class 6.1: Toxic substances (Substances likely to cause death or serious injury if swallowed inhaled or brought
into contact with the skin);
Class 6.2: Infectious substances (Substances known or likely to contain micro organisms which can cause
disease;

Class 7: Radioactive material (Material for which the specific activity exceeds
70kBq/kg, i.e. Titanium 鈦)

Class 8: Corrosive substances (Solid and liquid substances that can severely damage living tissue or attack other
materials such as metals, i.e Sulphuric Acid)

Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles (Substances and articles that present a danger, but are not
covered by other classes)

IMO DG Classes
The hazard presented by each class is identified by an internationally accepted Hazard Warning Label (diamond).

Explosive Explosive Flammable Gas Non-flammable Compressed Gas

Toxic Gas Flammable Liquid Flammable Solid Spontaneously Combustible

Dangerous When Wet Oxidizing Agent Organic Peroxide Toxic

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 Infectious Substance Radioactive Radioactive Radioactive

Radioactive Corrosive Marine Pollutant Miscellaneous

Identification Label

Class 1.4 Class 2 Class 2.2

Explosives Gases Non-flammable Gases

Class 2.3 Class 3 Class 4.1

Poisonous Gases Flammable Liquid Flammable Solids

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 Class 4.2
Class 4.3 Class 5.1
Spontaneously
Dangerous when wet Oxidizing Agent
Combustible

Class 5.2 Class 7.1

Class 6.1
Organic Peroxide Radioactive
Toxic Substance

Class 8 Class 9
Corrosive Substance Misc Dangerous Goods

IMDG Code
 The Code comprises 7 parts, presented in two books (Volume 1 and Volume 2).
 Both books are used to obtain the required information when shipping dangerous goods by sea.
 The Code also contains One Supplement.

Volume 1 (Parts 1-2 & 4-7 of the Code) comprises:

Part 1 General provisions, definitions and training
Part 2 Classifications
Part 4 Packing and tank provisions
Part 5 Consignment procedures
Part 6 Construction and Testing of Packagings, Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs), Large Packagings, Portable
Tanks, Multi-Element Gas Containers (MEGCs) and Road Tank Vehicles
Part 7 Provisions concerning transport operations

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Volume 2 (Part 3 and the Appendices of the Code) comprises:
 Part 3 - Dangerous Goods List (DGL), Special Provisions and Exceptions (The DGL provides information on
transport requirements in a coded form. The list is divided into 18 columns for each DG coded from 0004 to 3481
(For example, by UN 1565, you may find 18 columns regarding “Barium Cyanide”).
 Appendix A - List of Generic and N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified) Proper Shipping Names
 Appendix B - Glossary of terms
 Alphabetical Index

The Supplement contains the following comtents:

 Emergency Response Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods (The EmS Guide);
 Medical First Aid Guide (MFAG) for use in Accidents involving GDs;
 Reporting Procedures;
 IMO/ILO/UNECE Guidelines for Packing Cargo Transport Units;
 Recommendations on the Safe Use of Pesticides in Ships;
 Recommendations on the Safe Use of Pesticides in Ships applicable to the Fumigation of Cargo Holds;
 Recommendations on the Safe Use of Pesticides in Ships applicable to the Fumigation of Cargo Transport Units;
 International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium 鈽 and High-Level
Radioactive Wastes on Board Ships (INF Code);

EmS Guide
The purposes of the EmS Guide contained in the IMDG Code Supplement, and the EmS Guide is helpful in
fulfilling the requirements of ISM Code.
(1) The full name for EmS is Emergency Procedures for Ships carrying DGs;
(2) The purpose of the EmS Guide is to provide guidance for dealing with fires and spillages (leakages) on board
ships involving the DGs listed in the IMDG Code;
(3) In accordance with the ISM Code, all ships, and the companies responsible for their operations, are required
to maintain a Safety Management System (SMS). Within the SMS, procedures for responding to potential
shipboard emergency are required;
(4) This guide is intended to assist ship-owners, ship operators and other parties concerned with developing such
emergency response procedures, which should be integrated into the ship’s contingency plan.

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Notes: Irradiated Nuclear Fuel (INF Code)

IMDG Code

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Document of Compliance (DOC) “with the special requirements” for ships carrying dangerous goods,
Document of Compliance
1. Ships of the following descriptions:
(a) Passenger ships constructed on or after September 1984;
(b) All other ships of 500 tons or over constructed on or after 1 September 1984;
(c) All other ships of under 500 tons constructed on or after 1 February 1992;
(d) that are intended, or that have cargo spaces intended for, the carriage of dangerous goods on international
voyages, must carry a Document of Compliance (DOC);
2. The Document of Compliance will certify that that ship complies with regulation 54 of Chapter II-2 to the
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974 (SOLAS 1974) and will be limited to 5 years
from the date of issue;
3. The document of Compliance is issued by the flag state after a survey;
4. This document is usually in the form of a diagram showing all the spaces on board in which dangerous goods
can be loaded;
5. Table then sets out the classes of dangerous goods that the ship is allowed to carry and the spaces in which
these classes can be carried;
6. The document also states additional requirements that must be fulfilled prior to carrying the dangerous goods
or marine pollutants. This may be additional fire fighting equipment or ventilation in holds required for
certain classes of dangerous goods.

Use of Code
(1) Prior to loading consignments of dangerous cargo or marine pollutant onboard, you must refer to the ship
specific DOC issued by the flag state or a body authorized by the flag state;
(2) This will specify the spaces available onboard for loading the DGs and the additional equipment that may be
required on board.

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 Dangerous Goods Declaration & Dangerous Goods List

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Stowage
 Each substance listed in the dangerous goods list is allocated a stowage category;
 Class 1 goods is allocated a numerical stowage category from 01 to 15;
 Whilst for other classes the stowage requirements are categorized A, B, C, D or E.
 The stowage requirements are found in Chapter 7.1 of Volume 1 of the IMDG Code.

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Stowage Provisions for goods of Class 1
They shall be stowed as indicated in column 16 of the DGL according to one of the categories specified below:-

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Segregation
 Once the stowage position has been allocated, the next step is to segregate the goods from other substances in the
vicinity;
 The segregation requirements are dealt with in Chapter 7.2 of Volume 1 of the IMDG Code;
 The segregation requirements between DGs carried on the same ship are laid out in a tabular format;
 The DGs classes of the goods are cross-referenced with the class of the other substances using the following
table:-
(1) Away from;
(2) Separated from;
(3) Separated by a complete compartment or hold from;
(4) Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from;

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Chapter 7.2: Segregation – IMDG Code
7.2.1 General
7.2.1.1 The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all cargo spaces on deck or under deck of all types of ships and to
cargo transport units.

7.2.1.2 Incompatible goods shall be segregated from one another.

7.2.1.3 For the implementation of this requirement, two substances or articles are considered mutually incompatible
when their stowage together may result in undue hazards in case of leakage or spillage, or any other accident.

7.2.1.4 The extent of the hazard arising from possible reactions between incompatible dangerous goods may vary and
so the segregation arrangements required may also vary as appropriate. Such segregation is obtained by maintaining
certain distances between incompatible dangerous goods or by requiring the presence of one or more steel bulkheads or
decks between them, or a combination thereof. Intervening spaces between such dangerous goods may be filled with
other cargo compatible with the dangerous substances or articles in question.

7.2.1.5 The following segregation terms are used throughout this Code:
a) "Away from";
b) "Separated from";
c) "Separated by a complete compartment or hold from";
d) "Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from".

7.2.1.6 The general provisions for segregation. Between the various classes of dangerous goods are shown in the
"segregation table" of 7.2.1.16. Particular provisions for segregation are indicated in the Dangerous Goods List.

For example:
In the Dangerous Goods List, entry for ACETYLENE. DISSOLVED, Class 2.1, UN 1001, the following
particular segregation requirement is specified:
"Separated from" chlorine

In the Dangerous Goods List, entry for BARIUM CYANIDE, Class 6.1, UN 1565, the following particular
segregation is specified:
"Separated from" acids

7.2.1.6.1 Where the Code indicates a single secondary hazard (one subsidiary risk label), the segregation provisions
applicable to that hazard shall take precedence where they are more stringent than those of the primary hazard.

Notes:
Subsidiary risk (sub-risk)
 Where dangerous goods present more than one hazard, the less significant hazards are termed "sub-risk";
 When specific Dangerous Goods have more than one significant hazard, they are assigned a Class on the most
significant hazard, and are assigned one or more subsidiary risks (‘sub-risks’) according to the other hazards.
 SEGREGATION SHALL ALSO TAKE ACCOUNT OF A SINGLE SUBSIDIARY RISK LABEL

How can I determine if different dangerous goods stored together are compatible?
1. Two or more dangerous goods are deemed compatible if their interaction does not result in a reaction that may give
rise to a fire, explosion, harmful reaction, or the evolution of flammable, toxic, or corrosive vapors.
2. Compatibility charts can be used as an aid in determining if two classes of dangerous goods are compatible.

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Segregation Table
7.2.1.17 The Segregation table shows the general provisions for segregation between the various classes of
dangerous goods.

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Notes:
 Table above shows the general requirements for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods.
 Since the properties of substances or articles within each class may vary greatly, the individual schedules should
always be consulted for segregation.
 A container space means a distance of not less then 6m F&A, or less than 2.5m athwart ships.

Segregation of Packages Containing DGs in the Conventional Way

Full vertical lines represent transverse bulkheads between cargo spaces (compartments or holds) resistant to fire and
liquid. Definitions of the segregation terms are as follows:-

a) Away from:

Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot

interact dangerously in the event of an accident but may be
transported in the same compartment or hold or on deck, provided
a minimum horizontal separation of 3 meters, projected vertically,
is obtained.

b) Separated from:

In different compartments or holds when stowed under deck.

Provided the intervening deck is resistant to fire and liquid, a
vertical separation, i.e. in different compartments, may be
accepted as equivalent to this segregation. For on deck stowage,
this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 6
metres horizontally.

d) Separated by a complete compartment or hold from:

Either a vertical or a horizontal separation. If the intervening decks

are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only a longitudinal
separation, i.e. by an intervening complete compartment or hold, is
acceptable. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a
separation by a distance of at least 12 metres horizontally. The
same distance has to be applied if one package is stowed on deck
and the other one in an upper compartment.
Note. One of the two decks must be
resistant to fire and to liquid.

e) Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete

compartment or hold from:

Vertical separation alone does not meet this requirement. Between

a package under deck and one on deck, a minimum distance of 24
metres, including a complete compartment, must be maintained
longitudinally. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a
separation by a distance of at least 24 metres longitudinally.

Legends:-
1) Reference package

2) Package containing incompatible goods

3) Deck resistant to fire and liquid

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 In the case of that a freight container which totally encloses the contents by permanent structures

Another example refers to the “Table of Segregation of Cargo Transport Units on board ro-ro Ships” below;
a distance of at least 3 meters must be maintained between the units. In the case of that a freight container which
is not a closed freight container, but an open transport unit.

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Illustrations of segregation of cargo transport units on board container ships
To determine locations in which cargo transport units are not permitted to contain dangerous goods that are
incompatible with those in a reference cargo transport unit, the following method shall be used.
Container spaces (such as one container space, two container spaces) are identified in accordance with the applicable
segregation provisions in the fore-and-aft and athwartships directions from the reference cargo transport unit.
A container space means a distance of not less than 6 metres fore and aft or not less than 2.4 metres arthwartship.

Definitions of the segregation terms

1) Reference cargo transport unit (CTU)
2) CTU containing incompatible goods NOT permitted
3) CTU containing incompatible goods permitted
Distance atwarthships a) one container space
b) two container spaces
c) three containers spaces
Distance fore and aft a) one container space
b) two container spaces

Note. All bulkheads and decks shall be resistant to fire and liquids

Situation fore & aft + athwartships: 1 container space

Situation “fore & aft”: 1 container space & “athwartship”: 2 container spaces

Situation “fore & aft”: 2 container spaces & “athwartship”: 3 container spaces

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 All bulkheads and decks shall be resistant to fire and liquids
“Separated by a complete compartment or hold from” 3
Horizontal Vertical
Open versus open On deck Under deck
Fore and aft Two container spaces Two bulkheads NOT in the same vertical line
Athwartships Three container spaces Two bulkheads unless segregated by a deck

All bulkheads and decks shall be resistant to fire and liquids

“Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from” 4
Horizontal Vertical
Closed versus closed On deck Under deck
Fore and aft Minimum horizontal One bulkhead and
Distance of 24 metres minimum horizontal Prohibited
distance of 24 metres*
Athwartships Prohibited Prohibited

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SOLAS - International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
Chapter VII – Carriage of Dangerous Goods of SOLAS, 1974 dealing with Carriage of Dangerous Goods in package
form or in solid form in bulk has several parts:

Part A - Carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form

 Includes provisions for the Classification, Packing, Marking, labelling and placarding, Documentation and
Stowage of dangerous goods.
 Requires Contracting Governments to issue instructions at the national level, and Makes mandatory the
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code developed by IMO (IMDG Code is constantly updated to
accommodate new dangerous goods and to supplement or revise existing provisions).

Part A-1 - Carriage of dangerous goods in solid form in bulk

 Covers the documentation, stowage and segregation requirements for these goods and requires reporting of
incidents involving such goods.

Part B
 Covers construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous liquid chemicals in bulk, and
 Requires chemical tankers built after 1 July 1986 to comply with the International Bulk Chemical Code (IBC
Code).

Part C
 Covers Construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk, and
 Requires gas carriers constructed after 1 July 1986 to comply with the requirements of the International Gas
Carrier Code (IGC Code).

Part D
 Includes special requirements for the carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level
radioactive wastes on board ships, and
 Requires ships carrying such products to comply with the International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged
Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-Level Radioactive Wastes on Board Ships (INF Code).

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Chapter VII – Carriage of Dangerous Goods of SOLAS, 1974 setting out various classes of DGs:
Class 1: Explosives
Class 2: Gases: Compressed, Liquefied or dissolved under pressure
Class 3: Flammable liquids

Class 4: Flammable solids or substances

Class 4.1: flammable solids
Class 4.2: substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Class 4.3: substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases

Class 5: Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides

Class 5.1: oxidizing substances
Class 5.2: organic peroxides

Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances

Class 6.1: toxic substances
Class 6.2: infectious substances

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Class 7: Radioactive materials

Class 8: Corrosives

Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles

Documentation

UN No. is assigned to a DG by the United Nations Sub-committee of Experts on the Transport of DGs (UN List)

Notes:
Identification of Dangerous Goods by Proper Shipping Name (PSN) and United Nations Number (UN Number)
 A four-digit number known as the UN Number which is preceded by the letters UN, assigned to a dangerous good
by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN List).

 The corresponding Proper Shipping Name (PSN).

 For example, kerosene is identified in the IMDG Code by its UN Number UN 1223 and the PSN Kerosene.
 If you do not have the UN Number but have the PSN, you can find its associated UN Number by looking at the
alphabetical index at the back of Volume 2.

Using a four-digit number to identify dangerous goods enhances safety by:

 Overcoming language barriers - the four-digit number is easily understood in all languages
 Avoiding confusing similar names - e.g. TITANIUM POWDER, WETTED UN 1352 which is a
flammable solid in class 4.1 and has very different transport requirements to TITANIUM POWDER,
DRY UN 2546 which is spontaneously combustible in class 4.2.

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 Proper Shipping Name UN Class
No.
CARBON DISULPHIDE 1131 3
NICKEL CARBONYL 1259 6.1
DIETHYLZINC 1366 4.2
DIMETHYLZINC 1370 4.2
PYROPHORIC LIQUID, ORGANIC, N.O.S. MAGNESIUM ALKYLS 2845 4.2
PYROPHORIC LIQUID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. 3053 4.2
PYROPHORIC ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND, WATER-REACTIVE, 3194 4.2
N.O.S., liquid 3203 4.2

Notes:
Packing Group (PG) - the degree of danger presented by dangerous goods as follows
Packing Group I - high danger
Packing Group II - medium danger
Packing Group III - low danger

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Notes:
Subsidiary risk (sub-risk)
 Where dangerous goods present more than one hazard, the less significant hazards are termed "sub-risk";
 When specific Dangerous Goods have more than one significant hazard, they are assigned a Class on the most
significant hazard, and are assigned one or more subsidiary risks (‘sub-risks’) according to the other hazards.
 SEGREGATION SHALL ALSO TAKE ACCOUNT OF A SINGLE SUBSIDIARY RISK LABEL

Notes:
Dangerous Container Packing Certificate
The IMDG Code requires the person responsible for packing a freight container / vehicle to provide a Container
Packing Certificate certifying that the container has been properly packed, labeled, marked, segregated, and secured.

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Dangerous Goods Note (DGN) is used to document a consignment containing compatible DG or non-DG., and to
accompany hazardous goods in transit to the docks, a forwarder or an ICD (Inland Clearance Depot).

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Classification of dangerous goods - United Nations (UN)
 For all modes of transport (sea, air, rail, road and inland waterways), the classification (grouping) of
dangerous goods by type of risk involved, has been drawn up by the UNITED NATIONS.
 United Nations (UN) Numbers are four-digit numbers assigned by a committee of the United Nations in
international commerce and transportation to identify hazardous chemicals or classes of hazardous materials.
 These numbers generally range between 0000 and 3500 and are ideally preceded by the letters "UN" (for example,
"UN1005") to avoid confusion with other number codes.

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IBC = Intermediate Bulk Container

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Marking and Labeling of Packages
Duty to mark and label packages
The shipper has the binding duty to ensure that packages of dangerous goods presented for packing in a shipping
container for shipment by sea are marked and labeled in accordance with IMDG.

The cargo consolidator / shipping container packer has a duty to ensure that every package of dangerous goods he
loads into a shipping container has been correctly marked and labeled as in the examples below:

MARKS:
 Proper Shipping Name
 UN Number
 Marine pollutant mark (if applicable to the substance)

LABELS:
 Hazard Class Label for “each class” and “sub-risk” (diamond-shaped at least 100mm x 100mm)

Notes:
Subsidiary risk (sub-risk)
 Where dangerous goods present more than one hazard, the less significant hazards are termed "sub-risk";
 When specific Dangerous Goods have more than one significant hazard, they are assigned a Class on the
most significant hazard, and are assigned one or more subsidiary risks (‘sub-risks’) according to the other
hazards.
 SEGREGATION SHALL ALSO TAKE ACCOUNT OF A SINGLE SUBSIDIARY RISK LABEL

Proper Shipping name

 A standard name given to dangeorus goods for transport purposes

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Marking and labeling requirements for a typical combination package for dangerous goods
Separate inner packages packed into an outer package.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Contained in an over pack” means a number of packages placed in a box / crate, to form a unit for
convenience of handling and stowage during transport.
 The Over pack should be marked and labeled.

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Marine Pollutants
Marine Pollutant is termed as a number of dangerous substances in the various classes have also been
identified as substances harmful to the marine environment (MARINE POLLUTANTS).
(1) Any class of substances can have the additional classification of marine pollutant attached to it if it has the
property of bio-accumulating in seafood or because it is highly toxic to marine life.
(2) Packages and shipping containers carrying marine pollutants must display the Marine Pollutant Mark.

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 Self-reading Notes

IMO – Review of the Guidelines for Packing of Cargo Transport Units

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 nnnn

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