Renaissance Art and Architecture

The Renaissance refers to the era in Europe from the 14th to the 16th century in which a new
style in painting, sculpture and architecture developed after the Gothic. Although a religious
view of the world continued to play an important role in the lives of Europeans, a growing
awareness of the natural world, the individual and collective humanity’s worldly existence
characterize the Renaissance period. Derived from the French word, renaissance, and the
Italian word rinascità, both meaning ‘rebirth’, the Renaissance was a period when scholars and
artists began to investigate what they believed to be a revival of classical learning, literature
and art. For example, the followers of the 14th-century author Petrarch began to study texts
from Greece and Rome for their moral content and literary style. Having its roots in the
medieval university, this study called Humanism centered on rhetoric, literature, history and
moral philosophy.

a) The text is about The Renaissance was the era artists began to investigate what they
believed to be a revival of classical learning, literature and art

b) The main idea of the paragraph is The Renaissance (rebirth) refers to the era in Europe
from the 14th to the 16th century in which a new style in painting, sculpture and
architecture developed after the Gothic.

c) -Renaissance were developed after the Gothic

-Renaissance comes from Italian and French word 'rinascita' which means 'rebirth'

d) 1. Architecture -> the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings : “It had
many styles of architecture , from ancient Egypt to Renaissance.”
2. calligraphy -> decorative handwriting or handwritten lettering:
“Japanese calligraphies are beautiful”
3. creativity -> the use of the imagination or original ideas, especially in the production
of an artistic work: “firms are keen to encourage creativity”
4. decorative -> serving to make something look more attractive; ornamental.
5. drawing -> a picture made with pencil, pen, etc
6. design -> decide upon the look and functioning of (a building, garment, or other
object), typically by making a detailed drawing of it : “she has a degree in design”
7. gallery -> a room or building for the display or sale of works of art: “an art gallery”
8. graffiti ->writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or
other surface in a public place: “Parks with elegant stone walls were covered
with graffiti.”
9. illustration -> a picture illustrating a book, newspaper, etc.

10. mural -> a painting or other work of art executed directly on a wall
11. museum -> a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural
interest are stored and exhibited: “We know that more people go to museums and art
galleries than go sporting events.”
12. pottery->pots, dishes, and other articles made of earthenware or baked clay. Pottery
can be broadly divided into earthenware, porcelain, and stoneware: “an extensive
collection of nineteenth-century pottery”
13. sculpture -> the art of three-dimensional representative or abstract forms, especially
by carving stone or wood or by casting metal or plaster: “he set it down and knocked
over my sculpture in the process.”
14. sketch->a rough or unfinished drawing or painting: “a charcoal sketch”
15. watercolor->artists' paint made with a water giving a transparent color: “Carmen
uses ink, watercolor and metallic acrylic paint.”
16. woodcut->a print of a type made from a design cut in a block of wood: “For
woodcuts the design is drawn on a wooden board.”
17. still life->a painting or drawing of an arrangement of objects, typically including fruit
and flowers: “Magritte included wine bottles in his still-life works, as well as actually
painting on them”
18. craft->an activity involving skill in making things by hand: “the craft of bookbinding”
19. paint->a colored substance that is spread over a surface and dries to leave a thin
decorative or protective coating
20. dance->move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps:
“The dance steps matched the beat”
21. song -> a short poem or other set of words set to music or meant to be sung.
22. poem -> a piece of writing that partakes of the nature of both speech and song that
is nearly always rhythmical: “you make a poem of riding downhill on your bike”
23. aesthetic -> concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
24. Gothic -> Gothic styles of building and art were common in Europe between the
12th and 15th centuries
25. figurative ->  figurative art represents people, objects, and scenes, rather than
representing feelings or ideas as abstract art does