Media and Information

Literacy
First Quarter – Module 7:
How to Cite Practical Situations When to
Apply Knowledge in Intellectual Property,
Copyright, and Fair Use Guidelines
Medial and Information Literacy
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 7: How to Cite Practical Situations When to Apply Knowledge
in Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Fair Use Guidelines
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Schools Division Office Quezon City

Quezon City Local Government

Schools Division Superintendent Jenilyn Rose B. Corpuz

Honorable Mayor Josefina Belmonte Alimurong

Development Team of the Module

Writer: ROSENDA F. BAROTIL
Editor: MIGUEL SOLER JR.
Reviewer: MA. NIMFA R. GABERTAN, RYAN RIC E. MARY
Illustrator: RYAN RIC E. MARY
Layout Artist: RYAN RIC E. MARY
Management Team: JENILYN ROSE B. CORPUZ, CESO VI, SDS
FREDIE V. AVENDAÑO, ASDS
 EBENEZER A. BELOY, OIC-CID
HEIDEE F. FERRER, EPS – LRMS
MA. NIMFA R. GABERTAN- EPS, ENGLISH

Printed in the Philippines by Schools Division Office Quezon City

Quezon City Local Government Unit

Department of Education: National Capital Region

Office Address: Nueva Ecija St. BagoBantay, Quezon City

Telefax: 3456-0343
E-mail Address: sdoqcactioncenter@gmail.com
 Media and Information
Literacy
First Quarter – Module 7:
How to Cite Practical Situations When to
Apply Knowledge in Intellectual Property,
Copyright, and Fair Use Guidelines
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:
Welcome to Media and Information Literacy Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Most Essential Competencies (MELC) Matrix Week 7: Cite Practical Situations When
to Apply Knowledge in Intellectual Property, Copyright, and Fair Use Guidelines

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher, or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. This also would like to help learners gain the
knowledge and skills while taking into consideration their needs and situation.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips, guides and
reminders that will help you in directing the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module and to
keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to learn at their own pace. Also,
assisting the learners as they do the tasks is highly encouraged.

For the Learner:

Welcome to Media and Information Literacy Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Most Essential Competencies (MELC) Matrix Week 7: Cite practical situations when
applying knowledge in intellectual property, copyright, and fair use guidelines.

Our hand is capable of doing plenty of things for independent learning at the most
convenient time. It is often used to symbolize an action or purpose. By the use of your
hands, your ideas, thoughts, and skills can be put into action. With this, the hand in this
module symbolizes the tasks that you are to discover throughout the process of using this
module. There was a saying, “the more you do, the more you learn”. Always remember that
your learning depends on your actions.

This module was designed to offer you opportunities for learning at your own pace. Some of
the activities or tasks may require the aid of your parents, teachers, siblings, or even friends.
Take this opportunity to learn, socialize and get to know them and your surroundings better.
You will be able to progress better in the contents of the module by being an active and
curious learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what

What I Know you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to
skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New you in various ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the

What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
What’s More You may check the answers to the exercises using
the Answer Key at the end of the module.

This includes questions or blank

What I Have Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity that will help you

What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill in real-life
situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
This also tends to the retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Inspect the entire module beforehand for possible concerns such as missing or
torn pages, unreadable texts, and others. Kindly inform your teacher/ facilitator if there are
any.

2. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

3. Always keep in mind that you are not on your own all the time. Consult your
teacher/ facilitator when you encounter difficulty in any part of the module.

4. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

5. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.

6. Do not forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
Included in the module.

7. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.

8. Return this module to your teacher/ facilitator once you are through with it.

We hope that with the use of this module, you would appreciate and enjoy learning. We also
hope that you would gain a deep understanding of the relevant skills and knowledge
intended for this module for you to acquire. Learning is now at the palm of your hands.
 What I Need to
Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you cite practical situations when applying knowledge in intellectual
property, copyright, and fair use guidelines. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

In this challenging adventure of learning, you are expected to demonstrate understanding of

Media and Information Literacy (MIL) and MIL related concepts.

This module focuses on the Most Essential Learning Competency: cite practical situations
when applying knowledge in intellectual property, copyright, and fair use guidelines.
This module is divided into three key ideas as illustrated below.

1. Intellectual Property

A. Patent

B. Trademark

C. Copyright

D. Copyright Infringement

2. Plagiarism

3. Fair Use Guidelines

After going through this module, you are expected to:

● Understand the legal and ethical issues in media and information;

● Cite and paraphrase references properly; and
● Promote the ethical use of media and information.

1
Fill the circle map below with words, phrases, sentences, or symbols that you know about
the topic at the center.

Ethical Issues in
Media and
Information

What’s In

Answer the questions based on the information learned or read from other sources. Write
your answers briefly but clearly.

1. Who makes policies to protect the rights of the people regarding legal, ethical, and
societal issues in media and information?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. What happens if there are no policies about the legal and ethical use of media and
information?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
 What’s
New

Martin composed an original song and uploaded it in his social media account. He gained
many praises from his friend because of his talent in song composition.

A few weeks after, he saw from a shared post that his song composition was sung by
someone else. It had a better music accompaniment and so it gained more views and
popularity.

Questions
1. How do you think did Martin feel about that?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. Do you think Martin can file a case against the person who used his composition
without his permission?
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
______________

What is It

With the vast information you can find from the internet, it can be a venue of many crimes
such as plagiarism and copyright infringement. The ethical way of declaring and protecting
the intellectual property of an individual is to cite sources. Let us begin by knowing what
Intellectual Property is.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Intellectual Property refers to the creation of an individual’s intellectual pursuit. It can be an

invention (patent), a brand name (trademark), or a literary and artistic work (copyright). If you
want to use copyrighted material, you need to secure copyright permission from its owner
first because the work of another person is his intellectual property.

The intellectual property (IP) system relates to rights and obligations, as well as privileges
and incentives--all rooted from the creation and protection of IP. IP rights as basic human
rights involve “the right to benefit from the protection of moral and material interests resulting
from authorship of scientific, literary, or artistic productions.” (Art. 27, Universal Declaration
of Human Rights). Meanwhile, the 1987 Philippine Constitution mandates their protection
“particularly when beneficial to the people”. (Art. XIV, Sec. 13) Amid these seemingly
conflicting interests of the creators and innovators and the public, the system seeks to strike
a balance between them through legal safeguards.

Why promote and protect IP?

There are many compelling reasons. First, the progress and well-being of humanity depend
on its ability to make and invent new works in the areas of technology and culture. Second,
the legal protection of new creations encourages the commitment of additional resources for
further innovation. Third, the promotion and protection of intellectual property spurs
economic growth, creates new jobs and industries, and enhances the quality and enjoyment
of life. -WIPO Publication 450

For a better understanding of the lP Law, students may visit

Republic Act No. 8293 using the link below:
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1997/06/06/republic-act-no-8293/

PATENT

A patent is an exclusive right granted for a new, inventive, & useful product. It can take the
form of a new product, process, or technical improvements to an existing invention. It is an
exclusive right that permits the inventor to exclude others from making, using, or selling the
product of his invention during the life of the patent. Patent owners may also permit to, or
license, other parties to use their inventions on mutually agreed conditions. Owners are also
allowed to sell their invention rights to someone else, who then becomes the new owner of
the patent.
https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/services/patent/

The term of a patent shall be twenty (20) years from the filing date of the application. The
patent must be maintained yearly, starting from the 5th year.

TRADEMARK

A trademark is a word, a group of words, sign, symbol, or a logo that distinguishes your
business’s goods or services from those of other traders.

A trademark protects a business’ brand identity in the marketplace. If a brand name is

followed by a trademark, it means that the brand name has exclusive use of its trademark.
Imitation of brand names with a trademark is considered illegal because it is a form of fraud.
Doing so is tantamount to deceiving the public that the product you are buying is original.
 
The protection is ten (10) years from the date of issuance and is renewable for ten (10)
years at a time.
COPYRIGHT

Copyright is the legal protection extended to the owner of the rights in an original work such
as literary and artistic works, such as books and other writings, musical works, films,
paintings and other works, and computer programs. Copyright laws grant authors, artists,
and other creators automatic protection for their literary and artistic creations, from the
moment they create it.
A copyrighted material is protected by law and cannot just be used and reproduced without
permission. Otherwise, violation of such can merit legal sanctions.
Some authors allow others to use their work freely, provided that proper citation is credited
to them. Others, however, ask first for an honorarium before allowing the use of their
material. Published authors usually receive a monetary amount or royalty from the sales of
their books given by the publisher.
Thus, a person who wants to use the work of an author should ask for copying permission.
In the Philippines, a copyright for intellectual works can be requested at the National Library.

Is there a copyright law on the internet?

Yes. The Philippines had acceded to the WIPO Copyright Treaty and WIPO Performances
and Phonograms Treaty (collectively known as the “WIPO Internet Treaties” in March 2002.
The treaties entered into force here on October 4, 2002. The Internet Treaties were
formulated to update and improve the protection afforded by the existing copyright treaties.
They ensure that the copyright holders will continue to be protected when their works are
disseminated through the Internet.

The term of protection for copyright in literary and artistic works, and in derivative works is
generally the lifetime of the author plus fifty (50) years.
 

To learn more about copyright ownership, students may refer to

the intellectual Property Code, Law on Copyright Chapter IV.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT

Copyright infringement pertains to the violation of rights that was given to the author/owner
of the copyrighted work as defined and stated in the Law of Copyright. A famous example of
this is the illegal selling and distribution of pirated movies, songs, software installers, etc.

Some people may not be aware that performing a copyrighted works in public without the
knowledge of the owner is also a violation of rights on copyright, unless of course if the
scenario will apply on the fair use guidelines which we will be discussing later on.
Another illegal act that many are unaware of is the uploading of song covers on Youtube.
While you may be thinking that it is acceptable and not a violation since there is the added
term “cover” in the title which may imply that the uploader does not intend to take the
ownership of the song. But that is a clear violation of the rights of the owner. This same
principle applies even if we use the term “no copyright infringement intended”

PLAGIARISM

Plagiarism is when someone passed off the work of someone else as one’s own or without
acknowledgment or citation of the source.  Plagiarism is avoidable by making sure you
always give credit to the source when using the ideas or works of someone else in your
work. 

If you quote more than 500 words from a published material or think you may be violating the
“Fair Use” copyright law, you must formally request permission from the copyright owner.

FAIR USE GUIDELINES

So what does the law allow?

If you performed your favorite Aegis classic for your family last Christmas and didn’t charge
them a fee to hear you sing, that’s fair use.

If you’re delivering a speech to fellow your classmates and borrowed the quote of your
favorite philosopher or author, that’s fair use - so long as you credit the original creator
whether in the written speech or the delivery.

When you use the portrait of Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci in your report, that is fair use
because that is already a public domain so there is no need to ask permission.

When you use a material for a different purpose and audience, or the material is completely
changed from the original, that is fair use.

Fair Use is when the original work is cited or imitated for personal use and education such
as review, commentary, critic, or parody without the need to ask permission from the
copyright owner.

The rights of a copyright owner - the economic and moral rights - merits a separate in-depth
discussion but understanding both sides of copyright, as we play the role of both creator and
consumer of it, serves as a useful guide when to give credit where it is due, and when to
express ourselves as we see fit. 

Proper attribution of sources, contrary to popular opinion is not limited to students writing an
academic paper, but a responsibility of anyone, (even more so, a politician)  communicating
and expressing ideas to the public.
 What’s More

Directions: Draw a face if the statement expresses fair use. Draw a

face if it is
infringement.

What I Have Learned

1. Manuel used some parts of a science article for his song.

2. Danes copied completely the invention he saw in the fair.

3. Genalyn shared her mom’s famous recipe in her Facebook account.

4. Janice copied the work of art she saw on the internet because her teacher wouldn’t
know it anyway.
5. Jobert used images that are public domain.

Write True if the underlined concept is correct. If it is false, write the correct concept on the blank to
make the statement true.
1. A literary piece like a music is protected by a trademark.
2. Patent protects the maker of a certain device.
3. Copying of copyrighted material with the purpose of personal use only is fair use.
4. Plagiarism happens when a writer fails to cite his reference.
5. Copyright is the same as fraud.

What I Can Do

1. Would you let someone use and claim your work as his in exchange for a large amount?
Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Would you inform your teacher and ask for help if you are unable to find materials that you
need for your assignment? Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________________

3. What can you do to help protecting your favorite artists or recording companies?
Assessment
___________________________________________________________________________

A. Read the following statement and give the term that is being defined or described.
Pick your answer from the word pool below.
1. This refers to the product of the mind such as speech, song compositions, novels,
inventions, or brand names.
2. This grants a scientist exclusive rights for formulating a new product.
3. This is applicable when you cite a few lines from a song of a celebrity as an
introduction to a book review.
4. A person violates this if he takes credit for someone else’s work.
5. This refers to a specific sign associated with a particular brand of goods or services.

Intellectual Property Patent Plagiarism Trademark

Fair Use
B. Study the following scenarios and tell if it is plagiarism, copyright violation, or both.
1. If you copy the words to one of Shakespeare’s sonnets and put your name to it,  and
then post this to a Web site, you would be guilty of plagiarism but not copyright
infringement.
Answer:________________________________________________________________
2. If you copy the lyrics to a recent top 40 song and post it to a Web site, claiming it as
your work.
Answer:________________________________________________________________
 3. If you copy the lyrics to a recent top 40 song and post it to a Web site with credit given
to the singer or artist who recorded the song.
Answer:________________________________________________________________

Create a 30-second-minimum video or an infographic for a media campaign that promotes

the ethical use of media and information, similar to that of MTRCB.

Additional Activities
 Answer Key

What’s More
2. 3. 4.
5.

What I have learned

False – copyright

True

True

True

False - plagiarism

Assessment
1. Intellectual Property

2. Patent
3. Fair Use
4. Plagiarism
5. Trademark

1. Plagiarism

2. both copyright violation and plagiarism

3. copyright
References

This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

Magpile, Christine Marie. 2016. Media and Information Literacy (Enhancing Education
Through Effective Communication). Quezon City: The Intelligente Publishing, Inc.

https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/faq/copyright/

https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/news/beware-of-plagiarist-politicians/

https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/news/how-fair-is-fair-use/

https://www.ipophil.gov.ph/services/patent/

https://cws.auburn.edu/link....

(Copyright vs. Plagiarism)

https://cws.auburn.edu/
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office-Quezon City

Email Address: sdoqcactioncenter@gmail.com

Telephone No.8352-6806/6809; Telefax-3456-0343.