Green highlighted stuff is going to be in front of the greenscreen.

Intro:

Ryan: Global Warming

Aidan: Mass Extinctions

Ryan: Public Health Epidemics

Aidan: As the future caretakers of the world, it is our duties to ensure the wellbeing of our
beautiful home, Mother Earth.

Ryan: But with all these issues bestowed upon us by our elders, what are we to do?

Aidan: Can we do anything? Is it too late?

Ryan: Is it not our duty to inform ourselves before it is too late? How can we truly help?

Aidan: Who says that we are unable to make a change? Who says that we cannot gain the
wisdom of those who have lived lifetimes sooner?

Ryan: This ambiguous boundary lies not within our peers, but within ourselves.

Aidan: It is our goal with this program to break down the boundaries that hold our great human
race back from perfection.

Ryan: Who says that our generation cannot be the first to start the trend of accelerating on the
road to perfection?

Both: May we present to you, the solution to this issue: Endeavors of the Teenage Mind!
Episode 1: Intro to Science and the Scientific Method
(sequence of a ton of pictures)
(shot of a car driving by, track car & pan over to Ryan and Aidan)
*Ryan and Aidan approach the camera*
Aidan: Science! It’s everywhere. It’s what explains the functions of the entire universe, from the
miniscule ant to the gargantuan blackholes of outer space.

Ryan: Which might not be so gargantuan when you think about it. I mean they are called a
singularity for a reason.

Aidan: Well you can shut up about that because in this episode, we’ll be talking about the
broader concept of science and the scientific method. First, let’s define science. Ryan?

*Freeze frame and do that closing circle effect that they do at the end of Tom and Jerry, open
circle back in front of Green screen*
(medium wide, both Aidan and Ryan in frame)
Ryan: Well, the Oxford definition of science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior
of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation.

Aidan: Well that’s a mouthful, Ryan. No wonder so many people think this is a waste of time.

Ryan: Oh but it’s not a waste of time, I swear! Aside from the boring definitions, science can be
very exciting if applied correctly. What you said about science being all around us is right.
(medium CU on Aidan)
Aidan: There are three branches of science: natural, formal, and social. Natural science
includes the study of things like biology, chemistry, and physics. Formal science is math, logic,
and other analytical studies. Social science includes more abstract concepts like psychology
and politics.
(medium CU on Ryan)
Ryan: Come to think of it, we probably shouldn’t get too much into politics. For this mini series,
we’ll mainly be focusing on Natural science with a little bit of Formal science sprinkled in along
the way. As you can see, most things in this world have a science to them.
(back to Medium Wide)
Aidan: All science is based on research, which can be carried out through the scientific method,
the most important concept for science. This process has several steps: Observe the things
around you, question something about them, form a hypothesis, make an experiment, and draw
a conclusion from that experiment.

Ryan:This tried and true method wasn’t always around though. Like all good things, it took time
to develop. Let's go back to the Ancient World.

*Both Aidan and Ryan look up, camera slowly pans up, crossfade into Caveman bit*
(Handheld)
*Ryan, dressed in a caveman outfit, does caveman stuff around a pile of wood*
Ryan: One of the first things early humans used to kickstart civilization was fire.

(CU on wood, picture of fire appears on wood)

Ryan: When approaching fire, they noticed it was hot, and that they could huddle around it for
warmth.

(Handheld, low angle)

*Caveman Ryan loses his shit*
Ryan: They later found out that it also cooked food and made it easier to eat. They didn’t know it
then, but by observing the workings of their surroundings and applying what they saw to their
lives, early humans were actively carrying out the first steps of the scientific method.

(layer shots of Caveman Ryan picking up tools, roasting food over the fire, etc. end the montage
with Caveman Ryan brushing his hands off, looking up at his house.)
Aidan: Later on, humans formed civilizations, and used their observations about plant life and
animals to form farms and develop agricultural societies. In a way, the scientific method is
responsible for the modern society we live in today.

(fade back to Ryan, medium CU in front of green screen)

Ryan: Let’s go over the steps to this awesome process.

(Medium on Aidan, keep negative space for bullet points)

Aidan: First, an observation must be made about the environment and a question must be
asked about it. Why is the sky blue? How do birds fly? Why do our hearts beat? These are
questions about our surroundings that can be explained through the scientific method.

(Medium Wide)
Aidan: Do you remember how the concept of gravity was developed?

*Aidan throws apple at Ryan*

Aidan: That's right! Sir Isaac Newton made an observation.

(Medium CU on Ryan)
*Ryan rubs his head*
Ryan: After his observation of an apple falling, Newton formed a hypothesis to try to answer his
question of why, and experimented to determine whether it was correct. A hypothesis is a
testable explanation for a question. After the hypothesis, an experiment can be done to prove or
disprove it.

(Medium CU on Aidan)
Aidan: Results, Results, Results! Science depends on results. After an experiment, scientists
can collect the results and analyze them to form conclusions about what they have found and
what they already know. These results either support the hypothesis or contradict it. Scientists
can then modify a new hypothesis around their results.

(Medium CU on Ryan)

Ryan: A benefit of the scientific method is the widespread distribution of knowledge. Scientists
can publish their works and let their results be known around the world, which encourages unity
and efficiency in the scientific community.

(Medium Wide)
Aidan: Who knew science could be so wholesome?

Ryan: To sum up, the scientific method is very important.

Aidan: It forms the backbone of science and it's the most efficient way to explain our
surroundings.

(Medium CU on Ryan, Ryan in center of frame)

Ryan: So if you have a question about something, follow the steps of the scientific method to try
and explain it. Form a hypothesis, develop an experiment, get some results. And if you want
some background information on the subject, chances are, a scientist’s got your back.

*Aidan slaps Ryan on the back. Aidan and Ryan argue as credits roll.*

Episode 2: Biology

*Starts with Aidan and Ryan hanging out in Aidan’s room, playing with Aidan’s rats*

Ryan: Have you ever looked at your pet dog or cat…

Aidan: or rat? *Aidan holds up Blitz*

Ryan: *Begrudgingly* or rat and wondered, how do you function, why do you have a tail, what
did your ancestors look like?

Aidan: Overall, pretty hefty questions for a pet to answer...

*Aidan tosses Blitz behind his shoulder, a loud squeak can be heard behind him*

Aidan: ...but luckily, biology can help!

*Aidan and Ryan Jump out of frame*

*Aidan and Ryan jump into frame in front of green screen*
(Medium Wide)
Ryan: Biology is the study of life. Generally, biologists study the function, growth, structure,
origin, evolution and distribution of organisms.

Aidan: Wow that’s a lot of things.

Ryan: Yep, and it covers everything that is, or was, alive from the tiny bacteria to the
gargantuan Sequoia trees.

Aidan: Well, what determines if something is alive?

(Medium CU on Ryan)
Ryan: All living organisms share several characteristics that determine life: order, response to
stimuli, reproduction, growth and development, homeostasis, and metabolism.

(Medium CU on Aidan)
Aidan: An organism must have all of these characteristics or abilities in order to be considered
alive. Lets go over them.

(Medium CU on Ryan)
Ryan: The simplest possible life form is called a cell, and every living thing is made of them.
Cells themselves, though, are also very complex and are made of little things called organelles.
We’ll talk about that later.

(Medium CU on Aidan)
Aidan: In multicellular organisms, like us, similar cells form tissues. These tissues form organs,
and organs form organ systems. This structural pathway shows the sheer complexity and order
of life.

(Medium Wide)
Ryan: Secondly, organisms respond to stimuli. What's a stimulus? Well it doesn't have anything
to do with a $2000 check.
*laugh track*

(MCU on Aidan)
Aidan: A stimulus is a detectable change in an environment. This can include sunlight, heat,
pressure or sound. An organism's ability to respond to a stimulus helps determine if it's alive.

(MCU on Ryan)
Ryan: Another thing that classifies life is the ability to reproduce. Reproduction is the process of
passing on genetic information to an offspring.
(MCU on Aidan)
Aidan: The whole point of reproduction is to ensure the growth of a species and to give offspring
characteristics similar to their parents. On a larger scale, reproduction is very important for the
existence and continuation of a species.

(Medium Wide)
Ryan: All organisms grow and develop, so growth and development is yet another factor that
determines if something’s alive.

Aidan: Growth is pretty straightforward, basically, all living things increase in size over their
lifespan. They also go through different stages of development to eventually exhibit the same
characteristics as their parents.

Ryan: Think of how a human grows from a baby to an adult through developmental processes
like puberty. That's growth and development.

Aidan: What's next? Homeostasis.

(MCU on Aidan)
Adian: All organisms need to maintain specific conditions in order to function properly. These
factors include body temperature, pH levels, and chemical concentrations.

(MCU on Ryan)
Ryan: Organisms utilize many biological mechanisms to maintain these conditions, despite
environmental changes. For example, if it's hot outside, our body sweats to cool ourselves
down.

(Medium Wide)
Aidan: Finally, all organisms carry out metabolism. To explain, we all use energy from a specific
source to carry out the activities that keep us alive.

Ryan: Different types of organisms use different mechanisms to harness and use energy. (Ryan
puts up his hands in a harnessing manner, disturbingly)

Aidan: For instance, plants capture light directly from the sun to convert it into energy. Animals
on the other hand, eat plants or other animals to attain energy.

(MCU on Ryan)
Ryan: Well, we’ve gone over what defines life and the characteristics that all organisms have,
but let's get into the nitty gritty of biology.

*Aidan jumps into frame*

Aidan: That’s right, we’re talking about cells.

*Ryan pushes Aidan out of frame, Aidan is heard falling over*

Ryan: Cells are the basic building blocks of life. Literally all organisms are made out of cells.

(MCU on Aidan, who is on the ground)

Aidan: The basic functions of cells are to provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from
food, convert nutrients into energy, and use energy to carry out specific functions.

(MCU on Ryan)
Ryan: Let’s go over some of the cell’s structures that make these functions possible. Cell
structures are called organelles.

(Medium Wide)
*Ryan helps Aidan up*

(Voiceover)
Aidan: The plasma membrane is the cell's outer lining. It separates the cell from its surrounding
environment. The plasma membrane is able to selectively allow certain materials to enter and
leave the cell.

Ryan: The mitochondria are organelles that convert sugars into usable energy for cells. The
mitochondria are very important in providing energy for cell activities.

Aidan: Arguably the most important structure in the cell is the nucleus. The nucleus is the
command center of the cell, controlling and regulating cell activities. It also contains the cell’s
genetic information, or DNA. DNA is used to produce proteins, which are the molecules that do
most of the work in our bodies.

Ryan: Proteins are created on ribosomes, which process the cell’s DNA to do so. Ribosomes
can be found floating around the cell or attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Aidan: Well what’s the endoplasmic reticulum?

Ryan: We’ll get there when we get there! Anyways the endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle
that synthesizes molecules like proteins and lipids. Then it sends these molecules to the Golgi
apparatus.

Aidan: The Golgi Apparatus is like a post office, it packages molecules and ships it out of the
cell.

(MCU on Aidan)
Aidan: Well there ya go, the important organelles of the cell. With a better understanding of the
functions and structure of cells, we are more likely to unlock the secrets and decipher the
complexities of life.

(MCU on Ryan)
Ryan: A central idea of biology is the theory of evolution, which was formulated by Charles
Darwin, who is widely regarded as the “father of evolution”.

(MCU on Aidan)
Aidan: Daddy Darwin suggested that organisms evolve through natural selection. Basically, in
this process, organisms that have beneficial physical or behavioral traits, specific to their
environment, will survive longer and have more offspring. Survival of the fittest.

(Medium Wide)
Ryan: Take for example the peppered moths in England. Dark moths in a dark forest will survive
better than light moths.

Aidan: This theory describes the development of species and explains the specific traits that
organisms have, in regards to their environment.

Ryan: Of course, like most science stuff, evolution takes time, millions of years, for organisms to
develop noticeable traits and better adapt to their specific conditions. So sorry, we won’t be
seeing humans turn into this (overlays disturbing picture) anytime soon.

*a circle slowly closes in like in Tom and Jerry and looney toons outro music plays. Aidan
struggles to stay in frame.*
Aidan: There ya have it folks, Biology! With this incredible type of science, we can understand
how living organisms function and interact and how we can maintain the diverse ecosystems of
the Earth.
(Overlay the text “Pretty Cool!” before ending the video)

Episode 3: Earth Science

(Establishing shots: scenery, nature, animals if you can)

(Zoom out to Medium Wide Shot of Aidan and Ryan standing on a cliffside)
Ryan: We’re here at the Grand Canyon! One of Earth’s greatest examples of its history as a
planet!

Aidan: It’s pretty Grand, huh?? Wouldn’t you say Ryan?

Ryan: Uh, yeah, I guess so.

*Aidan and Ryan turn around to overlook the canyon.*

(Follow Aidan and Ryan with camera)

*Ryan and Aidan look at each other*
Ryan: There’s actually a lot of things that contribute to this canyon's grandness. The coloration,
weather, and sheer vastness of the thing all have to do with studies under earth science.
Aidan: And this ain’t just the case with the grand canyon; you can go outside and look just about
anywhere to find other natural formations. Mountains, rivers, and even the clouds above you all
have to do with earth science. In fact, let’s go someplace else just to prove it.

*Aidan looks at Ryan and smirks, puts his hand up and loads it up for a snap*

Ryan: NO NO NO WAIT-

*Aidan snaps his fingers and teleports himself and Ryan to the Badlands of South Dakota*

Ryan: What?

Aidan: We’re now in the badlands of South Dakota, a place over a thousand miles away from
the Grand Canyon, although it was formed through similar processes. As you can see, Earth
Science is everywhere.

*Ryan sits on a conveniently placed chair next to him*

Ryan: Yeah, earth science is pretty nifty. As one would assume, it deals with the structure,
processes, and properties of the Earth.

Aidan: Lets start off by reviewing the structure of the Earth. Earth can be divided into four layers.

Ryan: The Inner Core is the innermost layer. It is super hot, but the elements there are solid
because this layer experiences a lot of pressure.

Aidan: The next layer is called the Outer Core. Although this layer has a similar composition to
the Inner Core and is also very hot, the layer is liquid because it is under less pressure.

Ryan: The Mantle is the next layer, making up 84% of the Earth's volume. This layer is
responsible for the shifting of tectonic plates, which we'll talk about soon.

Aidan: The outermost layer is the crust, the layer we live on. Although it only makes up 1% of
Earth's volume, it makes up the entire surface. The thickness of the layer defines our oceans
and continents.

Ryan: A very important aspect of Earth structure is plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics
suggests that, sitting on the Earth's mantle, are plates, comprising the crust.

Aidan: The plates are driven to move by the heat of Earth's inner layers. Pretty interesting stuff.

Ryan: The interactions between plates contribute a lot to the crusts structure. When plates
move away from each other, collide into each other, or grind against each other, they can form
mountain ranges, valleys, ridges, or volcanoes. (show Rocky mountains and Hawaiian
volcanoes)

Aidan: Additionally, when plates grind against each other, it can cause earthquakes. Thats bad
news bears for us, but its ultimately necessary for the development of our surroundings.

Ryan: Earth science isn't just about the structure of Earth, though. There are many other
aspects of this science that make it a lot more interesting and detrimental.

Aidan: Yep. This type of science can be broken up into three different areas of study: geology
(layer picture of Utah arches), oceanography (picture of Monterey beach), and meteorology
(picture of thunderstorm) all of which affect and shape the earth in a certain way.

Ryan: Let's start off with Geology. As you might already know, geology deals with Earth in its
solid form. Specifically, it is the study of the rocks that compose Earth and the processes by
which they change over time.

Aidan: This ranges from the formation of entire continents to the tiny pebbles in your backyard.

Ryan: You definitely already know of rocks, but what really are rocks?

Aidan: Well, rocks are natural masses of minerals. They are classified by their mineral
composition and the way in which they're formed.

Ryan: There are three types of rock: metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary.

Aidan: Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have had chemical or physical changes as a result of
high temperatures and high pressure. The name literally means "change".

Ryan: Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock, originating from below the
surface of the Earth. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly, in the earth's crust, while extrusive
igneous rocks are pushed up to the surface and cool quickly.

Aidan: Finally, sedimentary rocks are rocks that are formed from sediment, which is composed
of minerals and organic matter. The sediment is carried by water, ice, or wind and is eventually
compressed into rock by new layers of sediment.

Ryan: Both the Grand canyon and Badlands are made of sedimentary rock and their formations
were a result of sedimentary properties.

( rock segment, mention that the south dakota badlands and grand canyon are made of
sedimentary rock )

Aidan: Hey Ryan, you rock.

Ryan: What’s wrong with you?

Aidan: Each type of rock has a certain erodibility, meaning that erosion has a different effect on
each type.

Ryan: Well, what is erosion?

Aidan: I am so glad you asked.

*Aidan snaps his fingers and both are teleported back to the Grand Canyon. Ryan falls over
cause the chair is no longer there.*
(Medium Wide angle shot when Ryan falls over)

(Change to Medium High Angle Shot)

*Ryan sits on the ground*
Ryan: Oh, we’re back.

(Reverse shot on Aidan)

*Aidan holds out his hand to Ryan*
Aidan: The Grand Canyon is a perfect demonstration of the process called erosion.

(Medium Wide)
*Aidan helps Ryan up, Ryan dusts himself off*

Ryan: In this process, rock is gradually worn away and transported by natural forces, including
wind, water, and ice.

Aidan: In the case of the Grand Canyon, the sedimentary rock found in this region was easily
broken down and carried away by the rushing water of the Colorado River, leaving behind this
incredible formation.
(diff angle)
Ryan: And it didn’t just happen overnight. All erosion takes time to have any substantial effect
on rock. The sediments you see here took an estimated 6 million years for the Colorado River to
carve away, and the oldest parts of the canyon have been speculated to be over 60 million
years old.

Aidan: As you can see, the process of erosion is very important in shaping our surroundings.
The breaking down of rock is responsible for more things than you think, including beaches,
cliffs, and yes, even canyons.

(back to Medium wide)

Aidan: I think its time to talk about meteorology. (snap)
(Background is a field with huge clouds looming over)

Ryan: Here's a disclaimer, meterology isn't about those big rocks from space. (Disclaimer
flashes at the bottom of the screen "Not about Meteors")

Aidan: Actually, meteorology is the study of the Earth's atmosphere, with an emphasis on
weather.

Ryan: Lets go over some major subjects of meteorology. For starters, precipitation is very
important to Earth science.

Aidan: Precipitation is any form of condensed water that is pulled from clouds through gravity. It
includes rain, snow, and hail.

Ryan: The process of precipitation contributes t the water cycle. When water on the surface of
the Earth evaporates, the water vapor forms clouds.

Aidan: When these clouds are dense enough, the water is pulled from the clouds by gravity and
falls to the Earth. The fallen water evaporates again and the cycle continues.

Ryan: Overall, precipitation provides fresh water to the Earth and contributes to erosion, as
fallen rain and snow break away rock.

Aidan: Meteorology also explains various natural disasters.

Ryan: Tornadoes, Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones alike, are all formed as a result of
rotating wind, usually caused by differences in temperature and pressure.

Aidan: With meterology, we are able to better understand these occurances and limit the
damages of these disasters.

Ryan: In conclusion, Meterology is vital in explaining and predicting weather factors that
contribute to water levels, ecosystem stability, and natural disasters.

Aidan: Lets move on to Oceonogrphy.

Ryan: Oceanography is the study of the ocean, duh.

Aidan: Oceanographers study the formation of the sea floor and its changes, which provides
information on oceanic seismic activity.

Ryan: This information can be used to predict earthquakes and tsunamis more accurately.
Aidan: With climate change on the rise, it is extremely important to study the factors of the
ocean that are affected by the increase of temperature, from sea levels and ocean currents to
ecosystem stability.

Ryan: Wow, that's a lot of stuff about Earth science, hopefully we put into perspective the crazy
amount of aspects that affect the Earth's structure and function.

Aidan: In addition to all of the areas of study that help us better understand the Earth.

Ryan: The Earth is our home, and with Earth science, we can take care of this awesome planet.

https://www.nsf.gov/geo/ear/about.jsp#:~:text=Earth%20science%20is%20the%20study,of
%20life%20on%20the%20planet.

Episode 4: World Culture in the Scientific Community (Completely Green Screen)

Aidan: Hola!
(Caption: Hello!)

Ryan: Bienvenidos a Endeavours of the Teenage mind

(Caption: Welcome to Endeavours of the Teenage Mind)

Aidan: en este video vamos a hablar sobre cultures diferentes en la comunidad científica.
(Caption: In this video, we are going to talk about different cultures in the scientific community)

Ryan: Cada cultura en todo el mundo contribuye a la ciencia a su manera específica.

(Caption: Every culture around the world contributes to science in their own specific way.)

Aidan: Scientific activities are social activities, so science is deeply affected by culture.

Ryan: A scientist’s thinking patterns, values, behavioral norms, and traditions all reflect their
culture.

Aidan: It is extremely important that we take into consideration and incorporate the scientific
breakthroughs and unique aspects that world cultures offer.

Ryan: This is because different cultures give us insight and ways of thinking which help us look
at scientific topics in unique perspectives.

Aidan: Ultimately allowing us to discover new things, that we otherwise would not have even
thought of.

Ryan: We should also acknowledge the great scientific contributions that many cultures have
made to the scientific community throughout history.
Aidan: For example, the native peoples of the Americas and Australia have introduced
invaluable knowledge regarding the functional and chemical properties of plants, leading to
advancements in medication.

Aidan: One of the major challenges of multiculturalism in the scientific community is the
language barrier. The presence of multiple and varying languages can inhibit communication
and slow scientific progress.

Ryan: Nevertheless, individuals persevere and learn to communicate with their scientific peers
precisely and effectively.

Ryan: Unfortunately, many cultural efforts in science have been overshadowed by eurocentric
and western culture prevalence in the scientific field.

Aidan: While western cultures have made many contributions to science and give their own
unique insight and thought processes, it is still important to consider other cultures and
incorporate their unique views to widen our knowledge.

Ryan: Especially during a pandemic, the united efforts of the world is needed to ensure the
breakthroughs necessary to overcome this challenge.

Aidan: Thanks for watching.

Iaccarino M. (2003). Science and culture. Western science could learn a thing or two from the way
science is done in other cultures. EMBO reports, 4(3), 220–223.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.embor781

For Scientific Method, we’ll need:

- New pair of clothes
- Apple
- Caveman costume
- Rocks