MARIANNA ESTHER G.

GAYATIN
BSHM MH 2-3

MODULE 7
PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT (1872 – 1892)

1872 1888 1889

 The Propaganda began
when Father Mariano
Gomez, Father Graciano
Lopez Jaena and father
Jacinto Zamora, also known
as GomBurZa, executed at
the Luneta.
 The Filipino exiles and
many patriotic students
abroad met in Hong Kong,
Singapore, Madrid, Paris,
London and other foreign
cities.
 Aggressively but peacefully,
by means of writing and
speeches, they crusaded for
reforms to rectify the evils of
the Spanish colonial system.
 The Anti-Friar Manifesto
happened on March 1, 1888
 The Anti-Friar Manifesto of
hundred of Filipino led by
Doroteo Cortes, patriotic
lawyer in Manila, assisted by
M.H. del Pilar and Jose A.
Ramos
 It requested the expulsion
of the frias from the
Philippines.
 January 12, 1889 - the
Filipino propagandists and
their Spanish friends
organized the Asociacion
Hispano-Filipino in Madrid for
the purpose of securing
reforms for the Philippines.
 Founded the La Solidaridad
by Graciano Lopez Jaena in
Barcelona on February 15,
1889.
 The newspaper was
created due to the reality that
mass media is important in
propagating the propaganda
objectives.
 December 1889 - M.H. del
Pilar replaced Jaena as the
editor of La Solidaridad.

1892

 July 3, 1892 - Dr. Jose Rizal founded the La

Liga Filipina in a house at Ilaya St. Tondo, Manila.
 July 6, 1892 - Rizal was exiled to Dapitan-
known to be the collapse of La Liga Filipina.
 July 7, 1892 - Bonifacio founded the KKK
(Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan) in a house of Deodato
Arellano on Azcarraga Street (now Claro M.
Recto) in Tondo, Manila.
 Deodado Arellano was the first president of the
Katipunan.
 ASSESSMENT
1. What was the propaganda Movement and what did it stand for?

The Propaganda Movement in 1872 was established to create reforms in the

Philippines and to eliminate the injustices that the Filipinos had suffered in relation to
the execution of GomBurZa. Members of this movement are mostly creoles and
mestizos who can afford to study in Spanish universities in Barcelona and Madrid.
By learning different languages, they were able to read books that focuses on
liberalism and revolution. They have encountered the political movements that fought
for individual rights, anti-clericalism, and constitutionalism. Jose Rizal together with
Graciano Lopez Jaena, Mariano Ponce, Marcelo H. del Pilar and many more issued
the first publication of La Solidaridad.

It stands for the Filipino natives and Spaniards to be equal under the law. The goals
of the propaganda movement is to have a Filipino representative in the Spanish
cortes to avoid injustices, to secularize the clergy, to recognize the Philippines as a
province of the colonizers, to abolish forced labor and bandala, provision of Spanish
citizenship to the Filipino natives, equal opportunity for the Filipino natives and
Spanish to enter government services, and guarantee of freedom and human rights.

The written works of the propaganda movements are not totally reached by its target
audience because of the interference of the Spanish government and the language
that is used to write it. The propagandists wrote it in Spanish which is totally
impossible for the Filipino natives to understand but it reached the local ilustrados
who led the revolutionary forces in the Philippines.

2. What was Rizal’s involvement in it?

Jose Rizal had a lot of notable works published in La Solidaridad. He annotated the
first book written and published about the Philippines entitled “Sucessos de las Islas
Filipinas” by Antonio Morga. The goal of Jose Rizal is to open the eyes of the
Filipinos, to tell the truth about the culture and people of the Philippines, and to prove
that Filipinos were civilized even before the Spaniards came. It is proven that during
the precolonial period, Filipinos have a 100% literacy rate and there are no
discrimination with gender and races. Jose Rizal also published the “Como se
Gobiernan las Filipinas” and the socio-political essays “The Indolence of the Filipino”
and “Philippines, A Century Hence”. The Propaganda movement failed when Jose
Rizal was arrested and La Solidaridad went out of business in 1895.

3. What was the context in which Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere?

Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere described the state of the country under the Spaniards
as a disgrace, which provided more hardships to the life of the Filipinos. The detailed
story about the sufferings of his countrymen were meant to awaken the Filipinos to
the truth that was adversely affecting the society and which had not been talked
about by the people most probably due to fear with the ruling Spaniards.

This novel has a lot of symbolism and real-life events that opened the eyes of the
Filipino people during the Spanish colonization to start the revolution and overthrow
the Spanish colonizers. Every character in Noli Me Tangere has a role that depicts
different roles in Philippine society to fight for the freedom of the country.

4. What literary strategies did Rizal use in writing this novel?

Noli Me Tangere is a novel that was an advisory for the Filipinos to fight against the
colonizers and today’s reminder of our history. The characters and the events in the
story resemble our life, culture, and beliefs of Filipino people. This literary piece will
mark in our hearts the values that the novel tells us to be a good role model that will
benefit our country. Reading this literary piece will make us realize the true meaning
of nationalism and be a catalyst for change.

5. What does this novel indicate about national consciousness?

Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere tells us that we should reflect on our actions and
beliefs for our country. The theme of the novel is to promote nationalism and to
accept change in ourselves is still applies to us today. We must patronize our
country by respecting the law, promoting Philippine culture, and realizing the true
goal of the country by helping each other towards the improvement of the country. It
teaches us the values of wisdom, fighting what is right, and loving our country. This
novel is being taught in school in order to not repeat the history itself by learning how
to love our country and to empower the youth as the catalyst of change for our
country. Being a true Filipino is what Jose Rizal wants us to be, to know who we are
and what is our true goals will make the country flourished.