Toggle Jack :A toggle jack is a device which lifts heavy equipment.

The most
common form is a car jack, floor jack or garage jack which lifts vehicles so that
maintenance can be performed.
Construction of Toggle Jack :
• Car jacks usually use toggle advantage to allow a human to lift a vehicle by
manual force alone. More powerful jacks use hydraulic power to provide
more lift over greater distances. Toggle jacks are usually rated for maximum
lifting capacity.
• There is a one screw in the toggle jack which is rotating.
• There are two nuts which is fixed.
• There are four links connected to both nuts and eight pins to fix all links.
• There are two rings at both ends of the screw.
• There is a one platform which is connected to the upper two links for put
load.

Working of toggle jack •

The jack can be raised and lowered with a metal bar that is inserted into the jack.
The operator turns the bar with his hands in a clockwise direction for makes it go
up. When the screw lifts the load on the platform which placed above will also
be raised. The bar is turned until the jack is raised to the level needed. To lower
the jack the bar is turned in the opposite direction.
 Design procedure of Toggle Jack :

A) Design of Screw :
1) Find the value of W1 :
Load on the square threaded screw will be maxm, when the toggle jack is in its
bottom position. If a pull F acts on left nut, then another pull F of similar value
act on another nut.
Let Ѳ be the angle of inclination of the link CD with the horizontal.

Total Tensile pull on the square threaded

screw, W1 = 2 F

𝐖/𝟐
tan θ =
𝐅

𝐖
∴F=
𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏 θ

2) Find the value of core dia. and mean dia. :

Let dc and d = Core dia. and mean dia. of screw

Direct compressive stress due to axial load is given by,
𝐖𝟏
σc = 𝛑
𝐗 𝐝𝐜𝟐
𝟒

To account for torsional shear stress which screw is subjected, increase dc by

referring standard table of square threads, Where we get do and p.
Now, calculate new dc using the formula, dc = do – p
𝐝𝐨+𝐝𝐜
Also d =
𝟐
3) Find the torsional shear stress induced due to torque T required to rotate
screw :
𝐝 𝐝
T = P × = W1 tan (α + φ) ×
𝟐 𝟐
where, P = Effort required at circumference of screw
d = Mean dia. of screw
𝟏𝟔 𝐓
∴ Induced torsional shear stress in screw, τind = 𝛑 𝐝𝐜𝟑

𝐖𝟏
Direct compressive stress induced in the screw , σc ind = 𝛑
𝐗 𝐝𝐜𝟐
𝟒
 Check maxm principal stresses :

a) By maxm shear stress theory,

𝟏
Induced τmax = Maximum shear stress on minm c/s , = σc𝟐 + 𝟒 τ𝟐
𝟐

b) By normal stress theory,

𝟏 𝟏
σc max = Maximum normal stress = σc + σc𝟐 + 𝟒 τ𝟐
𝟐 𝟐

Check principal stresses induced (τmax and σc max ) are less than permissible values, if
yes design is safe.

B ) Design of Nut :
𝐖
Bearing pressure on the nut, Pb = 𝛑
𝐝𝐨𝟐 −𝐝𝐜𝟐 𝐗 𝐧
𝟒

n = No. of threads of screw in contact with nut

a) Calculate n from above eqn .

b) Calculate H = n x p

c) Calculate thick. or width of screw thread, t = p/2